---
title: "Mágū chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/magu-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Mágū chá (麻姑茶)

**Magu Cha** (*Mágū chá*, 麻姑茶) — itiye eliluhlaza laseNtabeni iMagu (麻姑山) esifundeni saseNancheng (南城县) ngaphansi kukamasipala waseFuzhou empumalanga yesifundazwe saseJiangxi. Intaba iqanjwe ngegama likaMagu ongafiyo, futhi inganekwane ixhumanisa itiye ngokwalo naye. Kusukela ngo-2016, iMagu Cha ingumkhiqizo wezolimo onophawu lwendawo, futhi kusukela ngo-2025 ingumkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo. Umthetho ka-2016 uchaza umsebenzi wezandla nokomiswa emthunzini, kanti izidingo zika-2025 zichaza uhlelo olufushane nokomiswa ngemfudumalo.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*), elingabiliswanga; libizwa kanjalo ngqo umthetho ka-2016.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye eliluhlaza lasezintabeni empumalanga yeJiangxi; uphawu lwendawo lwezolimo (2016), umkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo (2025) kanye nophawu lokuhweba lokuqinisekisa «南城麻姑茶».
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe saseJiangxi (江西, *Jiāngxī*), umasipala waseFuzhou (抚州, *Fǔzhōu*), isifunda saseNancheng (南城, *Nánchéng*), intaba iMagu.
* **Indawo evikelwe:** Ngokwamadokhumenti womabili okuvikela — amadolobhana aseJianchang (建昌镇), eZhuliang (株良镇) naseHongmen (洪门镇), izigodi zaseTianjingyuan (天井源乡) naseXunxi (浔溪乡). Indawo ngokubhaliswa kuka-2016 ingamahektha angu-866.67, umthamo wonyaka ungamathani angu-306.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** 116°24′42″–116°57′24″ E kanye no-27°18′51″–27°47′49″ N.

**2. Umlando nokubaluleka kwamasiko:**

* **Inganekwane.** Ngokwenganekwane, ngesikhathi seMpumalanga yeHan, kwakuhlala intaba uMagu ongafiyo: entwasahlobo wayekha amahlumela athambile, awapheke ngamanzi omthombo iShengongquan (神功泉) futhi aphe abavakashi.
* **Umlando:**
    * **iTang.** Incwadi yereferensi icaphuna «Umlando wesifunda saseNancheng» (《南城县志》): ukukhiqizwa kwetiye laseMagu kwachuma ngesikhathi seTang.
    * **iMing.** Ngokulandisa kwezincwadi zereferensi, uXu Guangqi encwadini ethi «Incwadi ephelele yezolimo» (《农政全书》) wabiza itiye laseNancheng iMagu ngokuthi «eliphakeme kunawo wonke amatiye» (为茶之极品), kanti uLi Dongyang, uXiao Xian noLi Shishi balidumisa ngezinkondlo. Izingcaphuno aziqinisekiswanga nemithombo yokuqala.
    * **iQing.** Ngokwencwadi yereferensi, ekuqaleni kobukhosi itiye lafakwa eziphweni zenkantolo. Kuyo futhi, kucashunwa umagazini othi «Shipin keji» (《食品科技》, 1982), kuthiwa ngemva kokuzalwa kukayise wangomuso uMbuso uTongzhi ngo-1856, esabelweni sanyanga zonke sikanina, umbusikazi wangomuso uCixi, kwafakwa amalemu ayishumi nane etiye laseMagu.
    * **1985.** Ngokwencwadi yereferensi, itiye lathola isicoco sesifundazwe «setiye lendabuko elisezingeni eliphezulu» futhi laphinde lathunyelwa eHong Kong naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia.
    * **2016.** Ukubhaliswa njengomkhiqizo wezolimo onophawu lwendawo (isitifiketi AGI01815); umnikazi — isikhungo sesifunda sokusabalalisa ubuchwepheshe bezolimo.
    * **2022.** Ngokombiko wengosi yobunikazi bokusungula yoMnyango wezohwebo, inhlangano yesifunda yemikhiqizo yendawo yathola isitifiketi sophawu lokuqinisekisa «南城麻姑茶».
    * **2025.** Ngokwesimemezelo seHhovisi likazwelonke lobunikazi bokusungula (CNIPA) No. 640 sika-16 Julayi 2025, itiye laqashelwa njengomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo ohlwini olujwayelekile lwemikhiqizo engu-1409; umfakisicelo — isikhungo socwaningo lwesayensi nobuchwepheshe bezolimo sesifunda saseNancheng.
* **Igama:** 麻姑 (*Mágū*) — igama likaMagu ongafiyo, intaba eqanjwe ngaye.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Intaba iMagu iyindawo engcwele yamaDaoist: ngokwe-«Records of Famous Mountains» (《名山志》) njengoba kulandiswa encwadini yereferensi, iyona kuphela enakho kokubili «izulu lomgede» kanye «nomhlaba obusisiwe». Emithambekeni kukhona umgede waseDanxia (丹霞洞天) kanye nesigodlo saseXunzhensi (寻真寺).

