---
title: "Nánjiāng dàyè chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/nanjiang-daye-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Nánjiāng dàyè chá (南江大叶茶)

**INanjing Daye Cha** (*Nánjiāng dàyè chá*, 南江大叶茶) — “itiye elinamaqabunga amakhulu laseNanjing”: kokubili uhlobo lwendawo lwesihlahla setiye kanye negama elivikelwe letiye eliluhlaza lesifunda saseNanjing (南江县) ngaphansi kukamasipala waseBazhong enyakatho-mpumalanga yeSichuan, emngceleni neShaanxi. Izidingo zokuvikela zichaza izinhlobo ezimbili — isicaba nesimise okw enaliti: iqabunga eliluhlaza ngobumnene elinoboya, uketshezi oluhlaza ngobumnene olukhanyayo, iphunga elimnandi le-chestnut elinethoni yoboya, ukunambitheka okugcwele okuqabulayo. Igama livikelwa uphawu lokuqinisekisa kanye nenkomba yezolimo (kokubili — 2009), futhi kusukela ngo-2025 — nanjengomkhiqizo onenkombampawu yendawo.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*). Izidingo zokuvikela zichaza ubuchwepheshe obungenayo i-oxidation. Kusuka kulolu hlobo, ngokwenkomba yezolimo, kuphuma netiye elibomvu elihle, kodwa umkhiqizo ovikelwe — itiye eliluhlaza.
* **Igama:** 南江 (*Nánjiāng*) — igama lesifunda, 大叶 (*dàyè*) — “iqabunga elikhulu”, 茶 (*chá*) — itiye. Igama lohlobo kanye negama lomkhiqizo ziyefana.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye eliluhlaza elisicaba nelimise okw enaliti; umkhiqizo onenkombampawu yendawo (2025).
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe sase-Sichuan (四川, *Sìchuān*), umasipala wase-Bazhong (巴中, *Bāzhōng*), isifunda sase-Nanjing (南江, *Nánjiāng*).
* **Indawo yokuvikela:** Izifunda ezingamashumi amane nesishiyagalombili kanye namadolobhana esifunda anezigodi zemvelo eziyi-171 (自然村), phakathi kwazo 汇滩乡, 流坝乡, 贵民乡, 杨坝镇, 光雾山镇, 南江镇, 长赤镇 kanye nepulazi letiye lesifundazwe i-Yuandingzi (四川省元顶子茶场).
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** 106°27′–107°10′ empumalanga no-31°50′–32°45′ enyakatho — imingcele yendawo ngokwezidingo zokuvikela.
* **Umfakisicelo:** Isikhungo sokuthuthukisa imboni yetiye yesifunda (南江县茶叶产业发展中心).

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **I-Southern Song.** Ngokwehlukaniswa kwenkomba, kunamarekhodi wentela yetiye kahulumeni kanye nokuhwebelana “itiye ngosawoti” (以茶易盐). Itiye, ngokwalokho, lalithwalwa ngomgwaqo omdala wase-Micang (米仓古道) liyiswe e-Shaanxi, e-Gansu nase-Qinghai.
    * **I-Ming.** Eminyakeni ye-Zhengde itiye laba yintela enkantolo. Ngokwehlukaniswa, inkantolo yanikela ngensika yegolide — kusuka lapho igama “金碑茶”; inkomba yezokuvakasha ibiza leli tiye ngokuthi “金杯茶”.
    * **I-Qing.** Ngesikhathi sika-Daoguang, ngokwenkomba yezokuvakasha, itiye laseNanjing lalivele laziwa. Abahwebi, ngokwehlukaniswa, babehlonipha izindawo ngesisho esithi “一金碑、二落垭、早茶出于盐井坝” — “okokuqala — i-Jinbei, okwesibili — i-Loya, kanti itiye lasekuseni — lisuka e-Yanjingba”.
    * **1958–1965.** Uhlobo lwatholwa okokuqala engadini yase-Mudan (牡丹园) esigodini sase-Jintai esifundeni sase-Liuba; ngo-1959 lwahlolwa i-Sichuan Tea Institute, ngo-1961 kwaba nokuhlolwa kwemvelaphi. NgoFebhuwari 1965, ngokwehlukaniswa, uhlobo lwafakwa phakathi kwezinhlobo eziyi-21 zendawo ezikhethekile zezwe.
    * **1985.** Ngo-April 1985, ngokwehlukaniswa, uhlobo lwaqashelwa njengolunye lwezinhlobo ezine zendawo ezikhethekile zase-Sichuan. Inkomba yezokuvakasha ibhala ukuthi umugqa we-Nanjing No. 2 ugunyazwe njengohlobo lwezinga likahulumeni; unyaka awushiwongo.
    * **2008–2009.** Ngokwenkomba ye-茶百科 kanye nehlukaniswa, ngo-Okthoba 2008 isifunda sathola isiqu esithi “中国富硒茶之乡” — “izwe letiye laseChina elicebile nge-selenium”; ingosi yemibhalo yendawo yase-Sichuan ibiza esinye isiqu nonyaka — “中国天然富硒茶之乡”, 2012. Ngo-2009 igama laba uphawu lokuqinisekisa (No. 7051049; i-茶百科 ibiza u-April, ingosi ibiza u-June), kwathi ngoNovemba 27 — inkomba yezolimo yendawo ngokwesimemezelo soMnyango Wezolimo No. 1297 (inombolo esimemezelweni AGI2009-09-00199).
    * **2025.** I-National Intellectual Property Administration ye-PRC ngesimemezelo No. 646 (esayinwe ngoSeptemba 23, sashicilelwa ngo-Okthoba 9) yaqashela imikhiqizo engama-870 enenkombampawu yendawo; i-Nanjing Daye Cha — isikhundla 515.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Ihlukaniswa lenkomba licaphuna amazwi ochwepheshe base-Sichuan: «历史悠久看蒙山，规模经营看峨嵋，品质优良在南江» — “ngomlando — e-Mengshan, ngesilinganiso — e-Emei, ngekhwalithi — e-Nanjing”.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe:**

* **Uhlobo / I-cultivar:** 南江大叶茶 — uhlobo olulodwa kuphela oluqanjwe ezidingweni zokuvikela. Izincazelo ziyahlukana. Inkomba ethandwayo i-茶百科 ibiza lolu hlobo ngokuthi olunembewu (有性系), olunesihlahla, olunamaqabunga aphakathi nendawo, olusenesikhathi futhi luyi-diploid. Inkomba yezolimo iluhlukanisa njengolunamaqabunga amakhulu: isihlahla esinomqhele ovulekile, amaqabunga amade-elliptical, anemizwa eyi-9–12 ngakunye, acwebezelayo. Ukuthi iyiphi incazelo enembile, akunakunqunywa emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Izici:** Ngokwehlukaniswa kwenkomba, imiqumbe iqala ukuhluma ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari, ukuvuna kuqala ekuqaleni kukaMashi, amahlumela awugqinsi, aluhlaza-phuzi, anoboya obuningi. Ngokwenkomba yezolimo, ukuvuna kwenzeka cishe izinsuku eziyi-10 ngaphambi kwezindawo zendawo, kanti isivuno siphezulu cishe ngama-30%.
* **Izinto ezingavuthiwe:** Ngokwezidingo zokuvikela: ngetiye elisicaba — umqumbe owodwa noma “iqabunga eligona umqumbe” (叶包芽); ngetiye elimise okw enaliti — “umqumbe neqabunga” noma “umqumbe namacembe amabili” ekuqaleni kokuvuleka.
* **Ukuvuna:** Kusenesikhathi, ngamaqoqo, kushiywa amacembe esihlahleni; iqabunga lihlungwa ngokushesha ngokuthamba, ngokufana nangokusha.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Umkhawulo osenyakatho we-Sichuan Basin; enyakatho isifunda sisemngceleni ne-Shaanxi.
* **Ukuphakama kokutshala:** 800–1200 m — ngokwezidingo zokuvikela.
* **Inhlabathi:** I-loam (壤土) enogqinsi olungenani lwama-50 cm, ecebile ngemisoco yamaminerali, i-pH 4.0–6.5. Inkomba yezokuvakasha ibhala nge-selenium “kusuka ku-0.26 μg/g”, ingacacisi ukuthi ikalwa kuphi.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Akukho mininingwane eqondile emithonjeni eqinisekisiwe.
* **Ukutshala:** Ngokwezidingo zokuvikela — izihlahla ezingama-4800–5000 nge-mu ngokutshala ngemigqa emibili; isihlahla sigcinwa ngobude obungama-60–90 cm, ukuthenwa okujulile — cishe njalo eminyakeni emihlanu.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Ukulandelana ngokwezidingo zokuvikela:

1.  **Ukusakaza (摊晾, *tānliàng*):** Endaweni enomoya, kuze kuvele iphunga elisha.
2.  **Ukulungisa (杀青, *shāqīng*):** 160–180 °C; ukunyakazisa kuhlanganiswa nokumboza (抖闷结合) — ukunyakazisa kakhulu, ukumboza kancane — kuze kunyamalale iphunga lotshani.
3.  **Ukubumba (做形, *zuòxíng*):** Ngezandla noma ngomshini: itiye elisicaba — kuze kube iqabunga elisicaba elibushelelezi, elimise okw enaliti — kuze kube liqondile, liqinile, liyindilinga.
4.  **Ukomiswa kokuqala (毛火, *máohuǒ*):** Itiye elisicaba — 90–110 °C, elimise okw enaliti — 110–120 °C, kuze kube “ukoma okuyisishiyagalolunye kweshumi”.
5.  **Ukuphola (摊晾).**
6.  **Ukomiswa kokugcina (足火, *zúhuǒ*):** 70–90 °C, kuze kube umswakama ocishe ube ngu-5%.
7.  **Ukukhetha (拣剔, *jiǎntī*):** Kususwa imvithi nokungcola.

**6. Izici Zokuzwa:**

Ngokwezidingo zokuvikela:

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Kuluhlaza ngobumnene, kunoboya (嫩绿有毫). Itiye elisicaba — lisicaba futhi lilingana (扁平匀齐), elimise okw enaliti — liqinile, lincane futhi liqondile (紧细挺直).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Ayikho incazelo ehlukile emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga loketshezi:** I-chestnut egcwele enethoni yoboya (栗香浓郁带毫香).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kugcwele, kuthambile, kuqabulayo (醇厚爽口).
* **Umbala woketshezi:** Uluhlaza ngobumnene, ukhanyayo (嫩绿亮).
* **Izinsalela zetiye (iqabunga eliphisiwe):** Kuphuzi-luhlaza, kukhanyayo (黄绿明亮).

Ingosi yase-Sichuan ichaza itiye ngendlela ehlukile — iqabunga eli-emerald, iphunga le-orchid, uketshezi oluphuzi-luhlaza; incike lapha embhalweni wezidingo.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Imikhawulo ye-physicochemical ngokwezidingo zokuvikela:

| Inkomba | Inani |
| :--- | :--- |
| Ama-polyphenol etiye | 18.0–29.0% |
| Ama-amino acid | 2.8–5.0% |
| Izinto ezikhiphekayo ezincibilikayo emanzini | 45.0–50.0% |
| I-Selenium | 0.05–0.25 μg/g |

Inkomba yezolimo inikeza ngamahlumela ohlobo “umqumbe namacembe amabili-ntathu” cishe ama-polyphenol angama-26.25%, i-caffeine engu-3.5% kanye nezinto ezikhiphekayo ezingama-46.07%; indlela nesampula akushiwongo.

**8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye uqobo.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g nge-150 ml.
* **Izitsha:** Ingilazi yengilazi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Fudumeza izitsha.
    2. Faka itiye bese uthela amanzi odongeni.
    3. Uketshezi lokuqala — emva kwemizuzwana engama-40–60.
    4. Phuza, ushiya ingxenye yoketshezi.
    5. Thela amanzi futhi.
    6. Ukuphindaphinda kabili noma kathathu.

**10. Ukugcina:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Ephepheni elivalekile, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama namaphunga. Kungcono ukuphuza phakathi nonyaka.

**11. Amanani kanye Nezinto Zomgunyathi:**

Ayikho imininingwane ngamanani emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Ukwazi ukugwema izinto zomgunyathi:**
    * Funani uphawu olukhethekile lwenkombampawu yendawo: ilungelo lokulusebenzisa ligunyazwa i-National Intellectual Property Administration ngokufaka isicelo ngesifunda.
    * Qinisekisa ukuthi itiye lenziwe endaweni evikelwe yesifunda sase-Nanjing. Uhlobo lukhula nasesifundeni esingumakhelwane i-Wangcang, ngakho igama lohlobo ephepheni alikafakazeli imvelaphi yaseNanjing.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Abahwebi betiye base-Shaanxi nase-Gansu eNanjing, ngokwehlukaniswa kwenkomba, babebizwa ngegama elithi “毛葫芦” — isidlaliso sezikhathi ze-Song ne-Ming.
* Ngokwehlukaniswa kwenkomba, ngo-1991 isikhungo sesayensi yetiye e-Meitan (Guizhou) saqhathanisa izingadi zeminyaka emihlanu: uhlobo lwaseNanjing lwakhiqiza amaphesenti angama-45 amaphepha amasha kune-福鼎大白茶 yeminyaka efanayo.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye aluhlaza ase-Sichuan:**

* **I-Micangshan Cha ([米仓山茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/micangshan-cha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza elisicaba lesifunda esingumakhelwane i-Wangcang, lapho kukhula khona nohlobo lwaseNanjing.
* **I-Wanyuan Fuxicha ([万源富硒茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/wanyuan-fuxicha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza eline-selenium lenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Sichuan efanayo, isikhundla esilandelayo sesimemezelo No. 646.
* **I-Mengding Gan Lu ([蒙顶甘露](https://thetea.app/zu/article/mengding-gan-lu)):** Itiye lentaba i-Mengdingshan — “ngomlando — e-Mengshan”.
* **I-Emei Zhuqing ([峨眉竹叶青](https://thetea.app/zu/article/emei-zhuyeqing)):** Itiye elisicaba lentaba i-Emei — “ngesilinganiso — e-Emei”.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Nanjing Daye Cha — isimo lapho igama letiye elivikelwe liqondana negama lesihlahla: uhlobo olwatholwa ngo-1958 futhi lwaqashelwa njengolukhethekile ngo-1965 lwaba yisisekelo setiye eliluhlaza elisicaba nelimise okw enaliti lasenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Sichuan. Enkomishini — uketshezi oluhlaza ngobumnene kanye nephunga le-chestnut eligcwele elinethoni yoboya.