---
title: "Mùzǐ āpó chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/muzi-apo-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Mùzǐ āpó chá (木梓阿婆茶)

**UMuzi Apo Cha** (*Mùzǐ āpó chá*, 木梓阿婆茶) — “itiye likagogo laseMuzi”, itiye elibomvu lamalokishi amathathu esifunda saseGangnan (港南区) emasipala wedolobha laseGuigang eningizimu-mpumalanga yeGuangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Izingadi zilele emagqumeni ezintaba zaseLiuwan Dashan, eduze komfula kanye nechibi laseWusijiang. Kusukela ngo-2019 igama livikelwe njengophawu lwezindawo zezolimo lwezwe, futhi kusukela ngo-2025 — njengomkhiqizo onophawu lwezindawo ngokwesimemezelo seNational Intellectual Property Administration (CNIPA). Umbhalo wokuvikela usayina ngqo umkhiqizo “木梓阿婆茶（红茶）” futhi unikeza ubuchwepheshe obubili betiye elibomvu — obomshini nobesandla. Umfelandawonye wendawo wenza netiye eliluhlaza, kodwa umbhalo awulichazi.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye elibomvu (红茶, *hóngchá*), elibiliswe ngokuphelele. Izingxenye zombhalo eziphathelene nokubukeka nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali zisayinwe “木梓阿婆茶（红茶）”, kuzo zombili izikimu zobuchwepheshe kunokuvutshelwa (发酵, *fājiào*).
* **Isigaba:** Itiye elibomvu laseGuangxi; uphawu lwezindawo zezolimo lwezwe (2019) kanye nomkhiqizo onophawu lwezindawo (CNIPA, isimemezelo № 640, 2025).
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, iGuangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (广西, *Guǎngxī*), idolobha laseGuigang (贵港, *Guìgǎng*), isifunda saseGangnan (港南, *Gǎngnán*).
* **Indawo evikelwe:** Amalokishi aseWatang (瓦塘镇), eMuge (木格镇) naseMuzi (木梓镇) — amalokishi ama-3 kanye nemizana yokuphatha engama-63; le ndawo ichazwa kanjalo kokubili ukubhaliswa kwezolimo kanye nesimemezelo se-CNIPA. Isikhungo sokukhiqiza, ngokwe-“Guangxi Ribao” (2019), — yiMuzi neMuge.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** 109°30′–109°47′ Empumalanga, 22°39′–22°58′ eNyakatho — ngokombhalo wokuvikela.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Ubukhosi bakwaQing.** I-“Guangxi Ribao” (2019) ibhala ukuthi itiye lalitshalwa lapha kakade ngesikhathi sobukhosi bakwaQing, kodwa ayinikezi imibhalo. Ihovisi lezohwebo ledolobha laseGuigang (2023) lixhumanisa naleli tiye umugqa ovela ku-“Guiyang Zhuzhici” (《贵阳竹枝词》), eliwubiza ngoMo Qian (莫潜), umeluleki wesikole sesifunda saseGuixian (贵县) ngeminyaka yeTongzhi: «一阵香风吹市过，阿婆新煮雨前茶» — “emakethe kwadlula umoya onephunga elimnandi: ugogo wenza itiye elisha eliqoqwe ngaphambi kwesizini yeGuyu”. Umbhalo ozimele wenkondlo awutholakali emithonjeni etholakele; ukuxhumana komugqa netiye lamanje — incazelo yehhovisi.
    * **Ama-1970.** Ngokwesizindalwazi semikhiqizo yendawo, umfelandawonye wokuhlinzeka nokuthengisa welokishi laseMuzi wasungula lapha isizinda saleli tiye, futhi ifekthri yawo yayikhiqiza itiye elibomvu eligayiwe (红碎茶, *hóngsuìchá*) — elinye lamatiye amathathu adumile aseGuigang kanye neGuiping Xishan Cha (桂平[西山茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xishan-cha)) neTangtang Maojian ([覃塘毛尖](https://thetea.app/zu/article/tantang-maojian)茶). Akukho ukuqinisekiswa okusemthethweni.
    * **2009.** Kwasungulwa umfelandawonye okhethekile wamatiye; ngo-2019 wawunamalungu angaphezu kwama-200 kanye nesizinda esicishe sibe yi-2000 *mu*.
    * **2017–2018.** Isitifiketi “somkhiqizo ongenazo izinto eziyingozi” (无公害农产品); isizinda sahlonzwa njengepaki eyisibonelo yezolimo ezikhethekile zanamuhla zaseGuangxi — ngokwe-“Guangxi Ribao” ngo-2018, ngokwehhovisi lezohwebo ngo-2019. NgoJulayi 2018, iBureau “yemikhiqizo eluhlaza” yaseGuangxi yenza ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi ukulungiselela uphawu oluzayo.
    * **2019.** Ukubhaliswa kophawu lwezindawo zezolimo lwezwe loMnyango WezoLimo waseChina, isitifiketi AGI02730; umnikazi — isikhungo sokusabalalisa ubuchwepheshe bezolimo besifunda saseGangnan. NgoJulayi umfelandawonye wathatha indawo yokuqala eqenjini lokwenziwa kwetiye eliluhlaza ngesandla emqhudelwaneni wokuqala waseGuigang wokuqoqa nokukhiqiza itiye ngesandla. Ngokwe-“Guangxi Ribao” (Februwari 2019), ngaleso sikhathi itiye lalikhiqizwa amafekthri amathathu — iMuzi Apo Cha Chang, iMuzi Changli Hepo Cha Chang, neMuge Beiyi Cha Chang.
    * **2022.** Itiye elibomvu lomfelandawonye — isiliva emqhudelwaneni wezimpahla zokuvakasha “Guangxi Youli”.
    * **2023.** Ihovisi lezohwebo ledolobha laseGuigang (Meyi 2023) libhala ukuthi umfelandawonye unezingadi ezingaba ngu-1500 *mu* kanye nevolumu yonyaka yokukhiqiza ecishe ibe yizigidi ezingama-32 zama-yuan, kanti indawo yawo eyisibonelo ilele edolobhaneni laseGaoyang (高仰屯) lomzana wokuphatha waseMuzi. Umbiko kuwebhusayithi yoMnyango WezoLimo wonyaka ofanayo ubiza ingqikithi yendawo yokutshala iMuzi Apo Cha njengengaphezu kuka-2000 *mu*.
    * **2025.** Isimemezelo se-CNIPA № 640 (esayinwe zi-16 Julayi, sashicilelwa zi-13 Agasti) saqaphela igama njengomkhiqizo onophawu lwezindawo — isikhundla 1128 kwabangu-1409; umfakisicelo — isikhungo esifanayo sesifunda.
* **Igama:** 木梓 (*Mùzǐ*) — ilokishi laseMuzi; 阿婆 (*āpó*) — “ugogo”; 茶 — itiye. Ukuthi igama “ugogo” livelaphi, imithombo etholakele ayichazi.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** IMuzi iyilokishi eliseningizimu kakhulu eGuigang, “amasango aseningizimu” edolobha emibhalweni yendawo. Ihovisi lezolimo lesifunda saseGangnan (2022) kanye nehhovisi lezohwebo laseGuigang (2023) babhala ukuthi itiye laziwa ngokuthi “utshani obuyisimangaliso obakhule eLiuwan Dashan” (六万大山结出的仙草).

