---
title: "Pínglè shíyá chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/pingle-shiya-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Pínglè shíyá chá (平乐石崖茶)

**I-Pingle Shiya Cha** (*Pínglè shíyá chá*, 平乐石崖茶) — «itiye lasemaweni» lesifunda sase-Pingle (平乐县) esifundeni sikaMasipala waseGuilin, esifundazweni esizimele sase-Guangxi Zhuang. Lokhu akulona iqabunga lesihlahla setiye *Camellia sinensis*: umqulu wokuvikela ubiza impahla eluhlaza ngokuthi 亮叶黄瑞木 (*liàngyè huángruìmù*) — ngokwemithombo yezethenjwa, isihlahla sohlobo lwe-杨桐属 (*Adinandra*); izihlahla zasendle, ngokwezincazelo ezidumile, zikhula emaweni — yingakho igama. Iqabunga liyosiwa kathathu futhi lisongwe ngesandla. Igama livikelwa njengesikhombi sezolimo sendawo kusukela ngo-2014 futhi njengomkhiqizo onesikhombi sendawo kusukela ngo-2025.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Akulona itiye ngomqondo webhotani futhi akulona nelilodwa ezigabeni eziyisithupha. Ubuchwepheshe bufana netiye eliluhlaza, kodwa umqulu wokuvikela awusho isigaba; amawebhusayithi abiza umkhiqizo ngokuthi i-oolong awanciki kumazinga.
* **Isigaba:** Umhluzo ongaveli esitshalweni setiye; isikhombi sezolimo (2014) kanye nomkhiqizo onesikhombi sendawo (2025).
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe esizimele sase-Guangxi Zhuang (广西, *Guǎngxī*), isifunda sikaMasipala waseGuilin (桂林, *Guìlín*), isifunda sase-Pingle (平乐, *Pínglè*).
* **Indawo evikelwe:** Ngokwesimemezelo sango-2025 — izindawo zezintaba neziphansi ezisempumalanga, eningizimu nasenkabeni yesifunda (ezungeze intaba i-Lianhuashan, 莲花山): izigodi zokuphatha ezingama-27 emalokishini nasezifundeni i-Yuantou (源头镇), i-Yang'an (阳安乡), i-Qinglong (青龙乡), i-Qiaoting (桥亭乡), i-Dafa Yao Township (大发瑶族乡), i-Pingle (平乐镇) ne-Ertang (二塘镇), kanye nehlathi likahulumeni i-Guangyun (广运林场).
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** 110°34′–111°02′ empumalanga, 24°16′–24°38′ enyakatho.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **I-Tang, ngokwesiko.** I-Baike ixhumanisa isiphuzo nembongi u-Li Shangyin, okwathi ngo-848 wasebenza njengombusi wesifunda sase-Zhaozhou (昭州, manje i-Pingle), kanye nomugqa wakhe othi «小鼎煎茶面曲池». Kodwa enkondlweni kukhulunywa ngokuphuza itiye nje jikelele, hhayi ngaleli qabunga. Intela eya enkantolo, ebhalwa yi-Baike, ayifakazelwa yimibhalo.
    * **Ngaphambi kwawo-1970.** Ngokwe-«Agricultural Chronicle yase-Pingle County» (1991) njengoba ilandiswa yizingosi zezethenjwa, isiphuzo sasiphuzwa lapho kushisa njenge-«sipholile», kodwa sasenziwa kabi.
    * **1974.** Ngokwe-«Guilin Daily» (2018, iphindiwe ewebhusayithini yoMnyango Wezolimo), uchwepheshe wetiye wenkampani yemikhiqizo yendawo yesifunda, eqoqe ulwazi lwabantu, waqala ukucubungula iqabunga ngendlela ye-桂青茶 (*guìqīng chá*) futhi waba ngowokuqala ukukhiqiza i-«石崖茶». Kusukela ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yawo-1980 umkhiqizo uyadayiswa.
    * **2000–2011.** Ngokwabezindaba, ngo-2000 embukisweni e-Chengdu umkhiqizo wabizwa ngokuthi «itiye elidumile lase-China», ngo-2004 umbukiso we-China-ASEAN wawenza waba ukuphela kwesiphuzo setiye, ngo-2011 wathola indondo yegolide ye-«China-ASEAN» yokusabalalisa kangcono isiko letiye.
    * **2014.** UMnyango Wezolimo wabhalisa isikhombi sezolimo; i-Baike ibeka isinqumo ngomhla ka-18 Novemba. Umnikazi, ngokwe-Baike, — yisikhungo sesifunda sokusabalalisa ubuchwepheshe bezolimo (平乐县农业技术推广中心).
    * **2025.** Ngesimemezelo esingu-640 se-State Intellectual Property Office (esayinwe mhla ziyi-16 kuJulayi) igama laqashelwa njengomkhiqizo onesikhombi sendawo, indawo 1065 kweziyi-1409. Umfakisicelo — uhulumeni wesifunda sase-Pingle.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Kusukela ngo-2023 idolobhana lase-Qinglong libamba umkhosi wokuvuna (青龙采茶节); owokuqala wabanjwa mhla lu-1 kuMbasa 2023 edolobhaneni lase-Dagang (大刚村).

