---
title: "Pǔ'ān gǔshù lǜ"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/puan-gushu-lu
lang: zu
updated: 2026-07-19
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Pǔ'ān gǔshù lǜ (普安古树绿)

Ithiyela eliluhlaza elivela engxenyeni eseningizimu-ntshonalanga yeGuizhou, ephuma emakethe ngaphambi kwanoma yimaphi amanye amathiyela amaningi eChina futhi incike eqoqweni lemvelo eliyingqayizivele lezihlahla zetiye ezindala — *Pǔ'ān gǔshù lǜ* (普安[古树](https://thetea.app/zu/article/gushu-dashu-taidi-yesheng)绿) ihlanganisa izindikimba ezimbili: "umsuka wasendulo" kanye "nokuvunwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi".

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nomsuka:**

*   **Uhlobo:** itiye eliluhlaza (elingavutshiwe).
*   **Isigaba:** ingeyesigaba samathiyela aluhlaza aseChina futhi, njenganoma iliphi itiye eliluhlaza, ilandela imithetho ejwayelekile yalesi sigaba mayelana nezinto ezingavuthiwe, ubuchwepheshe kanye nokungabikho kokuvutshelwa.
*   **Umsuka:** Isifunda sasePu'an (普安县) esifundeni esizibusayo saseQianxinan Buyei and Miao (黔西南) entshonalanga yesifundazwe saseGuizhou. Isifunda sezintaba saseYunnan-Guizhou Plateau.
*   **Izinga:** Alilungile ukunikeza inombolo ye-GB/T kazwelonke "eqanjwe ngegama" ethile yalesi sitayela sesifunda — le nkombandlela imiswa ngokuyinhloko ngomsuka wendawo (Pu'an, Guizhou) kanye nezimpawu zezinto ezingavuthiwe (izihlahla zasendulo, ukuvunwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi), hhayi ngezinga lomkhiqizo elaziwa kabanzi elisezingeni "lamatiye ayishumi" aziwayo.
*   **Ingxenye Yomkhiqizo:** emaphakathi kuya phezulu — akuwona umkhiqizo omningi othenjisiwe, kodwa futhi akuyona into eyiqoqo elilodwa.

Kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa izingxenye ngaphakathi kwegama elifanayo: "gushu" (古树, okuvela ezihlahleni ezindala) kanye "nokuphangwa" (早茶) — lezi yizinto ezigxile ezintweni ezimbili ezihlukene kodwa ezingafani. Owokuqala ugcizelela umsuka wezinto ezingavuthiwe, owesibili — ukuvuthwa kwekhalenda kwangaphambi kwesikhathi.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

Amandla amasiko asePu'an asekujuleni komlando wetiye wendawo. Isikhundla "somngcele wezihlahla zetiye zasendulo" (古茶树之乡) sincike eqoqweni lemvelo lamandulo letiye elilondoloziwe lapha kanye nezitshalo ezindala; yilokhu kuxhumana "nezimpande" zesitshalo setiye okwakha ubunikazi bendawo kanye nohlobo lomkhiqizo.

Isisekelo sesibili wukuvuthwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi. Ekhalendeni letiye laseChina, iPu'an iba ngomunye wabahlinzeki bokuqala betiye eliluhlaza lasentwasahlobo: "itiye langaphambi kwesikhathi" (早茶) lapha akulona ilebula lokuthengisa, kodwa inzuzo yangempela yokuncintisana, lapho amaqoqo okuqala etholakala emakethe kanti izindawo zakudala zasempumalanga zisazovuka. Leli "tiye langaphambi kwesikhathi" — liyinkomba yokuphumelela kwezomnotho kanye nedumela lesifunda, elibeka ezingeni elilodwa nezikhungo zangaphambi kwesikhathi ezifana neYibin eSichuan. Emnothweni wendawo, inhlanganisela "yakudala neyokuqala" ibe yisisekelo sephrofayli eyaziwayo.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe:**

Esisekelweni sePu'an Gushu Lü kunemithombo emibili yezinto ezingavuthiwe exhunyiwe:

*   ***sìqiú gǔchá*** (四球古茶) — okokusebenza kwetiye lendawo lasendulo, okunikeze le nkombandlela igama layo futhi okubonisa iqoqo lemvelo elindala, "lasendle" ngomsuka lwalo.
*   **Izinhlobo zendawo** ([群体种](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qunti-zhong)) — izitshalo zendabuko ezihlwanyelwe ngembewu, ezihlukene ngokwezakhi zofuzo futhi ezijwayele kahle izimo zendawo.