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Izinhlobo / Ama-cultivar:** Umbhalo uvumela “inhlobo yendawo efanelekile kanye nezinhlobo ezifanelekile ezinamaqabunga amancane naphakathi” (适制的本地[群体种](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qunti-zhong)及适制的中小叶品种), ngaphandle kokuziqamba. Umbiko kuwebhusayithi yoMnyango WezoLimo ka-2023 ubala ngezisekelo zamatiye zesifunda sonke inhlobo yendawo “Hepo Cha”, itiye laseYunnan elinamaqabunga amakhulu, iYingshuang (迎霜), neBaihaozao (白毫早); ukuthi yiziphi ezisetshenziswa etiyeni elivikelwe, akushiwo.
* **Iminyaka yezihlahla:** Ngokwamazwi omphathi womfelandawonye embikweni ofanayo, izihlahla endaweni eyisibonelo zinengaphezu kweminyaka engama-50.
* **Ukutshala:** Ngentwasahlobo noma ekwindla; umugqa owodwa ngohlelo lwe-1.5 × 0.3 m noma imigqa emibili enomgudu we-1.5 m.
* **Ukuqoqa:** Ngokombhalo — ngezikhathi zonyaka nangamaqembu (“宜清明前谷雨后按需分季、分批采收”), ngendlela “yokuvuleka kweqabunga” (开面采), lapho iqabunga eliphezulu lehlumela selivele livulekile, noma ngokwezici zohlobo.
* **Izinto zokusetshenziswa:** Ihovisi lezolimo lesifunda saseGangnan (2022) libhala ngezinto zokusetshenziswa “iqabunga elinamaqabunga amabili”.

