---
title: "Qūxiāng sīmián chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/quxiang-simian-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Qūxiāng sīmián chá (屈乡丝绵茶)

**Qūxiāng sīmián chá** (*Qūxiāng sīmián chá*, 屈乡丝绵茶) — itiye eliluhlaza lasesifundeni sase-Zigui (秭归县) esifundeni sedolobha sase-Yichang esifundazweni sase-Hubei, lisuka osebeni lomhosha wase-Xiling (西陵峡) emfuleni i-Yangtze. Igama lakhiwe ngezinganekwane ezimbili: «Qūxiāng» (屈乡) — «izwe lokuzalwa lika-Qu Yuan»; «sīmián chá» (丝绵茶) — «itiye likasilika», igama, ngokwenganekwane, elanikezwa itiye yinkosi u-Jiaqing. Uphawu ngokomthetho: ekudabukeni kweqabunga elisha kubonakala imicu esiliva. Isiqinisekiso sezolimo sokuma komhlaba — kusukela ngo-2012, umkhiqizo onesiqinisekiso sokuma komhlaba — kusukela ngo-2025.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*). Umthetho ubophezela ukusebenza ngokwezinga «屈乡绿茶标准» (Q/SXC01—2009) kanye nemithetho «屈乡绿茶加工技术规范» — zombili zibizwa ngokuthi «eziluhlaza»; ubuchwepheshe abunayo i-oxidation.
* **Isigaba:** Isiqinisekiso sezolimo sokuma komhlaba (2012, isitifiketi AGI00934); umkhiqizo onesiqinisekiso sokuma komhlaba (2025).
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe sase-Hubei (湖北, *Húběi*), isifunda sedolobha sase-Yichang (宜昌, *Yíchāng*), isifunda sase-Zigui (秭归, *Zǐguī*).
* **Indawo evikelwe:** Amadolobhana kanye nezifunda eziyishumi nanye zesifunda — Maoping (茅坪镇), Guizhou (归州镇), Quyuan (屈原镇), Shuitianba (水田坝乡), Xietan (泄滩乡), Shazhenxi (沙镇溪镇), Lianghekou (两河口镇), Meijiahe (梅家河乡), Guojiaoba (郭家坝镇), Jiuwanxi (九畹溪镇) kanye ne-Yanglinqiao (杨林桥镇); uhlu luyafana emthethweni kanye nesimemezelo № 640. Indawo ngokomthetho — 40 000 mu.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** 110°18′–111°00′ empumalanga, 30°38′–31°11′ enyakatho.

