---
title: "Ikilasi letiye eliluhlaza"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/lucha-xianjing
lang: zu
updated: 2026-07-23
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Ikilasi letiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, lǜchá xiànjǐng)

Ikilasi letiye eliluhlaza (绿茶 *lǜchá*) liyikilasi elikhulu kunawo wonke etiyeni laseShayina futhi yingakho liphambili ngokudideka kwamagama: linamazinga amaningi adumile (名茶 *míngchá*), futhi amagama omlando akheka ngesimo seqabunga, umbala wezinto ezingavuthiwe noma igama lendawo, hhayi ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe. Lesi sihloko siqopha "izingibe" ezivame kakhulu ukuze ikhathalogi ihlale ihlanzekile: ikilasi letiye linqunywa yindlela yokucubungula, hhayi igama elisegameni.

## Umthetho Oyinhloko: ikilasi liyinqubo, hhayi igama

Ukuba yingxenye yamakilasi ayisithupha etiye laseShayina kunqunywa indlela yokucubungula, ngaphezu kwakho konke — ukuba khona noma ukungabikho 'kokulungisa ukuluhlaza' (杀青 *shāqīng*, ukumisa ama-enzyme ngokushisa) kanye nezinqubo ezinjengokuthi 'ukuvuthwa' (闷黄 *mēnhuáng*) etiyeni eliphuzi noma ukuvutshelwa kwamagciwane etiyeni elimnyama. Amagama anjengathi "mhlophe", "phuzi", "isiliva", "luhlaza" egameni — lokhu kungukuthengisa, isiko lesifunda noma incazelo yokubukeka, hhayi inkomba yekilasi. Konke okuhlukile okubalulwe ngezansi kuvela kulokhu.

## "Mhlophe" Ngegama — Luhlaza Ngekilasi

Isingibe esaziwa kakhulu — i-**[安吉白茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/anji-baicha)** (*Ānjí báichá*, "itiye elimhlophe lase-Anji"). Naphezu kwegama elithi 白茶, leli **itiye eliluhlaza**. Imfihlo isohlotsheni lwe-albino **白叶一号** (*báiyè yīhào*). Emazingeni okushisa aphansi entwasahlobo, amahlumela amancane aba "nokushwabana okumhlophe" (低温白化): iqabunga linokuncane kwe-chlorophyll futhi linama-amino acid amaningi, okwenza ukuthi umhluzo uthambekele "ekubeni sha" (鲜 *xiān*). Kodwa izinto ezingavuthiwe zicutshungulwa ngobuchwepheshe obuluhlaza — nge-杀青, ngaphandle kokuvuthwa nangaphandle kokubuna, okuyisici setiye elimhlophe langempela. Ngakho-ke i-安吉白茶 ingaphansi kwekilasi eliluhlaza, futhi ibizwa "ngomhlophe" ngenxa yombala ophaphathekile weqabunga kuphela.

Ngalo mqondo ofanayo, ahlala eluhlaza, hhayi amhlophe, i-**正安白茶** (*Zhèng'ān báichá*), i-**[天目湖白茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/tianmuhu-baicha)** (*Tiānmùhú báichá*) kanye ne-**[资溪白茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/zixi-baicha)** (*Zīxī báichá*) — wonke enziwe ngezinhlobo ezifanayo ze-albino futhi acutshungulwa njengetiye eliluhlaza.

## Intaba Eyodwa — Amakilasi Ahlukene: 蒙顶山

Kusuka entabeni i-Mengding (蒙顶山 *Méngdǐngshān*) kuvela amakilasi ahlukene etiye, futhi lokhu kuyadida. I-**[蒙顶甘露](https://thetea.app/zu/article/mengding-gan-lu)** (*Méngdǐng gānlù*) ne-**[蒙顶石花](https://thetea.app/zu/article/mengding-shihua)** (*Méngdǐng shíhuā*) — **ziluhlaza**. Kodwa i-**[蒙顶黄芽](https://thetea.app/zu/article/mengding-huang-ya)** (*Méngdǐng huángyá*) — **iphuzi** (黄茶), ngoba ekukhiqizeni kwayo kunesigaba sokuvuthwa 闷黄, esinikeza ubumnene nethoni efudumele. Igama lendawo elilodwa, isifunda esisodwa somthombo — kodwa ubuchwepheshe obuhlukene, futhi okusho ukuthi, amakilasi ahlukene.