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Nempahla Eluhlaza:**

* **Isitshalo:** Kukholomu yesigaba somqulu wokuvikela kubhalwe kuphela 亮叶黄瑞木. Igama lesiLatini umqulu awulinikezi, kanti egameni eliseduze 亮叶杨桐 izethenjwa ziyaphikisana: i-Wikipedia yase-China ilinika njenge-*Adinandra nitida*, ikhathalogi ye-«Species 2000 China» ilifaka njengegama lomdabu lohlobo lwe-*Adinandra glischroloma* (两广杨桐). Ngisho naku-Wikipedia uhlobo lufakwa kwesinye isikhathi kuma-tea (山茶科), kwesinye kuma-pentaphylacaceae (五列木科). Ukuthi yini ngempela ekhula e-Pingle, akukwazi ukutholakala emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Izinga lokuvuna:** Ngokwezimfuneko — ihlumela elinamaqabunga amabili elingeqi ku-4 cm ubude, ukuvunwa ngesandla ngokuhlwitha (提手采), ngaphandle kwama-scales, izithelo namagatsha amadala, kubhasikidi anomoya.
* **Isisekelo sasendle:** Izinombolo azihambisani. Ngokwe-«Pingle County Chronicle» ka-1995 njengoba ilandiswa yizingosi zezethenjwa — izihlahla ezingaphezu kuka-20,000, amathani angama-25–30 amaqabunga amasha kanye namathani ayi-6–7.5 omkhiqizo ngonyaka; i-Yuantou yayikhiqiza kakhulu, iqabunga elivela e-Dagang lalithathwa njengelinhle kakhulu. Ngokwenye ingosi ye-zethenjwa, ngenxa yokuvunwa okonakele kusele izihlahla ezingaba ngu-10,000; umbiko wekomidi lokubonisana lezombusazwe lesifunda (2025) ukhuluma ngezihlahla zasendle eziyiminyaka eyi-229.
* **Ukutshala:** Ngokwemibiko ye-Xinhua ne-«People's Net» (2023), abalimi batshala kabusha izitshalo zasendle besuka emaweni beziyisa phansi ezintabeni ezingomakhelwane; ukutshala kugxile e-Dafa, e-Yuantou, e-Qinglong nase-Qiaoting.

