---
title: "Qīshè chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/qishe-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Qīshè chá (七舍茶)

**Qīshè Chá** (*Qīshè chá*, 七舍茶) itiye lasentabeni lasedolobhaneni laseQīshè (七舍镇) kanye namanye amayunithi amathathu eningizimu-ntshonalanga yesifunda sedolobha saseXīngyì (兴义市) esifundazweni esizimele saseQiánxīnán-Bùyī-Miáozú, esifundazweni saseGuìzhōu. Igama lekilasi alishiwongo, kodwa izidingo zomkhiqizo ovikelwe zichaza ubuchwepheshe betiye eliluhlaza, ngaphandle kwe-oxidation nokuthungwa. Ngokombhalo, izingadi zisendaweni ephakeme ngo-1500–2100 m. Edolobhaneni laseGéshàng (革上村) kusekhona iqembu lezihlahla zetiye ezindala, i-institute yetiye yesifundazwe yalihlukanisa njengomphakathi wendawo wohlobo lwasendle lwe-dàchǎngchá (大厂茶). Kusukela ngoDisemba 2017, iQīshè Chá ivikelwa njengomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*). Isimemezelo sokuvikelwa asisho ikilasi. Isiphetho sisuselwa ohlelweni lobuchwepheshe olusezidingweni zomkhiqizo: 摊青, 杀青, 摊凉, 揉捻, 做形, 干燥. Akukho oxidation, ukuthungwa (闷黄) noma ukuphendula kuyo. Ukushicilelwa kwango-2024 nakho kuthi amaqabunga ezihlahla ezindala zaseQīshè enza itiye eliluhlaza.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye eliluhlaza lasentabeni eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeGuìzhōu; umkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo (2017).
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe saseGuìzhōu (贵州, *Guìzhōu*), isifunda esizimele saseQiánxīnán-Bùyī-Miáozú (黔西南, *Qiánxīnán*), isifunda sedolobha saseXīngyì (兴义, *Xīngyì*).
* **Indawo evikelwe:** Ngokwesimemezelo, imingcele yamanje yokuphatha yamayunithi amane aseXīngyì: amadolobhana aseQīshè (七舍镇), Pěngzhà (捧乍镇), Jìngnán (敬南镇) kanye nesigodi saseZhūchǎngpíng (猪场坪乡).
* **Izixhumanisi zokuma:** Idolobhana laseQīshè, cishe 25° enyakatho kanye no-104° empumalanga (ngokwencazelo eyireferensi).

**2. Umlando kanye nokubaluleka kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Imibhalo ebhaliwe.** Incazelo eyireferensi ithi itiye laseQīshè kukhulunywa ngalo ku-《兴义府志》 naku-《滇黔纪游》. Le mibhalo uqobo angizange ngiyibone.
    * **1981.** Ngokushicilelwa kweGuìzhōu Radio and Television kwango-2024, ngoMeyi 1981 uchwepheshe we-institute yetiye yesifundazwe wathola iqembu lezihlahla zetiye ezindala eqenjini laseZhǐchǎng (纸厂组) ledolobhana laseGéshàng futhi wazithwebula izithombe.
    * **2012.** Ngokwalolo shicilelo, ochwepheshe beGuìzhōu Tea Institute (贵州省茶科所) baphinde bahlola izihlahla futhi bazihlukanisa njengomphakathi wendawo wohlobo lwasendle i-dàchǎngchá, lapho insika yepistil ihlukaniswe yaba izicubu ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu.
    * **Imiklomelo.** Ngokwencazelo eyireferensi: 2009, indondo yegolide ye-“Famous Tea of China” kuShanghai International Tea Culture Festival; 2013, umklomelo wokuqala womncintiswano wesifundazwe we-“Qiánchá bēi” (黔茶杯); 2016, umklomelo okhethekile (特等奖); umncintiswano awushiwongo encazelweni.
    * **2017.** I-General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (AQSIQ) ngesimemezelo sango-2017 No. 108 yathatha iQīshè Chá ngaphansi kwesivikelo njengomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo. Isimemezelo sisayinwe mhla ziyisi-8 kuDisemba 2017; ematiyeni aseGuìzhōu kuso kukhona futhi iJiǔcéngshān Chá (九层山茶) kanye neQínglóng Lǜchá ([晴隆绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qinglong-lucha)).
* **Igama:** “Qīshè” (七舍) yigama ledolobhana, inhliziyo yendawo evikelwe. Imvelaphi yetoponym uqobo ayitholakali emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Incazelo eyireferensi ithi itiye eQīshè belitshalwa kusukela kudala futhi esikhathini esedlule belaziwa kakhulu; obunye ubufakazi ngaphandle kwalezi zincwadi ezimbili ezingenhla abunikwanga.

