---
title: "Kāihuà Lóng Dǐng"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/kaihua-long-ding
lang: zu
updated: 2026-04-08
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Kāihuà Lóng Dǐng (开化龙顶)

Kāihuà Lóng Dǐng (开化龙顶, Kāihuà lóng dǐng) — itiye eliluhlaza elidumile elivela esifundeni saseKaihua entshonalanga yesifundazwe saseZhejiang, eChina, elathi ngo-2004 laqala phezulu ohlwini lwamatiye ayishumi adumile aseZhejiang (浙江省十大名茶). Uphawu lwalo oluvelele yilokho okubizwa ngo-«izinto ezintathu eziluhlaza» (三绿, sān lǜ): amacembe omile aluhlaza, uketshezi oluhlaza, kanye nesisekelo esiluhlaza setiye — kanye nombukwane oyingqayizivele ngesikhathi sokutheleka: imiqhumela eqondile efana nezinaliti ima ibheke phezulu engilazini, idala umphumela obizwa ngo-«Ihlathi Esitsheni» (杯中森林, bēi zhōng sēnlín). Isifunda saseKaihua sisendaweni ebaluleke kakhulu ye-«Quadrangle Legolide Letiye Eliluhlaza laseShayina» (中国绿茶"金三角"核心区) — indawo lapho kuhlangana khona izifundazwe iZhejiang, i-Anhui neJiangxi.

**1. Ukwahlukaniswa Nomsuka:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (elingagaywa). Ngobuchwepheshe — indlela ehlanganisa ukuthoswa nokomiswa okushisayo (炒烘结合, chǎo hōng jiéhé): inhlanganisela yokuthosa ukuze kwakheke isimo nokomiswa okuqhubekayo ngomshisa. Isimo — siqondile, sifana nezinaliti (针芽状, zhēnyá zhuàng).

* **Isigaba:** Umkhiqizo onesiqinisekiso sezwe sezindawo ezikhethekile zaseShayina (中国国家地理标志产品). Kwaba semkhiqizweni wokuqala ngenxa yamaphuzu aphelele phakathi kwa-«Matiye ayishumi adumile aseZhejiang» (2004). Ngo-1985, yathola isiqu «Itiye elidumile lezinga likaZwelonke» (全国名茶). Iwine izindondo zegolide kaningi emiqhudelwaneni yamazwe.

* **Umsuka:** IShayina, isifundazwe saseZhejiang (浙江, Zhèjiāng), idolobha iQuzhou (衢州市, Qúzhōu Shì), isifunda saseKaihua (开化县, Kāihuà Xiàn). Indawo yokukhiqiza — izintaba eziphakeme ngamamitha ayi-600–800. IKaihua isendaweni lapho kuhlangana khona izifundazwe ezintathu — iZhejiang, i-Anhui neJiangxi — enhliziyweni ye-«Quadrangle Legolide Letiye Eliluhlaza».

* **Izixhumanisi zokuma komhlaba:** Cishe 29°08′ enyakatfo, 118°25′ empumalanga.

**2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:** Ukutshalwa kwetiye eKaihua kubhalwe emibhalweni kusukela ngesikhathi soBukhosi be-Ming: encwadini ethi «Amarekhodi Esifunda saseKaihua» (开化县志, Kāihuà Xiàn Zhì) yangonyaka we-1631 (unyaka wesine wokubusa kuka-Chongzhen, 崇祯) kubhalwe ukuthi: «Kunikelwa amakilogramu amane etiye lamahlumela enziwe intela» (进贡芽茶四斤). Ngesikhathi soBukhosi be-Qing, ngesikhathi sikaGuangxu (光绪, 1875–1908), itiye laseKaihua lalihanjiswa enkantolo ngegama elithi «Baimaojian» (白[毛尖](https://thetea.app/zu/article/mao-jian), «Isiqongo esimhlophe esinoboya obuncane») nemingcele eqinile yesikhathi sokulethwa.