Okokusebenza okunjalo kubaluleke ngenxa yokungalingani kwako: amaqabunga avela ezihlahleni ezindala kanye nasezinhlobonhlobeni zembewu anikeza ukugxilisa okujulile, okunothe kanye nephunga eliyinkimbinkimbi, ngokungafani nephrofayli elinganayo kodwa "eyisicaba" yama-clone.

**4. Indawo kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

*   **Indawo:** isifunda sezintaba saseYunnan-Guizhou Plateau esinenhlanganisela yeGuizhou eseningizimu yendawo ephansi, ukuphakama okuphawulekayo, inkungu evamile kanye nokukhanya okusakazekile — izimo zakudala zokukhula kancane, okunephunga leqabunga letiye.
*   **Iqoqo Lemvelo:** isici esibalulekile sasePu'an — idumela layo "njengomngcele wezihlahla zetiye zasendulo" (古茶树之乡). Lapha, iqoqo lemvelo lakudala letiye lilondolozwe, futhi ukuncika ezihlahleni ezindala kanye nasezinhlobonhlobo zendawo yikho okuhlukanisa leli tiye emigqeni yamathafa yamasimu ezindawo ezingomakhelwane eGuizhou.
*   **Ifenoloji:** ngenxa yobusika obufudumele kanye nokufudumala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi, iPu'an ithathwa njengenye yezifunda zetiye zokuqala eChina — ukuvunwa kokuqala kwasentwasahlobo kuqala ngaphambi kwesikhathi kunaseningi yezindawo ezaziwayo zetiye eliluhlaza.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Ngokuma, iPu'an Gushu Lü iyitiye eliluhlaza eliyimicu (条形): amaqabunga asongwe abe "yintambo" ende, hhayi amapuleti ayisicaba futhi hhayi amabhola asongwe, okuyizimpawu zezinye izitayela zaseGuizhou.

Ukucubungula kuhamba ngohlelo oluluhlaza (olungavutshiwe) ngezindlela ezimbili zokugcina ezingaba khona:

*   **Ukugazinga ngepani** (炒青, *chǎoqīng*) — ukumiswa nokomiswa epanini/emgqonyeni oshisayo, okunikeza iphunga eliminyene "elishisiwe-elimoshana".
*   **Ukweyiswa/ukubhakwa** (烘青, *hōngqīng*) — iphrofayli ethambile, "eluhlaza okusha" futhi enezimbali-utshani.

Umqondo ojwayelekile wetiye eliluhlaza uyagcinwa: ukuvunwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe ezithambile kwangaphambi kwesikhathi, ukumiswa okuyimpoqo kokuhlaza (杀青, *shāqīng*) ukuze kumiswe ukufiphala, ukunikeza ukuma okuyimicu ngokusonga kanye nokwenza kome. Inhlanganisela yokugazinga kanye/noma ukubhaka ivumela umkhiqizi ukuthi alinganisele phakathi kokujula "okugazingiwe" nokukhanya "okusha".

Njengoba izinto ezingavuthiwe zifaka iqabunga elivela ezihlahleni ezindala nasezinhlobonhlobo zembewu, kudinga umsebenzi oqikelelayo: iqabunga elinjalo alifani kangako kunelo le-clone, futhi ikhwalithi incike kakhulu ekuhleleni ngesandla kanye nokulawula okunembile kwezinga lokushisa ngesikhathi sokumiswa.