**4. Indawo Kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Iningizimu yesifunda saseGuigang, amagquma ezintaba zaseLiuwan Dashan (六万大山, *Liùwàn dàshān*). Ngokwehhovisi lezohwebo, elokishini laseMuzi kunomfula iWusijiang (武思江, *Wǔsī jiāng*) kanye nechibi legama elifanayo.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Imvula eningi, ubusika ngaphandle kwamakhaza aqinile, ihlobo ngaphandle kokushisa okukhathazayo, isikhathi eside ngaphandle kwesithwathwa. Umbiko ofanayo uxhumanisa ukuvela kusenesikhathi kwamahlumela nokuphakama okuphansi nesimo sezulu esithambile.
* **Ukuphakama kokutshala:** Imininingwane yezinombolo ayitholakali emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Inhlabathi:** Ngokombhalo wokuvikela, phezulu kunodaka lwe-humus olungaphezu kuka-20 cm, ngezansi kunenhlabathi ebomvu edwaleni lukamama lwamatshe entaba-mlilo. Izinto eziphilayo zingama-3–4.5 %, i-pH icishe ibe ngu-5.5, i-selenium inani eliphakeme. Ihhovisi lentela libiza isifunda saseGangnan njengendawo enenhlabathi ecebile nge-selenium futhi libika (2020) ukuthi “Apo Cha” lahlonzwa eGuangxi njengomkhiqizo ocebile nge-selenium.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Umbhalo wokuvikela unikeza izikimu ezimbili zetiye elibomvu ezinemigomo — lena incazelo yaleli tiye, hhayi isikimu esijwayelekile sesigaba.

**Isikimu somshini:** 晾青 → 萎凋 → 揉捻 → 解块 → 发酵 → 烘干 → 复烘 → 筛选.

1.  **Ukupholisa kweqabunga elisha (晾青, *liàngqīng*):** Isendlalelo esingu-2–3 cm, 20–25 °C, imizuzu engu-15–30 — kuze kube yilapho umswakama usuka ebusweni beqabunga.
2.  **Ukubuna (萎凋, *wěidiāo*):** Cishe amahora ama-3–8, kuze kube yilapho iqabunga lithambile futhi lilahlekelwe ngama-20–25% omswakama.
3.  **Ukusonteka (揉捻, *róuniǎn*):** Imizuzu engama-80–100, kuze kube yilapho kukhiqizwa ujusi omningi.
4.  **Ukuqeda izigaxa (解块, *jiěkuài*).**
5.  **Ukuvutshelwa (发酵, *fājiào*):** Isendlalelo esingu-8–11 cm ngaphansi kukathayela omanzi kakotini ekhabhinethini yokuvutshelwa; 28–30 °C, umswakama 85–90%, amahora ama-4–6.
6.  **Ukomisa (烘干, *hōnggān*):** Isomisi sekhabhinethi, ukoma kokuqala ngezigaba ezimbili, izinga lokushisa lokuqala 110–120 °C, ukulahleka komswakama 80–90%.
7.  **Ukomisa kabusha (复烘, *fùhōng*):** 110–115 °C, kuze kube umswakama uba ngu-5–6%, kuze kube yilapho iqabunga ligayeka phakathi kweminwe libe yimpuphu.
8.  **Ukusefa (筛选, *shāixuǎn*):** Izimvuthu ziyasuswa, umkhiqizo — iqabunga elisontekile.

