---
title: "mídiéxiāng"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/midiexiang
lang: zu
updated: 2026-09-18
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# mídiéxiāng (迷迭香)

I-rosemary iyisithako esomile esinephunga elimnandi nesinongayo, esivame ukuvela emashalofini etiye nasezikhathalogweni "zezimbali", kodwa ngokwezigaba zesiShayina akulona itiye futhi alingeni emthethweni we-花茶 *huā chá*. Ngezansi — ukuthi umngcele udlula kuphi ngempela, kungani i-rosemary ingene esigabeni "sezimbali nezomile", nokuthi ungawufunda kanjani umbhalo welebuli uma kubhalwe "迷迭香茶" kuyo.

## Isinqumo esifushane

Isigaba se-FLOWERS AND DRY siqoqa izigaba ezimbili ezahlukene zezinto. Esokuqala — i-花茶 yangempela: itiye elinathise ngezimbali eziphilayo ngobuchwepheshe be-窨制 *yìn zhì*, lapho kukhona iqabunga letiye kanye nesisekelo setiye esikhethwa ngokwehlukana. Esesibili — i-非茶之茶 *fēi chá zhī chá*, "itiye okungelona itiye": izimbali ezomile, amaqabunga kanye namakhambi, ukuphiswa kwawo okusondelene namasiko netiye, kodwa ngokomthetho kuhlukanisiwe kulo. I-rosemary ingeyeqembu lesibili: alikho iqabunga letiye kuyo, ngakho-ke alikho nekilasi letiye.

Lena indaba ye-taxonomy, hhayi yekhwalithi yesithako. Ukuhlukaniswa kwesiShayina kusekelwe emakilasini ayisithupha ayisisekelo etiye, okwengezwe kuwo i-再加工茶 *zài jiā gōng chá* — ikilasi lesikhombisa, ngaphandle kwayisithupha ayisisekelo, lapho kungena khona i-花茶. Isimo sokuba yingxenye yakhona silula: kufanele kube khona i-茶坯 *chá pī*, isisekelo setiye. Kaningi kuba yi-烘青绿茶 *hōng qīng lǜ chá*, kodwa kukhona nezisekelo ezibomvu, ze-oolong nezimhlophe. Lapho i-茶坯 ingekho, umkhiqizo uhlala uyingxube yamakhambi, noma ngabe ubizwa kanjani ezitolo.

## Lapho i-rosemary ingekho khona emthethweni we-花茶

Uhlu lokuhlela lwezinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-花茶 lunamaphuzu ayishumi, futhi i-rosemary ayikho kuwo ngaphansi kwanoma yiliphi ifulegi lokwethembeka — noma ngaphansi kwe-O esemthethweni, noma i-A yezemfundo, noma i-M yemakethe, i-V yomthengisi noma i-C yomphakathi. Umthetho ubukeka kanje:

- 茉莉花茶 *mòlì huā chá*, i-jasmine — umongameli wesigaba, isisekelo ngokuyinhloko siyi-烘青绿茶, izifunda 福州 *Fúzhōu*, 横县 *Héngxiàn*, 苏州 *Sūzhōu* kanye ne-Guangxi (ifulegi O+A);
- izinhlobo ze-jasmine eziphezulu — 茉莉龙珠 *mòlì lóng zhū*, 银针 *yín zhēn*, 大白毫 *dà bái háo*: "amaparele" asongwe nezinaliti ngesisekelo sezinso ezinoboya obumhlophe obuningi (高白毫), ukuphindwa kwe-窨 okuningi, 福州 ne-横县;
- 桂花茶 *guì huā chá*, i-osmanthus, ngesisekelo esiluhlaza, se-oolong noma esibomvu — 桂林 *Guìlín*, 咸宁 *Xiánníng*, 苏州;
- 玫瑰花茶 *méi guī huā chá*, i-rose, ngokuyinhloko ngesisekelo esibomvu — 平阴 *Píngyīn* e-Shandong nase-Guangdong;
- 白兰花茶 *bái lán huā chá*, i-magnolia, imbali yase-Guangzhou, isisekelo siyi-烘青绿茶, izifunda 广州 ne-苏州; igcwele futhi ishibhile kune-jasmine;
- 珠兰花茶 *zhū lán huā chá*, i-chloranthus (珠兰 — 金粟兰), ethambile, umugqa omdala wase-Huizhou ovela e-歙县 *Shèxiàn*, kanye no-福州;
- 玳玳花茶 *dài dài huā chá*, embalini yewolintshi elibabayo, ene-citrus ebabayo, 江浙;
- 柚子花茶 *yòu zi huā chá*, i-pomelo-flower eyisipesheli, e-Fujian nase-Guangdong;
- 工艺花茶 *gōng yì huā chá* (开花茶), izinhlanganisela ezenziwe ngesandla zamahlumela awodwa nezimbali ezomile, ezivulekayo engilazini — 黄山 no-金华;
- umbhangqwana osemngceleni we-菊花 *jú huā* kanye ne-菊普 *jú pǔ*.

Isilinganiso esivamile samaphuzu ayisishiyagalolunye okuqala — isisekelo setiye. Eseshumi sihamba nesexwayiso esiqondile: 菊花 ngokwayo akulona iqabunga letiye, kanti i-菊普 iyinhlanganisela ye-chrysanthemum ne-shu-puer, okungukuthi ingxube, hhayi i-窨制.

I-rosemary isondelene kakhulu nengqondo yalomugqa weshumi: isithako esomile kanye nengxenye yezingxube, kodwa hhayi uhlobo lwe-花茶.

## Kungani ubuchwepheshe be-窨制 bungayamukeli

I-窨制 — ukunathisa isisekelo setiye ngembali ephilayo, hhayi ukuxuba izithako ezomile; kuma-jasmine aphezulu umjikelezo uphindwa kaningi. Ifomula yakudala yesigaba ithi — «窨得茉莉无上味» (*yìn dé mòlì wú shàng wèi*), iphrofayili ehlosiwe ichazwa ngokuthi 鲜灵浓醇 *xiān líng nóng chún*: ephilayo, "enomoya", eminyene futhi elinganayo.

Konke lokhu kudinga imbali enephunga elifanele. I-rosemary yona isetshenziswa njengesinongo esomile: iphunga layo liyi-resin-camphor, elibusayo, futhi alingeni emugqeni we-鲜灵. Ngakho-ke nalapho i-rosemary isondelene netiye, yenza kanjalo ngemodeli yengxube — njenge-菊普, — hhayi ngemodeli ye-窨制.

## I-terroir nezinhlobo: kungani lezi zigaba zihlala zingenalutho

Kuma-花茶 angempela "i-terroir" iphindwe kabili. Ngakolunye uhlangothi — indawo yembali: amabhande e-jasmine e-福州 nase-横县, i-rose yase-平阴, i-osmanthus yase-桂林 nase-咸宁, i-珠兰 yase-Huizhou e-歙县, i-magnolia yase-Guangzhou. Ngakolunye uhlangothi — indawo kanye nezinga lesisekelo setiye, esikhethwa ngokwehlukana njenge-花茶坯.

"Uhlobo" lapha nalo liphindwe kabili: kungaba uhlobo lwembali — i-jasmine enephethali elilodwa noma amabili, 单瓣 *dān bàn* kanye no-双瓣 *shuāng bàn*, i-osmanthus 金桂 *jīn guì*, 银桂 *yín guì*, 丹桂 *dān guì*, i-rose ebomvu enamaphethali amaningi 重瓣红玫瑰, — kanye nesimo sesisekelo setiye, esinikeza izinso zama-龙珠 nama-银针.

Nge-rosemary akukho kulezi zimbazo okugxilisiwe emithonjeni ethembekile yetiye laseShayina: akukho ukukhiqizwa kwendawo ngomqondo wetiye, akukho ukuhlukaniswa kwezinhlobo okufakwe kubuchwepheshe betiye. Ukuhlela kushiya lezi zigaba zingenalutho, hhayi ukuzigcwalisa ngokuqagela.