## "Izinaliti Eziyisiliva", Ezingefani

Igama elithi "izinaliti" (银针 *yínzhēn*) lichaza isimo — imiqumbe eqondile njengezinaliti — futhi litholakala emakilasini amaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa:

- **[君山银针](https://thetea.app/zu/article/junshan-yin-zhen)** (*Jūnshān yínzhēn*) — **itiye eliphuzi** (黄茶), elinokuvuthwa.
- **[白毫银针](https://thetea.app/zu/article/baihao-yinzhen)** (*Báiháo yínzhēn*) — **itiye elimhlophe** (白茶), elenziwe ngokubuna nokomiswa ngaphandle kwe-杀青.
- **[滇红金针](https://thetea.app/zu/article/dianhong-jin-zhen)** (*Diānhóng jīnzhēn*) — **itiye elibomvu** (红茶, elivutshiwe ngokuphelele).

Womathathu angimiqumbe emise okwenzaliti, kodwa amakilasi amathathu ahlukene. I-君山银针 ivame ukudidaniswa ne-白毫银针 ikakhulukazi ngenxa yegama elithi "izinaliti".

## Isifunda Esisodwa — Amakilasi Amabili: 安化

Isifunda sase-Anhua (安化 *Ānhuà*) eHunan sikhiqiza amakilasi amabili ahlukene ngesikhathi esisodwa:

- **[安化松针](https://thetea.app/zu/article/anhua-song-zhen)** (*Ānhuà sōngzhēn*, "izinaliti zikaphayini zase-Anhua") — **itiye eliluhlaza** elimise okwenzaliti.
- **[安化黑茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/anhua-heicha)** (*Ānhuà hēichá*) — **itiye elimnyama** (黑茶) ngokuvutshelwa kwamagciwane, okuyiwo ahlanganisa adumile 'ayinkulungwane yamashumi amabili' (千两 *qiānliǎng*) kanye 'nezitini ze-fu' (茯砖 *fúzhuān*).

Isifunda esisodwa, kodwa "izinaliti zikaphayini" ziluhlaza, kanti "itiye elimnyama lase-Anhua" limnyama. Igama lendawo alilinqumi ikilasi.

## "毛尖" — Luhlobo, Hhayi Itiye Elilodwa

Igama elithi **[毛尖](https://thetea.app/zu/article/mao-jian)** (*máojiān*) lichaza isimo nohlobo (izinto ezincane ezisontiwe ezingavuthiwe ezinemiqumbe), kodwa aliboshelwe etiyeni elilodwa noma ekilasini elilodwa:

- **[信阳毛尖](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xinyang-mao-jian)** (*Xìnyáng máojiān*, Henan) — luhlaza.
- **都匀毛尖** (*Dūyún máojiān*, Guizhou) — luhlaza.
- **古丈毛尖** (*Gǔzhàng máojiān*, Hunan) — luhlaza.
- **沩山毛尖** (*Wéishān máojiān*, Hunan) — **phuzi** (黄茶).

Ama-"maojian" amathathu aluhlaza, kanti elesine liphuzi. Igama elifanayo egameni aliqinisekisi ikilasi elilodwa.