	Umlando wesimanjemanje: ngowe-1959 kwaqala umsebenzi wokuvuselela ukukhiqizwa. Ngowe-1979, itiye laqanjwa ngokusemthethweni ngo-«Kāihuà Lóng Dǐng» (开化龙顶, «Ukuphakama kwe-Dragoni laseKaihua»). Ngowe-1985 — yathola isiqu «Itiye Elidumile» ezingeni likazwelonke. Ngowe-2004 — yaba ngowokuqala ngamaphuzu aphelele phakathi kwa-«Matiye ayishumi adumile aseZhejiang», idlula iningi lezimbangi ezaziwa kakhulu.

* **Igama:**

	* «Kāihuà» (开化) — igama lesifunda.
	* «Lóng» (龙) — «udragoni»: uphawu lwezinga eliphezulu nobukhulu.
	* «Dǐng» (顶) — «ukuphakama, isiqongo»: kukhomba kokubili emsukeni wezintaba nasezingeni eliphakeme letiye.

* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** IKāihuà Lóng Dǐng ingukuziqhenya kwentshonalanga yeZhejiang ne-«Quadrangle Legolide Letiye Eliluhlaza». Iphesenti lamahlathi esifundeni ngama-80.4% — angamaphesenti aphezulu kakhulu eChina, okwenza iKaihua ibe yisibonelo se-«ukutshalwa kwetiye okunobungani nemvelo». Itiye limele ifilosofi yoku-«hlanzeka kwezinto ezintathu eziluhlaza» — ukuvumelana phakathi kwemvelo nobuchwepheshe besandla.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Izinhlobo / I-Cultivar:** Isisekelo sokukhiqiza — yi-**Jiukeng Quntizhong (鸠坑[群体种](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qunti-zhong), Jiūkēng Qúntǐzhǒng)** — uhlobo lomdabu olunamacembe amancane oluthandwa kakhulu, u-*Camellia sinensis* var. *sinensis*, olwenza amaphesenti angama-49.8 ezitshalo. Ngaphandle kwalokho: UFuding Dabai Cha (福鼎大白茶), u-Cuifeng (翠峰), nohlobo olusha olunethemba **Lóngdǐng 1 (龙顶1号, Lóngdǐng 1 hào)** — inzalo exhube izinhlobo i-Jiaming 1 (嘉茗1号) ne-Lóngjǐng 43, ebonakala ngokuqala ukumila kusenesikhathi nephunga lezimbali eligqamile.

* **Ukukhiwa:** Okwasentwasahlobo — kubaluleke kakhulu (明前, míngqián; 雨前, yǔqián). Okwasekwindla — okwesibili ngokubaluleka. Okwasehlobo — okunamandla kakhulu.

* **Izinga lokukhiwa:** Amagreyidi amane:
	* **Tèjí (特级):** Imiqhumela ephelele noma umhlumela owodwa neqabunga elilodwa ekuqaleni kokuvuleka. Imiqhumela inyama, «ikhazimulayo» (光韵明显). Iphunga le-orchid liqinile, ukunambitheka kusha futhi kumnandi.
	* **Yījí (一级):** Umhlumela owodwa neqabunga elilodwa. Amaqabunga aqondile, alinganayo, iphunga elihlanzekile neliqinile, ukunambitheka okugcwele.
	* **Èrjí (二级):** Umhlumela owodwa neqabunga elilodwa noma amabili. Ayalana ngokulingana, ukunambitheka okuthambile.
	* **Sānjí (三级):** Impahla enamandla kakhulu. Ukunambitheka okulula.

**4. I-Terroir Nezici Zokutshalwa:**

* **Isimiso sezinto eziphilayo:** Isifunda saseKaihua singesinye sezindawo ezi-«luhlaza» kakhulu eChina: iphesenti lamahlathi yi-**80.4%**. Izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi nendawo lingu-16.3°C, izulu lonyaka limamilimitha ayi-1990 (elinye eliphezulu kakhulu eZhejiang), inani lezinsuku ezinenkungu lonyaka liphakathi kokungaphezu kuka-83. Ukubakhona kokukhanya okuhlakazekile nomswakamo ophezulu kudala izimo ezifanelekile zokutshala itiye.

