---
title: "Píngshuǐ rìzhù chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/pingshui-rizhu-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Píngshuǐ rìzhù chá (平水日铸茶)

**I-Pingshui Rizhu Cha** (*Píngshuǐ rìzhù chá*, 平水日铸茶) itiye eliluhlaza lasesifundeni saseKeqiao edolobheni laseShaoxing nasezindaweni ezingomakhelwane, esifundazweni saseZhejiang. Igama elithi 日铸 (Rizhu) lavela emibhalweni yohlanga lwakwaSong: u-Ouyang Xiu ngekhulu le-11 wabiza itiye laseRizhu ngokuthi ngelokuqala phakathi kwamatiye amaqabunga aseZhejiang, kanti u-Lu You washiya enye yezincazelo zakuqala zetiye elingacindezelwanga, ababelibiza ngo “luhlaza othosiwe” (炒青) futhi beliphuza ngentwana encane. I-Pingshui Rizhu yanamuhla itiye elinesimo semifumbu esigoqiwe enephunga le-castnut. Kusukela ngo-2019, leli yigama lezolimo eliqoshwe ngokwezindawo, elokuqala etiyeni laseShaoxing, futhi kusukela ngo-2024 kusebenza izinga lemboni.

**1. Ukwahlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*), elithosiwe (炒青, *chǎoqīng*). Izinga lemboni i-GH/T 1425-2023 lilibiza ngqo ngetiye eliluhlaza: ukumiswa, ukusonteka, ukuthoswa, ngaphandle kwe-oxidation.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye eliluhlaza elisontiwe ngesimo somfumbu (花蕾形); igama lasendulo elidume eZhejiang.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe saseZhejiang (浙江, *Zhèjiāng*), idolobha laseShaoxing (绍兴, *Shàoxīng*), isifunda saseKeqiao (柯桥区) kanye nengxenye yesifunda saseYuecheng (越城区).
* **Indawo evikelwe:** Amadolobhana ayisishiyagalombili esifunda saseKeqiao — i-Yanxunqiao, i-Xialü, i-Lizhu, i-Lanting, i-Fuquan, i-Pingshui, i-Jidong ne-Wangtan — kanye nesigodi sasedolobheni (街道) i-Hutan, sehlangene amadolobhana okuphatha angu-93; kungezwe amadolobhana angu-12 edolobhaneni laseFusheng esifundeni saseYuecheng kanye nebhizinisi letiye laseShaoxing (绍兴市茶场).
* **Ukuxhumeka kwezindawo:** 29°42′13″–30°08′16″ N, 120°17′45″–120°43′09″ E.

**2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Ikhulu le-11.** U-Ouyang Xiu (欧阳修) ku- "Guī tián lù" (归田录) wabhala ukuthi itiye lamaqabunga liyachuma eZhejiang emibili, futhi elokuqala phakathi kwalo yilelo laseRizhu (日注, esinye isipelingi segama elifanayo).
    * **I-Southern Song.** Ikhronike "Jiatai Kuaiji zhi" (嘉泰会稽志) ichaza igama: ngaphansi kwehlane kwakumi isigodlo sezindela i-Zishou, onqenqemeni olubheke emini lwaseYuche ilanga lalihlala kusukela ekuseni kuze kube kusihlwa, futhi itiye lazala lapho like elihle kakhulu — kungakho igama elithi "Rizhu", "elibunjwe yilanga".
    * **U-Lu You.** Emanothini ezinkondlo, imbongi u-Lu You (陆游) ubhala ukuthi itiye laseRizhu itiye lezwe laseYue: alicindezelwa noma ngamagaqa noma ngamaqebelengwane, libizwa ngo "luhlaza othosiwe" (炒青) futhi ngo "uzipho lwesikhova esiluhlaza" (苍鹰爪) futhi liphuzwa ngentwana encane.
    * **I-Song kanye nakamuva.** Imithombo yezindaba yendawo ibiza i-Rizhu "itiye lentela leminyaka eyinkulungwane" kanye "nomsunguli wetiye eliluhlaza elithosiwe lase-China"; isisekelo sesimemezelo sesibili ngokuyinhloko inothi lika-Lu You elishiwo ngenhla.
    * **2019.** NgoJanuwari 17, 2019, uMnyango Wezolimo wabhalisa igama lezolimo eliqoshwe ngokwezindawo "平水日铸茶", inombolo AGI02540. Ngokwemibiko yokubhaliswa, lesi isiqinisekiso sesine sezolimo sendawo yaseShaoxing nesokuqala etiyeni.
    * **2023.** I-All-China Federation of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives yashicilela izinga lemboni GH/T 1425-2023 "平水日铸茶"; lisebenza kusukela ngomhla ka-1 Mashi 2024.
    * **2025.** I-State Intellectual Property Office (CNIPA) yalimukela njengomkhiqizo onegama lezindawo ngesaziso № 640.
* **Igama:** "Pingshui" (平水) yidolobhana elisendaweni evikelwe. "Rizhu" (日铸) yihlane laseRizhu, "elibunjwe yilanga".
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Indawo ihlanganisa i-Lanting (兰亭) — indawo ye-Orchid Pavilion, lapho u-Wang Xizhi wabhala khona isandulelo esidumile. Indawo yetiye kanye nesikhumbuzo se-calligraphy kuhlangana ngokwendawo.