**Isikimu sesandla** sihluke ngezigaba ezimbili:

* **Ukusonteka ngesandla:** Ukugingqa ngentende (弓掌滚球式) imizuzu engama-25–30, bese kusonteka esikhwameni sendwangu nokukhishwa komhwamuko njalo ngemizuzu engu-15–20, okungenani okuphindwe kathathu, ngokushaywa ngobumnene nokujikijelwa ukuze kukhishwe ujusi — sekukonke cishe imizuzu engama-90–100.
* **Ukuvutshelwa ngesandla:** Ngaphansi kwendwangu emanzi egumbini lokuvutshelwa ku-25–28 °C nomswakama ongu-90%, iqabunga — 30 °C, ukuphendulwa njalo ngemizuzu engama-30–40. Ngemva kwamahora ama-2–3 iphunga lotshani liyahamba, kuvele iphunga eliminyene lezimbali nezithelo, iqabunga liba mnyama libe bomvu.

Umbiko kuwebhusayithi yoMnyango WezoLimo ka-2023 uchaza itiye lasentwasahlobo lomfelandawonye ngenye indlela — ngokuqinisa kanye “nokugazinga kathathu nokusonteka kathathu”. Lokhu akusona isikimu sombhalo wokuvikela.

**6. Izici Zokuzwa:**

Ngokombhalo wokuvikela:

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Kusonteke ngokuqinile, kumnyama ngokucwebezela, noboya obuvelayo (条索紧结，色泽乌润显毫).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Akukho ncazelo ehlukile emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lokumnika:** Iphunga lezimbali nezithelo, eliminyene nelihlala isikhathi eside (花果香浓郁持久).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kumuncu futhi kuthambile (滋味甜醇).
* **Umbala wokumnika:** Ubomvu, ugqamile (汤色红亮).
* **Isisefo setiye (iqabunga elisebenziwe):** Kubomvu, kukhanya (叶底红明).

Izincwadi zendawo zichaza itiye ngendlela ehlukile. Ihovisi lezolimo lesifunda saseGangnan (2022): “lilula kodwa linephunga elimnandi” (味淡而香), nokubuya okumnandi isikhathi eside. Ihovisi lezohwebo laseGuigang (2023) libiza umbala wetiye elibomvu ngokuthi “phuzi ngokukhanyayo” (色泽淡黄) — lokhu kuyaphikisana nombhalo. Umbhalo ofanayo ukhuluma ngetiye lilonke — ukunambitheka okugcwele, okuhlanzekile nokubuya okumnandi isikhathi eside (茶味厚实、滋味纯口、回甘持久), kanti itiye eliluhlaza eliqoqwe ngaphambi kweQingming (明前茶), ulichaza njengelihlanzekile, elipholile nelisha, nephunga elivuselelayo. Umphathi womfelandawonye embikweni kuwebhusayithi yoMnyango WezoLimo ka-2023 ubiza izici zaleli tiye ngokuthi ukugcwala, ubumnandi nendawo yokukhiqiza amathe (醇厚、甘甜、生津).