* **Ukuphakama kokutshalwa:** Amamitha ayi-600–800 ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle. Amasimu etiye azungezwe amahlathi nemifudlana yezintaba.

* **Inhlabathi:** Inhlabathi ebomvu nephuzi ene-asidi (红黄壤, hónghuáng rǎng), ecebile ngamaminerali. Ubume bezwe — yizintaba, kunezigodi eziningi lapho kuhlangana khona inkungu.

* **«I-Quadrangle Legolide»:** IKaihua isemngceleni weZhejiang, i-Anhui neJiangxi — indawo ethathwa njengelungele ukukhiqiza itiye eliluhlaza ngokuphelele: lapha kuhlangana umthelela wesimo sezulu solwandle saseZhejiang, izintaba zase-Anhui, nokufudumala okungaphansi kwe-subtropical yaseJiangxi.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Ubuchwepheshe be-Kāihuà Lóng Dǐng buhlanganisa ukuthosa nokomisa okushisayo, kanye nokukhandwa kabili nokomisa ngamalahle. Ukuhleleka kwezobuchwepheshe kufinyelela kumaphesenti angama-99.

* **Ukwendlalwa (摊青 — tān qīng):** Ukwendlalwa isikhashana ukuze kubune.

* **Ukulungiswa kokushisa okungapheli (杀青 — shāqīng):** Ngomshini we-roller noma ngesandla. Izinga lokushisa — kuncike endleleni.

* **Ukusontwa (揉捻 — róuniǎn):** Ukwakhiwa okulula.

* **Ukoma kwesikhashana okushisayo (初烘 — chū hōng):** Ukomiswa kusengaphambili okulula.

* **Ukwakhiwa / Ukuqondisa (理条/整形 — lǐtiáo / zhěngxíng):** Ukwakhiwa kabili (二次理条塑形) — isinyathelo esiyinhloko esinikeza imiqhumela isimo esiqondile, esizacile, esifana nezinaliti noboya obumhlophe obusobala (白毫披露).

* **Ukoma okushisayo kokugcina (烘干 — hōnggān):** Ngamalahle noma ngomshini. Ukushisa okuhamba kancane (文火提香) — ukugcina iphunga le-orchid, okuyilona phawu lwe-Lóng Dǐng.

**6. Izici Zokuhlolwa Kwezinzwa:**

* **Isimo samaqabunga omile:** Imiqhumela eqondile, ezacile, efana nezinaliti (紧直挺秀, jǐnzhí tǐngxiù), embozwe uboya obumhlophe obusobala (白毫披露). Umbala — uluhlaza ogqamile. Emagreyidini aphezulu — ziyafana, zizacile, «zifana nezinaliti zikaphayini» (似针芽).

* **Iphunga lamacembe omile:** Iphunga le-orchid (兰花香, lánhuā xiāng) — yisici esiyinhloko sephunga, i-Lóng Dǐng eyaziwa ngokungenaphutha ngalo. Inothi le-chestnut (板栗香, bǎnlì xiāng) — ngelesibili. Ubusha obuluhlaza obumsulwa.

* **Iphunga loketshezi:** Le-orchid, liqinile futhi lihle. Uma unambitha ngesineke — kuba nemisindo ye-chestnut.

* **Ukunambitheka:** Okusha, okuthambile, nokunojusi (鲜醇爽口, xiānchún shuǎngkǒu), kumnandi (甘甜, gāntián), kunenothi le-«umami» lobusha be-amino acid. Kugcwele (醇厚). Ukunambitheka kwangemuva — kuhlezi isikhathi eside, ne-«resonance yomphimbo» (喉韵悠长, hóuyùn yōucháng).

* **Umbala woketshezi:** Oluhlaza, ohlanzekile futhi ocacile — «ubuluhlaza» boketshezi bungenye ye-«zinto ezintathu eziluhlaza» (三绿).

* **Umphumela obukwayo ngesikhathi sokutheleka:** Uma kusetshenziswa ingilazi yegilasi, imiqhumela eqondile ima ibheke phezulu emanzini, idala umphumela we-«Ihlathi Esitsheni» (杯中森林) noma we-«Udragoni Oluhlaza Odansa Olwandle» (翠龙舞海, cuìlóng wǔhǎi). Lokhu kungenye yemibukiso yetiye ebabazekayo phakathi kwamatiye aluhlaza aseShayina.

