---
title: "Mǐcāngshān chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/micangshan-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Mǐcāngshān chá (米仓山茶)

**IMicangshan Cha** (*Mǐcāngshān chá*, 米仓山茶) iyitíye eliluhlaza eliyisicaba laseWangcang County (旺苍县) esifundeni sikaMasipala waseGuangyuan enyakatho yesifundazwe saseSichuan, ezintabeni zaseMicangshan ngasemngceleni weShaanxi. Kusukela mhla zi-4 kuNhlaba 2009, livikelwe njengomkhiqizo onesikhombi sendawo, futhi isimemezelo sokuvikela silichaza ngokuningiliziwe: iqabunga eliyisicaba eliqondile eliluhlaza okotshani, iphunga eligcwele nelihlala isikhathi eside elinenothi ecacile ye-castnut kanye nethinta le-orchid, ukunambitheka okusha nokuminyene. Phakathi kwezimfuneko kukhona amazinga hhayi nje ezintweni ezikhishwayo, kodwa nange-zinc ne-selenium. Ngaphansi kwegama elifanayo, isifunda sakha umkhiqizo wezitíye ohlangene.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itíye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*). Isimemezelo sokuvikela sibeka ubuchwepheshe obuluhlaza: ukulungiswa, ukubunjwa, ukugazingwa kanye nokomiswa ngaphandle kwe-oxidation nangaphandle kokuvutshelwa; ukulandisa kwesethenjwa kwezimfuneko kubiza umkhiqizo ngokuthi “富硒富锌绿茶” — itíye eliluhlaza, elicebile nge-selenium ne-zinc. Uhlu lwamagugu lwesifundazwe lwangowezi-2023 nalo lubeka ubuchwepheshe etiyeni eliluhlaza (isigaba 2).
* **Isigaba:** Itíye eliluhlaza eliyisicaba lasentabeni laseSichuan enyakatho; umkhiqizo onesikhombi sendawo (2009).
* **Imvelaphi:** IShayina, isifundazwe saseSichuan (四川, *Sìchuān*), umasipala waseGuangyuan (广元, *Guǎngyuán*), isifunda saseWangcang (旺苍, *Wàngcāng*).
* **Indawo yokuvikela:** Yonke indawo yokuphatha yamanje yesifunda saseWangcang — kanjalo kusimemezelo se-2009.
* **Izixhumanisi zokuma komhlaba:** IWangcang icishe ibe ngu-32.2° N no-106.3° E.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **2009.** Mhla zi-4 kuNhlaba, i-General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (AQSIQ) ngesimemezelo № 32 yathatha iMicangshan Cha ngaphansi kokuvikelwa njengomkhiqizo onesikhombi sendawo — kusimemezelo esisodwa netíye elimhlophe iFuding Baicha.
    * **2018.** Ngokushicilelwa kukahulumeni wesifunda sasePingshan, mhla zi-12 kuNdasa, ividiyo yomkhiqizo wesifundazwe “[天府龙芽](https://thetea.app/zu/article/tianfu-long-ya)” yaboniswa eTimes Square eNew York kanye nemikhiqizo yezindawo ezinkulu zetíye zaseSichuan “三山一早” — phakathi kwazo iMicangshan Cha.
    * **2019.** Ngokwemininingwane yomnyango wezomnotho nolwazi lwezobuchwepheshe waseGuangyuan, ngoNhlaba igama langena ohlwini lwemikhiqizo eyikhulu yezindawo ezinezikhombi sendawo ekuhlolweni kweChina Association for Brand Promotion — indawo yama-63, inani le-4.511 billion yuan; ngoNtulikazi lathola indondo yegolide embukisweni wemikhiqizo nezimpawu zokuhweba.
    * **2020.** IGuangyuan yavuma amazinga amabili endawo: i-DB5108/T20—2020 ngokutshala kanye ne-DB5108/T21—2020 ngokucubungula iMicangshan Cha. Eyesibili yashicilelwa mhla zingama-20 kuZibandlela 2020 futhi yaqala ukusebenza kusukela mhla lu-1 kuNhlolanja 2021; ngokweplathifomu kazwelonke yamazinga yachithwa mhla ziyi-16 kuNhlangulana 2025, kanti enye yezinhlu zamazinga isayibala njengesasebenza.