**3. Incazelo yezitshalo kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Izinhlobo ngokombhalo:** Imiphakathi yendawo yamaqabunga amancane naphakathi (当地中小叶[群体种](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qunti-zhong)), kanye nezinhlobo zeMéizhàn (梅占), Báiyè 1 (白叶1号), Qiánchá 1 (黔茶1号), Qiánchá 8 (黔茶8号), Fúdǐng dàbáichá (福鼎大白茶) kanye neLóngjǐng 43 (龙井43).
* **Isihlahla sendawo:** Izincazelo eziyireferensi zihlukanisa isihlahla sendawo saseQīshè njengohlobo oluyisisekelo kakhulu: ama-catechin alula kuwo maningi kunalawo e-esterified. Siyakwazi ukumelana nesithwathwa futhi, ngokwalezi zincazelo, sihlala siluhlaza ku-−7…−8 °C.
* **Izihlahla ezindala:** Eqenjini laseZhǐchǎng, ngokushicilelwa kwango-2024, kukhula izihlahla ezindala ezingaba namakhulu amabili. Phakathi kwazo kunezine-ovary (四球) kanye nezihlanu-ovary eziyivelakancane, “五室茶”, noma “五球茶”. Ukushicilelwa kubiza ukuthi zineminyaka eyinkulungwane, kodwa nakho kuyavuma ukuthi iminyaka kanye nobubanzi bensimu endala kusamele kuqinisekiswe.
* **Ukuvuna:** Entwasahlobo, kusukela maphakathi noMashi kuze kube sekuqaleni kukaMeyi; ehlobo, kusukela ekupheleni kukaMeyi kuze kube sekuqaleni kuka-Agasti.
* **Izinga lokuvuna:** Entwasahlobo, iqabunga elilodwa kuphela, iqabunga elilodwa elivulekayo kanye neqabunga elilodwa, amaqabunga amabili avulekayo kuphela. Ehlobo, kunezelwa iqabunga elilodwa elinamaqabunga amathathu avulekayo kuphela.
* **Izidingo zokutshala:** Ukusabalalisa ngama-cuttings, ukuminyana kwezitshalo ezingama-45–50 eziyinkulungwane ngehektha.

**4. I-terroir kanye nezici zokutshala:**

* **Ukuphakama kokukhula:** **1500–2100 m**, ngokwezidingo zomkhiqizo. Incazelo eyireferensi inikeza idolobhana laseQīshè ukuphakama okuphakathi nendawo ngo-1880 m kanye nendawo ephakeme kakhulu ngo-2207.5 m. Ukushicilelwa kwango-2024 kukhuluma ngensimu endala entabeni iBáilóngshān (白龙山) endaweni ephakeme kuno-2200 m.
* **Inhlabathi:** I-yellow noma i-yellow-brown (黄壤、黄棕壤); i-pH 4.5–6.5; izinto eziphilayo ezingekho ngaphansi kwe-1.0 %; ukujula kongqimba lwenhlabathi okungekho ngaphansi kwama-40 cm, konke ngokombhalo.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Ngokwencazelo eyireferensi, unyaka wonke kunomswakama futhi kunenkungu: izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi nendawo ngu-14.5 °C, imvula icishe ibe ngu-1600 mm ngonyaka, ukuminyana kwehlathi kungaphezu kwama-48 %.
* **Ububanzi bezingadi:** Ngokwencazelo eyireferensi, edolobhaneni laseQīshè kunama-mu angama-24.5 ezinkulungwane wezingadi zetiye, esifundeni sonke sedolobha saseXīngyì, ama-mu angama-79 ezinkulungwane. Unyaka lapho lezi zinombolo zibhekisela kuwo awushiwongo.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza:**

