---
title: "Mei Zhan Ulong"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/mei-zhan-wulong
lang: zu
updated: 2026-04-08
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Mei Zhan Ulong (梅占乌龙, Méi zhàn wūlóng)

Mei Zhan ("Iphulemu Eliseqhulwini") — ingenye yezinhlobo zetiye zase-Anxi esezingeni eliphezulu futhi enezici ezehlukile: kusetshenziswa impahla efanayo, izingcweti zakha ama-ulong (kusukela kulawo alula ase-Anxi kuya kulawo athosiwe asezimpophomeni), iziphuzo ezibomvu kanye nezimhlophe. Njenge-ulong, i-Mei Zhan ibaluleke ngenxa yamakha ayo avelele embali yeplamu i-meihua (梅花, méihuā), ubumnandi obufana nezithelo noju, kanye nekhono lokubonisa ngokucacile indawo lapho itshalwe khona — kungaba amadwala amaminerali e-Wuyishan noma amagquma abomvu ase-Anxi. Lena "yinhlobo engu-hhameliyoni" enezwi elingaguquki: iguqula isitayela, kodwa ayikaze ilahle ubunjalo bayo.

---

**1. Ukuhlelwa kanye NeMvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Ulong (itiye elibilisiwe kancane). Izinga lokufakwa kwe-oxygen liyahlukahluka kakhulu — kusukela ku-15% (isitayela sase-Ansi esilula) kuya ku-60–70% (iy-anyca yase-Wuyishan emnyama), okuyinto eyenza i-Mei Zhan ibe ngelinye lama-ulong "aguquguquka kakhulu" e-China.
* **Isigaba:** Ama-ulong ase-Fujian. Izitayela ezimbili eziphambili:
  * **Wuyishan Mei Zhan (武夷梅占, Wǔyí Méi Zhàn)** — ulong wasezimpophomeni (岩茶, Yán Chá), isitayela sase-minbei. Ingenye yezinhlobo "eziqanjwe ngamagama" (名枞, Míngcōng) ezintabeni zase-Wuyishan.
  * **Anxi Mei Zhan (安溪梅占, Ānxī Méi Zhàn)** — ulong yase-minnan, indawo yokuzalwa yalolu hlobo.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifunda sase-Fujian (福建, Fújiàn).
  * **Indawo yokuzalwa yalolu hlobo — isifunda sase-Anxi (安溪县, Ānxī Xiàn):** Idolobhana lase-Lutian (芦田镇, Lútián Zhèn), isigodi sase-Sanyang (三洋村, Sānyáng Cūn), intaba i-Yinpingshan (银瓶山, Yínpíng Shān). ~25°05' N, ~117°55' E. Ubude — bufinyelela ku-1 411 m.
  * **Izintaba zase-Wuyishan (武夷山, Wǔyí Shān):** Inyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Fujian. ~27°43' N, ~117°41' E.
  * Lolu hlobo luyatshalwa futhi e-Guangdong, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Anhui, Hunan, Hubei, Jiangsu, Guangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan nase-Taiwan.

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**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwezamasiko:**

