---
title: "Qínglóng lǜchá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/qinglong-lucha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Qínglóng lǜchá (晴隆绿茶)

**Qinglong Lücha** (*Qínglóng lǜchá*, 晴隆绿茶) — itiye eliluhlaza lasesifundeni saseQinglong (晴隆县) eQianxinan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture eningizimu-ntshonalanga yesifundazwe saseGuizhou. Amasimu alele ekuphakameni okungu-1100–1700 m, endaweni enobubanzi obuphansi, futhi ngokwezincazelo zendawo ukuqoqwa kwentwasahlobo kokuqala lapha kuqala emasontweni amathathu kuya kwayisithupha ngaphambi kwezinye izindawo eziningi. Izidingo zomkhiqizo zichaza izinhlobo ezimbili — egobile kanye neyisicaba. Isifunda saziwa futhi ngokutholwa kwango-1980: entabeni iYuntou Dashan, emngceleni wesifunda esingumakhelwane sasePu'an, kwatholakala imbewu eyisidala yembewu yesitshalo setiye. Kusukela ngo-2017 iQinglong Lücha ivikelwe njengomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*) — isigaba siqanjwe egameni ngokwalo futhi siqinisekiswa ubuchwepheshe: ukulungisa, ukusonga noma ukucabanga, ukomisa.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye eliluhlaza lasezintabeni eziphakeme laseGuizhou eningizimu-ntshonalanga; umkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo (2017).
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe saseGuizhou (贵州, *Guìzhōu*), iQianxinan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (黔西南, *Qiánxīnán*), isifunda saseQinglong (晴隆, *Qínglóng*).
* **Indawo yokuvikelwa:** Amayunithi ayishumi nane esifunda: amakomidi emigwaqo iLiancheng (莲城) kanye neDongguan (东观), amadolobhana iZhongying (中营), iHuagong (花贡), iChama (茶马), iGuangzhao (光照), iJichang (鸡场), iShazi (沙子), iBihen (碧痕) kanye neDachang (大厂), izigodi iChangliu (长流), iAngu (安谷) kanye neZima (紫马) kanye neSanbao Yi National Township (三宝彝族乡).
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** Azikho izixhumanisi zendawo yokuvikelwa emibhalweni etholakele; ngokwemininingwane kahulumeni wesifunda, isifunda siphakathi kuka-25°33′ no-26°11′ enyakatho nobubanzi kanye naphakathi kuka-105°01′ no-105°25′ empumalanga nobude.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Imbewu eyisidala.** NgokweGuizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, ngomhlaka 13 Julayi 1980 iqembu leTea Institute yayo, elifunda izihlahla zetiye zasendle zesifundazwe, lathola entabeni iYuntou Dashan (云头大山) emngceleni wezifunda zaseQinglong nasePu'an imbewu eyisidala; eminye imibhalo ithi ukutholwa kwenziwa yisazi sezolimo esiphezulu sohulumeni wesifunda. I-Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology ye-Chinese Academy of Sciences yayihlonza njengembewu yetiye elinamabhola amane (四球茶) yenkathi ye-late Tertiary, eneminyaka engaba yizigidi ezingu-1.64; izincazelo eziyisethenjwa zibhala ngomngcele weTertiary neQuaternary nangenkathi "yeminyaka engaphezu kwesigidi". I-Xinhua ibiza iQinglong njengokuphela kwendawo emhlabeni lapho kwatholakala khona isidala esinjalo; isifunda esingumakhelwane sasePu'an naso sibhekisela kulokhu kutholwa, ngoba intaba isemngceleni wezifunda ezimbili.
    * **Imnyuziyamu.** Isifunda sakha inhlanganisela yemnyuziyamu eduze kwendawo yokutholwa.
    * **2010–2011.** Uphawu lwezohwebo lwendawo № 8685710 lwetiye; umnikazi — iQinglong County Tea Industry Association (晴隆县茶叶产业协会). Eminye imibiko yabezindaba ibeka unyaka ka-2010, eminye ithi uphawu lwabhaliswa ngoMashi 2011.
    * **2017.** I-General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine ngomemezelo № 108 yathatha iQinglong Lücha ngaphansi kokuvikelwa njengomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo futhi yagunyaza izidingo zawo; ngokwemibiko yabezindaba, ukuvikelwa kusebenza kusukela ngomhlaka 8 Disemba 2017.
    * **2025.** I-State Intellectual Property Office ngesaziso yaqinisekisa ilungelo labakhiqizi lophawu olukhethekile lwendawo.
* **Igama:** «Qinglong» (晴隆) — igama lesifunda; «lücha» (绿茶) — itiye eliluhlaza.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Isifunda sithuthukisa itiye ngefomula yezinhlamvu ezine — «lasendulo, lakuqala, lihlanzekile, linephunga elimnandi» (古、早、净、香). «Lasendulo» — izihlahla eziningi zetiye ezindala kanye nembewu eyisidala; «lakuqala» — ukuqoqwa kusukela ezinsukwini ezingu-20 kuya kwezingu-40 ngaphambi kwezinye izindawo ngenxa yokuphakama nobubanzi obuphansi; «lihlanzekile» — ukulawulwa kwezibulala-zinambuzane; «linephunga elimnandi» — ithoni ye-orchid.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Izinhlobo / Ama-cultivar:** Izidingo zibiza iFuding dabai (福鼎大白, *Fúdǐng dàbái*), iLongjing 43 (龙井43, *Lóngjǐng 43*) kanye nezinhlobo zendabuko zendawo.
* **Ukuqoqwa:** Izinkathi ezimbili — kusukela ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari kuze kube sekupheleni kuka-Ephreli nokusukela ekuqaleni kukaJulayi kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba.
* **Izinga lokuqoqwa:** Ihlumela elilodwa, ihlumela elineqabunga elilodwa elisanda kuvuleka, ihlumela elinamaqabunga amabili asanda kuvuleka.
* **Izidingo zezinto zokusetshenziswa:** Izihlahla zisakazwa ngezinqamuleli; zitshalwa kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya kuFebhuwari, kungabi ngaphezu kwezitshalo ezingu-60 000 ngehektha elilodwa; minyaka yonke kufakwa okungenani amathani angu-25 omquba ophilayo otheniwe ngehektha elilodwa.