Izidingo zomkhiqizo zibeka ubuchwepheshe obunemingcele, lokhu kuyincazelo yeQīshè Chá ngokwayo, hhayi uhlelo olujwayelekile lwekilasi.

1.  **Ukuhlukaniswa kweqabunga elisha (摊青, *tānqīng*):** Isendlalelo esingu-1–5 cm, amahora ama-5–10.
2.  **Ukulungisa (杀青, *shāqīng*):** 180–200 °C, imizuzu emi-2–6. Ukulungisa kubhekwa njengokwanele lapho umbala weqabunga ushintsha usuka kokuluhlaza okusha uye kokuluhlaza okumnyama, iqabunga liba lithambile futhi kuvela iphunga elimsulwa.
3.  **Ukupholisa (摊凉, *tānliáng*):** Isendlalelo esingu-2–3 cm, imizuzu eyi-10–20.
4.  **Ukusonga (揉捻, *róuniǎn*):** Imizuzu eyi-12–25.
5.  **Ukubumba (做形, *zuòxíng*):** Ngokwesimo esidingekayo, itiye eliyisicaba, i-“máofēng” eqondile ([毛峰](https://thetea.app/zu/article/maofengcha), *máofēng*) noma eligoqekile.
6.  **Ukomisa (干燥, *gānzào*):** Ngamahlandla amabili noma amathathu, kuze kube umswakama ongekho ngaphezu kwe-7.0 %.

**6. Izici ze-organoleptic:**

Le ncazelo engezansi ivela ezidingweni zomkhiqizo ovikelwe.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** “Izintambo” eziminyene nezilinganayo ezinoboya obubonakalayo (条索紧实、匀整，显毫); umbala, oluhlaza okunsundu (褐绿), ongajwayelekile etiyeni eliluhlaza.
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Ayikho incazelo ehlukile; umbhalo ubiza iphunga ngokuthi lihlala isikhathi eside (香气持久), ngaphandle kokucacisa ukuthi liqabunga elomile noma umhluzo.
* **Iphunga lomhluzo:** Lihlala isikhathi eside (香气持久); emlonyeni, iphunga elimsulwa (口感清香).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kunoshukela, kumnandi, kusha futhi kuvuselela (滋味甘怡鲜爽).
* **Umbala womhluzo:** Umsulwa, obala futhi okhanyayo (汤色清澈明亮).
* **Izinsalela zetiye (iqabunga elisetshenzisiwe):** Kuphuzi-luhlaza futhi kulingene (叶底黄绿匀整).

Izincazelo eziyireferensi zetiye lesihlahla sendawo zibonisa ukubukeka okuhlukile: umhluzo ugcwele futhi ukhanya, ukunambitheka kumsulwa futhi kuhambisana, kunobuhlungu obuncane; kukhulunywa nangephunga le-caramel.

**7. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali:**

Izidingo zefiziksi namakhemikhali zeQīshè Chá:

| Isinkomba | Izinga |
| :--- | :--- |
| Umswakama | ongekho ngaphezu kwe-7.0 % |
| I-aqueous extract | ongekho ngaphansi kwe-38.0 % |
| Umlotha ophelele | ongekho ngaphezu kwe-6.5 % |
| I-crude fiber | ongekho ngaphezu kwe-14.0 % |

Awekho amazinga e-polyphenols embhalweni, nakuba amanye amatiye amabili aseGuìzhōu asesimemezelweni esifanayo enawo (angekho ngaphansi kwe-13.0 %).

