---
title: "Nàxī tèzǎochá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/naxi-tezaocha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Nàxī tèzǎochá (纳溪特早茶)

**I-Naxi Tezaocha** (*Nàxī tèzǎochá*, 纳溪特早茶) iwukuthi "itiye lase-Naxi elisheshe kakhulu": itiye eliluhlaza lasesifundeni sase-Naxi (纳溪区) emkhandlwini wedolobha wase-Luzhou eningizimu yesifundazwe sase-Sichuan. Lonke udumo lwalo lusesikhathini sokuvuna: ukuvuna ngokwezimfuneko zokuvikela kuqala ngasekupheleni kukaJanuwari, futhi izincazelo zendawo zibiza itiye ngokuthi "itiye loNyaka Omusha" (除夕茶, *chúxī chá*) - iqabunga lokuqala linganambithwa kakade ngobusuku bangaphambi koNyaka Omusha ngokwekhalenda lenyanga. Igama livikelwa njengophawu lwendawo lwezolimo (2011), libhalwe esivumelwaneni phakathi kweChina ne-European Union, futhi kusukela ngo-2025 laziwa njengomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo yi-State Intellectual Property Office (CNIPA).

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*). Izimfuneko zokuvikela zika-2025 zichaza izinhlobo ezimbili - okwesicaba (扁形茶) kanye ne-maofeng ([毛峰](https://thetea.app/zu/article/maofengcha)茶), futhi zombili ziqala ngokubuna nokulungisa ngokushisa (杀青), ngaphandle kwe-oxidation.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye eliluhlaza lasentwasahlobo lokuqala leningizimu ye-Sichuan; umkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe sase-Sichuan (四川, *Sìchuān*), umkhandlu wedolobha wase-Luzhou (泸州, *Lúzhōu*), isifunda sase-Naxi (纳溪, *Nàxī*).
* **Indawo yokuvikela:** Imizana engu-176 emalokishini angu-12 esifundeni: i-Dadukou (大渡口), i-Huguo (护国), i-Dagu (打古), i-Shangma (上马), i-Hemian (合面), i-Fengle (丰乐), i-Baijie (白节), i-Tianxian (天仙), i-Mianhuapo (棉花坡), i-Xinle (新乐), i-Quba (渠坝) kanye ne-Longche (龙车). Umfakisicelo ngo-2025 uhulumeni wesifunda sase-Naxi.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** 105°09′–105°37′ empumalanga, 28°02′14″–28°26′53″ enyakatho.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Izinkomba zasendulo.** Incazelo yophawu icaphuna i-"Huayang guozhi" (华阳国志) mayelana nokukhokhiswa kwentela ngetiye noju ezindaweni zase-Ba nase-Shu ngesikhathi sika-Wuwang wase-Zhou - ubufakazi besifunda jikelele, hhayi nge-Naxi ngokuqondile.
    * **"Chajing".** Izinto zendawo zithi i-"Chajing" ka-Lu Yu ikhuluma ngetiye lase-Naxi nelase-Meiling (梅岭), kodwa zikudlulisa ngezindlela ezahlukene: "纳溪、梅岭产茶" noma "纳溪梅岭茶". Asikwazanga ukuqinisekisa lo musho nombhalo we-treatise ngemithombo etholakele.
    * **Umbhalo ka-Huang Tingjian.** Ngokwencazelo efanayo, imbongi yaseSong ne-calligrapher u-Huang Tingjian (黄庭坚) washiya edwaleni eduze komfula i-Qingxihe (清溪河) esifundeni sase-Naxi umbhalo othi "二月茶" - "itiye lenyanga yesibili". Umbiko ka-2013 (owaphinde washicilelwa ngo-2019) ubeka umbhalo e-Qingxihe e-Shaiyutan (晒鱼滩) edolobhaneni lase-Dadukou futhi uthi ukubhala kufana nesandla sika-Huang Tingjian, kodwa ubuqiniso kwakusamele buqinisekiswe ngochwepheshe; umphumela wokuhlolwa awuzange ushiwo emithonjeni etholakele.
    * **2011.** Ngo-20 Disemba uMnyango Wezolimo wagunyaza ukubhaliswa kophawu lwendawo lwezolimo (iphephandaba lesifunda libiza u-2017, eliphikisana neminye imithombo). Ngokwencazelo yophawu, ngaleso sikhathi indawo evikelwe yayingu-20,000 ha, ukukhiqizwa kwakungu-25,000 t ngonyaka.
    * **Isivumelwano ne-European Union.** Ngokwesizindalwazi soMnyango Wezohwebo, itiye lifakwe ku-Annex III yesivumelwano se-China ne-EU ngezimpawu zendawo (i-PGI "Naxi Te Zao Cha", idokodo le-PGI-CN-2754; isisekelo uphawu lwezolimo lwaseChina, umfakisicelo umnyango wezolimo wesifunda sase-Naxi). Izincwadi zithi ukufakwa kwenzeka ngo-20 Julayi 2020; u-2014, obizwa yi-website yezimpawu zendawo, akuqinisekiswanga ngamadokhumenti esivumelwano.
    * **2018–2021 - izinga leqembu.** Ngokombiko we-"Sichuan online" (2025), kusukela ngo-2018 umnyango wezolimo wesifunda kanye nenhlangano yetiye basebenza iminyaka emithathu belungisa izinga leqembu elithi "纳溪特早茶", eliqinisekisa imigqa emithathu yetiye eliluhlaza lesigaba esiphakathi nesiphezulu - i-yusun (玉笋, *yùsǔn*), i-yuya (玉芽, *yùyá*) kanye ne-yuzhen (玉针, *yùzhēn*).
    * **2025.** Ngesimemezelo se-CNIPA No. 625 (esayinwe ngo-1 Ephreli, sishicilelwe ngo-14 Ephreli) itiye laziwa njengomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo.
* **Igama:** 纳溪 - isifunda sase-Naxi; 特早 - "oshesha kakhulu", "oshesha ngokwedlulele"; 茶 - itiye.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Isifunda sinesihloko esithi "ikhaya letiye laseChina elishesha kakhulu" (中国特早茶之乡), futhi izinto zendawo ziyibiza ngokuthi "elishesha kakhulu kule latitude emhlabeni" - le yifomula yokukhangisa yemithombo.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Kanye Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe:**

