---
title: "Méichá jiāzú"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/meicha-jiazu
lang: zu
updated: 2026-07-23
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Méichá jiāzú (眉茶)

I-Méichá ([眉茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/meicha)) — “itiyela-leshiye” — akulona uhlobo olulodwa, kodwa isikali esiphelele samabanga okuhweba etiye elide eliluhlaza eligazingiwe (长炒青 *cháng chǎoqīng*), osekungamakhulu eminyaka kuwubuso obukhulu bokuthunyelwa kwetiye eliluhlaza laseShayina. Ngaphansi kwegama lamazwe ngamazwe elithi “Chunmee” leli kilasi lisabambe izimakethe zaseNyakatho neNtshonalanga Afrika.

## Liyini i-méichá futhi livelaphi

Igama elithi 眉茶 (*méichá*) lichaza isimo seqabunga eselilungile: imichilo emincane, esontekile, egobile kancane, efana neshiye lowesifazane. Impahla eluhlaza eyisisekelo — itiye eliluhlaza elide eligazingiwe 长炒青, elidlula “ekubulaweni kokuluhlaza” nokusonteka kanye nokugazinga kokugcina-ukumisa, okunikeza ukusonteka okuphoqekile, okuqhubekayo kanye nethoni evelele yokugazinga (栗香 *lìxiāng*, “i-castnut”).

Umnyombo ongokomlando wokukhiqiza — yinhlangano yezifundazwe ezintathu, okubizwa ngokuthi “unxantathu oluhlaza” waseZhejiang, Anhui, kanye neJiangxi (浙皖赣 *Zhè-Wǎn-Gàn*). Kulapha lapho kwakheka khona amagama emikhiqizo yakudala “ngendawo”:

- **[屯绿](https://thetea.app/zu/article/tunlu)** (*túnlǜ*, i-Tunlu) — evela eTunxi naseXiuning e-Anhui, i-徽州 yomlando; kanye netiye elibomvu le-qihong kwakha ipheya elidumile “祁红屯绿”.
- **婺绿 / 饶绿** (*wùlǜ / ráolǜ*) — evela eWuyuan naseShangrao eJiangxi; itiye lalapha kuthiwa “茶不到婺源不香” (“itiye alinuki kahle lize lifike eWuyuan”), isifunda saziwa ngokuthunyelwa kwezinto eziphilayo e-EU.
- **遂绿 / 杭绿 / 温绿** (*suìlǜ / hánglǜ / wēnlǜ*) — izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-méichá zaseZhejiang.

Ngaphandle komunxantathu isitayela esifanayo sikhiqizwa nakwezinye izifundazwe ngamagama azo — 湘绿, 鄂绿, 黔绿, 豫绿, 舒绿 (eHunan, eHubei, eGuizhou, eHenan, e-Anhui), okuya emakethe yasekhaya, kanye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe.

## Impahla eluhlaza nokucubungula: kusuka e-maochá kuya e-精制

Ukhiye wokuqonda wonke umndeni — ukuhlukaniswa kwezigaba ezimbili.

**初制 (ukucubungula kokuqala)** kuveza i-máochá (毛茶) — i-炒青 ende “eluhlaza” enosayizi ongalingani, enengxube yezicucu, iziqu kanye nothuli. Kulesi sigaba iqabunga selivele licwebezela ngokuluhlaza (绿润), linokusonteka “njengeshiye”, linephunga elimnandi le-castnut kanye nokungeniswa okuminyene, okuthambile — lesi yisisekelo salo lonke itiye eliluhlaza elithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe.

**精制 (ukucwenga)** — yilokho okuguqula i-maochá eyodwa ibe uhla oluphelele lwamabanga. Imisebenzi yobuchwepheshe:

- 筛分 (*shāifēn*) — ukuhlungwa ngesisefo ngosayizi nobude;
- 风扇 (*fēngshàn*) — ukuvuthelwa komoya ukuze kuhlukaniswe ngesisindo nokuminyana;
- 拣剔 (*jiǎntī*) — ukukhethwa kweziqu, izinhlayiya ezimahhadlahhadla nezingaphandle;
- 扑火 (*pūhuǒ*) — ukwomiswa kokugcina-“ukushaya ngomlilo” ukuze kuzinziswe umswakama nephunga elimnandi.

Ngokuqondile ukuhlungwa, hhayi izingadi ezahlukene noma izinkathi zonyaka, okwakha indlela yezikhundla: impahla yokuqala efanayo isabalala ibe izingxenye ezisuka kwenkulu kakhulu nelinganayo kuye kweyokukhucululwa emincane.

## Amabanga omndeni wakwaChunmee

Isikali sakheka ngokuyinhloko ngosayizi, ukulingana kanye “neklasi” lokusonteka.

### 特珍 (*tèzhēn*, i-Special Chunmee)

Ibanga eliphezulu kakhulu le-méichá. Iqabunga elilingana kakhulu nelikhulu kakhulu lekilasi le-珍眉, ingxenye ekhethiwe ye-炒青 ende. Iya kwamanye amazwe njengendawo ephambili, ikakhulukazi eNyakatho naseNtshonalanga Afrika.

### 珍眉 (*zhēnméi*, i-Chunmee)

Ibanga eliyisisekelo, “elithwalayo” lawo wonke umndeni kanye nomthombo wegama lamazwe ngamazwe i-Chun Mee. Leli yitiye eliluhlaza eliyinhloko elithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe laseShayina, umnyombo wemakethe yaseMorocco. Imichilo emincane egobile, ukusonteka okulinganayo, iphrofayili ehlanzekile ye-castnut-eluhlaza.

### 凤眉 / 针眉 (*fèngméi / zhēnméi*, i-Sowmee/inalithi)

Ibanga elimaphakathi. Okukhethiwe okuncane nokuhle kakhulu kwe-méichá uma kuqhathaniswa ne-珍眉 — izingxenye “ezifana nezinalithi”, ezikhishwa ngesikhathi sokuhlunga.

### 雨茶 (*yǔchá*, i-Young Hyson / “itiyela lemvula”)

Indawo ekhethekile: ukukhucululwa okusontekile okufushane, okutholakala ngesikhathi sokucwenga. Okubalulekile — 雨茶 akukheki kuphela kusuka ku-炒青 ende, kodwa futhi nakwi-圆炒青 (i-pan-fired eyindilinga, okungukuthi kusuka emgqeni we-珠茶/isiqhumane). Lezi yizinhlayiya ezisontekile, ezisonteke kafushane, ezihlukaniswa ngesikhathi se-精制 kusuka ku-méichá-, kanye naku-chzhuchá-flow.

### 贡熙 (*gòngxī*, i-Hyson) / 熙春 (*xīchūn*)

Ibanga elinomlando omude kakhulu waseYurophu. Ngaphansi kwamagama athi “熙春/[贡熙](https://thetea.app/zu/article/gongxi)” leli tiye lalithunyelwa eYurophu ngekhulu le-18 (i-Hyson yesiNgisi). Namuhla lingaphansi kwekilasi le-炒青 futhi likhishwa ngesikhathi sokuhlunga kusuka ku-珠茶-, kanye nasemkhiqizweni we-眉茶.

### 秀眉 (*xiùméi*, i-Sowmee)

Ibanga eliphansi kakhulu ohlwini — ukukhucululwa okuncane, okulula. Ingxenye encane kakhulu nelula kunazo zonke, ehlukaniswa ngokuvuthela nangezisefo; iphetha isikali se-méichá.

Ngesikhathi sokucwenga komugqa oyindilinga (珠茶) kwakheka iqoqo lamabanga ahambisanayo: 珠茶-贡熙 / 雨茶 / 秀眉, okungukuthi amagama afanayo “omsila” ahlanganiswa naku-chzhuchá-flow. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungani i-雨茶, i-贡熙 ne-秀眉 zivela nhlangothi zombili — kubo “bomade” nakubo “bobuhlalu”.

## Indawo emndenini we-炒青

Ukuze ungayiphambanisi imigqa:

- **眉茶 / 长炒青** — ukusonteka okude “ngeshiye” → 特珍 珍眉 凤眉 雨茶 贡熙 秀眉.
- **珠茶 / 圆炒青** ([平水珠茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/pingshui-zhucha), i-Gunpowder) — ukusonteka okuyindilinga “ngobuhlalu”, isithonjana somlando esivela ePingshui eShaoxing (eZhejiang), “ubuhlalu obuluhlaza”, obumelana nokuphindaphinda ukuphuzwa, uphawu lwe-天坛. Ukucwenga kwayo nakho kunikeza i-珠茶/雨茶/秀眉.

Yomibili imigqa — izinsika zokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ze-炒青 eluhlaza, eziphambukela emisha yase-Afrika efanayo.

## Ukunambitheka nokwenza itiye

Iphrofayili yomndeni wakwaChunmee iyabonakala: iqabunga elomile elicwebezelayo eliluhlaza elinokusonteka “kweshiye”, iphunga elimnandi le-castnut (栗香) elihlanzekile, ukungeniswa okuminyene, okulinganayo, okuthambile-okucebile (醇厚 *chúnhòu*) ngaphandle kobuthi obuqatha. Amabanga aphezulu (特珍, 珍眉) anikeza inkomishi ehlanzekile, eqoqiwe; aphansi (秀眉) — alula futhi alula, ne-aftertaste emfushane.

Izinkombandlela ezingokoqobo zokwenza itiye le-炒青 eliluhlaza:

- amanzi angaphansi kokubilisa, acishe abe ngu-80 – 85 °C, ukuze “ungashisi” iqabunga;
- ingilazi noma i-gaiwan, ukubona ukuvuleka kokusonteka;
- ukuthelwa okufushane, kwandiswa ngokunambitha;
- amabanga amakhulu alinganayo (特珍, 珍眉) abamba ukuphuzwa okwengeziwe, kunama-秀眉 amancane.

Leli yitiye eliluhlaza “elisebenzayo”, “elansuku zonke” — amandla alo awakho ephungeni elimnandi elinemibala eminingi yetiye lobuciko elisezintabeni eziphakeme, kodwa ekuhlanzekeni okuthembekile, okuphindaphindekayo kanye nasemzimbeni.

## Umlando namasiko

Umndeni wakwa-méichá — ngokuyinhloko wumlando wezohwebo. Amabanga e-熙春/贡熙 (i-Hyson) avela ekuhwebeni kwaseYurophu ngekhulu le-18, lapho itiye eliluhlaza laseShayina laliyimpahla yesikhundla eNgilandi nasezwenikazi. Kamuva umthengi oyinhloko kwaba hhayi iNtshonalanga, kodwa iMaghreb: i-“Chun Mee” ne-Gunpowder yangena esisekelweni sesiko laseMorocco kanye namazwe abanzi aseNyakatho naseNtshonalanga Afrika, lapho itiye eliluhlaza elineminti noshukela liyisiko lansuku zonke lomphakathi.

Ngaphakathi eShayina ubuchwepheshe obufanayo be-炒青 obude bondla ipheya lomlando lase-徽州 “祁红屯绿” futhi lakha inethiwekhi eminyene yezimpawu zesifunda ngendawo yemvelaphi. Namuhla i-uyuan 婺绿 ibonakala njengokunikezwa kwezinto eziphilayo e-EU.

## Ungahlukanisa kanjani ngaphakathi komndeni

Njengoba wonke amabanga evela e-maochá eyodwa ngokuhlungwa, qondisa ngesimo nangengxenye, hhayi “ngohlobo”:

- **特珍 / 珍眉** — “amashiya” amade, alinganayo, ahlanzekile; ingxenye enkulu noma ephakathi ngobukhulu; ubuncane bezicucu.
- **凤眉 / 针眉** — mncane kakhulu futhi muhle kakhulu, “kufana nezinalithi”.
- **雨茶** — izinhlayiya ezisontelene ezimfushane; khumbula ukuthi zingavela nasemgqeni we-珠茶.
- **贡熙** — ingxenye ye-炒青 ehlukile enozalo lwe-“Hyson” yaseYurophu, ivela kuyo yomibili imigqa.
- **秀眉** — impahla encane kakhulu nelula; ikhanya kakhulu enkomishini, ilula emzimbeni.

Futhi ukuhlukanisa okuyinhloko ngejiyomethri: “ishiya” (长炒青) kuqhathaniswa “nobuhlalu” (圆炒青/珠茶). Uma ukusonteka kukude futhi kugobile — umndeni wakwa-méichá lowo; uma kungamabhola aminyene ayindilinga — sekuyi-Gunpowder leyo, noma ngabe inamagama amabanga omsila afanayo.