---
title: "Měnghǎi Bānpén chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/menghai-banpen-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Měnghǎi Bānpén chá (勐海班盆茶)

**Menghai Banpen Cha** (*Měnghǎi Bānpén chá*, [勐海](https://thetea.app/zu/article/meng-hai)班盆茶) — uphawu lwendawo lwetiye lasesigodini saseBanpen (班盆) esifundeni saseMenghai (勐海县) esifundazweni saseXishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, esifundazweni saseYunnan. Isigodi simi emakhilomitheni amabili kuya kwamathathu ukusuka eLao Banzhang, lapho kuhlangana khona izifunda zetiye zaseHekai neBulangshan, futhi izincazelo zezentengiselwano zisibiza ngokuthi umakhelwane osondele kakhulu emkhakheni wedolobhana elidumile. Ukuthi uphawu luhlanganisa yiluphi uhlobo lwetiye, akushiwongo emibhalweni etholakele.

**1. Isigaba kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Umqulu wophawu awubhalwanga. Izingadi ezindala zaseMenghai ziwumthombo wamaqabunga amakhulu ikakhulukazi e-puer, kodwa kusuka kulelo qabunga elifanayo kwenziwa netiye elibomvu nelimhlophe; ukuthi uphawu luhlanganisa yimuphi umkhiqizo, irejista ayisho. Zonke izincazelo zokunambitheka kweBanpen ezitholakele yizincazelo ze-puer eluhlaza (生茶, *shēngchá*).
* **Isigaba:** Uphawu lwendawo lwesigodi esifundeni saseMenghai — uphawu lokuhweba lweqoqo noma lokuqinisekisa.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe saseYunnan (云南, *Yúnnán*), i-Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, isifunda saseMenghai (勐海县, *Měnghǎi Xiàn*), isigodi saseBanpen (班盆, *Bānpén*).
* **Isixhumanisi sokuphatha:** Imithombo iyaphikisana. Ezinye izincazelo zibala iBanpen entabeni yaseBulangshan ([布朗山](https://thetea.app/zu/article/bu-lang-shan)); ezinye zibeka isigodi emngceleni wedolobha laseMenghun (勐混) kanye nesifunda saseBulangshan, ekomitini lasemakhaya laseHekai (贺开村委会) ledolobha laseMenghun. Ukuhambisana nokwesibili kuvumelana nohlu lwemizi yaseHekai kanye nokwakheka kwesifunda saseBulangshan, lapho iBanpen ingekho khona.
* **Indawo yophawu:** Uhlu lwesifundazwe lusho kuphela isifunda nesifunda — lokhu kuwukuhlobana kokuphatha komnikazi wophawu; umngcele wesomthetho wendawo angiwuhlolanga.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** Izixhumanisi eziqondile zesigodi azikho emithonjeni etholakele. Isikhungo sesifunda esingumakhelwane saseBulangshan — cishe 21.59° N no-100.42° E.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Isigodi.** Umlando obhalwe phansi weBanpen awukho emithonjeni etholakele.
    * **2012–2016.** Isikhungo sokugcina ubuchwepheshe semboni yetiye yesifunda (勐海县茶叶技术服务中心) ngo-2012 safaka isicelo sophawu lokuqinisekisa oluyisambulela «勐海茶»; uphawu lwabhaliswa ngo-2014 futhi lwaqala ukusetshenziswa ngo-2016.
    * **Ngaphambi kuka-2019.** Uphawu «勐海班盆茶» lwabhaliswa: uhlu lwesifundazwe lwezimpawu zokuhweba zendawo zaseYunnan kusukela ngomhla ka-28 Disemba 2019 lubala uphawu emgqeni 227. Inombolo yokubhalisa, umnikazi, unyaka kanye nesigaba somkhiqizo akushiwongo emithonjeni etholakele; ukuthi uphawu lusasebenza manje, akuqinisekisiwe.
    * **Uhlelo lwezimpawu.** Kulolu hlelo olufanayo, esifundeni kubhalwe uphawu oluyisambulela «勐海茶» kanye nezimpawu eziyishumi nanhlanu zezintaba nezigodi; iphephandaba ngo-2022 labhala ngeziyishumi nesithupha — umehluko awuchazwa yimithombo.
* **Igama:** «Menghai» (勐海) — igama lesifunda; «Banpen» (班盆) — igama lesigodi, incazelo yetoponimu ayichazwanga emithonjeni etholakele; «cha» (茶, *chá*) — itiye.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** I-Banpen ihlala emthunzini we-Lao Banzhang; enye incazelo iyibiza ngokuthi «igugu elikhohliwe». Kusuka lapha kuvela idumela eliphindwe kabili — umakhelwane othembekile wedolobhana elidumile kanye nempahla elula ukuyidayisa njenge-banzhang.

**3. Incazelo Yesitshalo kanye Nempahla Eluhlaza:**

* **Uhlobo / Cultivar:** Uhlobo oluthile alushiwongo emithonjeni etholakele. Nge-puer, izinga le-GB/T 22111-2008 lidinga itiye lamaqabunga amakhulu laseYunnan (云南大[叶种](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qiaomuguanmu), *Yúnnán dàyèzhǒng*); ukuthi uphawu lukhawulela impahla eluhlaza ngendlela efanayo, akwaziwa.
* **Ubudala bezihlahla:** Ngokwezincazelo zezentengiselwano — kusukela eminyakeni eyikhulu kuya kwamakhulu amane kuya kwamakhulu amahlanu.
* **Ukuvuna:** Izikhathi azishiwongo emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Izinga lokuvuna:** Alizange linikezwe emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Izidingo zempahla eluhlaza:** Imithetho yophawu ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Ingxenye eseningizimu yesifunda saseMenghai, lapho kuhlangana khona izifunda zetiye zaseHekai neBulangshan; izingadi, ngokwezincazelo, zisondelene nezingadi zaseLao Banzhang.
* **Ukuphakama kokukhula:** Isigodi esidala — cishe **1760 m**; ngesigodi sonke, enye incazelo inikeza **1600–1750 m**. Ngokwenye, ukuphakama okuphakathi lapha cishe kuphansi ngo-100 m kunaseLao Banzhang.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Izincazelo zikhuluma ngemvula evamile kanye nenkungu; azikho izinombolo eziqondile ngeBanpen.
* **Inhlabathi:** Ngokwezincazelo zezentengiselwano — inhlabathi ephuzi-nsundu (黄棕壤); azikho izilinganiso.
* **Ubuciko bokulima:** Ngokwamazwi omthengisi, ngaphandle komanyolo kanye nezibulala-zinambuzane, emthunzini olinganiselwe wehlathi; lokhu akuwona umphumela wokuhlola.
* **Indawo:** Imininingwane iyaphikisana. Izincazelo zezentengiselwano zikhuluma ngezinkulungwane ezimbili nangaphezulu zama-mu (ngaphezu kwe-130 ha) zezihlahla ezindala, kodwa embhalweni ofanayo — ukuthi ingadi endala «isindile kuphela ema-mu ayikhulu nangaphezulu». Incazelo yaseHekai ka-2016 inikeza imizi emibili yaseBanpen ndawonye cishe ama-mu ayi-2000 ezingadi ezindala eziqhubekayo.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Ubuchwepheshe obuqinisekiswa uphawu abuchazwanga emithonjeni etholakele. Uhlelo olujwayelekile lwesigaba se-puer eluhlaza ngokwezinga le-GB/T 22111-2008, hhayi incazelo yetiye laseBanpen ngokuqondile: iqabunga elisha liyanekwa (摊放, *tānfàng*), liqiniswa ngokushisa (杀青, *shāqīng*), liyagoqwa (揉捻, *róuniǎn*), amagagasi ahlukaniswa futhi lomiswa elangeni (日光干燥, *rìguāng gānzào*). Kuvela «impahla eluhlaza yelanga» ([晒青](https://thetea.app/zu/article/shai-qing)毛茶, *shàiqīng máochá*); iyahlelwa, iyashiswa ngomphunga, iyacindezelwa futhi yomiswa. Ukuvutshelwa kwenqwaba ([渥堆](https://thetea.app/zu/article/wodui), *wòduī*) akukho ku-puer eluhlaza.

**6. Izici Zokunambitheka:**

Izincazelo ezivela ekushicilelweni kwezentengiselwano mayelana ne-puer eluhlaza laseBanpen; akukho ukunambitha kwaselabhorethri ngemuva kwazo.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Elikhulu, elijiyile, elicwebezelayo, elinoboya obubonakalayo; ukugoqana kuminyene. Ebusweni beqebelengwane, amahlumela anoboya obumhlophe abonakala ngokulinganayo.
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Akukho ncazelo ehlukile emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lotshwala:** Eliphezulu futhi elihlanzekile, elimnandi, elinamanothi ezimbali nezithelo, ithoni yoju ngaphansi kwenkomishi, amanothi ecamphor nawokhuni.
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kuminyene, kucishe kube ncinane. Ukubaba okuncane kanye nobulukhuni ngemuva kwemizuzwana embalwa kushintsha kube ubumnandi; enye incazelo ibiza ukubaba njengobuthakathaka kunamanye amatiye aseBulangshan. Ubumnandi obubuya (回甘, *huígān*) bude. Izilinganiso zesimo ziyaphikisana: enye incazelo ibiza ukunambitheka ngokuthi kuhlanzekile-kumnandi futhi kuthambile, enye — njengokunamandla nokugcwele.
* **Umbala wotshwala:** Ngetiye elincane azikho izincazelo. Ngokwenye incazelo, ngemuva kweminyaka embalwa yokugcina, utshwala buba phuzi-orange nobomvu-orange.
* **Isisekelo setiye (iqabunga eliphekiwe):** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Ayikho imininingwane ye-physicochemical mayelana netiye laseBanpen emithonjeni etholakele. Ngenjongo yokuqondisa — izinga lesigaba, hhayi ukulinganisa: izinga le-GB/T 22111-2008 lidinga ku-puer eluhlaza okungenani u-28.0% we-polyphenols no-35.0% wezinto ezincibilikayo emanzini lapho umswakama ungekho ngaphezu kwe-13.0%.

**8. Izakhiwo Ezinenzuzo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe mayelana nomphumela waleli tiye ngokuqondile.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba — nge-puer eluhlaza, okuhlobene nazo zonke izincazelo ezitholakele; itiye elibomvu noma elimhlophe kusuka kulelo qabunga elifanayo liphiswa ngendlela ehlukile.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 95–100 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 5–7 g nge-100 ml.
* **Isitsha:** I-gaiwan (盖碗, *gàiwǎn*) noma imbiza yobumba.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Fudumeza isitsha.
    2. Faka itiye.
    3. Geza iqabunga ngamanzi ashisayo imizuzwana emi-5–10 bese uyakhipha.
    4. Utshwala bokuqala — imizuzwana eyi-10–15.
    5. Thela nge-strainer.
    6. Ukuphindaphinda ukuthela ngokwengeza isikhathi; impahla eminyene imelana nokuthelwa kaningi.

**10. Ukugcina:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Indawo eyomile, ehlanzekile, enomoya omuhle ngaphandle kwephunga nokukhanya okuqondile, ukugoqwa kwephepha noma ibhokisi. I-puer ivumela ukuvuthwa isikhathi eside; ngeBanpen kuchazwa ukuthi ngokuhamba kweminyaka utshwala buba mnyama, futhi iphunga liba eligcwele kakhudlwana.

**11. Intengo kanye Nemikhonyovu:**

Awekho amanani emithonjeni etholakele. I-Banpen yaziwa kancane kune-Lao Banzhang kodwa ngekhwalithi esondelene, ngokwezincazelo — kusuka lapha kuvela ingozi enkulu.

* **Ukwazi ukugwema imikhonyovu:**
    * Ukushintshwa okuyinhloko kusuka eBanpen, hhayi kuye kuyo: iqabunga lesigodi esingumakhelwane lithengiswa njenge-Lao Banzhang. Umbhalo othi «[老班章](https://thetea.app/zu/article/laobanzhang)» ngentengo esondelene ne-banpen — yisizathu sokubuza ukuthi iqabunga livelaphi.
    * Hlola uphawu «勐海班盆茶» nokuthi umkhiqizi usebenza esifundeni saseMenghai; uphawu aluqinisekisi uhlobo lwetiye nobudala bezihlahla.
    * Amagama athi «[古树](https://thetea.app/zu/article/gushu-dashu-taidi-yesheng)» (izihlahla ezindala) ekusongeni — yisitatimende somthengisi, hhayi ingxenye yophawu.
    * Intengo ephansi kakhulu kunejwayelekile yezihlahla ezindala zaseningizimu yeMenghai — yisizathu sokungabaza.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Izincazelo zibiza ukuphakama, isimo sezulu, inhlabathi kanye nobudala bezihlahla zaseBanpen naseLao Banzhang njengokucishe kufane.
* Udumo lwetiye luxhumanisa iBanpen neBulangshan, kodwa uhlu lokuphatha luxhumanisa neHekai.
* Iphephandaba lango-2022 kanye nengxenye yezincazelo zezentengiselwano zibhala igama lesigodi ngophawu lokuqala oluhlukile — 邦盆; imibhalo yezentengiselwano ichaza ukuthi zombili izindlela zokubhala zidlulisa umsindo.

**13. Ukuqhathanisa namatiye angomakhelwane:**

* **Lao Banzhang (老[班章](https://thetea.app/zu/article/ban-zhang)):** Isigodi esingumakhelwane saseBulangshan, isibonelo se-puer eluhlaza elinamandla; iBanpen ichazwa njengesondelene ngesimo futhi ithambe kancane.
* **Bulangshan (布朗山):** Ububanzi bezintaba lapho iBanpen ixhunywa khona ngokunambitheka, nakuba ngokokuphatha isigodi, ngokwemithombo eminingi, siyingxenye yaseHekai.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Menghai Banpen Cha — uphawu lwetiye lesigodi ebesingekho nhlanhla ngomakhelwane. Emakhilomitheni amabili kuya kwamathathu ukusuka eLao Banzhang, enkungwini efanayo, iBanpen ikhipha, ngokwezincazelo, i-puer eluhlaza eliminyene, elimnandi futhi elinamandla, kodwa yaziwa kancane. Uphawu luqinisekisa igama lendawo, kodwa aluqinisekisi uhlobo lwetiye noma ubudala bezihlahla, futhi ngisho nobunikazi besigodi imithombo ihlukanisa phakathi kweBulangshan neHekai.