* **Izinhlobo / Ama-cultivar:** Ngokwezimfuneko zika-2025 - izinhlobo ezishesha kakhulu: [乌牛早](https://thetea.app/zu/article/wuniu-zao) (*Wūniú zǎo*), 福选9号 (*Fúxuǎn 9*), 福鼎大白 (*Fúdǐng dàbái*), 中黄2号 (*Zhōnghuáng 2*), 黄金芽 (*Huángjīn yá*) kanye nezinye. Incazelo yereferensi kanye nolwazi lomnyango wezolimo wesifunda kwengeza i-平阳特早 ne-巴渝特早; ngokwemibiko ka-2023, isisekelo sezingadi siyizinhlobo 乌牛早, 福选9号 kanye ne-峨眉问春 (*Éméi wènchūn*).
* **Ukuvuna:** Kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaJanuwari kuya ekuqaleni kuka-Ephreli.
* **Izinga lokuvuna:** Kusukela ebudlotheni obubodwa kuya ebudlotheni obunamahlamvu amabili; ukuvuna "ngokuphakamisa" (提采), ubudloti neqabunga kufanele kuhlale kuphelele, kusha futhi kulingana.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Iningizimu ye-Sichuan basin, amagquma nezintaba eziphansi eduze ne-Yangtze nomfula wayo i-Yongninghe (永宁河).
* **Ukuphakama kokutshala:** Ngokwezimfuneko zika-2025 - 230–960 m. Incazelo ka-2011 icacisa ukuthi izingadi zitholakala ikakhulu ezintabeni eziphansi ku-400–700 m.
* **Inhlabathi:** Ngokwezimfuneko zika-2025 - i-yellow soil ne-yellow-brown soil (黄壤、黄棕壤), ungqimba olungaphezu kuka-60 cm, izinto eziphilayo ezingekho ngaphansi kuka-1.5 %, i-pH 4.5–6.5. Incazelo ka-2011 yayisho okuhlukile: esifundeni kukhona i-acidic purple soil (酸性紫色土) emadwaleni e-purple sandstone agugulekile. Umehluko awuchazwanga.
* **Isimo sezulu** (ngokwencazelo yophawu): i-subtropical monsoon efumile; izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi nendawo 18.3 °C, isikhathi esingenasithwathwa cishe izinsuku ezingu-350, imvula engu-1184.9 mm, umswakama ohlobene 83 %.
* **Kungani kusheshe:** Ngokombiko ka-2025, ezigodini eziphambili zetiye izinga lokushisa lansuku zonke elingu-10 °C, lapho amabudloti aqala khona, lifika ngaphambi komkhosi woMvundla - ngezinsuku ezingu-7–10 ngaphambili kunaseNtshonalanga ye-Sichuan, futhi ngaphezu kwenyanga ngaphambili kunase-Jiangsu nase-Zhejiang.
* **Ubukhulu:** Ngokombiko we-"Sichuan online" (2025), ekupheleni kuka-2024 - kwamakhulu amathathu nanhlanu ezinkulungwane zama-mu wezingadi kanye namathani angu-24,000 etiye eliluhlaza ngonyaka.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Izimfuneko zokuvikela zika-2025 zibeka izikimu ezimbili.