**3. Incazelo yezitshalo nezinto zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Izinhlobo / Cultivar:** Ayikho inhlobo ebhalisiwe. Umthetho ka-2016 uthi kufanele kuthathwe izitshalo zomama ezihlahleni zendawo, ezikhula ngokwemvelo eNtabeni iMagu futhi zandiswe ngokusikwa kweziqu; izidingo zika-2025 zibiza impahla yokusetshenziswa ngokuthi «uhlobo lweMagu» (麻姑茶品种) futhi nazo zidinga ukusikwa kweziqu. Ngokwencwadi yereferensi, isixuku sendawo siyisihlahla esinamaqabunga aphakathi nendawo esinamahlumela anoboya obuningi; amahlumela ayikhulu «iqabunga elinamaqabunga amathathu» anesisindo esingu-36.1 g.
* **Ukuvuna:** Ngokomthetho ka-2016 — kusukela emcimbini weQingming; ngokwezidingo zika-2025 — kusukela ekupheleni kukaMashi kuya ekupheleni kukaMeyi, kusukela ehlumeleni elilodwa kuya kumahlumela anamaqabunga amane. Ngokwencwadi yereferensi, isivuno singaphezu kwe-100 kg yetiye ngemu.
* **Izinga lokuvuna:** Ngetiye elingcono kakhulu — kuphela «iqabunga elinamahlumela» (一旗一枪, *yī qí yī qiāng*), ihlumela elide ngo-2–3 cm; amaqabunga athwalwa ngezibhasikidi zikadayi ezinomoya futhi athathwe ngokushesha aye ekucubungulweni.

**4. I-Terroir kanye nezici zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Intaba iMagu — iku-10 km eningizimu-ntshonalanga yesikhungo sesifunda, iyinxenye yochungechunge lwezintaba iWuyishan.
* **Isimo sezulu nobude:** I-monsoon ephakathi nendawo ephansi, enomswakama, nenkungu evamile. Ngokomthetho ka-2016 — ukuphakama kungu-600–1176 m, imvula ingu-1700 mm, amahora elanga angu-2000–2230 ngonyaka, izinga lokushisa eliphakathi nendawo lilinganiselwa ku-15 °C, umehluko wansuku zonke ulinganiselwa ku-10 °C. Incwadi yereferensi inikeza amasimu ku-500–1000 m kanye nemvula engu-2300 mm, izidingo zika-2025 zinikeza ukuphakama okungu-600–1000 m. Amasethi awavumelani.
* **Inhlabathi:** Ngokomthetho ka-2016 — inhlabathi ebomvu, ensundu-ophuzi nesihlabathi, i-pH 4.0–6.5; ngokwezidingo zika-2025 — insundu-ophuzi, ejulile futhi evundile, i-pH 4.8–6.5.
* **Ukunakekelwa kwensimu:** Umanyolo ikakhulukazi wezinto eziphilayo, i-nitrate nitrogen ayivunyelwe; isicupho sokukhanya esisodwa kuma-mu angu-50.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza:**