**6. Izimpawu Ze-Organoleptic:**

Iphrofayli yePu'an Gushu Lü inqunywa yinhlanganisela yokuvunwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi okuthambile kanye neqoqo lemvelo "elidala":

*   **Iqabunga elomile** — liyimicu, liluhlaza okumnyama.
*   **Ukugxilisa** — okusha nokuhlanzekile, ngenothi eliphezulu elinotshani-nezimbali ezingxenyeni ezibhakiwe kanye nokunambitheka okugqamile kwe-moshana nokugazingiwe kwezinye ezigazingiwe.
*   **Umzimba:** ngenxa yezinto ezingavuthiwe ezivela ezihlahleni ezindala, umzimba wokugxilisa uzwakala uminyene futhi uzinzile kakhudlwana kunamathiyela aluhlaza alula amasimu endawo efanayo.

**9. Ukwenza Itiye (Ukugxilisa):**

Izincomo zokugxilisa — zijwayelekile ngetiye eliluhlaza lekhwalithi:

*   **Amanzi** — acishe abe ngu-80 – 85 °C, hhayi amanzi abilayo, ukuze kungashiswa iqabunga langaphambi kwesikhathi elithambile.
*   **Isitsha** — ingilazi ewubuhlalu noma i-gaiwan, okuvumela ukubuka ukuvuleka kweqabunga eliyimicu.
*   **Izilinganiso** — cishe amagremu angu-3 nge-150 ml.
*   **Ukugxilisa Kokuqala** — okufushane; okokusebenza kwangaphambi kwesikhathi okuthambile "kunikela" kahle ngisho nasekugxiliseni kokuqala.

**10. Ukugcina:**

Njengawo wonke amathiyela aluhlaza, inani eliyinhloko — wubusha: ukuphuza iPu'an Gushu Lü kufanele kwenziwe isencane, phakathi nenkathi yamanje, ukugcine esitsheni esivaleka ngci kude nokukhanya, ukushisa kanye namaphunga angaphandle.

**11. Intengo kanye Nemikhiqizo Yomgunyathi:**

Ukuze ungangaphambanisi iPu'an Gushu Lü namanye amathiyela aluhlaza aseGuizhou angomakhelwane, kufanele ubheke izimpawu ezimbalwa:

*   **Ukuma.** IPu'an — iyitiye eliyimicu (条形). Lokhu kuyalihlukanisa neqabunga eliyisicaba, elibushelelezi leMeitan Cuiya ([湄潭翠芽](https://thetea.app/zu/article/meitan-cui-ya)), kuma-"zinawana zokudoba" ezisontekile kancane zeDuyun Maojian ([都匀毛尖](https://thetea.app/zu/article/douyun-mao-jian)) futhi ikakhulukazi kuma-"mabhola" acindezelwe eLeishan Yinqiu ([雷山银球茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/leishan-yin-qiu-cha)).
*   **Umsuka Wezinto Ezingavuthiwe.** Ukugcizelela ku-"gushu" (okuvela ezihlahleni ezindala) nasezinhlobonhlobo zendawo, kanye nokukhuluma nge-*sìqiú gǔchá* (四球古茶) — kuwumaka oqondile wePu'an.
*   **Isizini.** Ukuvuthwa okugcizelelwe kwangaphambi kwesikhathi ("okungaphambili kakhulu entwasahlobo") — kuyisici esiyi-sayini; amaqoqo atholakala ekuthengisweni ngaphambi kakhulu kwesikhathi.
*   **Iphrofayli.** Ngokungafani nokuma "kwe-zinc-selenium" kweFenggang ([凤冈锌硒茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/fenggang-xin-xi-cha)) noma iqabunga "elimhlophe" le-albino leZheng'an Baicha (正安白茶), iPu'an ithengiswa ngomqondo weqoqo lemvelo lasendulo kanye nokugxilisa okuminyene, okusha.

Inhlanganisela "yokuma okuyimicu + izinto ezingavuthiwe ezindala/zembewu + ukuvunwa kwangaphambi kakhulu kwesikhathi + umsuka wasePu'an (黔西南)" iyisiginesha ethembekile yaleli tiye.