**Itiye elisicaba (扁形茶):**

1.  **Ukubuna (摊放, *tānfàng*):** Ungqimba 2–3 cm, amahora 4–8, kuze kuphele iphunga lotshani; umswakama cishe 70 %.
2.  **Ukulungisa (杀青, *shāqīng*):** 120–130 °C, kuze kube yiqabunga elithambile elingacwebezeli; umswakama cishe 65 %.
3.  **Ukomisa kokuqala (初烘, *chūhōng*):** 90–110 °C, cishe imizuzu engu-20; umswakama 50–58 %.
4.  **Ukuqondisa nokubumba (理条、做形, *lǐtiáo, zuòxíng*):** 110–120 °C, imizuzu 5–8; umswakama cishe 45 %.
5.  **Ukususa uboya (脱毫, *tuōháo*):** 110–130 °C, imizuzu 50–70 - kuze kube yiqabunga eliqondile elingenabo uboya obumhlophe.
6.  **Ukomisa kwesibili (二烘, *èrhōng*):** Cishe 90 °C.
7.  **Ukuqeda ebhodweni (辉锅, *huīguō*):** 80–100 °C, kuze kube nokucwebezela okuphuzi nokuluhlaza kanye nomswakama ongekho ngaphezu kuka-6 %.

**I-Maofeng (毛峰茶):** ukubuna amahora 4–10 kuze kube umswakama 65–70 %; ukulungisa cishe 120 °C, imizuzu 1–1.5; ukusonga okulula imizuzu 5–7; ukomisa kokuqala ku-90–110 °C; ukusonga kabusha imizuzu 25–30; ukuqondisa nokubonisa uboya ku-70–80 °C, imizuzu 10–15; ukomisa kokugcina ku-90–100 °C kuze kube umswakama 5–6 %.

Umbhalo wezinga leqembu awuvulekanga emithonjeni etholakele.

**6. Izici Ze-Organoleptic:**

Ngokwezimfuneko zokuvikela zika-2025:

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Lisicaba futhi liqondile (扁平挺直), liphuzi ngokuluhlaza noboya obufihlekile (黄绿隐毫), lilingana futhi lihlanzekile.
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Ayikho incazelo ehlukile emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lomhluzo:** I-castnut, ligcwele futhi lihlala isikhathi eside (栗香浓郁持久).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Okusha, okuthambile nokuqabulayo (鲜醇爽口).
* **Umbala womhluzo:** Ophuzi ngokuluhlaza, ogqamile.
* **Izinsalela zetiye (iqabunga elisetshenzisiwe):** Liphuzi ngokuluhlaza, lilingana, licwebezela.

Incazelo yokubukeka ibhekisele esimweni esisicaba, nakuba ukuvikelwa okufanayo kuchaza nobuchwepheshe be-maofeng; ayikho incazelo ehlukile yayo edokhumentini. Izincazelo zereferensi zibiza umbala wetiye elisicaba ngokuthi yi-emerald (色泽翠绿).