## Umkhawulo womthetho

Ingqondo ayidingi izinombolo zamazinga: i-花茶 ilawulwa njengengxenye ye-再加工茶, futhi into elawulwayo ingumkhiqizo wetiye onesisekelo setiye. Isithako esingenalo iqabunga letiye asingeni kulomkhawulo ngokwencazelo. Isiphetho esisebenzayo: uma ephepheni le-"迷迭香茶" kungekho kubhekiswa ku-茶坯, phambi kwakho akulona itiye ngomqondo wokuhlukaniswa kwesiShayina, futhi ukufuna izici zetiye kumkhiqizo — uhlobo, ikilasi, inani le-窨 — akunangqondo. Izici zezempilo ukuhlela akuxoxi ngazo lapha.

## Ukuphisa nokunambitha: yini engashiwo ngendlela efanele

Indlela yomthetho yokuphisa i-rosemary ayikho — njengoba lingekho nekilasi letiye. Umkhuba wesigaba uncipha ekubonweni okuthathu.

Okokuqala: i-rosemary "inomsindo" ngokwephunga futhi engxubeni ifuna ukuba yizwi eliholayo. Lena yona kanye inkinga i-窨制 eyixazulula ngendlela ephambene — ngokugcwalisa kancane, ngokuphindaphindiwe.

Okwesibili: uma i-rosemary ihlanganiswa nesisekelo setiye, ukukhetha isisekelo kusebenza njengasemthethweni. I-烘青绿茶 elula izombozwa; izisekelo eziminyene ezibomvu neze-oolong, okwakhelwe phezu kwazo i-桂花乌龙 *guì huā wū lóng*, i-桂花红 *guì huā hóng* ne-玫瑰红茶 *méi guī hóng chá*, zibamba kangcono ingxenye yephunga elinamandla. Kungakho isisekelo esibomvu siyinhloko ku-rose yomthetho.

Okwesithathu: ingxube ayiyona i-窨. Uma umthengisi echaza umkhiqizo ngokuthi "itiye elinathiswe nge-rosemary", kufanele kubuzwe ukuthi akukhulunywa yini ngokuxutshwa komshini kwezithako ezomile. Nge-菊普 impendulo enjalo iqoshwe esigabeni ngokwaso.

## Ungahlukanisa kanjani futhi ungayifunda kanjani ilebuli

1. **Ingabe ikhona i-茶坯.** Funana nokubhekiswa esisekelweni setiye: esiluhlaza, esibomvu, se-oolong, esimhlophe. Asikho isisekelo — alikho itiye.
2. **Ingabe kukhona i-窨次.** Inani lemijikelezo yokunathisa — uphawu lwe-花茶 yangempela, ikakhulukazi i-jasmine; ezingxubeni zamakhambi alikho.
3. **Iphunga lihlala kuphi.** Ku-花茶 kufanele libe seqabungeni, hhayi emthamo wotshani obomile: izingxenye ezinkulu zotshani ezomile zikhomba ingxube.
4. **Igama lesigaba.** Amagama omthetho azinzile: 茉莉, 桂花, 玫瑰, 白兰, 珠兰, 玳玳, 柚子花. «迷迭香» akukho kulomugqa, futhi lokhu kukodwa kuyinkomba yokuxilonga.

## Indawo ku-encyclopedia

I-rosemary ihlala ku-FLOWERS AND DRY njengerekhodi lokubhekisela: isithako esomile esinephunga elimnandi, esivame ukuvela eduze kwetiye, kodwa esingese-非茶之茶. Umfundi ofikele itiye elinathisiwe, kungcono aqhubekele ezikhundleni zomthetho — kusukela ekubuseni kwe-jasmine nezinhlobo zayo eziphezulu kuya ku-osmanthus, i-rose, i-magnolia ne-珠兰 yase-Huizhou, — bese ebheka udaba lwesisekelo setiye ngokwehlukana, kumbhalo nge-花茶坯.