* **Umlando:** Uhlobo lwe-Mei Zhan ludabuka esigodini sase-Sanyang (三洋村) edolobhaneni lase-Lutian (芦田镇) esifundeni sase-Anxi — indawo esezintabeni enesimo sezulu esifudumele nesinenkungu, amanzi asehlobo, nomhlabathi ovundile, okulungele ukulinywa kwetiye. Kunamasiko amabili adumile ngemvelaphi ye-Mei Zhan.
  Eyokuqala ihambisana nesikhathi cishe sika-1810 (unyakawa-15 wokubusa kwe-Mbusi u-Jiaqing, 嘉庆, ubukhosi bakwa-Qing): umlimi u-Yang Yitang (杨奕糖, Yáng Yìtáng) wasesigodini sase-Sanyang wayesebenza ensimini eduze kwentaba i-Yinpingshan, ngesikhathi kudlula umhambi okhathazekile, ephethe izithombo zetiye ngejoka. U-Yang wamondla nge-papa, ngenxa yokubonga umhambi wamnika izithombo ezintathu zesihlahla setiye esingaziwa. U-Yang watshala lezithombo ebaleni lomuzi wakubo wase-Yushucuo (玉树厝). Emva kweminyaka eminingana, izihlahla zakhula, kanti itiye elenziwe ngemacembe alo lamangaza wonke umuntu ngephunga elimangalisayo. Isazi sendawo u-Yang Huiwen (杨辉文, Yáng Huīwén), ebukele izimbali zesihlahla setiye wathola ukuthi zifana nembali yeplamu yasebusika i-meihua (*Prunus mume*), waqamba lolu hlobo ngokuthi "Mei Zhan" — ngokwesikhumbuzo somugqa wenkondlo othi "梅占百花魁" (Méi zhàn bǎihuā kuí — "Iplamu iyaphambili phakathi kwezimbali eziyikhulu").
  Inguqulo yesibili ihlobene no-1821 (unyakawa-1 wokubusa kwe-Mbusi u-Daoguang, 道光): umeluleki wosapho lwakwa-Wang (王氏) wase-Xiping (西坪) wafika e-Lutian ukuzohlonipha amadlozi. Abantu bendawo bambonisa isihlahla setiye esingenagama, bambuza negama laso. U-Wang wayengazi impendulo, kodwa wathi nakubheka phezulu wabona umbhalo ohlanganisiwe osemnyango othi: "梅占百花魁" — wayeseqamba ihlo ngokushesha ngokuthi "Mei Zhan".
  Kungakhathaliseki ukwethembeka kwalezi ndatshana, uhlobo lwe-Mei Zhan lunomlando oqoshiwe ongaphezu kweminyaka engama-200. Ngo-1985, iKomidi leZwe lase-People's Republic of China lokuhlola izinhlobo lezitshalo zaqinisekisa ngokusemthethweni i-Mei Zhan njengohlobo lukazwelonke (inombolo GS13004-1985). Esikhathini seRiphabhulikhi (民国, ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20), lolu hlobo lwalethwa ezintabeni zase-Wuyishan, lapho izingcweti zendawo zabonga ikhono lalo "lokumunca" isimo semvelo sezimpophoma. Ngawo-1970, i-Mei Zhan yasabalala yaya e-Sichuan nase-Yunnan, futhi okwamanje itshalwa ezifundazweni ezingaphezu kweshumi e-China.
  Umlando othakazelisayo: ngo-1923, indodana yase-Sanyang, isazi sezempi u-Yang Hanlie (杨汉烈, Yáng Hànliè), yanikeza u-Sun Yat-sen (孙中山, Sūn Zhōngshān) amabhokisi amahlanu etiye i-Mei Zhan. Ubaba weRiphabhulikhi yase-China waphendula ngencwadi yokubonga, okusagcinwa emzini wakwa-Yang esigodini sase-Sanyang. Imbongi yasemuva kwesikhathi se-Qing u-Lin Heyan (林鹤年, Lín Hènián) wase-Lutyan — omunye "wezimbongi eziyisishiyagalombili ezinkulu zase-Fujian" — wabhala: "种梅三万株，终老吾何悔" ("Ngatshala izihlahla zeplamu eziyizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amathathu futhi angizisoli — kuze kube sekupheleni kwezinsuku"), efakazela ububanzi nokubaluleka kwalolu hlobo endaweni yakubo.
* **Igama:**
  * "Mei" (梅) — iplamu i-meihua (*Prunus mume*), omunye wezimpawu eziyinhloko zesiko lase-China: ukuqina, ubuhle, ubuhle bemvelo. I-meihua iqhakaza ngasekupheleni kobusika, lapho ezinye izihlahla zisalele, — umfanekiso wesibindi lapho ubhekene nobunzima.
  * "Zhan" (占) — ukubamba, ukuphambili, ukuthatha (indawo yokuqala).
  * Incazelo egcwele: "Iplamu ethathe indawo yokuqala" — iphunga letiye likhumbuza imbali yeplamu, futhi ikhwalithi "iyaphambili" phakathi kwezinye.
  * Amagama ahlukile alolu hlobo: Daye Mei Zhan (大叶梅占, "Mei Zhan enamacembe amakhulu"), Gaojiao Wulong (高脚乌龙, "Ulong ophezulu" — ngenxa yokukhula okuqondile okunezikhawu ezinde phakathi kwamaqhuqhuva).
* **Ukubaluleka Kwezamasiko:** I-Mei Zhan ingenye yezinhlobo eziyisithupha zakudala zama-ulong ase-Anxi, nakuba idume kancane kune-Tie Guanyin ([铁观音](https://thetea.app/zu/article/tie-guanyin)). Leli yi-"tiye labazi": akumelwe likhangisiwe, kodwa lihlonishwa kakhulu phakathi kwalabo abafuna umlingiswa ogqamile wohlobo. Ngawo-1990, lapho imfashini ye-Tie Guanyin iholela ekutshalweni kabusha okukhulu kwamasimu etiye, indawo yokutshala i-Mei Zhan e-Anxi yehle kakhulu. Izihlahla ezindala (老枞, lǎocōng), ezisasele emithambekeni yezintaba, manje zibaluleke kakhulu. I-Wuyishan Mei Zhan — "intandokazi ethule" phakathi kwabazi be-yanc: umlingiswa wayo ogqamile wohlobo uyagqama ngisho naphakathi kwama-Jou Gui ([肉桂](https://thetea.app/zu/article/rou-gui)) anamandla kanye nama-Shui Xian ([水仙](https://thetea.app/zu/article/shui-xian)).