**4. I-terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** INingizimu-ntshonalanga yeGuizhou, izintaba ezihlangene nesifunda sasePu'an.
* **Ukuphakama kokutshala:** **1100–1700 m** — ngokwezidingo zomkhiqizo.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Ngokwencazelo eyisethenjwa — isimo sezulu esipholile nesinomswakama sezintaba eziphakeme se-subtropical monsoon: izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi cishe ngu-14 °C, imvula engu-1500–1650 mm, amahora elanga acishe abe ngu-1462 ngonyaka, izinsuku ezingaba ngu-320 ezingenasithwathwa. Indawo yesifunda — izintaba zekarst ezijulile, kusukela ku-543 kuya ku-2025 m.
* **Inhlabathi:** Inhlabathi ephuzi noma ephuzi-nsundu, i-pH 4.5–6.5, izinto eziphilayo okungenani 1.5 %, ugqinsi lwesendlalelo okungenani 50 cm.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Izidingo zomkhiqizo zichaza amaketanga amabili:

* **Itiye eliyisicaba:** ukuvutshelwa → ukulungisa → ukucabanga → ukubumba → ukomisa → ukufudumeza ngenxa yephunga.
* **Itiye eligobile:** ukuvutshelwa → ukulungisa → ukusonga → ukubumba → ukomisa → ukufudumeza ngenxa yephunga.

Imingcele yezigaba:

1.  **Ukuvutshelwa (摊青, *tānqīng*):** Ngendwengu engu-2–10 cm, amahora angu-3–6.
2.  **Ukulungisa (杀青, *shāqīng*):** Ku-180–240 °C, imizuzu engu-2–5.
3.  **Ukucabanga (理条, *lǐtiáo*)** — kwetiye eliyisicaba: ku-120–150 °C, imizuzu engu-2–5.
4.  **Ukusonga (揉捻, *róuniǎn*)** — kwetiye eligobile: okungenani u-80 % weqabunga kufanele kusongwe kube yintambo.
5.  **Ukubumba (做形, *zuòxíng*):** Ngokwehlukana kwesimo esiyisicaba nesigobile; izidingo azinikezi imingcele.
6.  **Ukomisa (干燥, *gānzào*):** Ngokuthathu noma kabili, kuze kube ngumswakama ongaphezu kuka-7 %.
7.  **Ukufudumeza ngenxa yephunga (提香, *tíxiāng*):** Ku-60–100 °C, amahora angu-1.5–2.