**3. Incazelo Ye-Botanical Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Izinhlobo / Izinhlobo:** Izinga lemboni lisho u-龙井43 (*Lóngjǐng 43*), inani lendawo, i-平水日铸茶1号 ne-平水日铸茶2号, i-中茶108 (*Zhōngchá 108*) nezinye izinhlobo ezifanele.
* **Izinga lokukha:** Imininingwane ayitholakalanga emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Isikhathi sokukha:** Azikho izinsuku emithonjeni etholakele; umcimbi wokuqala wokukha wango-2021 wenziwa ngoMashi 15.

**4. I-Terroir Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Izintaba zaseGuijishan (会稽山) eningizimu-mpumalanga yeShaoxing.
* **Indawo ngokwezinga:** Isifunda saseKeqiao edolobheni laseShaoxing kanye nedolobhana laseFusheng esifundeni saseYuecheng.
* **Ukuphakama:** Imininingwane ayitholakalanga emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Umhlabathi:** Imininingwane ayitholakalanga emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Isikali:** Ngokwemibiko yokubhaliswa yango-2019, amasimu endaweni angu-4533.3 ha, umkhiqizo ngu-6480 t.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Izinga lemboni elithi GH/T 1425-2023 libala le misebenzi elandelayo:

1.  **Ukuvutshelwa kwezinto (摊青, *tānqīng*).**
2.  **Ukumiswa (杀青, *shāqīng*).**
3.  **Ukusonteka (揉捻, *róuniǎn*).**
4.  **Ukoma kwesibili (二青, *èrqīng*).**
5.  **Ukuthosa kokuqala (初炒, *chūchǎo*).**
6.  **Ukuthosa okuphindaphindiwe (复炒, *fùchǎo*).**
7.  **Ukuthuthukisa iphunga (提香, *tíxiāng*).**

Izinga alizinikeli izinga lokushisa nesikhathi sale misebenzi, futhi emithonjeni etholakele azikho.

**6. Izimpawu Ze-Organoleptic:**

Incazelo engezansi ithathwe ezidingweni zegama lezindawo ekuchazweni okusemthethweni; ngemuva kohlu kukhona izinkambiso zezinga lemboni.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Kugoqwe kube umfumbu (卷曲呈花蕾状), kuluhlaza, kumenyezela kungemanzi futhi kusha (绿润鲜活).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga le-infusion:** I-castnut, lijulile futhi liqhubeka (栗香馥郁持久).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kunothile, kunobumnandi obuyayo (醇厚回甘).
* **Umbala we-infusion:** Uluhlaza futhi ukhanya (绿明亮).
* **Isisekelo setiye (iqabunga eliphuziwe):** Lithambile, lilingana, livuleka "njengembali", liluhlaza ngokulingana futhi likhanya (嫩匀成朵，匀齐绿亮).

Izinga lemboni lihlukanisa itiye ngeziqu ezintathu ezinamagama azo: eliphezulu — «鹰爪» («uzipho lwesikhova»), elokuqala — «[贡熙](https://thetea.app/zu/article/gongxi)», elesibili — «赤堇». Ngeqophelo eliphezulu lidinga: iqabunga ligoqwe libe umfumbu, lihlanzekile, liluhlaza ngobumnene futhi limenyezela kungemanzi (盘[花卷](https://thetea.app/zu/article/hua-juan)曲呈花蕾形，匀净，嫩绿鲜润); i-infusion iluhlaza ngobumnene futhi ikhanya (嫩绿明亮); iphunga lingu-castnut, lijulile futhi liqhubeka (栗香馥郁持久); ukunambitheka kusha, kuthambile, kumnandi futhi kuvuselela (鲜醇甘爽); isisekelo setiye sincane, sithambile, sivuleke "njengezimbali", siluhlaza ngobumnene futhi sikhanya (细嫩成朵，嫩绿明亮). Izimpawu ezihlukile zezinga zifinyezwa ngokuthi ezintathu: isimo somfumbu, iphunga le-castnut, ukunambitheka okusha okuvuselelayo (花蕾形、板栗香、鲜爽味).

