---
title: "Máoshān chángqīng"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/maoshan-changqing
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Máoshān chángqīng (茅山长青)

**I-Maoshan Changqing** (*Máoshān chángqīng*, 茅山长青) — itiye eliluhlaza lasedolobheni laseJurong (句容市) esifundeni sasedolobheni saseZhenjiang esifundazweni saseJiangsu, lisuka ezintabeni zaseMaoshan eningizimu yesifunda. Itiye liselincane: ngokwencazelo yoMnyango Wezolimo, lasungulwa yipulazi letiye laseMaoshan ngo-1986. Iqabunga liyisicaba futhi liqondile, linombala ohlaza njenge-emeraldi, ukumnika kunombala ohlaza ngobumnene, ukunambitheka kusha. Kusukela ngo-2020 igama lifakwe kurejista yezimpawu zokuma kwezolimo zemikhiqizo; indawo yokuvikela — yonke iJurong.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*). Ubuchwepheshe obuchaziwe — ukulungiswa, ukuqondiswa, ukunikezwa isimo, ukomiswa, ngaphandle kokuvutshelwa nokufakwa umoya — bungobohlaza; incwadi eyisithenjwa ikubeka ngqo itiye esigabeni esiluhlaza.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye eliluhlaza lesimanje laseJiangsu, elasungulwa yipulazi letiye; umkhiqizo onophawu lokuma kwendawo (2020).
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe saseJiangsu (江苏, *Jiāngsū*), isifunda sasedolobheni saseZhenjiang (镇江, *Zhènjiāng*), idolobha laseJurong (句容, *Jùróng*), izintaba zaseMaoshan (茅山, *Máoshān*).
* **Indawo yokuvikela:** Indawo yokuphatha yamanje yaseJurong: amalokishi ayisishiyagalolunye — iTianwang, iMaoshan, iHoubai, iGuozhuang, iBaitu, iBiancheng, iHuayang, iBaohua, iXiashu — kanye nezingxenye ezintathu ezikhethekile: izindawo zokubuka iMaoshan neChishanhu kanye nendawo yokuthuthukiswa komnotho yaseJurong. Yile ndlela echazwa isimemezelo se-China National Intellectual Property Administration (CNIPA) No. 640.
* **Izixhumanisi zokuma:** Esimemezelweni — 118°59′–119°22′ empumalanga kanye no-"31°37′–31°12′ enyakatho": umngcele wasenyakatho ubhalwe uphansi kunowaseningizimu. Leli yiphutha lokubhala; lapho kuhlolwa imingcele kufanele kusetshenziswe umbhalo wangempela wesimemezelo.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Itiye laseMaoshan ngaphambi kweChangqing.** Ngokwencwadi eyisithenjwa, indawo yaseMaoshan yayiyindawo yetiye kusukela ngesikhathi saseSui; ngesikhathi sikaShunzhi (emndenini wakwaQing) yayidume nge-"qiancha" (乾茶) ezindaweni ezizungeze ithempeli laseQianyuan Guan (乾元观), eminyakeni yeRiphabhlikhi — "imaoshan lucha" (茅山麓茶) yenkampani yaseMaolu. Le ncwadi efanayo ibhala ukuthi itiye lamafu lezindela zethempeli laseFangshan Si (方山寺) lalishintshwa ngerayisi elilingana neshumi lezinkomishi ngaleso naleso sikhathi setiye. Embikweni we-Central Radio (2022) umlando wokutshalwa kwetiye esifundeni ulandelwa kusukela enkathini yase-Wei, Jin kanye nezizwe zaseNyakatho neNingizimu. Imibhalo esekelwe kulezi zimangalo angikaze ngiyibone.
    * **1983.** Ngokwencazelo yoMnyango Wezolimo, itiye eliluhlaza elomisiwe elinephunga elimnandi (烘青, *hōngqīng*) lezinga lokuqala lepulazi letiye laseMaoshan lahlonishwa ngetiye lekhwalithi yesifundazwe.
    * **1986 noma 1987.** UMnyango Wezolimo ubhala ukuthi ipulazi lasungula i-Maoshan Changqing ngo-1986; incwadi eyisithenjwa ithi ngo-1987. Ukungqubuzana angikakuxazululi.
    * **2008.** Isiphathimandla sesifundazwe sezimboni nezohwebo samukela uphawu lokuhweba "茅山长青" njengophawu olwaziwayo lwaseJiangsu (ngokombiko we-Central Radio).
    * **2019.** Ubuchwepheshe betiye lesandla laseMaoshan (茅山[手工茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/shougong-cha)制作技艺) bafakwa ohlwini lwamagugu angaphatheki esifunda sasedolobheni saseZhenjiang. Lolu ubuchwepheshe betiye lesandla laseMaoshan jikelele, hhayi i-Changqing kuphela.