**2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Qu Yuan.** Ngokombhalo womthetho, imbongi yazalwa ngo-340 BC e-Lepingli (乐坪里) esifundeni sase-Zigui. Umugqa we-«Lisao» (离骚) «余既滋兰之九畹兮» — «ngatshala ama-orchid emihosheni eyisishiyagalolunye» — umthetho uhlobanisa nedolobhana lamanje lase-Jiuwanxi (九畹溪).
    * **Inganekwane ngo-Jiaqing.** Ngokwenganekwane echazwe emthethweni, umuntu ohlonishwayo wase-Caijiapo (蔡家坡), u-Li Gaoyong (李高永), wamukelwa yinkosi u-Jiaqing (嘉庆) futhi yamnika isikhundla se-dengshilang (登仕郎). Ngokubonga u-Li wanikeza inkosi itiye lendawo; inkosi yajabula, yanika itiye igama elithi «丝绵茶» futhi yanikeza ibhodi elinombhalo kanye nesethi yezinkomishi ze-gaiwan.
    * **Uhlu lozalo kanye netshe lethuna.** Ngokombiko ka-2018, uhlu lozalo lomndeni wakwa-Li lubeka impilo ka-Li Gaoyong ngo-1783–1882, futhi itshe lakhe lethuna elinombhalo othi «登仕郎李高永» lamiswa ngo-1903 futhi lisinda ngokwengxenye edolobhaneni lase-Xiakou (峡口村). Umbiko ubheka lokhu njengobufakazi obuphathekayo bokuthi isimian cha kwakuyintela; imibhalo uqobo, njengoba uchaza, ibiza isikhundla, kodwa ayisho lutho ngetiye. Ngokombiko ofanayo, itshe lethuna langempela lalimala phakathi neminyaka ye-«Cultural Revolution»: amapuleti amabili aqoshiwe ohlangothini lwangaphambili ahlala ephelele, okunye kwavuselelwa ngenkumbulo yezizukulwane.
    * **Intela.** Umbiko ofanayo ucaphuna izazi-mlando ukuthi itiye lase-Zigui kusukela ku-Tang kuya ku-Qing laliyingxenye yentela yenkantolo, futhi ubiza itiye lentela le-Yuan elithi «清口茶» kanye nelika-Qing elithi «丝绵茶».
    * **1994.** Ngo-Okthoba isiteshi sesifunda sokusabalalisa ubuchwepheshe bemikhiqizo yendawo sabhalisa uphawu lwentengiso oluthi «屈乡».
    * **2012.** Ngokombiko, ngo-Agasti uphiko lwezolimo lwesifunda lwaqala ukulungisa isicelo, futhi ngonyaka ofanayo igama lathola ukubhaliswa kwesiqinisekiso sezolimo sokuma komhlaba; umnikazi — inhlangano yetiye yesifunda (秭归县茶叶协会).
    * **Ukuvuselelwa.** Ngokombiko ka-2018, onganikazi izinsuku, isimian cha esivuselelwe ngaphambilini sasenziwa kancane futhi kuphela esigodini sase-Jiuwanxi; ukuze kwandiswe umkhiqizo, isifunda saheha izinkampani ezinkulu kanye nama-cooperative futhi sakhuthaza izindawo zokusebenzela zendawo — ngo-2018 isimian cha sase sithengiswa ngamabhizinisi angaphezu kwekhulu.
    * **2014.** Ngokwe-reference ye-«Baidu Baike», izimboni zesimian cha kanye nezindawo zokusebenzela ezijoyinile zathenga kubalimi 3 million jin (1500 t) wamaqabunga amasha futhi zakhiqiza 750 thousand jin (375 t) wetiye elomile — 300 thousand jin «elidumile» (名优茶) kanye ne-450 thousand elijwayelekile; inani lomkhiqizo — 130 million yuan.
    * **2021.** Ngokwemibiko yabezindaba (Septhemba 2021), isifunda sathola isiqu esithi «中国丝绵茶之乡» — «izwe lase-China lesimian cha».
    * **2025.** Ngesimemezelo № 640 (esayinwe ngo-Julayi 16, sashicilelwa ngo-Agasti 13) i-State Intellectual Property Office yamukela imikhiqizo engu-1409 enesiqinisekiso sokuma komhlaba; i-Quxiang Simian Cha — umugqa 742, umfakisicelo — inhlangano efanayo.
    * **Imiklomelo.** Umbiko ubiza iziqu ezithi «湖北名牌产品», «湖北首届十佳旅游名茶», «宜昌市十大名茶» kanye nomklomelo wokuqala womncintiswano we-«中茶杯», kanye nesitifiketi se-«green product» (绿色食品), ngaphandle kweminyaka.
* **Igama:** «屈乡» — «izwe lokuzalwa lika-Qu Yuan»; «丝绵» — «ukotini kasilika». Ngokombiko, endaweni yase-Three Gorges «isihlahla sikasilika» (丝绵树) kubizwa isitshalo esithi 杜棕: ekugqashukeni kwegxolo lwaso kudonsa imicu, futhi iqabunga elisha lesimian cha ekudabukeni liziphatha ngendlela efanayo.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Ngokwedatha yehhovisi lezolimo lesifunda evela embikweni ka-2018, itiye — imboni yesibili yesifunda ngemuva kwama-orange e-navel: lilinywa emadolobhaneni angu-117 ezifundeni eziyi-12, e-110 thousand mu, umkhiqizo — 4200 t ngonyaka, inani lomkhiqizo — ngaphezu kwe-350 million yuan; cishe ingxenye ingeye-Quxiang Simian Cha. Izimakethe zokuthengisa umbiko uzibiza kanje: i-Beijing, i-Jiangsu, i-Shandong, i-Wuhan.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:**

* **I-cultivar:** Umthetho awuniki igama le-cultivar. Isitshalo esingumama — izihlahla zesizinda sesimian cha e-Caijiapo edolobhaneni lase-Jiuwanxi; zisakazwa ngama-clone (无性系繁育).
* **Izinto zokusetshenziswa:** Ngokombiko, imiqumbe ethambile enobude obungu-1,6–2,0 cm; ku-1 kg wetiye eliqediwe kusetshenziswa cishe imiqumbe engu-130 thousand.
* **Izinga lokuvuna:** Ngokomthetho, ingadi ivulwa lapho kusuke kwavuleka u-5% wemiqumbe ejwayelekile eyodwa; iqabunga livunwa ngokwehlukana ngokuthamba, ngaphandle kwamakhoba nezithelo, kaningi futhi ngeziqephu ezincane — kanjalo i-leafhopper (小绿叶蝉) inokudla okuncane.
* **Isikhathi sokuvuna:** Azikho izinsuku eziqondile emithonjeni etholakele.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokulima:**

