---
title: "Měnghǎi Zhānglǎng chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/menghai-zhanglang-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Měnghǎi Zhānglǎng chá (勐海章朗茶)

**I-Menghai Zhanglang Cha** (*Měnghǎi Zhānglǎng chá*, [勐海](https://thetea.app/zu/article/meng-hai)章朗茶) wuphawu lwendawo etiyeni lasemzaneni wamaBulang iZhanglang (章朗) esifundeni saseBada esifundazweni saseMenghai, esifundazweni esizimele saseXishuangbanna-Dai, esifundazweni saseYunnan. Imibhalo yetiye ibiza iZhanglang ngokuthi umzana omkhulu kunayo yonke wamaBulang eXishuangbanna, lapho amasiko amaBulang agcinwe kahle kakhulu; igama lawo inganekwane ilithatha enganekwaneni yendlovu emhlophe. Isigaba somkhiqizo umqulu wophawu awusisho; izincazelo zikhuluma ngepu'er evela ezihlahleni ezindala.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Akusunguliwe: umqulu wophawu awusisho isigaba. Kusukela ezintweni ezingavuthiwe zamaqabunga amakhulu zaseMenghai kwenziwa ngokuyinhloko isheng pu'er (生普, *shēngpǔ*), kodwa futhi netiye elibomvu nelimhlophe. Imibhalo yetiye ichaza itiye laseZhanglang njengepu'er.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye lezingadi ezindala zaseMenghai; uphawu lwendawo. Uhlu alulucacisanga uhlobo, kanti abezindaba babiza izimpawu zesifundazwe ngokuthi eziqinisekisayo (证明商标).
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe saseYunnan (云南, *Yúnnán*), isifundazwe esizimele saseXishuangbanna-Dai (西双版纳, *Xīshuāngbǎnnà*), isifundazwe saseMenghai (勐海县, *Měnghǎi Xiàn*), isigodi saseXiding (西定哈尼族布朗族乡, *Xīdìng*), umzana waseZhanglang — ngokwezincazelo, eningizimu yesikhungo sesigodi. Isigodi saseBada sahlanganiswa neXiding ngo-2005.
* **Indawo evikelwe:** Uhlu lubala isifundazwe saseMenghai njengesiqhebezo sokuphatha sowuphawu; umngcele wendawo osemthethweni angiwuqinisekisanga.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** Izixhumanisi eziqondile emithonjeni etholakalayo azikho. Isifundazwe saseMenghai siphakathi kuka-21°28′ no-22°28′ N no-99°56′ no-100°41′ E; iBada iyingxenye yaso esentshonalanga, kanti entshonalanga naseningizimu isifundazwe sinomngcele neMyanmar.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Ubudala bomzana.** Izincazelo zinika iZhanglang iminyaka engaphezu kwe-1400 — kanjalo, ngokwamazwi abo, kubhalwe etsheni lesonto lomzana. Ngokomunye umlando, okhokho bamaBulang bahlala lapha cishe eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezimbili edlule futhi baqamba indawo ngokuthi iJingsang (景桑) — «lapho kwakuhlala okhokho». Imibhalo yalolo suku noma lelo suku angizange ngiyibone.
    * **Inganekwane yendlovu emhlophe.** Iyindawo yayo ebhalwe entsheni yesonto lendlovu emhlophe (白象古寺). Ngokwenganekwane, eminyakeni eyi-1365 edlule umfundi kaBuddha wayehamba ngenteshumayelo endlovu emhlophe. Indlovu yagubha umhlabathi, kwagqama umthombo — «umthombo wendlovu»; lapho indlovu yalala futhi yaqala ukunqekuzisa ikhanda, umfundi wasungula isonto nomzana futhi waqamba ngokuthi iZhanglang — «indawo lapho indlovu yayima khona». Ezinye izincazelo ziyinyeza ngendlela ehlukile inganekwane: indlovu yahlaselwa yimvula eneqhwa nesanquma, yabanda futhi ayikwazanga ukuqhubeka, kanti igama lihunyushwa ngokuthi «umzana lapho indlovu yabanda khona». Esontweni kugcinwa imiqulu engaphezu kwekhulu yezincwadi ezingcwele emaqabungeni esundu (贝叶经, *bèiyèjīng*).
    * **UbuBuddha.** Umbhalo lapho kubhalwe khona umbhalo osetsheni, uthi ubuBuddha beTheravada baba inkolo evamile yamaBulang eminyakeni engaba ngamakhulu amabili edlule — lokhu akuhambisani kahle nenganekwane yesonto lasendulo.
    * **Izimpawu zaseMenghai.** Uphawu olungaphansi lwegama elithi «勐海茶» lwafakwa ngo-2012 yisikhungo setiye sesifundazwe, lwabhaliswa ngo-2014, lwaqala ukusetshenziswa ngo-2016. Ohlwini lwezimpawu zeGI zaseYunnan ekupheleni kuka-2019 kuye kwalandela izimpawu eziyishumi nanhlanu ngezintaba nemizana, okuhlanganisa ne-「勐海章朗茶」. Abezindaba bango-2022 bakhuluma ngezimpawu eziyishumi nesithupha zesifundazwe — ziningi kangako izimpawu zetiye zaseMenghai ohlwini, uma kubalwa nophawu olungaphansi.
* **Igama:** Ngokwenganekwane yesonto, «Zhanglang» (章朗) lisho «indawo lapho indlovu yayima khona»; ngokomunye umbhalo — «umzana lapho indlovu yabanda khona». «Menghai» (勐海) yigama lesifundazwe, «cha» (茶) itiye.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** EXishuangbanna kuvamile ukuthi kuthiwe itiye lapha laqala ukutshalwa ngamaBulang: lapho behlala khona, kukhona nezingadi ezindala. Engomeni yokhokho bamaBulang iqhawe-khokho uBayanleng (叭岩冷) lishiyela inzalo izindlu nezihlahla zetiye — «induku yokuphila».

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Kanye Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe:**

* **Uhlobo / Cultivar:** Itiye lendawo elinamaqabunga amakhulu; uhlobo emithonjeni etholakalayo alubizwanga. Izincazelo zehlukanisa eduze komzana izihlahla zasendle nezitshaliwe: ezasendle zikhula ehlathini elizungeze umzana, ezeshaliwe zikhula zingamaqoqo phakathi kwezihlahla ezinkulu zasehlathini.
* **Iqabunga:** I-elliptic, enobuso obuyimbumba, igobile noma igoqiwe ngaphakathi, ithambile; ichopho licijile kancane noma linomsila ocijile, isisekelo sinciphile. Umbala weqabunga izincazelo ziwubiza ngezindlela ezahlukene: uphuzi-luhlaza noma uluhlaza okotshani.
* **Ukuvuna:** Izikhathi emithonjeni etholakalayo azikasho. Izihlahla zinde: izincazelo zithi ukuya eqabungeni kukhuphukele ngezitebhisi zoqalo, kanti umbhali oyedwa uchaza indlela abalimi abakhwela ngayo ezihlahleni ehlathini.
* **Indinganiso yokuvuna:** Emithonjeni etholakalayo ayinikeziwe.
* **Izidingo zezinto ezingavuthiwe:** Izidingo zophawu angizibonanga.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Isifunda saseBada entshonalanga yesifundazwe saseMenghai, emngceleni neMyanmar; izingadi zizungeza umzana futhi zingena ehlathini ngemuva kwawo.
* **Ukuphakama kokukhula:** Izincazelo azivumelani: umzana usem **1330 m** noma, ngokwezinye izincazelo, ngaphezu kwe-1600 m.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Ngokwencazelo lapho kubhalwe ukuphakama okungu-1330 m, — izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi nendawo lingu-21,5 °C, imvula ingu-1530 mm ngonyaka. Esifundeni saseBada jikelele izincazelo zibiza izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi nendawo cishe elingu-20 °C, kanti eManmai engeyomakhelwane — izinsuku eziyi-126 zenkungu ngonyaka.
* **Inhlabathi:** Esifundeni saseBada izincazelo zibiza inhlabathi ephuzi-nsundu nephuzi (黄棕壤、黄壤); ngokuqondile eZhanglang akukho mininingwane.
* **Ubukhulu:** Izilinganiso azivumelani: ngaphezu kwe-500 mu, ngaphezu kwe-700 mu (izingadi ezinkulu kunazo zonke zaseBada) noma cishe i-1000 mu, okuyingxenye enkulu yazo eyahlala ishiyiwe isikhathi eside. Zonke izingadi ezindala zaseBada ezizungeze iZhanglang, iManmaidui neManpale izincazelo zilinganisela cishe ku-3451 mu.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Ubuchwepheshe betiye elingaphansi kophawu emithonjeni etholakalayo abuchazwanga. Ekuphuzeni i-sheng pu'er evela ezihlahleni ezindala ukulandelana okuvamile yilokhu:

1.  **Ukuvuna (采摘, *cǎizhāi*).**
2.  **Ukupholisa iqabunga (摊晾, *tānliàng*).**
3.  **Ukulungisa ebhodweni (杀青, *shāqīng*).**
4.  **Ukusonteka (揉捻, *róuniǎn*).**
5.  **Ukomisa elangeni (晒干, *shàigān*):** Kwenzeka imaocha exegayo ([晒青](https://thetea.app/zu/article/shai-qing)毛茶, *shàiqīng máochá*).
6.  **Ukucindezela (紧压, *jǐnyā*):** Akudingekile.

Lesi yisikimu esijwayelekile sesigaba, hhayi incazelo yobuchwepheshe beMenghai Zhanglang Cha.

**6. Izici Ze-Organoleptic:**

Izincazelo ezingezansi abashicileli betiye nabadayisi bazi nika ngepu'er evela ezihlahleni ezindala zaseZhanglang; emkhiqizweni ongaphansi kophawu akukho muntu ozihlanganise ngokusemthethweni.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Lisontwe ngobunono, limnyama futhi licwebezela (条索紧结黑亮).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakalayo.
* **Iphunga lempushana:** Inothi elinamandla «lezintaba nehlathi» (山野气强); iphunga, ngokwezincazelo, libambelela phansi enkomishini. Libizwa ngokuthi iphunga lezimbali noju, eligqamile futhi eliphakeme (花蜜香显著而高扬), kweminye imibhalo — linamanothi eplamu noju (梅子香、蜜香).
* **UkuNambitheka:** Izincazelo ziyaphikisana. Enye: ubuhlungu nobuncishi kuyabonakala, empushaneni kukhona ubumnandi, «amandla etiye» anamandla. Enye: impushana imnene futhi igcwele, ithambile futhi ishelela, ubuhlungu bunamandla, ubuncishi buncane, ubumnandi obubuyayo abufiki ngokushesha, kodwa buhlala isikhathi eside. Eyesithathu iqhathanisa itiye nelaseBulangshan: ubuhlungu obuncane ekujuleni kolimi nolangeni, umzimba unamanzi kakhudlwana, ngemuva kokuthululela kwesithathu impushana iba mnene, kanti olimini kuhlala ukubanda. Ubani onobuqiniso, ngezincazelo akunakwenzeka ukucaciseka.
* **Umbala wempushana:** Uphuzi wegolide, okhanyayo (汤色金黄明亮).
* **Isisekelo setiye (iqabunga eliphekiwe):** Kuphuzi-luhlaza, kulingana (叶底黄绿匀齐); komunye umbhalo — kuphuzi-luhlaza noma ophuzi, uthambile futhi ulingana, imiqumbe namaqabunga kuhlala esiqweni.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Imininingwane yemizamo yamakhemikhali emithonjeni etholakalayo ayikho.

**8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:**

Imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngokwawo ayikho.

**9. Ukwenza Itiye:**

Isenzo sesigaba. Uphawu alusisho isigaba; izinkomba ezingezansi ezesheng pu'er, itiye laseZhanglang elichazwa ngayo emibhalweni yetiye.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 95–100 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 5–8 g ngo-110–150 ml.
* **Izitsha:** Igaiwan noma i-teapot yobumba.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Shisisa izitsha.
    2. Faka itiye; elicindezelwe — lihlephule ngokucophelela, ungalichobozi iqabunga.
    3. Geza ngesikhashana iqabunga ngamanzi abilayo bese uwachitha.
    4. Izimpushana zokuqala — imizuzwana eyi-10–15.
    5. Yithululela ngokuphelele.
    6. Yandisa isikhathi ngokuthululela ngakunye.

**10. Ukugcina:**

Isenzo sesigaba. I-sheng pu'er igcinwa endaweni eyomile, ehlanzekile, enomoya ngaphandle kokukhanya namaphunga angaphandle, ekupakishweni okuphefumulayo. Leli tiye lishintsha ngokuhamba kweminyaka, futhi ngokuvamile liyagcinwa ngamabomu.

**11. Intengo Kanye Nokukhwabanisa:**

Imininingwane yamanani emithonjeni etholakalayo ayikho.

* **Ukwazi ukugwema ukukhwabanisa:**
    * Bheka uphawu «勐海章朗茶» futhi uqinisekise ukuthi umkhiqizi uvela esifundazweni saseMenghai.
    * Khumbula ukuthi esifundeni saseBada kukhona nezinye izimpawu — «[勐海贺松茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/menghai-hesong-cha)» ne-「[勐海巴达曼迈茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/menghai-bada-manmai-cha)」: «itiye laseBada» alisho ukuthi «itiye laseZhanglang».
    * Qhathanisa ukubukeka nezincazelo: iqabunga elimnyama eliminyene, impushana ephuzi yegolide.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Igama lomzana, ngokwenganekwane yesonto, lisho «indawo lapho indlovu yayima khona», kanti umzana unomthombo wendlovu.
* Esontweni lendlovu emhlophe kugcinwa izincwadi ezingcwele emaqabungeni esundu.
* Encwadini yemizana edumile, okusekelwe kuyo i-encyclopedia yethu, iBada ibhalwe ndawonye neZhanglang, nephrofayili ethi «umlingiswa wezintaba nehlathi, ukuminyana» (山野气, 厚).
* Esifundeni esifanayo saseBada, eduze komzana waseHesong, kwakukhula isihlahla setiye sasendle esidala ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-1700; sawa ngo-2012.

**13. Ukuqhathanisa namatiye angomakhelwane:**

* **I-Menghai Bada Manmai Cha (勐海[巴达](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qianjiazhai-bada)曼迈茶):** Uphawu lomzana wamaBulang ongomakhelwane esifundeni esifanayo saseBada.
* **I-Qianjiazhai neBada (千家寨 · 巴达):** Isihloko se-encyclopedia yethu ngezihlahla zasendle zokhokho; iBada kusona ixhumene neZhanglang.
* **I-Bulangshan ([布朗山](https://thetea.app/zu/article/bu-lang-shan)):** Indawo enkulu eningizimu-mpumalanga yesifundazwe; enye incazelo iqhathanisa ukunambitheka kwetiye laseZhanglang nayo.
* **I-Menghai (勐海):** Isifundazwe nophawu olungaphansi.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Menghai Zhanglang Cha wuphawu lomzana omkhulu kunayo yonke wamaBulang eXishuangbanna onesonto lendlovu emhlophe, izincwadi ezingcwele emaqabungeni esundu nezingadi ezindala ehlathini. Kuncane okwaziwayo: ukuphakama okungu-1330 m noma, ngokwezinye izincazelo, ngaphezu kwe-1600 m, impushana ephuzi yegolide nephunga lezimbali noju. Ekunambithekeni izincazelo azivumelani, kanti isigaba somkhiqizo uphawu alusisho.