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Izidingo zomzimba namakhemikhali zombhalo wokuvikela:

| Inkomba | Isidingo |
| :--- | :--- |
| Ama-polyphenols etiye | okungenani 5% |
| Ama-amino acid | ngaphezu kuka-2.5% |
| I-caffeine | 1.5–3.5% |
| Izinto ezincibilikayo emanzini | okungenani 35% |

Lezi yizindinganiso zombhalo, hhayi izilinganiso zamaqoqo athile.

**8. Izinto Eziwusizo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye uqobo.

**9. Ukwenziwa Kwetiye:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye elibomvu.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 90–95 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g nge-150 ml.
* **Izitsha:** Igaiwan noma i-teapot yobumba.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Ukufudumeza isitsha.
    2. Ukubeka itiye.
    3. Ukumnika kokuqala — cishe umzuzu owodwa.
    4. Ukuphalaza kuze kuphele, ungashiyi itiye emanzini.
    5. Ukuphindaphinda izikhathi ezine kuya kwezinhlanu ngokwelula.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Endaweni eyomile emnyama esezingeni lokushisa legumbi, ephaketheni eliqinile, kude namaphunga.

**11. Intengo Kanye Nemikhiqizo Yomgunyathi:**

Ayikho imininingwane yamanani emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Ukwenza kanjani ukugwema imikhiqizo yomgunyathi:**
    * Funa uphawu olukhethekile lwendawo: ilungelo lalo umkhiqizi ovela endaweni ulithola ngehhovisi lobunikazi bengqondo besifunda saseGangnan, ukuphathwa kweGuangxi, kanye ne-CNIPA.
    * Hlola imvelaphi: amalokishi aseWatang, eMuge naseMuzi kuphela.
    * Khumbula ukuthi umbhalo uchaza itiye elibomvu; itiye eliluhlaza ngaphansi kwegama elifanayo lendawo alichazwa umbhalo.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Umbhalo wokuvikela unikeza ubuchwepheshe obubili — obomshini nobesandla; ukusonteka ngesandla kuthatha cishe ihora nengxenye.
* Izinga lama-polyphenols — lingu-5% kuphela, okuphansi ngokuphindwe kane kunalelo letiye eliluhlaza iGupa Cha ([古琶茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/gupa-cha)) elivela esimemezelweni esifanayo № 640.
* Phakathi kwezinhlobo zesifunda umbiko ka-2023 ubala inhlobo yendawo “Hepo Cha”, kanti ngo-2019 itiye lalikhiqizwa ifekthri iMuzi Changli Hepo Cha Chang; ukuthi “Hepo” kuhlobene yini no-“Apo”, imithombo ayisho.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye aseGuangxi:**

* **IXishan Cha (西山茶):** Itiye eliluhlaza laseGuiping esifundeni esifanayo saseGuigang; isizindalwazi sibeka eduze netiye elibomvu eligayiwe laseMuzi eqenjini lamatiye amathathu adumile esifunda.
* **IJinxiu Hongcha ([金秀红茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/jinxiu-hongcha)):** Itiye elibomvu lezintaba zaseDayaoshan elivela esimemezelweni esifanayo № 640.
* **IXingye Cha ([兴业茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xingye-cha)):** Itiye elibomvu lesifunda saseXingye esifundeni saseYulin, naso sivela esimemezelweni № 640; ngaphansi kwegama laso esifundeni benza netiye eliluhlaza.

**Ekuphetheni:**

IMuzi Apo Cha — itiye elibomvu lamalokishi amathathu esifunda saseGangnan emagqumeni aseLiuwan Dashan, enhlabathini ene-selenium ephezulu. Umbhalo wokuvikela ka-2025 ulichaza ngokuningiliziwe: ubuchwepheshe obubili obunemigomo, iqabunga elimnyama eliqinile elinoboya, ukumnika okubomvu ngokugqamile, iphunga lezimbali nezithelo. Umlando wokuqala uncike ezindabeni zendawo nasemugqeni wenkondlo yobukhosi bakwaQing, okuqinisekisiwe — kumfelandawonye ka-2009, ukubhaliswa kuka-2019 nokuqashelwa kuka-2025.