**6. Izici Zokuzwa:**

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Eligobile — liminyene, lincane, lisontekile; umbala ulingana, uluhlaza omanzi (紧细卷曲；色泽匀整润绿). Eliyisicaba — liyisicaba futhi libushelelezi, linoboya obubonakalayo, lilingana; umbala uluhlaza omanzi (扁平光滑，显毫、匀整；色泽润绿).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lotshwala:** Eligobile — linothile futhi lihlala isikhathi eside (浓郁、持久). Eliyisicaba — lihlanzekile (纯正). Izincazelo zendawo zikhuluma ngethoni encane ye-orchid.
* **Ukunambitheka:** Eligobile — lithambile futhi ligcwele, lisha futhi linothile (醇厚、鲜浓). Eliyisicaba — lisha futhi lithambile, limnandi, liwugqinsi (鲜醇、味甘、浓厚).
* **Umbala wotshwala:** Eligobile — luphuzi-luhlaza futhi lukhanya (黄绿明亮). Eliyisicaba — luphuzi, lukhanya futhi lusobala (黄亮透明).
* **Igqabi letiye elibilisiwe:** Akuchazwanga ezidingweni zomkhiqizo; azikho ezinye izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Izidingo zomzimba namakhemikhali zomkhiqizo:

| Isibonakaliso | Isidingo |
| :--- | :--- |
| Umswakama | okungenani 7.0 % |
| Umlotha ophelele | okungenani 7.0 % |
| Izinto ezikhishwayo | okungenani 38.0 % |
| Ama-polyphenol etiye | okungenani 13.0 % |

Lezi yizindlela zokuvunyelwa, hhayi ukwakheka okulinganisiwe. Ayikho imininingwane ngama-amino acid ne-caffeine emithonjeni etholakele.

**8. Izinzuzo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngokwalo.

**9. Ukwenza Itiye:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85 °C; kwetiye eligobile eliminyene kungenzeka kuze kufike ku-90 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g nge-150 ml.
* **Izitsha:** Ingilazi yengilazi ngetiye eliyisicaba, i-gaiwan emhlophe ngetiye eligobile.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Fudumeza izitsha.
    2. Faka itiye bese uthela amanzi ngasodongeni.
    3. Ukunambitheka kokuqala — imizuzwana engu-40–60.
    4. Phuza, ushiye ingxenye yotshwala.
    5. Thela amanzi futhi.
    6. Ukuthela kabili noma kathathu kabusha.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Ephasheni elivalekile, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama namaphunga angaphandle. Itiye lasentwasahlobo lokuqala lixabisekile ngokusha, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuliphuza phakathi nonyaka.

**11. Intengo kanye Nemikhiqizo Yomgunyathi:**

Ayikho imininingwane ngezintengo emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Indlela yokugwema imikhiqizo yomgunyathi:**
    * Bheka uphawu lwendawo.
    * Hlola ukuthi umkhiqizi usesinye sezindawo eziyishumi nane zesifunda saseQinglong.
    * Qhathanisa isimo nezidingo: eligobile — lincane futhi lisontekile, utshwala buphuzi-luhlaza; eliyisicaba — libushelelezi, linoboya, utshwala buphuzi futhi busobala.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Imbewu eyisidala yesitshalo setiye saseQinglong ihlonzwe njengembewu yetiye elinamabhola amane lenkathi ye-late Tertiary.
* Imbewu ayitholakalanga ngokumba, kodwa ngokuhlolwa kwezihlahla zetiye zasendle entabeni iYuntou Dashan.
* Endaweni yokuvikelwa kukhona idolobhana iChama (茶马) — «itiye namahhashi».
* Izidingo zivumela izinkathi ezimbili zokuqoqwa — zasentwasahlobo kusukela ngoFebhuwari kanye nezasehlobo-ekwindla kusukela ngoJulayi kuya kuSepthemba.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa Namatiye Angomakhelwane:**

* **Pu'an Gushu Lü ([普安古树绿](https://thetea.app/zu/article/puan-gushu-lu)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda esingumakhelwane sasePu'an elivela ezihlahleni ezindala, nalo lakuqala; imbewu eyisidala evela entabeni emngceleni wezifunda ezimbili ibalwa futhi ezincazelweni zasePu'an.
* **Pu'an Hongcha ([普安红茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/puan-hongcha)):** Itiye elibomvu lesifunda sasePu'an.
* **Guizhou Lücha ([贵州绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/guizhou-lucha)):** Igama lesifundazwe letiye eliluhlaza laseGuizhou — izinga elibanzi kunegama lesifunda saseQinglong.

**Ekuphetheni:**

IQinglong Lücha — itiye eliluhlaza lasezintabeni eziphakeme lasekuqaleni laseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeGuizhou: amasimu ku-1100–1700 m, ukuqoqwa kusukela ekuqaleni kukaFebhuwari, izinhlobo ezimbili — egobile enephunga elinothile nelihlala isikhathi eside kanye neyisicaba enephunga elihlanzekile nokunambitheka okumnandi okuwugqinsi. Ngemva kwayo kunembewu eyisidala yango-1980, lapho isifunda sakha khona umlando waso wetiye, futhi kusukela ngo-2017 — nokuvikelwa komkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo.