---
title: "Nánchuān dàshù chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/nanchuan-dashu-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Nánchuān dàshù chá (南川大树茶)

**Nánchuān Dàshù Chá** (*Nánchuān dàshù chá*, 南川[大树茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/da-shu-cha)) — «itiye lezihlahla ezinkulu» lesifunda saseNánchuān (南川区) emzini waseChóngqìng, emazweni aseningizimu yentaba iJīnfóshān (金佛山). Igama linikezwe ngesihlahla: lolu uhlobo lwendawo lwesihlahla esifana nesihlahla, olunamaqabunga amakhulu athambile kanye nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-amino acid. Ngokwencazelo elethwa yiHhovisi Lomlando Wendawo laseChóngqìng, umkhiqizo wu itiye eliluhlaza. Livikelwa kabili: njengophawu lwezolimo lwendawo (2012) nanjengomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo lwe-CNIPA.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*), elingavutshelwe. Isisekelo incazelo ku-«Umlando WaseChóngqìng. Imikhiqizo Yezolimo Nekhethekile» (重庆市志·农特产品志): «南川大树茶产品为绿茶» — «umkhiqizo weNánchuān Dàshù Chá uwitiye eliluhlaza». IRejista yoMnyango Wezolimo ikhombisa kuphela isigaba esijwayelekile esithi «itiye» (茶叶).
* **Isigaba:** Itiye lohlobo lwendawo lwesihlahla; uphawu lwendawo lukaMnyango Wezolimo (2012) kanye ne-CNIPA.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, idolobha laseChóngqìng (重庆, *Chóngqìng*), isifunda saseNánchuān (南川区, *Nánchuān Qū*). Indawo esemthethweni ngokwesithasiselo sesaziso se-CNIPA No. 640: eningizimu yeJīnfóshān, empumalanga yeBáizhǐshān, enyakatho yeSānjièshān: izigodi zaseDélóng (德隆乡) neGǔhuā (古花乡), amadolobhana aseHéxī (合溪镇) naseDàyǒu (大有镇), idolobhana laseSānquán (三泉镇, umuzi waseMǎzuǐ). Amaphuzu akude kakhulu: empumalanga umuzi waseShījiā wesigodi saseGǔhuā, eningizimu iCǎobà yedolobhana laseHéxī, entshonalanga iCháshù wesigodi saseDélóng, enyakatho iMǎzuǐ yedolobhana laseSānquán.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** 107°02′09″–107°18′06″ E, 28°31′48″–28°53′16″ N.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Izihlahla zasendulo.** Imininingwane emithonjeni iyaphikisana. Umlando ubhala cishe ngezihlahla eziyi-18 000, zonke zinamapuleti okuvikela; ubudala besikhulu kunazo zonke, ngokwesilinganiso sochwepheshe okubhekiselwa kuso umlando, bungaphezu kweminyaka eyi-1400. Isizindalwazi seHhovisi Lezobunini Bezingqondo saseChóngqìng sibala izihlahla ezingaphezu kwezi-2000 kanye nobudala besikhulu kunazo zonke bungaphezu kweminyaka eyi-2700. Ukuthi yisiphi isilinganiso esiyiqiniso, akunakunqunywa.
    * **«INkosi Yezihlahla Zetiye».** Isihlahla esikhulu kunazo zonke sikhula emzaneni waseCháshù (茶树村, «isihlahla setiye») esigodini saseDélóng. Umlando usibiza ngokuthi «inkosi yezihlahla zetiye» (茶树王), iHhovisi Lezobunini Bezingqondo laseChóngqìng lisibiza ngokuthi «ukhokho wezihlahla zetiye» (茶树鼻祖).
    * **2012.** UMnyango Wezolimo wafaka iNánchuān Dàshù Chá kurejista yezophawu lwezolimo lwendawo (AGI00949); umnikazi inhlangano yetiye yesifunda saseNánchuān. IHhovisi Lezobunini Bezingqondo laseChóngqìng libeka usuku lokubhaliswa kumhla zingama-28 kuNdasa 2012.
    * **Ucwaningo.** IYunivesithi yaseNingizimu-ntshonalanga (西南大学) yacwaninga ukucutshungulwa kwaleli qabunga kube itiye elibomvu; emsebenzini wango-2019 iqabunga laqoqwa ngo-April 2018 endaweni yokubonisa esigodini saseDélóng. Lokhu kungucwaningo, hhayi incazelo yomkhiqizo.
    * **CNIPA.** Igama laqashelwa njengomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo (isaziso No. 640).
* **Igama:**
    * «Nánchuān» (南川) — ngokwezwi nezwi «umfula oseningizimu», igama lesifunda.
    * «Dàshù chá» (大树茶, *dàshù chá*) — «itiye lezihlahla ezinkulu»: itiye elivela ezihlahleni, hhayi ezihlahleni ezincane.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** IHhovisi Lezobunini Bezingqondo laseChóngqìng libiza iJīnfóshān njengenye yezindawo zemvelaphi yesihlahla setiye sasendle futhi libhala ukuthi uhlobo olufanayo alutholakali kwenye indawo; lokhu kungukuhlola kwalo, ukuhlolwa okuzimele akukho emithonjeni etholakele.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Uhlobo / Cultivar:** Ngokomlando uhlobo lwendawo lwesihlahla ([乔木](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qiaomuguanmu)型, *qiáomù xíng*) lwasendle lwezintaba iJīnfóshān esifundeni saseNánchuān. Iqabunga likhulu, lithambile, liluhlaza okuphuzi; isihlahla siyakwazi ukumelana neqhwa. Ama-amino acid, ngokomlando, maningi ikakhulukazi: afinyelela ku-**4,3 %**. Emsebenzini weYunivesithi yaseNingizimu-ntshonalanga izinto zokusetshenziswa zibhalwe njengohlobo *Camellia nanchuanica*.
* **Ukuqoqwa:** Izikhathi azikhonjisiwe emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Izinga lokuqoqa:** Ngokomlando umkhiqizo uhlukaniswa ngo-«itiye lekhwalithi» (优质茶) kanye no-«itiye elidumile» (名茶). Kwelekhwalithi kuqoqwa ihlumela elinamaqabunga amabili kanye nehlumela elinamaqabunga amathathu asanda kuvuleka kancane, kwelidumile kusuka ehlumeleni elilodwa kuya ehlumeleni elineqabunga elilodwa elivulekile.
* **Izidingo zezinto zokusetshenziswa:** Iqabunga lezihlahla ezivela ezingxenyeni ezinhlanu zendawo esemthethweni. Umquba ngokuyinhloko umquba wezilwane.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Amazwe aseningizimu yeJīnfóshān, empumalanga yeBáizhǐshān nasenyakatho yeSānjièshān. Ngokomlando, itiye lapha likhula lixubene nezitshalo zokwelapha.
* **Ukuphakama kokukhula:** **800–1600 m** ngokomlando. IHhovisi Lezobunini Bezingqondo laseChóngqìng libala 1000–1500 m, kanti isigodi saseDélóng sibeka ngaphezu kwama-1400 m.
* **Inhlabathi:** Ngokomlando i-acidic kancane, i-pH 4,5–6,5; inhlabathi «biānshātǔ» (扁沙土) emadwaleni ePermian, izinto eziphilayo ziningi.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Isimo sezulu esimanzi se-subtropical monsoon: ubusika bufushane, intwasahlobo ifika kusenesikhathi, ihlobo lide, izimvula zifika kanye nokushisa, ngokuphakama isimo sezulu sishintsha kakhulu. Ngokomlando, eJīnfóshān ezinyangeni ezishisayo kuhlala cishe u-17 °C; imvula icishe ibe ngu-1400 mm ngonyaka; izinsuku ezinokhuphuka kwamanzi zingaba ngu-260, umswakama womoya ungama-90 %.
* **Indawo:** Ngokwemininingwane yomlando 700 ha, ukukhiqizwa cishe amathani ayi-100.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Ngokomlando, umkhiqizo uwitiye eliluhlaza lamazinga amabili:

* **Itiye lekhwalithi (优质茶):** ukunabisa kweqabunga elisha — ukulungisa (杀青, *shāqīng*) — ukusonga — ukomisa. Izinga liyi-GB/T 14456.1—2017 letiye eliluhlaza.
* **Itiye elidumile (名茶):** iqabunga elisha — ukunabisa nokupholisa — ukulungisa — ukusonga — ukunikeza isimo — ukomisa — ukusefa — ukupakisha. Izinga liyi-DB50/27—2008 lendawo letiye eliluhlaza lezinga eliphezulu.

Amazinga okushisa nobude bezinyathelo awekho emithonjeni etholakele.

Ukuhlolwa kokufaneleka okulethwa umlando:

* **Itiye eliluhlaza** laphuma linephunga eliphezulu kanye nokunambitheka okugcwele, limelana nokuchithwa kaningi.
* **I-wūlóng** yaphuma ingcono nakakhulu.
* **Itiye elibomvu eligayiwe** (红碎茶, *hóngsuìchá*) ngekhwalithi liphakeme kunelivela ezinhlotsheni ezimaphakathi nezincane zaseSìchuān kanye nezixuku zaseFújiàn, futhi lisondele ohlotsheni lwaseYúnnán lwamakhulu amakhulu.

**6. Izici Zokunambitha:**

Incazelo yomlando yetiye eliluhlaza:

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Liminyene, likhulu (肥壮), liluhlaza okumnyama.
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Ayikho incazelo ehlukile.
* **Iphunga lokuphisa:** Iphunga eligcwele lohlobo; umlando awucacisi ukuthi libhekise eqabungeni elomile noma ekuphiseni.
* **Ukunambitheka:** Okusha futhi okuthambile, nokunambitheka okumnandi ngemva.
* **Umbala wokuphisa:** Oluhlaza okuphuzi, ogqamile.
* **Isisekelo setiye (iqabunga eliphekiwe):** Okuluhlaza okuphuzi, okulinganayo nokugqamile.

Incazelo yetiye elibomvu elivela kuleli qabunga ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Ngokomlando: ama-amino acid — afinyelela ku-**4,3 %**; izinto ezincibilika emanzini — okungenani 35 %; umswakama — okungenani 6,5 %; umlotha — okungenani 6,5 %.

Ngokomsebenzi weYunivesithi yaseNingizimu-ntshonalanga (2019), eqabungeni elisha kunama-catechin amaningi, kuhlanganise ne-EGCG; etiyeni elibomvu elingakapheki elivela kuleli qabunga ama-amino acid akhululekile angu-36,34 mg/g.

**8. Izinto Eziwusizo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngokwalo.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza. Umlando ugcina nje ngokuthi itiye limelana nokuchithwa kaningi.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g ku-150 ml.
* **Isitsha:** Ingilazi noma i-gàiwǎn.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Ukushisa isitsha.
    2. Faka itiye, uthele amanzi amancane, uvumele iqabunga livuleke.
    3. Thela amanzi engeziwe; ukuphisa kokuqala emva kwemizuzu emi-1–2.
    4. Ukuphisa okuphindwayo ngokwengeza isikhathi.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza. Emaphaketheni avaliwe, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama namaphunga angaphandle.

**11. Intengo kanye Nokukhwabanisa:**

Ayikho imininingwane ngentengo emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Indlela yokugwema ukukhwabanisa:**
    * Bheka uphawu lwendawo.
    * Hlola ukuthi umkhiqizi ungowesinye sezingxenye ezinhlanu zendawo esemthethweni.
    * Amagama athi «大树茶» ephaketheni awasho lutho: abizwa kanjalo itiye lezihlahla ezindala ezifundeni eziningi, ikakhulukazi e-Yúnnán.
    * Ngokomlando, iqabunga laseNánchuān likhulu futhi liminyene, liluhlaza okumnyama; iqabunga elincane lesihlahla esincane akulona umkhiqizo ofanele.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Umuzi lapho kukhula khona «inkosi yezihlahla zetiye» ubizwa kanjalo nje: iCháshù, «isihlahla setiye».
* Ekuhlolweni i-wūlóng evela kuleli qabunga yaphuma ingcono kunetiye eliluhlaza, nakuba umkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo usalokhu uwitiye eliluhlaza.
* Izilinganiso zenani nobudala bezihlahla ziyaphikisana kakhulu: kusuka ezihlahleni eziyi-2000 kuye kweziyi-18 000 kanye neminyaka eyi-1400 kuye kweyi-2700 endala kunazo zonke.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa Namanye Amatiye:**

* **Dàshù Chá (大树茶):** Igama elijwayelekile letiye lezihlahla ezindala, ikakhulukazi laseYúnnán; eleNánchuān linohlobo lwalo kanye nendawo yalo esemthethweni.
* **Nánchuān Hóngchá ([南川红茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/nanchuan-hongcha)):** Itiye elibomvu lesifunda esifanayo, isihloko esihlukile se-encyclopedia.
* **Nánchuān Lǜchá ([南川绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/nanchuan-lucha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda sonke; kwiNánchuān Dàshù Chá izinto zokusetshenziswa ziwuhlobo lwendawo lwesihlahla kuphela, kanti indawo yizo zingxenye ezinhlanu.
* **Yǒngchuān Xiùyá ([永川秀芽](https://thetea.app/zu/article/yongchuan-xiu-ya)):** Itiye eliluhlaza elinaliti laseChóngqìng elivela ezihlahleni ezincane.
* **Diānhóng ([滇红](https://thetea.app/zu/article/dianhong)):** Itiye elibomvu elivela ohlotsheni lwaseYúnnán lwamakhulu amakhulu, lelo umlando oluqhathanisa nalo iqabunga laseNánchuān ekuhlolweni kwetiye elibomvu eligayiwe.

**Ekuphetheni:**

INánchuān Dàshù Chá itiye lapho okubalulekile isihlahla: uhlobo lwendawo lwesihlahla lwezintaba iJīnfóshān olunamakhulu amakhulu athambile kanye nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-amino acid, ngaphansi kokuvikelwa njengophawu lwendawo olunendawo eqondile. Ngokomlando waseChóngqìng umkhiqizo uwitiye eliluhlaza lamazinga amabili; ukuhlolwa kukhombise ukuthi iqabunga lifaneleka nakwi-wūlóng, nakwitiye elibomvu eligayiwe. Inani nobudala bezihlahla kusalokhu kuyimpikiswano.