    * **2020.** Ngo-Ephreli uMnyango Wezolimo Nezindaba Zasemakhaya wafaka i-Maoshan Changqing kurejista yezimpawu zokuma kwezolimo zemikhiqizo; inombolo — AGI02820.
    * **2021–2022.** Inhlangano yetiye yaseJurong yamukela imithetho yokuphatha uphawu, yaqala ukulandelela umkhiqizo wezinkampani eziyi-13 ezinesitifiketi "somkhiqizo ohlaza", kwathi ngoMashi 2022 — izinga leqembu. Kuhlu lwamazinga eqembu kubhalwa nenguqulo ka-2023 (T/JRCY 001-2023); umbhalo wezinga awukwazanga ukuvulwa.
    * **2025.** I-CNIPA ngesimemezelo No. 640 sango-16 Julayi yamukela njengomkhiqizo onophawu lokuma kwendawo amagama ayi-1409; i-Maoshan Changqing ingelinye lawo.
* **Igama:** "IMaoshan" (茅山) — izintaba eningizimu yaseJurong. "I-Changqing" (长青) — "uhlala uluhlaza", njengasesishweni 万古长青 ("uhlala uluhlaza kuze kube phakade"). Ngokwencwadi eyisithenjwa, igama linikezwe ukukhumbula umzabalazo wokulwa namaJapan endaweni yaseMaoshan.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Ngokombiko we-Central Radio, i-Maoshan Changqing ingenye "yamatiye ayishumi adumile aseJiangsu" futhi ihlala iwuphawu oluyinhloko lwesifunda; ngo-2022 iqembu lokuhlola amabrendi etiye lahlaziya ibrendi yesifunda ngezigidigidi ezingu-1.624 zamayuan. I-Maoshan yaziwa njengentaba yamaDaoist, kanti uMnyango Wezolimo ngo-2021 wafaka umzila "茅山长青" ezincomweni zasehlobo zokuvakasha kwezolimo zasemakhaya: ipaki letiye, ipulazi letiye laseMaoshan kanye nezindawo eziyisikhumbuzo zeminyaka yempi.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Uhlobo / I-cultivar:** Yiziphi izinhlobo ezivunyelwe uphawu, emithonjeni etholakele akukasho. Ipulazi letiye laseMaoshan, ngokwencazelo yoMnyango Wezolimo, linyanga zonke litshala 10–20 mu wezinhlobo zama-clone — i-Longjing 43 (龙井43, *Lóngjǐng 43*), i-Longjing Changye (龙井长叶, *Lóngjǐng chángyè*), i-Wunniu Zao ([乌牛早](https://thetea.app/zu/article/wuniu-zao), *Wūniú zǎo*) — esikhundleni sohlobo lwendawo lwaseJurong.
* **Ukuvuna:** Imiqumbe iqhakaza ngoMashi.
* **Izinga lokuvuna:** Ngokwamazwi kasihlalo wenhlangano yetiye embikweni ka-2022, itiye elingcono kakhulu lenziwa ngezinduna ezingamakhemisi, elilandelayo — ngeqabunga elilodwa noma amaqabunga amabili ngokwesilinganiso esithile. I-Maoshan Changqing yendawo ebiza kakhulu (极品), ngokwawo mbiko, ikhiqiza kuphela u-1.5 kg ngemu.
* **Izidingo zezinto zokusetshenziswa:** Ngokwawo mbiko, uphawu lungasetshenziswa kuphela umkhiqizi onesitifiketi "somkhiqizo ohlaza"; umquba iningi lawo ungowemvelo (utshani obolile, umquba wezilwane), ezinkingeni zezinambuzane — izicupho zokukhanya kanye namapuleti aphuzi anamathelayo.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** I-Jurong ilele eduze kwe-31st parallel. Ububanzi besifunda — 1385 km²; eningizimu — izintaba zaseMaoshan, enyakatho — ukhahlamba lwaseNingzhen. Imibhalo yendawo ichaza indawo ngefomula "izingxenye ezinhlanu zezintaba, eyodwa — amanzi, ezine — amasimu" (五山一水四分田).
* **Isimo sezulu:** I-subtropical monsoon, enezikhathi ezine ezicacile.
* **Inhlabathi:** Ngokombiko — izintaba eziphansi, amagquma kanye nezihosha ezinomvini ofanele wenhlabathi kanye nokuqukethwe okunothile kwamaminerali; izinga eliphezulu lehlathi linikeze iminyaka eminingi i-organic eningi.
* **Ukuphakama kokukhula:** Imininingwane emithonjeni etholakele ayikho.
* **Ubukhulu:** Ngokwemininingwane yombiko ka-2022, izingadi zetiye zaseJurong zithatha cishe ama-mu angu-50 000, umkhiqizo — cishe amathani angu-900 ngonyaka, inani lomkhiqizo — cishe izigidigidi ezingu-0.5 zamayuan. Lokhu yilo lonke itiye lesifunda, hhayi i-Maoshan Changqing kuphela.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Umbiko we-Central Radio ubala le misebenzi elandelayo futhi uyasho ukuthi uhlu alupheleli ("nokunye"); imingcele umthombo awuyinikezi:

1.  **Ukunqamula (摊放, *tānfàng*):** Iqabunga elisha liyanqunywa ukuze likhiphe ingxenye yomswakama.
2.  **Ukulungiswa (杀青, *shāqīng*):** Ukushisa kumisa ukufakwa komoya.
3.  **Ukupholisa (摊凉, *tānliáng*).**
4.  **Ukuqondiswa kweqabunga (理条, *lǐtiáo*):** Iqabunga liqondiswa libe yimicu eqondile.
5.  **Ukunikezwa kwesimo (整形, *zhěngxíng*):** Iqabunga lenziwa libe yisicaba futhi liqondile.
6.  **Ukomiswa (干燥, *gānzào*).**

Itiye lenziwa ngemishini nangesandla: eJurong kuqhutshwa izifundo zazo zombili izindlela. Ngaphambi kokunamathisela uphawu, iqembu lihlolwa ngochwepheshe; iqembu elingadlulanga ukuhlolwa alilutholi uphawu.

**6. Izici Zokunambitheka:**

Incazelo emfushane evela encwadini eyisithenjwa:

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Isicaba, siqondile futhi sihle, sinombala we-emeraldi (外形扁直挺秀、色翠).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Imininingwane emithonjeni etholakele ayikho.
* **Iphunga lokumnika:** Kusha futhi kuphakeme (香气鲜高).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kusha futhi kuvuselelayo (鲜爽).
* **Umbala wokumnika:** Uhlaza ngobumnene (汤色嫩绿).
* **Iqabunga elithengiwe:** Kukhanya, kuyakhanya (叶底明亮).

Izinga leqembu lika-2022, ngokombiko wokukhishwa kwalo, lihlangaanise izinhlobo ezintathu zangaphambili zaba ezinhlanu: elikhethekile lokuqala, elikhethekile lesibili, elokuqala, elesibili nelesithathu. Kwelikhethekile lokuqala iqabunga lisicaba kancane, lihle futhi lilingene, umbala usha, uhlaza njengejade; iphunga lihlanzekile futhi licwebile, ukunambitheka kusha futhi kuvuselelayo, ukumnika kunombala ohlaza ngobumnene futhi kukhanya, iqabunga elithengiwe lingaphansi luhlaza, likhanya futhi lilingene (条索微扁、挺秀、均齐，色泽翡翠鲜润；香气清香幽雅，滋味鲜爽，汤色嫩绿、明亮，叶底嫩绿、鲜亮、匀齐).

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Imininingwane ye-physicochemical emithonjeni etholakele ayikho.

**8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo:**

Imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngqo ayikho.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g ngawo-150 ml.
* **Isitsha:** Ingilazi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Shisisa isitsha.
    2. Beka itiye bese uthela amanzi ngasodongeni.
    3. Ukumnika kokuqala — ngemuva kwemizuzwana engu-40–60.
    4. Phuza, ushiya ingxenye yokumnika.
    5. Thela amanzi futhi.
    6. Ukuphindwa kabili noma kathathu.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Ephepheni elivalekile, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama namaphunga. Kungcono ukuphuzwa phakathi nonyaka.

**11. Intengo Kanye Nemikhiqizo Yomgunyathi:**

Imininingwane ngezintengo emithonjeni etholakale ayikho.

* **Uzivikela kanjani emikhiqizweni yomgunyathi:**
    * Bheka isitika sophawu: ngokombiko, kunesithombe se-QR esinolwazi ngomkhiqizo nomkhiqizi.
    * Hlola ukuthi umkhiqizi ungowaseJurong.
    * Iqabunga — lisicaba, liqondile, linombala we-emeraldi; ukumnika — kunombala ohlaza ngobumnene.
    * Ungadidanisi ne-Maoshan Qingfeng ([茅山青锋](https://thetea.app/zu/article/maoshan-qing-feng)) — elinye itiye lentaba efanayo.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Endaweni yokuvikela kufakwe nendawo yokuthuthukiswa komnotho yaseJurong — ngokuvamile izindawo zetiye zichazwa ngamayunithi asemakhaya.
* I-latitude yendawo esimemezelweni ibhalwe ngephutha: umngcele wasenyakatho uphansi kunowaseningizimu.

**13. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiye aluhlaza aseJiangsu:**

* **I-Maoshan Qingfeng (茅山青锋):** Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda saseJintan sesifunda saseChangzhou entabeni efanayo yaseMaoshan; igama elihlukile.
* **I-Jintan Queshe ([金坛雀舌](https://thetea.app/zu/article/jintan-que-she)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda esifanayo saseJintan.
* **I-Nanjing Yuhua Cha ([南京雨花茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/nanjing-yuhua-cha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza laseNanjing elingumakhelwane; nalo lasungulwa engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu lama-20.

**Ekuphethweni:**

I-Maoshan Changqing — itiye eliluhlaza elincane laseJurong, elasungulwa yipulazi letiye laseMaoshan maphakathi nawo-1980: iqabunga elisicaba eliqondile eliwumbala we-emeraldi, ukumnika okunombala ohlaza ngobumnene kanye nokunambitheka okusha. Uphawu lwayo luvikela sonke isifunda, kusukela emalokishini asezintabeni kuya endaweni yokuthuthukiswa komnotho, kanti isitika sitholwa kuphela iqembu eliphumelele ukuhlolwa kochwepheshe.