Ngokomthetho wezolimo we-GI ka-2016:

1.  **Ukupholisa (凉青, *liángqīng*):** Ngongqimba lwe-2–3 cm kumathileyi alumukile, amahora angu-6–12.
2.  **Ukulungisa (杀青, *shāqīng*):** Ebhodweni lensimbi elibanzi ku-150–200 °C, cishe u-2 kg wamaqabunga ngesikhathi, ngomthetho othi «izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, amaqabunga amancane». Kuphelile lapho iqabunga selithambile, lingenasicwebezeli futhi lingenalo iphunga lotshani.
3.  **Ukusonga (揉捻, *róuniǎn*):** Amahlumela acishe abe maholo, anesiqu esiwugqinsi, ngakho asongwa esashisa, emlilweni omncane, abe yinqwaba noma isibopho.
4.  **Ukomisa (干燥, *gānzào*):** Kumatafula okadayi emthunzini, ngaphandle kwelanga eliqondile, kuze kufike kumswakama ongu-3–5 %. Emvuleni — ukomisa kancane ngezinga lokushisa eliphansi.
5.  **Ukukhetha nokuhluza (精挑, 筛分, *jīngtiāo*, *shāifēn*):** Ngesandla kususwa amaqabunga ashiwe nezigaxa, izihlungi zihlukanisa itiye ngezigaba.

Izidingo zika-2025 zinikeza olunye uhlelo: ukulungisa → ukusonga → ukugazinga (炒青, *chǎoqīng*) → ukomisa ngemfudumalo (烘干, *hōnggān*). Ukuthi izinhlelo ezimbili zihlobana kanjani, amadokhumenti awakuchazi.

**6. Izici ze-Organoleptic:**

Izincazelo zinikezwa umthetho ka-2016 («ngokubhaliswa»), izidingo zika-2025 kanye nencwadi yereferensi.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Ngokubhaliswa — iqabunga elinomhlumela eligcwele ngombala we-jadeite (色如翡翠), ngokusongwa okuqinile. Ngokwezidingo zika-2025 — izibopho eziqondile, eziqinile, ezilinganayo ezinomhlumela obonakalayo. Ngokwencwadi yereferensi — ukusongwa okuqinile ngoboya, okumpunga-siliva ngokuhlaza okunamanzi (银灰翠润).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Ayikho incazelo ehlukile etholakala emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lokuphisa:** Eliphakeme futhi elihlala isikhathi eside (香气高扬且持久).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Ngokubhaliswa — kulula futhi kusha, ngokunambitheka okumnandi ngemva (滋味清淡鲜爽，回味甘而生津); ngokwencwadi yereferensi — kuqinile, kumnandi futhi kuvuselelayo (醇厚甘爽). Imithombo ayivumelani.
* **Umbala wokuphisa:** Oluhlaza okotshani okusha, osobala (鲜绿透亮).
* **Izansi yetiye (iqabunga eliphekiwe):** Elilinganayo, eliluhlaza okotshani obuthambile, elikhanyayo (匀整、嫩绿明亮); ngokwezidingo zika-2025 ihlumela ngalinye liyabonakala (芽叶朵朵可辨).

Itiye, ngokomthetho ka-2016, limelana nokuphisa kaningi (耐泡).

**7. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali:**

Umthetho ka-2016 ubeka izindinganiso:

| Inkomba | Izinga |
| :--- | :--- |
| Umswakama | hhayi ngaphezu kwe-7.0 % |
| Umlotha | hhayi ngaphezu kwe-7.0 % |
| Izinto ezincibilika emanzini | hhayi ngaphansi kwe-36.0 % |
| I-cellulose eluhlaza | hhayi ngaphezu kwe-14.0 % |
| I-Theanine (茶氨酸) | hhayi ngaphansi kwe-2.1 % |

Izidingo zika-2025: umlotha ophelele hhayi ngaphezu kwe-6.5 %, i-cellulose eluhlaza hhayi ngaphezu kwe-10.5 %, izinto ezincibilikayo hhayi ngaphansi kwe-36 %, ama-amino acid hhayi ngaphansi kwe-5.5 %.