## Akuluhlaza, Noma "kuzwakala kuluhlaza" Noma Kumila Endaweni Eluhlaza

Amatiye amaningana adumile afakwa ngephutha kweziluhlaza:

- **大红袍** (*Dàhóngpáo*), **铁观音** (*Tiěguānyīn*), **凤凰单丛** (*Fènghuáng dāncóng*), **冻顶乌龙** (*Dòngdǐng wūlóng*) — lawa **ama-ulong** (青茶 *qīngchá*), avutshiwe ngokwengxenye, hhayi aluhlaza.
- **普洱生茶** (*Pǔ'ěr shēngchá*) kanye **晒青毛茶** (*shàiqīng máochá*) — ngokusemthethweni i-晒青 (*shàiqīng*, ukomiswa elangeni) ingaphansi kobuchwepheshe bokulungisa okuluhlaza, kodwa **lokhu kuyisisekelo sezinto ezingavuthiwe ze-pu'er**, ngakho-ke amatiye anjalo abhekwa kumzila we-pu'er, hhayi kowokuluhlaza.

Futhi ekugcineni, okubalulekile: **绿茶 ≠ "okuluhlaza/okungokwemvelo"**. Ikilasi linqunywa yindlela yokucubungula, hhayi umbala wephakethe futhi hhayi ngesimo se-eco somkhiqizo.

## Aluhlaza, Kodwa "Angavamile" Ngesimo

Amanye amatiye aluhlaza angempela abukeka engavamile futhi ngenxa yalokho ayadida:

- **六安瓜片** (*Lù'ān guāpiàn*) — uwukuphela kwetiye elenziwe **ngamaqabunga kuphela**, ngaphandle kwemiqumbe neziqu.
- **太平猴魁** (*Tàipíng hóukuí*) — itiye elikhulu kakhulu eliyisicaba lohlobo "lwamaqabunga amabili nomqumbe", ubude bawo bufinyelela ku-~7 cm; leli itiye eliluhlaza elomiswe ngendlela eshisayo (烘青 *hōngqīng*).
- **恩施玉露** (*Ēnshī yùlù*) kanye **仙人掌茶** (*Xiānrénzhǎng chá*) — **itiye eliluhlaza elenziwe ngesitimu** (蒸青 *zhēngqīng*), okuyivelakancane eShayina, lapho ukulungiswa kwenziwa ngesitimu, hhayi ngokushisa embizeni.

## Amatiye Asesitimu AseJapane — Indaba Ehlukile

Ama-**煎茶** (*sencha*) aseJapane, i-**玉露** (*gyokuro*), i-**抹茶** (*matcha*) ne-**玄米茶** (*genmaicha*) nawo aluhlaza futhi nawo alungiswa ngesitimu (蒸青), kodwa lawa **amatiye aseJapane**, futhi akufanele ahlanganiswe nemizila yaseShayina.

## Indlela Yokugwema Ukubanjwa: Uhlu Lokuhlola Olufushane

- Bheka ubuchwepheshe, hhayi igama. Ikhona yini i-杀青? Ikhona yini i-闷黄 (uma kunjalo iphuzi), ukubuna ngaphandle kokulungiswa okushisayo (mhlophe), ukuvutshelwa kwamagciwane (mnyama)?
- "Okumhlophe" egameni (njengaku-安吉白茶) kuvame ukusho uhlobo lwe-albino, hhayi ikilasi 白茶.
- "Izinaliti eziyisiliva" kanye "maojian" izimo, ezitholakala emakilasini ahlukene; cacisa isifunda nokucutshungulwa.
- Igama lendawo elilodwa (蒙顶山, 安化) lingakhiqiza amakilasi ahlukene etiye — ungalithembi izwe njengophawu lwekilasi.
- "Okuluhlaza" njengekilasi akufani "nombala oluhlaza" noma "okungokwemvelo".

Isiphetho silula: etiyeni eliluhlaza, igama livamise ukukhohlisa. Uphawu olunokwethenjelwa ubuchwepheshe bokucubungula, futhi yibo kanye esisebenzisa bona ukuhlukanisa itiye kuleli naleliya kilasi kwamayisithupha.

*Izihloko ezihlobene: i-taxonomy yetiye eliluhlaza, imizila ye-huángchá, báichá, hēichá kanye ne-pǔ'ěr.*