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

| Inkomba | Izinga |
| :--- | :--- |
| Izinto ezincibilikayo emanzini | okungenani 42 % |
| Ama-polyphenol etiye | okungenani 16 % |

Mayelana nama-amino acid, izimfuneko zithi kuphela ukuthi "maningi"; akukho mkhawulo wezinombolo.

**8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo:**

Akukho datha eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngokuqondile.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza. Amanzi 80–85 °C, 3 g ku-150 ml, ingilazi yengilazi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe. Thela amanzi odongeni, umhluzo wokuqala - ngemva kwemizuzwana engu-40–60; phuza, ushiya ingxenye yomhluzo, bese uthelela futhi - ukuphindaphinda kabili noma kathathu.

**10. Ukugcina:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Emaphaketheni avaliwe, efrijini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama nephunga; kungcono ukuphuza phakathi nonyaka.

**11. Intengo kanye Nemikhohlisi:**

* **Intengo:** Akukho datha ehlelekile. Ngokwamazwi omkhiqizi embikweni ka-2025, amaqoqo okuqala kakhulu ohlobo 中黄2号 adayiswa ngaphezu kuka-3000 yuan nge-jin (500 g), futhi lapho itiye lifika emakethe ngobuningi, intengo yehla ngesigamu noma ngokuthathu.
* **Ukwenza kanjani ukugwema imikhohlisi:**
    * Funa uphawu olukhethekile lwendawo: ilungelo lokulusebenzisa umkhiqizi osendaweni linikezwa yi-CNIPA ngokwethulwa isifunda nesifundazwe.
    * Ngokombiko ka-2025, abasebenzisi bophawu kufanele balandele "ukuhlangana okune" - imvume eyodwa, ukupakisha okukodwa, ukucaciswa okukodwa kanye nomkhiqizo owodwa.
    * Iqabunga - lisicaba, liqondile, liphuzi ngokuluhlaza noboya obufihlekile; iphunga - le-castnut.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Ukuvuna ngokwezimfuneko zokuvikela kuvulwa ngasekupheleni kukaJanuwari; iviki lokuvula lesifundazwe lesizini ka-2025, ngokombiko, labekwa esifundeni ngaphansi kwesiqubulo esithi "inkomishi yokuqala yentwasahlobo yaseChina".
* Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezivunyelwe kukhona izinhlobo ezinamahlamvu aphuzi 中黄2号 kanye ne-黄金芽.
* Ngokombiko ka-2025, esifundeni uqobo kucutshungulwa kuphela cishe 60 % wamaqabunga avuniwe: okunye kuyiswa e-Yibin, e-Leshan nase-Ya'an, futhi itiye eliluhlaza lithengwa abahwebi abafikayo.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa Namanye Amatiye:**

* **I-Wuniu Zao (乌牛早):** Itiye lokuqala lesifunda sase-Yongjia e-Zhejiang; uhlobo olufanayo - ohlwini lwezinhlobo zase-Naxi.
* **I-Xihu Longjing ([西湖龙井](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xihu-longjing)):** Isibonelo setiye eliluhlaza elisicaba; uhlobo oluyinhloko oluvikelwe lwe-Naxi Tezaocha nalo luyisicaba.
* **I-Jinyun Huangcha ([缙云黄茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/jinyun-huangcha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lohlobo 中黄2号, oluvunyelwe nase-Naxi.
* **I-Gulin Niupi Cha ([古蔺牛皮茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/gulin-niupi-cha)):** Itiye lesifunda sase-Gulin emkhandlwini wedolobha ofanayo wase-Luzhou.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Naxi Tezaocha itiye elidayisa isikhathi: ukuvuna kusukela ngasekupheleni kukaJanuwari, iqabunga elisicaba eliphuzi ngokuluhlaza noboya obufihlekile kanye nephunga le-castnut elihlala isikhathi eside. Ngemuva kwesikhathi sokuqala kukhona ubusika obufudumele besigodi sase-Yongninghe nezinhlobo ezishesha kakhulu, futhi ngemuva kwegama kukhona amazinga amathathu okuvikela kanye nezimfuneko eziningiliziwe zezinhlobo ezimbili zeqabunga.