**8. Izakhiwo eziwusizo:**

Ayikho idatha eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngokwalo.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wekilasi wetiye eliluhlaza.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g ku-150 ml.
* **Izitsha:** Ingilazi yengilazi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Fudumeza izitsha.
    2. Faka itiye bese uthela amanzi ngasemgqonyeni.
    3. Umhluzo wokuqala, ngemva kwemizuzwana engama-40–60.
    4. Phuza, ushiya ingxenye yomhluzo.
    5. Thela amanzi futhi.
    6. Ukuthela okuphindwe kabili noma kathathu.

**10. Ukugcina:**

Umkhuba wekilasi. Ephepheni elivalekile, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama kanye namaphunga. Kungcono ukuphuzwa phakathi nonyaka.

**11. Intengo kanye nama-fake:**

Ayikho idatha yezintengo emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Ugwema kanjani ama-fake:**
    * Bheka uphawu olukhethekile lomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo. Ngokwesimemezelo sango-2017, isicelo sokulusebenzisa umkhiqizi usithumela kubaphathi bokuqapha imakethe besifunda sedolobha saseXīngyì.
    * Qinisekisa ukuthi itiye lenziwe emadolobhaneni aseQīshè, Pěngzhà, Jìngnán noma esigodini saseZhūchǎngpíng.
    * Iqabunga, liminyene, linoboya, luhlaza okunsundu; umhluzo, ubalile futhi ukhanya.

**12. Amaqiniso athakazelisayo:**

* Ngaphansi kwegama elilodwa elivikelwe, umbhalo uvumela izinhlobo ezintathu zesimo seqabunga.
* Eqenjini elilodwa lezihlahla ezindala zaseGéshàng kukhula zombili izihlahla ezine-ovary kanye nezinhlanu-ovary eziyivelakancane.

**13. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiye aseGuìzhōu:**

* **Qínglóng Lǜchá (晴隆绿茶):** Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda esizimele esifanayo, elivikelwe yisimemezelo esifanayo. Izingadi ziphansi, ngo-1100–1700 m; ebuchwephesheni kukhona ukufudumeza okuhlukile kwephunga (提香, *tíxiāng*), futhi emazingeni, ama-polyphenols angekho ngaphansi kwe-13.0 %.
* **Jiǔcéng Shān Lǜ Chá ([九层山绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/jiuceng-shan-lucha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda esikhethekile saseLiùzhī esifundeni sedolobha saseLiùpánshuǐ; isimemezelo esifanayo sathatha ngaphansi kwesivikelo igama elithi 九层山茶. Ukuphakama ngokombhalo, 1000–1500 m.
* **Pǔ'ān Sìqiú Chá ([普安四球茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/pu-an-siqiu-cha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda sasePǔ'ān sesifunda esizimele esifanayo elenziwe ngamaqabunga etiye eline-ovary ezine; izihlahla ezine-ovary ezine zikhona futhi phakathi kwezihlahla ezindala zaseQīshè.

**Ekuphetheni:**

IQīshè Chá itiye eliluhlaza lasentabeni eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeGuìzhōu elinezingadi eziku-1500–2100 m, lapho eduze kokutshalwa kwezinhlobo ezikhethiwe kumi izihlahla ezindala zomphakathi wasendle we-dàchǎngchá. Umbhalo wango-2017 uchaza kabanzi: ukuvuna kusuka eqabungeni elilodwa, ukulungisa ku-180–200 °C, izimo ezintathu, iqabunga eliluhlaza okunsundu elinoboya, umhluzo obalile kanye nokunambitheka okunoshukela nokusha. Iminyaka yezihlahla kanye nemibhalo yaziwa kuphela ngezincazelo zesibili.