* **Isifunda:** INtshonalanga ye-Hubei, zombili iziqongo zomhosha wase-Xiling; omakhelwane besifunda — isifunda sase-Yiling empumalanga, izifunda zase-Xingshan enyakatho, i-Badong entshonalanga kanye ne-Changyang eningizimu.
* **Ukwakheka komhlaba:** Izintaba ze-Wushan; ukuphakama kwesifunda — kusukela ku-40 kuya ku-2056 m, ngokwesilinganiso cishe 800 m. Izingadi, ngokombiko, zisekuphakameni kwe-600–1200 m.
* **Umhlabathi:** I-sandy loam, umhlabathi oseslate ensomi kanye ne-clay slate, ukuvunda okuphakathi, i-organic matter engu-0,5–2,1%, i-pH engu-5,5–5,6. Ezingadini umthetho udinga i-organic matter engaphezu kwe-1,5% kanye nongqimba olusebenzayo olujule ngaphezu kwe-60 cm.
* **Isimo sezulu:** I-subtropical yasenyakatho ye-continental monsoon. Izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi — 18 °C, uJanuwari — 6,4 °C, uJulayi — 28,9 °C; ukukhanya kwelanga — 1619,6 h, isikhathi esingenasithwathwa — ngaphezu kwezinsuku ezingama-300, imvula — 1000–1500 mm. Ezingadini umthetho ubeka izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi kwe-18–22 °C, ubuncane bungabi ngaphansi kwe-−2 °C futhi uJanuwari angabi ngaphezu kwe-7 °C.
* **Idamu:** Ngokombiko, ngemuva kokugcwaliswa kwedamu lase-Three Gorges iqabunga endaweni esezintabeni eziphakathi livuthwa cishe izinsuku ezingama-20 ngaphambi kwalokho kunomakhelwane ekuphakameni okufanayo.
* **Amasu ezolimo:** Umanyolo we-organic kanye ne-green manure; ngokumelene nezinambuzane — izicupho zokukhanya kanye ne-pheromone, izinyoni engadini, ama-biopreparat.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Umthetho ubeka imisebenzi eyishumi; kufanele kusetshenzwe ngokwe-«屈乡绿茶加工技术规范»:

1.  **Ukulungisa (摊青, *tānqīng*).**
2.  **Ukubulala (杀青, *shāqīng*).**
3.  **Ukusonga (揉捻, *róuniǎn*).**
4.  **Ukomiswa kwesibili (二青, *èrqīng*).**
5.  **Ukubumba (整形, *zhěngxíng*).**
6.  **Ukuphakamisa uboya (提毫, *tíháo*).**
7.  **Ukomiswa okuphindaphindiwe (复烘, *fùhōng*).**
8.  **Ukomiswa kokugcina nokuphakamisa iphunga (足干提香, *zúgān tíxiāng*).**
9.  **Ukususa imvuthuluka nokumaka (割末打标).**
10. **Ukukhetha (精选, *jīngxuǎn*).**

Amazinga okushisa kanye nobude besikhathi umthetho awukunikezi.

**6. Izici Ze-Organoleptic:**

Izidingo zomthetho wesiqinisekiso.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Ukusonga okuqinile, okuncane futhi okulinganayo okunezihloko ezibukhali, umbala we-emerald, enoboya obumhlophe obuvulekile (条索紧秀均匀，锋苗挺秀，色泽翠绿，白毫显露).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Akukho ncazelo ehlukile emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lokumnika:** Liphezulu futhi lihlala njalo, lihlanzekile (高香持久、清香纯正).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Okusha futhi okuvuselelayo, nokunambitheka okuphindaphindekayo okude (滋味鲜爽，回味绵长).
* **Umbala wokumnika:** Osobala futhi okhanyayo (汤色清澈明亮).
* **Izindebe zetiye (iqabunga eliphisiwe):** Kukhanya, kujabulisa iso (叶底明亮悦目).

Iqabunga elisha, ngokomthetho, lithambile futhi ekudabukeni libonisa «izinkulungwane zemicu esiliva» (断面银丝万缕).

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Izidingo ze-physicochemical zomthetho:

| Inkomba | Izinga |
| :--- | :--- |
| Ama-amino acid amahhala | okungenani 2,0 % |
| Umswakama | okungaphezu kwe-7,0 % |
| Umlotha ophelele | okungaphezu kwe-6,5 % |
| Imvuthuluka | okungaphezu kwe-5,0 % |
| I-fiber eluhlaza | okungaphezu kwe-10 % |
| Izinto ezikhiphekayo | okungenani 38 % |

Imigomo yezempilo — ngokwe-GB 2762 kanye ne-GB 2763. Lokhu yimigomo, hhayi izilinganiso zeqoqo elithile.

**8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:**

Akukho datha eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngqo.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wekilasi wetiye eliluhlaza.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g ku-150 ml.
* **Izitsha:** Ingilazi ekhanyayo noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Fudumeza izitsha.
    2. Faka itiye bese uthela amanzi ngasodongeni.
    3. Ukumnika kokuqala — ngemuva kwemizuzwana engama-40–60.
    4. Phuza, ushiya ingxenye yokumnika.
    5. Thela amanzi futhi.
    6. Ukuphindaphinda kabili noma kathathu.

**10. Ukugcina:**

Umkhuba wekilasi. Emphatheni ovaliwe, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama kanye namaphunga; phuza phakathi nonyaka.

**11. Intengo kanye Nokukodwa:**

Awekho amanani etiye eliqediwe emithonjeni etholakele. Ngokombiko ka-2018, intengo yokuthenga yeqabunga elisha endaweni yesimian cha isiqongweni yayingaphezu kwe-220 yuan ngekhilogremu.

* **Indlela yokugwema okungelona iqiniso:**
    * Bheka uphawu lwesiqinisekiso sokuma komhlaba eduze kwegama lomkhiqizo; umkhiqizi wasendaweni ulubeka ngemvume yomnikazi.
    * Kusukela ngo-2025 kukhona futhi uphawu lomkhiqizo onesiqinisekiso sokuma komhlaba: umkhiqizi wasendaweni ufaka isicelo ehhovisi lendawo lezobunikazi bengqondo, sihlolwa yihhovisi lesifundazwe sase-Hubei, sigunyazwa futhi sishicilelwa yi-State Intellectual Property Office.
    * Hlola ukuthi umkhiqizi ungomunye wamadolobhana noma izifunda eziyishumi nanye zesifunda sase-Zigui.
    * Iqabunga — ukusonga okuncane kwe-emerald okunoboya obumhlophe.
    * Ungadidanisi igama elivikelwe nophawu lwentengiso oluyimfihlo oluthi «九畹丝绵茶»: ngokombiko, lwabhaliswa ngo-2009 yinkampani yasedolobhaneni lase-Jiuwanxi, futhi ngo-2018 uphawu lwaqashelwa njengolwaziwayo (驰名商标).

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Igama letiye, ngokwenganekwane, lanikezwa yinkosi, futhi uphawu ekudabukeni kweqabunga luchazwa ngokuqhathanisa negxolo le-«sihlahla sikasilika» sendawo.
* Umthetho udinga uJanuwari angabi ngaphezu kwe-7 °C, kodwa wona ngokwawo ubeka isilinganiso sikaJanuwari sesifunda — 6,4 °C.
* Izihlahla ezingumama zesesiqinisekiso zikhula e-Caijiapo — lapho, ngokwenganekwane, kwakuyizwe lokuzalwa lika-Li Gaoyong.

**13. Ukuqhathanisa Namanye Amatiye:**

* **Sanxia Longjing ([三峡龙井](https://thetea.app/zu/article/sanxia-long-jing)):** Itiye eliluhlaza eliyisicaba lesifunda sase-Yichang, indawo yalo ifaka phakathi i-Zigui.
* **Xiazhou Bifeng ([峡州碧峰](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xiazhou-bifeng)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda esingumakhelwane sase-Yiling.
* **Xingshan Baicha ([兴山白茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xingshan-baicha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza le-cultivar enamaqabunga akhanyayo yesifunda esingumakhelwane sase-Xingshan.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Quxiang Simian Cha — itiye eliluhlaza lomhosha wase-Xiling, igama lalo lihlanganisa u-Qu Yuan kanye nenganekwane ngo-Jiaqing. Umthetho ulichaza ngokuningiliziwe: amadolobhana ayishumi nanye, isitshalo esingumama sase-Caijiapo, imisebenzi eyishumi, ukusonga kwe-emerald okunoboya kanye nephunga eliphakeme elihlanzekile. Futhi igama lanikezwa uphawu: iqabunga elisha elidabukile lidonsa imicu esiliva.