Incwadi yereferensi inikeza ngesampula eyomile «ihlumela elinamaqabunga amabili» ama-amino acid angu-3.0 %, ama-polyphenol angu-26.6 %, ama-catechin angu-12.8 % ne-caffeine engu-5.9 %, ngaphandle kwendlela; lokhu kuyaphikisana nezinga lika-2025 lama-amino acid.

**8. Izakhiwo eziwusizo:**

Ayikho idatha eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngokwalo.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g ku-150 ml.
* **Izitsha:** Ingilazi yengilazi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Fudumeza izitsha.
    2. Faka itiye bese uthela amanzi ngasodongeni.
    3. Ukuphisa kokuqala — ngemva kwemizuzwana engu-40–60.
    4. Phuza, ushiya ingxenye yokuphisa.
    5. Thela amanzi futhi.
    6. Ukuthela kabili noma kathathu nangaphezulu.

**10. Ukugcina:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Ebhodweni elivaleke ngokuqinile, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle komswakama, ukukhanya namaphunga angaphandle. Kungcono ukuphuzwa phakathi nonyaka.

**11. Intengo kanye nama-fake:**

Ayikho idatha yezintengo etholakala emithonjeni etholakele. Ngokwencwadi yereferensi, itiye eliqediwe lihlukaniswa ngezigaba ezinhlanu.

* **Ungawagwema kanjani ama-fake:**
    * Bheka uphawu lwendawo noma uphawu lokuqinisekisa «南城麻姑茶» (ngokwekhathalogi — No. 40782709).
    * Qinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizi ungomunye wezindawo ezinhlanu ezibaluliwe zesifunda saseNancheng.

**12. Amaqiniso athakazelisayo:**

* Umthetho ka-2016 wenqabela ngqo ukomisa itiye elangeni elishisayo.
* Umthetho ka-2016 ubeka izinga le-theanine, kanti izidingo zika-2025 esikhundleni salokho zibeka ama-amino acid.
* Igama lendawo lokuvuna «ihlumela elineqabunga» — «ifulegi nomkhonto» (一旗一枪).

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye:**

* **Zixi Bai Cha ([资溪白茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/zixi-baicha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza elivela ezinhlotsheni ezinamaqabunga amhlophe zesifunda saseZixi kumasipala ofanayo waseFuzhou.
* **Lichuan Baicha ([黎川白茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/lichuan-baicha)):** Itiye lesifunda saseLichuan kumasipala ofanayo; isigaba salo asikasungulwa ngamadokhumenti.
* **Lushan Yun Wu ([庐山云雾](https://thetea.app/zu/article/lushan-yun-wu)):** Elinye lamatiye aluhlaza asezintabeni aziwa kakhulu eJiangxi.
* **Gougounao Cha ([狗牯脑茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/gougunao-cha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza laseJiangxi elinendondo yegolide yango-1915.

**Ekuphetheni:**

IMagu Cha itiye eliluhlaza lasezintabeni lesifunda saseNancheng, eliqanjwe ngentaba yamaDaoist. Umthetho ka-2016 uchaza umsebenzi wezandla: ukulungisa ebhodweni ku-150–200 °C, ukusonga okushisayo nokomisa emthunzini. Ukubukeka — ukusongwa okuqinile ngombala we-jadeite kanye nokuphisa okuluhlaza osobala; ngokunambitheka imithombo iyaphikisana. Udumo oludala lwaleli tiye lusekelwe ezindabeni ezilandiwe, ezingaqinisekiswanga nemithombo yokuqala.