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**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nempahla Eluhlaza:**

* **Uhlobo:** Mei Zhan (梅占) — *Camellia sinensis* var. *sinensis*. Uhlobo oluhlala lungashintshi (无性系, wúxìngxì), isihlahla esincane (小乔木, xiǎo qiáomù) esinesiqu esiqondile. Amacembe aphakathi nendawo (中叶类), esikhathi sokuqhakaza esiphakathi (中芽种).
* **Isakhiwo:** Isihlahla sikhula sibe side — izihlahla ezindala zifinyelela ku-1.6 m ubude nompheme obungafinyelela ku-1.1 m. Isiqu siyabonakala, amagatsha aminyene ngokulingene, izikhawu eziphakathi kwamaqhuqhuva zinde (kuvela lapha igama elithi "Ulong ophezulu"). Amacembe anembezo elide eliyi-elliptical, aluhlaza ocwebezelayo, anendawo eyisicaba nophawu olugobile kancane ngaphakathi. Ukujiya kwecingo lecebe kungaphezulu kwesilinganiso, ukuthungwa kuminyene, futhi kulula ukuphuka. Amagquma ancane emaphethelweni — ashoni futhi awavamile.
* **Izici eziyinhloko zalolu hlobo:**
  * Ukukhiqiza okuphezulu: 200–300 kg we-tiye elomisiwe ngemu (亩, ~667 m²).
  * Ikhono lokuzivumelanisa nezimo — likhula kahle ezindaweni ezihlukene zesimo sezulu kanye nasezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zomhlabathi.
  * Ukuguquguquka okungavamile (适制性, shìzhìxìng) — lufanele ukwenziwa kwama-ulong, iziphuzo ezibomvu, eziluhlaza nezimhlophe. Ikhwalithi engavamile phakathi kwezinhlobo zase-Fujian.
  * Iphunga lohlobo olugqamile: leplamu-embali, elinejusi lezinyosi nezinye izinongo, okubangelwa ukugcwala kwamafutha abalulekile.
  * Amahlumela anamandla okukhula, kodwa ashesha ukuqina (持嫩性较差, chí nèn xìng jiào chà) — kudingeka ukuqoqwa ngesikhathi esifanele.
* **Izinga lokuqoqwa:** Ihlumela + 2–3 amacembe angaphezulu. Kuma-ulong, kunconywa ukuqoqwa okuthambile ngokuqothuka okuncane (嫩采, 重晒, 轻摇, nèn cǎi, zhòng shài, qīng yáo). Ukuqoqwa kwentwasahlobo kuwukubaluleka kakhulu.
* **Izinkathi zonyaka:** Ukuphakama kokuqoqwa kwentwasahlobo — maphakathi no-Ephreli (一芽三叶盛期, isikhathi sokubonakala okukhulu kwecebe lesithathu). I-Mei Zhan iwuhlobo oluhlumayo ngemva kwesikhathi: e-Anxi ivunwa ngemuva kwezinsuku eziyi-7–10 ngemuva kwe-Tie Guanyin, okuyinto enikeza abalimi ithuba lokucubungula isivuno esikhulu se-TGY ngaphambi kokuqala kwesizini ye-Mei Zhan. Iphinde iqoqwe ehlobo nasekwindla.

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**4. Indawo kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

### I-Anxi — indawo yokuzalwa yohlobo (i-Mei Zhan yase-minnan)
* **Ukubunjwa komhlaba:** Indawo enamagquma eningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Fujian. Isigodi sase-Sanyang sitholakala emaphandleni entaba i-Yinpingshan (1 411 m) — okungenye yezindawo eziphakeme kakhulu esifundeni.
* **Ukuphakama:** 500–1 200 m. Impahla eluhlaza engcono kakhulu ivela emasimini aphezulu emithambekeni ye-Yinpingshan.
* **Umhlabathi:** Umhlabathi obomvu kanye nophuzi we-lateritic, ovundile, onamanzi adonsa kahle. Isimo se-asidi (pH ~4.5–5.5).
* **Isimo sezulu:** I-subtropical monsoon, izinga lokushisa lonyaka ~18–20°C, imvula ~1 700 mm/ngonyaka. Inkungu evamile, ukugcwala kwamafu, amanzi amaningi asehlobo.
* **Umphumela:** Isimo sebhaluni elihlanzekile, eliqhakazile; umzimba ophakathi; iphunga leplamu — lihlanzekile futhi lilula, ngaphandle kobunzima bamaminerali.

### I-Wuyishan — i-Mei Zhan yasezimpophomeni (isitayela sase-minbei)
* **Ukubunjwa komhlaba:** I-sandstone ebomvu ye-quartz ye-danxia (丹霞, Dānxiá), izigodi eziphakathi kwamadwala nezihosha (坑涧, kēngjiàn). Izihlahla zikhula emfanteni wamatshe nasezimpambeni eziwumngcingo zezintaba.
* **Ukuphakama:** 300–700 m.
* **Umhlabathi:** Imikhiqizo yokugujwa kwamatshe entaba-mlilo — inothile nge-iron, i-manganese, i-zinc. pH 4.5–5.5.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi kuka-18°C, umswakama ohambisanayo >80%, inkungu evamile, ukukhanya okuphazamisekile.
* **Umphumela:** "Umculo wamaminerali wasezimpophomeni" (岩韵, Yán Yùn) — umzimba ominyene, ukunambitheka okuhlala isikhathi eside. Iphunga leplamu lembali lithola ukujula "kwamatshe" ngamanothi ezithelo ezomisiwe nezinongo.

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**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Ubuchwepheshe buhluke kakhulu kuye ngesitayela sesifunda.

### I-Wuyishan Mei Zhan (isitayela se-yanc)
1. **Ukuqoqwa (采摘, cǎi zhāi):** Ngesandla, amahlumela amancane.
2. **Ukomiswa elangeni (日光萎凋, rìguāng wěidiāo):** 30–60 imizuzu. Isici esiyinhloko se-Mei Zhan — kunconywa ukomisana okunamandla (重晒, zhòng shài) ukuvula iphunga nokususa ukunambitheka kohlaza.
3. **Ukuhlukahluka / ukunyakazisa (做青, zuò qīng):** Imijikelezo emi-4–5 enezikhawu "zokuphumula", isikhathi esiphelele 8–14 amahora. Ukufakwa kwe-oxygen kungu-40–70%. Ukunyakazisa kuhamba kancane (轻摇, qīng yáo), ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuvuthwa okuphelele ngaphandle kokulimala amacembe angenasici.
4. **Ukuqinisa (杀青, shā qīng):** Ukuthoswa okuphakeme kwezinga lokushisa emgqonyeni noma epanini.
5. **Ukusonga (揉捻, róuniǎn):** Ukusonga ngobude — okubizwa nge-"zintambo" (条索, tiáosuǒ), okuwuphawu oluphawulekayo lwe-yanc.
6. **Ukuhangulwa ngamalahle (焙火, bèi huǒ):** Okuphakathi–okunamandla, ngamalahle e-longyan (龙眼, lóngyǎn). 1–3 imijikelezo enezikhawu zoku-"buyisa umswakama" (回润, huí rùn). Lesi sinyathelo senezela amanothi e-caramel, amantongomane noshokoledi.
7. **Ukuphumula / ukuguga (陈化 / 退火, tuì huǒ):** Izinyanga ezi-1–3 zoku-"thulisa umlilo" — isimo esishisayo nesibukhali setiye elisanda kuthoswa siyathamba, ukunambitheka kuba yindilinga.

### I-Anxi Mei Zhan (isitayela sase-minnan)
Izigaba 1–4 ziyefana, kodwa zinomahluko:
* Ukufakwa kwe-oxygen — 15–35% (kubuthaka kakhulu).
* Ukomisana kungenziwa emthunzini (阴干萎凋).
5. **Ukusonga:** Ukwakheka ngendwangu (包揉, bāoróu) — izigamu zamacala (imicucwana), njengakwi-Tie Guanyin.
6. **Ukomiswa:** Ukomiswa okuncane ngomoya noma ngaphandle kokuhangulwa — ukuze kutholakale ukusha okuphezulu.

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**6. Izici Zokunambitheka Nokuhogela:**

### I-Wuyishan Mei Zhan
* **Indlela ebukeka ngayo icebe elomile:** "Izintambo" ezigoqiwe ngobude (条索), ezinkudlwana, ezinezikhawu ezinde ezibonakalayo — uphawu olubonakalayo lwalolu hlobo. Umbala — onsundu okhanyayo ogqamise ngokubomvu.
* **Iphunga lecebe elomile:** Iplamu i-meihua esisekelweni samaminerali, i-caramel, izithelo ezomisiwe kanye namanothi amnene entuthu yokuhangula. Amanothi ezinongo — i-cinnamon, i-clove, i-star anise.
* **Iphunga lotshwala:** Linamandla futhi linezingqimba eziningi: ingqimba yokuqala — iplamu eqhakazile; eyesibili — amaminerali, amantongomane athosiwe, uju olumnyama; eyesithathu — ukufudumala okusele kokuhangula. Ngokuthelwa ngakunye, izici ezintsha ziyavela.
* **Ukunambitheka:** Okuqinile, okunamafutha, okunobunzima bamaminerali obugqamile (岩韵). Amanothi eplamu, ushokoledi omunyu, i-walnut, uju lwe-chestnut. Ukunambitheka okusemva — kuhlala isikhathi eside, kufudumele, nobumnandi obubuyayo (回甘, huígān). Umzimba — ugcwele, "unamathela".
* **Umbala wotshwala:** I-amber emnyama, obomvu-bunhlophe, ojulile futhi ocacile.
* **Isisekelo setiye:** Amacembe amakhulu anemiphetho ebomvu-lunhlophe nendawo eluhlaza — okuyisibonelo sakudala "esiluhlaza phakathi, umphetho obomvu" (绿底红边, lǜ dǐ hóng biān) we-yanc.

### I-Anxi Mei Zhan
* **Indlela ebukeka ngayo icebe elomile:** Imicucwana eyisigamu sencence, eluhlaza enezinhlamvu ezinhlophe. Inemikhudlwana futhi igqamile kuneyase-Tie Guanyin, ngenxa yecebe elikhulu nezikhawu ezinde.
* **Iphunga lecebe elomile:** Iplamu entsha i-meihua, i-orchid, ipentshisi, uju lwembali olumnene. Ngaphandle kwamaminerali nentuthu — isimo "selanga" esihlanzekile.
* **Iphunga lotshwala:** Ubumbali nezithelo okucacile — ipentshisi, i-apricot, uju lwe-acacia. Inothi leplamu — likhanyayo, akuwona omnyama.
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kumnene, kubumnandi, kunembali nezithelo. Umzimba ophakathi. Ukushaya okuncane. Ukunambitheka okusemva — kusha, kunembali, ngaphandle kobunzima bamaminerali.
* **Umbala wotshwala:** Ophuzi okhanyayo, oluhlaza okusagolide, ocacile.
* **Isisekelo setiye:** Amacembe aluhlaza aphelele anemiphetho ebomvu kancane.

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**7. Uhlaka Lwamakhemikhali:**

Idatha enebangeni eliphelele mayelana nohlaka lwe-Mei Zhan yatholakala lapho kuhlaziywa amahlumela asentwasahlobo (一芽二叶, ihlumela elilodwa — amacembe amabili):

* **Ama-polyphenols (ama-polyphenols etiye):** ~27.5% wesisindo esomile — ngaphezu kwesilinganiso phakathi kwama-ulong ase-Fujian. Okuqukethwe kwe-catechin — ~18.1%. Enguqulweni yase-Wuyishan, ngokufakwa kwe-oxygen okuphezulu, ingxenye yama-catechin iguqulwa ibe yi-theaflavins kanye ne-thearubigins, okwakha ukujula kokunambitheka nombala we-amber wotshwala.
* **Ama-amino acid:** ~3.6% wesisindo esomile. I-L-theanine — ingxenye eyinhloko; ibhekene nobumnandi kanye nomphumela wokuphumula.
* **Ama-alkaloids:** I-caffeine — ~4.4% (ngaphezu kwesilinganiso — umsebenzi wokuvuselela ogqamile). I-theobromine ne-theophylline — ngamanani amancane.
* **Amafutha abalulekile:** Okuqukethwe okuphezulu — uphawu oluyinhloko lwalolu hlobo. I-benzaldehyde ne-benzyl alcohol (amanothi weplamu, we-alimondi), i-linalool ne-geraniol (izimbali), i-methyl salicylate (ukusha, umaka "oluhlaza busika"). Ngama-mafutha abalulekile awodwa akha iphrofayili ye-"plamu" ebonakalayo, ehlukanisa i-Mei Zhan ngokucacile kwamanye ama-ulong ase-Fujian.
* **Amavithamini:** C, eqembu B (B₁, B₂), E, K.
* **Amaminerali:** I-potassium, i-fluorine, i-magnesium, i-manganese, i-zinc. Enguqulweni yase-Wuyishan — okuqukethwe kwe-iron okunyukile ngenxa ye-sandstone ebomvu.

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**8. Izakhiwo Ezinempilo:**

* **Ukuvikela kwe-antioxidant:** Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-polyphenols (27.5%) kunomphumela ogqamile we-antioxidant. Enguqulweni yase-Wuyishan, i-theaflavins inamthelela owengeziwe.
* **Umthelela wokuvuselela nokuphumula:** Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-caffeine (okuqukethwe okuphezulu, ~4.4%) ne-L-theanine kunikeza amandla, kodwa hhayi ukukhathazeka. I-L-theanine yenza umphumela we-caffeine uthambe futhi isize ekukhiqizweni kwama-alpha e-brain wave.
* **Ukuthuthukisa ukugaya ukudla:** Inguqulo yase-Wuyishan, ngenxa yokuvuthwa okujulile nokuhangulwa, inconywa ikakhulukazi ngemva kokudla okunamafutha kakhulu. Inguqulo yase-Anxi — ifanele ukuphuzwa nsuku zonke.
* **Umthelela wokufudumeza:** I-Mei Zhan yase-Wuyishan ehanguliwe — itiye lasebusika eleqayo, elifudumeza neliphumuza.
* **Ukusekela uhlelo lwenhliziyo nemithambo:** Ama-polyphenols asiza ukwehlisa izinga le-LDL-cholesterol nokuqinisa izindonga zemithambo.
* **Umthelela we-aromatherapy:** Iphunga leplamu i-meihua linomthelela wokuthulisa nobuhle obuhambisanayo — ngokwesiko lamaShayina, iphunga leplamu lihlotshaniswa nobumsulwa nobuhle bomoya.
* **Ukusekela ukusebenza kwe-metabolism:** Ama-polyphenols ne-caffeine kusiza ukuhlukanisa amafutha nokusheshisa izinqubo ze-metabolic.

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**9. Ukugxilisa:**

| Isilinganiso | Wuyishan (yanc) | Anxi (minnan) |
|--------------|-----------------|---------------|
| **Izinga lokushisa** | 90–98°C | 85–92°C |
| **Inani letiye** | 5–7 g / 120 ml | 5–7 g / 150 ml |
| **Ukuthelwa kokuqala** | 10–15 imizuzwana | 30–45 imizuzwana |
| **Inani lokuthelwa** | 6–9 | 5–7 |
| **Isitsha** | Iketela le-Yixing (ubumba, olungiselelwe i-yanc), i-gaiwan | I-gaiwan yobumba |

**Inqubo (indlela ye-Gongfu):**
1. Fudumeza isitsha ngamanzi abilayo.
2. Thela itiye, uphefumule iphunga elomile ngesembozo esishisayo.
3. Ukuthelwa kokuhlanza — thela amanzi bese uwakhipha ngokushesha.
4. Ukuthelwa kokuqala — bona itafula.
5. Ukuthelwa okulandelayo — ngokwandisa isikhathi nge-5–15 imizuzwana.
6. I-Mei Zhan yase-Wuyishan esezingeni eliphezulu ikwazi ukumelana nokuthelwa okuyi-8–9, iveze izici ezahlukene esigabeni ngasinye.

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**10. Ukugcina:**

* **Inyuvesi yase-Wuyishan (ehanguliwe):** Isitsha esivala ngci, esingangeni ukukhanya (ibhokisi lensimbi, isikhwama esifakwe i-foil), indawo epholile nengenakukhanya. Isikhathi — izinyanga eziyi-12–24; ngemva "kokuthuliswa komlilo" (emva kwezinyanga ezi-1–3 ngemva kokuhangulwa), itiye lifinyelela ukuphakama kokunambitheka. Kungenzeka ukuhangulwa kabusha ukuze kwandiswe impilo yalo.
* **Inyuvesi yase-Anxi (elula):** Esiqandisini (0–5°C), esikhwameni esivala umoya esivala ngci, sihlukaniswe nokunye ukudla. Isikhathi — izinyanga eziyi-6–12.
* **Izitha ezijwayelekile:** Ukukhanya, umswakama, ukushisa, umoya-mpilo, amaphunga angaphandle.

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**11. Intengo kanye Nemikhonyovu:**

I-Mei Zhan Ulong ithatha isigaba sentengo esiphakathi–esiphezulu. Inguqulo ye-yanc yase-Wuyishan ibiza kakhulu — "iprimiyamu yezimpophoma" kanye nomthamo okhawulelwe. Inguqulo yase-Anxi — ifinyeleleka kalula, ikakhulukazi eyasemathafeni. Izihlahla ezindala (老枞) kuzo zombili lezi zifunda — zibiza kakhulu kunezokutshala ezintsha.

**Indlela yokubona umkhonyovu:**
* Iphunga leplamu yembali eliyingqayizivele — wuphawu olubonakalayo lwalolu hlobo. Ngaphandle kwalo — akusilo i-Mei Zhan, kodwa olunye uhlobo.
* Amacembe aphelele, akheke kahle: "izintambo" (Wuyishan) noma izigamu zamacala (Anxi). Amakhulu, anezikhawu ezinde — uphawu lwesakhiwo se-Mei Zhan.
* Utshwala — buhlanzekile, bucwebezela, kusukela koluhlaza okhanyayo (Anxi) kuya emnyama we-amber (Wuyishan).
* Thenga kubathengisi abakhethekile ababeka indawo ethile yemvelaphi.
* Intengo ephansi kakhulu — yisizathu sokuqapha: ngaphansi kwegama le-Mei Zhan, kuvamise ukuthengiswa ezinye izinhlobo ezingabalulekile kangako.

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**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* **"Uhlobo oluyi-hhameliyoni":** Nge-Mei Zhan kwenziwa ama-ulong, iziphuzo ezibomvu (Mei Zhan Hong Cha, [梅占红茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/mei-zhan-hongcha) — kuhlanganise nesitayela se-Jinjunmei, [金骏眉](https://thetea.app/zu/article/jin-jun-mei)), iziphuzo ezimhlophe (Mei Zhan Bai Cha) neziluhlaza (Bai Mao Hou, [白毛猴](https://thetea.app/zu/article/bai-mao-hou), "Inkawu Emhlophe"). I-Mei Zhan Hong Cha ithathwa njengenye yezinto ezingcono kakhulu zokwenza i-Bailin Gongfu ([白琳工夫](https://thetea.app/zu/article/bai-lin-gongfu)) — itiye elibomvu lakudala lase-Fujian.
* Iplamu i-meihua (*Prunus mume*) — esinye sezitshalo "ezine ezihlonishwayo" (四君子, sì jūnzǐ) kanye ne-orchid, uqalo, ne-chrysanthemum. Iqhakaza ngasekupheleni kobusika, lapho ezinye izihlahla zisalele, — uphawu lokuqina nobumsulwa bomoya. Iphunga le-Mei Zhan — liwukuqhathaniswa okuqondile nalesi singathekiso sesiko.
* Ngo-1923, u-Sun Yat-sen wabonga mathupha ngesipho setiye le-Mei Zhan — leli ngelinye lamatiye amancane ase-China, lapho ukuhlotshaniswa kwawo nomsunguli weRiphabhulikhi yase-China kuqinisekiswe ngemibhalo.
* Imbongi yasemuva kwesikhathi se-Qing u-Lin Heyan, owazalwa e-Lutian, wanikela imigqa ku-Mei Zhan, okufakazela ukuthi ngekhulu le-19 lolu hlobo lwalusakazeke kakhulu kunamanje, — izinkulungwane zezihlahla zazigcwale imithambeka yezintaba.
* I-Wuyishan Mei Zhan — "intandokazi ethule" yezingcweti ze-yanc: ezinambitheni ngobumpumputhe, umlingiswa wayo oqhakazile wohlobo uvame ukuvela naphakathi kwama-Jou Gui anamandla nama-Shui Xian ajulile.

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**13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye ama-ulong ase-Fujian:**

| Isilinganiso | Mei Zhan (梅占) | Tie Guanyin (铁观音) | Rou Gui (肉桂) | Shui Xian (水仙) |
|------------------|------------------|---------------------|----------------|-----------------|
| **Inothi elibonakalayo** | Iplamu i-meihua, uju | I-orchid, ukhilimu | I-cinnamon, izinongo | I-narcissus, ukugcotshwa ngamafutha |
| **Isitayela** | I-Anxi / yanc | I-Anxi (ububanzi bezitayela) | I-yanc kuphela | I-yanc / i-zhangping |
| **Ukuguquguquka** | Kuphakeme kakhulu (ulong, obomvu, oluhlaza, omhlophe) | Kuphakathi (ulong kuphela) | Kuphansi (yanc kuphela) | Kuphakathi (yanc + zhangping) |
| **Isakhiwo** | Isihlahla eside, izikhawu ezinde | Isihlahla esincane, esihlangene | Isihlahla esincane, siphakathi ngobude | Isihlahla, sinamacembe amakhulu |
| **Ukuhluma ngemva kwesikhathi** | Emva kwesikhathi (+izinsuku eziyi-7–10 vs TGY) | Okujwayelekile | Okujwayelekile | Okujwayelekile |
| **Okuqukethwe yi-caffeine** | ~4.4% (okuphakeme) | ~3–3.5% | ~3–3.5% | ~2.5–3% |

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**14. Izimo Eziphikisayo Ezingenzeka:**

* Ukungawubekezeleli umzimba.
* Ukuqubuka kwe-gastritis noma izilonda — qaphela ngokukhethekile inguqulo yase-Wuyishan ungadlanga.
* Ukuzwela okuphakeme ku-caffeine, ukuqwasha — okuqukethwe yi-caffeine kungaphezu kwesilinganiso (4.4%).
* Ukukhulelwa kanye nenkathi yokuncelisa — ukuphuza ngokulinganisela.
* Ukuphuza imithi ye-iron — ama-polyphenols anciphisa ukugcwala kwayo.

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**Sengiphetha:**

I-Mei Zhan — itiye lalabo abathanda ukuthi uhlobo lube "nezwi". Iphunga layo leplamu lembali — akulona iphunga lembali elingaqondakali, kodwa linothi elithile, eliqaphelekayo, eliqhubekayo kuzo zonke izitayela zokucubungula: ulong olula lwase-Anxi, i-yanc enkulu yase-Wuyishan, itiye elibomvu eligcwele. Lena i-hhameliyoni enesimilo: iguqula isitayela, kodwa ayikaze ilahle ubunjalo bayo. Emlandweni ongaphezu kweminyaka engamakhulu amabili, i-Mei Zhan ihambe indlela kusukela emthini ongaziwa emasimini asezintabeni zase-Sanyang yaze yaba uhlobo lukazwelonke olugunyaziwe ngokusemthethweni, kusukela esiphweni somhambi kumlimi obongayo kuze kube yisiphakamiso sikababa weRiphabhulikhi yase-China. Kumboni, ofuna okuthile ngalé kwe-"qembu elikhulu" (Tie Guanyin, Da Hong Pao, Rou Gui), i-Mei Zhan ingukutholwa okuhle: uhlobo lapho iphunga leplamu yasebusika nomlando wamakhulu amabili eminyaka kuhlotshaniswe ngokuseduze kangangokuthi akwenzeki ukuhlukanisa okukodwa komunye.