**4. I-Terroir Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isimo sezulu:** Ngokwe-Baike — i-subtropical monsoon: isikhathi esingenasithwathwa singaphezu kwezinsuku ezingama-310, amahora okukhanya kwelanga ayi-1414–2094, izinga lokushisa elimaphakathi lingu-19.9 °C, imvula ingama-1355–1865 mm ngonyaka.
* **Inhlabathi:** Ngokwezimfuneko — pH 4.5–6.5, i-organic matter 2–3 %, ukugeleza kwamanzi okuhle; emngceleni wezindawo ezingenanto, ihlathi namasimu batusa ukumba izindlela zokuhlukanisa.
* **Indawo yokuhlala:** Imibhalo edumile ichaza amawa nemifudlana yasezintabeni, ukuphola nomswakama. Idatha yokuphakama ayikho emithonjeni yokuqala.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Ngokwezimfuneko zomkhiqizo ovikelwe:

1.  **Ukwethula iqabunga (摊青, *tānqīng*):** Ngokushesha ngemva kokuvuna, ukuze umswakama usuke futhi iqabunga lihlale lisha.
2.  **Ukuqinisa (杀青, *shāqīng*):** Ukugazinga ebhodweni lensimbi, ngemva kwalokho iqabunga lipholiswa ngokushesha.
3.  **Ukusonga (揉捻, *róuniǎn*):** Ngesandla, kube yimicu emincane.
4.  **«Ukugazinga kathathu, ukusonga kathathu» (三炒三揉, *sān chǎo sān róu*):** Iqabunga elisongiwe liphinde liganoswe ebhodweni, futhi umjikelezo uphindwa kathathu, ukuze iqabunga libe licinene, iziqu zibe ntekenteke, nephunga lihlanzeke.
5.  **Ukomisa kokuqala, ukupholisa, ukomisa kokugcina nokukhipha iphunga (初干、摊凉、足火、提香).**
6.  **Ukupakisha.**

Izimfuneko azinikezi amazinga okushisa nesikhathi; indlela ye-桂青茶 ayichazwanga emithonjeni etholakele.

**6. Izici Ze-Organoleptic:**

Incazelo — ngokwezimfuneko zomkhiqizo ovikelwe zika-2025. Umkhiqizo uba yimicu futhi ube yimvubeko.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Imicu — emikhulu futhi eminyene, «i-sand-green» (沙绿), ecwebezelayo, enomucu ofana nesithwathwa (霜斑). Imvubeko — iminyene, esindayo, ebushelelezi, eluhlaza okomnyama.
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Izimfuneko zibiza iphunga ngokuthi licebile futhi lihlala isikhathi eside (香气浓郁持久), ngaphandle kokucacisa ukuthi eleqabunga elomile noma lomhluzo.
* **Iphunga lomhluzo:** Licebile futhi lihlala isikhathi eside — ngefomula efanayo.
* **Ukunambitheka:** Okuwugqinsi, okuthambile nokumnandi, nokubuya okumnandi okucacile (滋味浓醇甘甜，回甘明显). Ngokwe-«Guilin Daily» — «kuqala kuyaqina, bese kuba mnandi».
* **Umbala womhluzo:** Oluhlaza ophuzi futhi okhanyayo (汤色黄绿明亮).
* **Izansi letiye (iqabunga elidliwe):** Amahlumela namaqabunga aphelele futhi akhanyayo (叶底芽叶完整明亮).

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Izimfuneko kumkhiqizo owomile: i-total flavonoids ingekho ngaphansi kuka-6.0 %, ushukela oncibilikayo ungekho ngaphansi kuka-1.5 %. I-«Guilin Daily» (2018) icaphuna izazi zezitshalo zase-Sun Yat-sen University ngempahla eluhlaza yasendle: flavonoids 20 %, «ama-tea polyphenols» 23.4 % nama-amino acid 9.73 %, ngaphandle kwendlela nesampula. Idatha ye-caffeine ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.

**8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo:**

Ayikho idatha eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela walo mkhiqizo ngokuqondile. Izinhlu zokukhangisa zezici aziphindwa lapha.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Ayikho imiyalo ye-Pingle Shiya Cha emithonjeni etholakele; ngezansi kukhona amapharamitha avamile emihluzo ye-herbal eqabunga elisongiwe.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 90–100 °C.
* **Inani:** 2–3 g ku-150–200 ml.
* **Izitsha:** Ingilazi yeglasi, i-gaiwan noma i-teapot ye-porcelain.
* **Inqubo:** Umhluzo wokuqala — imizuzu emi-2–3, bese kuba nokuthululwa okuningana ngokwandisa isikhathi.