    * **2023.** Ngesinqumo sikahulumeni wesifundazwe (川府函〔2023〕66号), “ubuchwepheshe beMicangshan Cha” (米仓山茶制作技艺) bangeniswa ohlwini olunwetshiwe lwesifundazwe lwamagugu angaphatheki njengegatsha “lobuchwepheshe betíye eliluhlaza laseSichuan”.
* **Igama:** IMicangshan (米仓山) — “intaba yengqolobane yelayisi”, umgogodla osemngceleni weSichuan neShaanxi; 茶 — itíye.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Umbiko waseGuangyuan wezi-2019 waphuma ngaphansi kwesiqubulo esithi “嘉陵源头水，米仓山中茶” — “amanzi omthombo weJialingjiang, itíye lezintaba zaseMicangshan”. Ezinhlelweni zesifunda ngaleso sikhathi kwakukhona “idolobhana letíye lentela le-Han” (汉代贡茶小镇) kanye “nedolobhana letíye eliphuzi”; ukuthi igama lokuqala lisekelwe kuyiphi imininingwane yomlando, akushiwongo emithonjeni etholakele. Ngokombiko kahulumeni waseWangcang, ngo-2024 itíye lethulwa eJinan kanye “nokuvakasha okubomvu” kwesifunda.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Izinhlobo / Ama-cultivar:** Ngokwesimemezelo sokuvikela — izinhlobo zendawo ezinamaqabunga aphakathi namancane (中小叶[群体种](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qunti-zhong)) kanye nezinhlobo ezintsha ezikhethwe kuzo. Amagama ezinhlobo ezikhethiwe awatholakali emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Ukusabalalisa nokutshala:** Ngama-cuttings amafushane; ukutshala kusukela maphakathi no-Okthoba kuya ekuqaleni kukaNovemba noma ngoFebhuwari, kungabi ngaphezu kwezihlahla ezingama-90,000 ngehektha.
* **Umquba:** Ngokuyinhloko i-organic; ukufaka umquba kane ngonyaka.
* **Ukuvuna:** Entwasahlobo nasekwindla, ngamaqoqo, kushiywa amaqabunga esihlahleni.
* **Izinga lezinto zokusetshenziswa ngokwamabanga:**
    * **Ibanga eliphezulu:** imiqumbe — okungenani ama-90%, “umqumbe neqabunga” elivulekayo — ngaphansi kwe-10%.
    * **Ibanga lokuqala:** “umqumbe neqabunga” elivulekayo — ngaphezu kwe-80%, elivuliwe — ngaphansi kwe-20%.
    * **Ibanga lesibili:** “umqumbe namahlamvu amabili” avulekayo — ngaphezu kwe-70%, elivuliwe — ngaphansi kwe-30%.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Umgogodla waseMicangshan uphakathi kweSichuan neShaanxi, phakathi kweMotianling (摩天岭) entshonalanga ne-Dabashan (大巴山) empumalanga, futhi usebenza njengomhlukanisi wamanzi wemifula i-Hanjiang ne-Jialingjiang. Isiqongo esikhulu — iGuangwushan (光雾山) esifundeni esingumakhelwane saseNanzheng, 2507 m. Ezintabeni kukhona isiqiwu sikahulumeni (kusukela ngo-2006).
* **Ukuphakama kokutshala:** 600–1300 m — isidingo sesimemezelo sokuvikela.
* **Ubunjalo bomhlabathi:** i-pH 4.5–6.5; izithambeka ezingaphezu kwe-25° azivunyelwe.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Ayikho imininingwane etholakala emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Isilinganiso:** Ngokwemininingwane yesifunda yezi-2019, esifundeni kukhona ama-226,000 mu engadi yetíye, umkhiqizo olindelekile — 6800 t.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Isimemezelo sokuvikela sibeka le nxanxathela:

1.  **Iqabunga elisha (鲜叶, *xiānyè*).**
2.  **Ukwandlalwa (摊青, *tānqīng*).**
3.  **Ukulungiswa (杀青, *shāqīng*):** Ukushisa kumisa i-oxidation.
4.  **Ukuphola (摊凉, *tānliáng*).**
5.  **Ukuhlunga ngezihlungo (分筛, *fēnshāi*).**
6.  **Ukubunjwa (做形, *zuòxíng*):** Iqabunga lithola isimo esiyisicaba futhi esiqondile.
7.  **Ukomiswa kokuqala (初烘, *chūhōng*)** nokuphola.
8.  **Ukugazingwa esigubhini (滚炒, *gǔnchǎo*)** nokuphola.
9.  **Ukuphakamisa iphunga (提香, *tíxiāng*).**
10. **Ukukhethwa ngesandla (精拣, *jīngjiǎn*), ukuhlukaniswa ngamabanga (分级, *fēnjí*) nokuhlolwa (检验, *jiǎnyàn*).**
11. **Ukugcinwa endaweni ebandayo enezinga lokushisa elingaguquki (恒温冷藏, *héngwēn lěngcáng*)** nokupakishwa.

Amazinga okushisa nezikhathi awatholakali esimemezelweni; izinga lokucubungula langowezi-2020 angilizange ngilibone.

**6. Izici Zokuhlola Izinzwa:**

Incazelo engezansi iyisidingo sesimemezelo sokuvikela.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Isicaba futhi siqondile (扁直), siluhlaza okotshani ngokucwebezelayo (翠绿).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Ayikho incazelo ehlukile.
* **Iphunga lokumpontshelwa:** Ligcwele, liphakeme futhi lihlala isikhathi eside, kunothi ecacile ye-castnut kanye nethinta le-orchid (香气浓郁高长持久、栗香突出、带兰花香).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kusha, kuphaphile, kuthambile futhi kuminyene (鲜爽醇厚).
* **Umbala wokumpontshelwa:** Uluhlaza ngokuthambile, uyakhanya (嫩绿明亮).
* **Amabhele (iqabunga elisetshenzisiwe):** Athambile, alingana, ayinyama, amaqabunga avuleka “njengembali” (嫩匀肥厚成朵).

Isimemezelo sibuye siqaphele ukumelana nokuphindwa kokuphuzwa (耐冲泡).

**7. Ukuqanjwa Kwamakhemikhali:**

Izidingo zesimemezelo sokuvikela:

| Inkomba | Izinga |
| :--- | :--- |
| Izinto ezikhishwayo | okungenani 42% |
| I-Zinc | okungenani 50 mg/kg |
| I-Selenium | okungenani 0.28 mg/kg |

Lezi yimikhawulo ephansi, hhayi imiphumela yokulinganisa; angifinyeleli eziphethweni zezempilo ngazo.

**8. Izici Eziwusizo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tíye ngqo.

**9. Ukumithisa:**

Umkhuba wekilasi wetíye eliluhlaza.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Inani letíye:** 3 g ku-150 ml.
* **Itsha:** Ingilazi yegilasi — kuyo kuyabonakala ukuthi iqabunga eliyisicaba livuleka kanjani.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Fudumeza itsha.
    2. Faka itíye bese uthela amanzi ngasodongeni.
    3. Ukumpontshelwa kokuqala — emva kwemizuzwana engama-40–60.
    4. Phuza, ushiya ingxenye yokumpontshelwa.
    5. Thela amanzi futhi.
    6. Ukuphindwa okubili noma kuthathu.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wekilasi. Ephaketheni elivaliwe, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama nephunga; kungcono ukuphuzwa phakathi nonyaka. Inxanxathela yokukhiqiza ngokwesimemezelo sokuvikela ngokwayo iphetha ngokugcinwa okupholile ezingeni lokushisa elingaguquki ngaphambi kokupakishwa.

**11. Intengo Kanye Nemikhiqizo Yomgunyathi:**

Ayikho imininingwane ngentengo yokudayisa yetíye elivikelwe ngqo etholakala emithonjeni etholakele. Embikweni wesifunda wezi-2019 kunikezwe amanani emikhiqizo yesifunda: i-organic “Que She” yenye yezinkampani — 1880 yuan nge-jin (500 g), “itíye eliphuzi” lesifunda — 8800 yuan nge-jin. Lokhu yizimangalo, hhayi ukuhlaziywa kwemakethe.

* **Uzivika kanjani emikhiqizweni yomgunyathi:**
    * Funani uphawu olukhethekile lomkhiqizo onesikhombi sendawo.
    * Hlola ukuthi umkhiqizi ungowesifunda saseWangcang.
    * Iqabunga — lisicaba, liqondile futhi liluhlaza okotshani; ephungeni — kukhona i-castnut nethinta le-orchid; ukumpontshelwa — kuluhlaza ngokuthambile.
    * Khumbula ukuthi eduze nomkhiqizo isifunda sikhuthaza futhi “itíye eliphuzi” (isigaba 13); izidingo zika-2009 zichaza itíye eliluhlaza eliyisicaba.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* IMicangshan Cha ingenye “yezintaba ezintathu” zefomula “三山一早”, eduze neMengdingshan ne-Emeishan.
* Izinga lokucubungula, ngokweplathifomu kazwelonke yamazinga, lahlala ngaphansi kweminyaka emihlanu: laqala ukusebenza ngoFebhuwari 2021, lachithwa ngoJuni 2025.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa Namanye Amatíye:**

* **IGuangyuan Huangcha ([广元黄茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/guangyuan-huangcha)):** Itíye eliluhlaza lwezinhlobo ezinamaqabunga aphuzi esifunda esifanayo; embikweni wesifunda wezi-2019 impumelelo “yetíye eliphuzi” laseWangcang ibalwa njengempumelelo yomkhiqizo weMicangshan Cha.
* **IQifo Gongcha ([七佛贡茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qifo-gongcha)):** Itíye elivikelwe lesifunda saseQingchuan kumasipala ofanayo waseGuangyuan.
* **IZhenba Maojian ([镇巴毛尖](https://thetea.app/zu/article/zhenba-maojian)):** Itíye eliluhlaza lesifunda saseZhenba eShaanxi ngakolunye uhlangothi lwezintaba, lapho kuhlangana khona iDabashan neMicangshan.
* **IBa Shan Que She ([巴山雀舌](https://thetea.app/zu/article/ba-shan-que-she)):** Itíye eliluhlaza eliyisicaba lezintaba zaseDabashan enyakatho-mpumalanga yeSichuan.
* **IEmei Zhuyeqing ([峨眉竹叶青](https://thetea.app/zu/article/emei-zhuyeqing)):** Itíye eliluhlaza eliyisicaba lentaba iEmeishan; umkhiqizo walentaba “峨眉山茶” — enye yezintaba ezintathu zefomula “三山一早”.

**Ekuphetheni:**

IMicangshan Cha — itíye eliluhlaza eliyisicaba laseSichuan enyakatho, lapho idokhumenti yokuvikela isho cishe konke: izingadi ekuphakameni kwama-600–1300 m, izinhlobo zendawo zezihlahla, inxanxathela yokucubungula enokugazingwa kwesigubhu nokugcinwa okupholile, iqabunga eliqondile eliluhlaza okotshani, iphunga le-castnut ne-orchid kanye nemikhawulo ephansi ye-zinc ne-selenium. Okungakunikezi amadokhumenti — umlando ngaphambi kuka-2009.