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Izidingo zezinga lemboni GH/T 1425-2023:

* **Umswakama:** ungabi ngaphezu kuka-6.0 g nge-100 g.
* **Umlotha ophelele (ngokomzimba owomile):** ungabi ngaphezu kuka-6.5 g nge-100 g.
* **Izinto ezincibilikayo emanzini:** okungenani u-36.0 %.

Imininingwane ngama-catechin, ama-amino acid ne-caffeine ayitholakalanga emithonjeni etholakele.

**8. Izinto Eziwusizo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngokwawo.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–90 °C; iqabunga eligoqiwe livuleka kancane kunelo eliqondile.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g nge-150 ml.
* **Izitsha:** I-gaiwan emhlophe noma ingilazi yegilasi.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Ukufudumeza izitsha.
    2. Faka itiye bese uthela amanzi.
    3. I-infusion yokuqala — 60–90 imizuzwana.
    4. Khipha noma uphuze, ushiya ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu ye-infusion.
    5. Thela amanzi.
    6. Ukuphindisela amanzi kathathu kuya kwane ngokwandisa kancane isikhathi.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Emaphaketheni aqinile angabonisi, efrijini ngo-0–5 °C, ngaphandle komswakama, ukukhanya nephunga. Phuza phakathi nonyaka owodwa.

**11. Intengo Nemikhiqizo Yokweba:**

Ngokombiko wezindaba womcimbi wokuqala wokukha wango-2021, intengo yohlobo oluphakeme «鹰爪» («uzipho lwesikhova») yanyuswa yaba ngu-10 000 yuan ngekhilogremu. Eminye intengo ayitholakalanga emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Ukwazi ukugwema imikhiqizo yokweba:**
    * Ungadideki ne-Pingshui Zhu Cha ([平水珠茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/pingshui-zhucha)): igama elithi "Pingshui" likhona kuwo womabili amagama, kodwa lezi yimikhiqizo ehlukene.
    * Funa uphawu lwegama lezindawo "平水日铸茶" nomkhiqizi osendaweni.
    * Iqabunga elomile — umfumbu oluhlaza ogoqiwe, hhayi inhlawu encane ejiyile.
    * Iphunga le-infusion — li-castnut; i-infusion — iluhlaza futhi ikhanya.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Inothi lika-Lu You libiza itiye laseRizhu "uzipho lwesikhova esiluhlaza" — kanti uhlobo oluphakeme lwetiye lanamuhla lwenziwa ngaphansi kwegama elithi "uzipho lwesikhova" (鹰爪).
* U-Ouyang Xiu ubhala igama ngokuthi 日注, ikhronike kanye nophawu lwamanje — ngokuthi 日铸.
* Indawo evikelwe ihlanganisa i-Orchid Pavilion ka-Wang Xizhi.
* I-Pingshui Rizhu — itiye lokuqala laseShaoxing elinegama lezolimo eliqoshwe ngokwezindawo.

**13. Ukuqhathanisa namatiye aseShaoxing:**

* **I-Pingshui Zhu Cha (平水珠茶):** Itiye eliluhlaza elithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, eligoqwe libe amabhora amancane ajiyile; indawo efanayo negama elifanayo elithi "Pingshui", umkhiqizo ohlukile nesimo esihlukile.
* **I-Shengzhou Hui Bai ([嵊州辉白](https://thetea.app/zu/article/shengzhou-hui-bai)):** Itiye eliluhlaza eligoqiwe eliyindilinga laseShengzhou, elinye itiye elidala laseShaoxing.
* **I-Yuexiang Longjing ([越乡龙井](https://thetea.app/zu/article/yuexiang-long-jing)):** Itiye le-longjing eliyisicaba laseShengzhou, ibhrendi yesifunda enkulu kunazo zonke ye-longjing ngokomthamo; isimo siphambene nomfumbu ogoqiwe we-Rizhu.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Pingshui Rizhu Cha yigama elidala elinophawu olusha: ababhali bakwaSong babeka itiye laseRizhu kuqala eZhejiang, kanti u-Lu You walichaza ngetiye elingacindezelwanga elithosiwe, eliphuzwa ngentwana encane. Namuhla liyimbali eluhlaza enephunga le-castnut, i-infusion eluhlaza ekhanyayo nobumnandi obuyayo obuvela ezintabeni zaseGuijishan. Kulula ukulidida ne "powder" yasePingshui, kodwa isimo nomlando wazo uhlukile.