**10. Ukugcina:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Emaphaketheni aminyene, endaweni eyomile emnyama, kude namaphunga. Umucu oyimpuphu emicini — kuyisici somkhiqizo, hhayi isikhunta.

**11. Intengo Nezingamanga:**

Ayikho intengo yokudayisa emithonjeni etholakele. Isilinganiso, ngokwe-«Guangxi Zhengxie Bao» (2025), — ngaphezu kwe-8000 mu yokutshala, ngaphezu kwama-300 amathani nangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-40 zama-yuan ngonyaka. Eminye imibhalo inikeza izinombolo ezahlukile: i-«Guilin Daily» (2018) — cishe i-10,000 mu kanye namathani angaba ngu-2000 esifundeni sonke; imibiko yomkhosi wokuqala wokuvuna (2023) — i-6000 mu yokutshala, «elingisa okwasendle», namathani angaphezu kwe-120 eqabunga elomile ngonyaka. Izinombolo azivumelani.

* **Ukwazi ukugwema izingamanga:**
    * I-shiya cha, ngokwe-Baike, yenziwa nasezinye izifunda zase-Guangxi — i-Pingnan, i-Mengshan, i-Guiping, i-Jinxiu nezinye; igama elithi 平乐石崖茶 libhekisela kuphela kumpahla eluhlaza evela endaweni evikelwe. Funana uphawu lomkhiqizo onesikhombi sendawo.
    * Imicu «i-sand-green» enomucu oyimpuphu noma imvubeko eluhlaza okomnyama ebushelelezi; umhluzo uphuzi oluhlaza.
    * Umdayisi obiza umkhiqizo ngokuthi i-oolong noma itiye lezihlahla zasendulo zetiye uyaphikisana nomqulu wokuvikela.

**12. Amaqiniso Athokozisayo:**

* Igama lichaza indawo: 石崖 — «iwa letshe».
* Indlela «yokugazinga kathathu nokusonga kathathu» ibhalwe emqulwini wokuvikela ngokwezwi nezwi.
* Egameini elithi 亮叶杨桐 izethenjwa zinikeza amagama esayensi ahlukene — *Adinandra nitida* noma *Adinandra glischroloma*.

**13. Ukuqhathanisa Neminye Imihluzo Engeyona Eyezihlahla Zetiye:**

* **I-Kuding ([苦丁茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/kuding-cha)):** Umhluzo obabayo wamaqabunga e-holly noma i-privet, nawo wenziwa e-Guangxi; i-shiya cha ezincazelweni imnandi.
* **I-Yongshun Meicha ([永顺莓茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/yongshun-meicha)):** Umhluzo wase-Hunan ovela emvinini, nawo unomucu oyimpuphu eqabungeni futhi unezinga le-flavonoids.
* **I-Xupu Yaocha ([溆浦瑶茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xupu-yaocha)):** «Itiye elimnandi» lase-Hunan elivela emaqabungeni esihlahla somndeni we-beech, nawo umkhiqizo onesikhombi sendawo.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Pingle Shiya Cha — iqabunga lesihlahla sasendle nesitshaliwe sohlobo lwe-*Adinandra*, eligoswa kathathu futhi lisongwe yizigodi zase-Guiling. Umqulu wokuvikela ulichaza ngokuningiliziwe — indawo, ukuvunwa, imicu «e-sand-green» enomucu oyimpuphu, umhluzo ophuzi oluhlaza omnandi kanye nezinga le-flavonoids, — kodwa awulenzi itiye: lokhu ngumhluzo ovela emhlabeni we-«tiye» waseningizimu, lapho igama elithi 茶 lisho «lokho okuphuzwayo».