* **Isisekelo setiye:** Amahlumela athambile, afanayo, aluhlaza ogqamile — okwesithathu kwe-«zinto ezintathu eziluhlaza».

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

* **Izinto eziningana (ama-catechin):** Inani eliphezulu — linikeza amandla okulwa nezimbangelazifo futhi lisiza ekwehliseni i-cholesterol.
* **Ama-amino acid (kufaka phakathi L-theanine):** Inani eliphakeme — umphumela wobuningi benkungu nokukhanya okuhlakazekile. Kunikeza ubusha ne-«umami».
* **Ama-alkaloid:** I-caffeine — inani eliphakathi nendawo.
* **Amavithamini:** UVithamini C, ama-carotenoid.
* **Amaminerali:** I-Potassium, i-magnesium, i-zinc, i-manganese.

**8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:**

* **Umsebenzi wokulwa nezimbangelazifo:** Inani eliphezulu lama-polyphenol lenza umonakalo wama-radical akhululeke.
* **Ukulawulwa kwezinga le-lipid:** Ama-catechin asiza ekwehliseni izinga le-cholesterol.
* **Umphumela wokunika amandla nokucaca kwengqondo (提神明目):** I-caffeine ne-L-theanine.
* **Umphumela wokupholisa (清热消暑):** Ukwanelisa ukoma ngezikhathi ezishisayo.
* **Ukuthuthukisa ukugaya (消食):** Ukuvuselela ukuhlukaniswa kwamafutha.

* **Kubalulekile:** izakhiwo ezibalulwe ngenhla zisekelwe emininingweni etholakala emphakathini futhi akuzona izincomo zokwelashwa.

**9. Ukutheleka Kwetiye:**

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 85–95°C — i-Lóng Dǐng, ngenxa yesimo sayo esifana nezinaliti nokwakheka okuqinile, ikwazi ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu kunamanye amatiye aluhlaza athambile.

* **Inani letiye:** Amagremu ama-3 kumamililitha ayi-150 (isilinganiso esingu-1:50). Ngoku-«phuza ngokuqondile» enkomishini enkulu — kuze kufike ku-1:75–1:150.

* **Isitsha:** Ingilazi yegilasi (玻璃杯) — iyisinqumo esiyimpoqo sokubheka umphumela we-«Ihlathi Esitsheni». I-gaiwan yobumba elimhlophe — yokuhlola iphunga.

* **Inqubo (indlela yokuthela phezulu / 上投法):**

	1. Fudumeza ingilazi, ukhiphe amanzi.
	2. Thela amanzi (85–95°C) aze afike ku-7/10 womthamo.
	3. Thela itiye — ubuke imiqhumela icwila kancane futhi ime ibheke phezulu.
	4. Yekela imizuzwana engama-20–40.
	5. Ukuphuza kokuqala — okusha kakhulu. Itiye likwazi ukuphuza izikhathi ezintathu kuya kwezine.

* **Qaphela:** ungakugcini isikhathi eside ukuze ugweme ubumuncu — ikakhulukazi kubalulekile etiyeni lasehlobo. Kwabathanda itiye, kunconywa izigaba ezintathu zokunambitha: ukubuka isimo (观形), ukuhogela iphunga (闻香), ukuhlola ukunambitheka (品味).

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

* Gcina esitsheni esivalwa ngokuqinile, endaweni emnyama nepholile.
* Okuyikho — efrijini ku-0–5°C.
* Isikhathi sokugcina — kuze kube yizinyanga eziyi-12.
* Ngemva kokuvula — sebenzisa kungakapheli izinyanga ezi-1–2.

**11. Intengo Nokukhohlisa:**

IKāihuà Lóng Dǐng — itiye elinezinga eliphezulu nentengo ephakathi nendawo uma liqhathaniswa nalawo aziwa kakhulu njenge-Lóng Jǐng noma i-[Bìluóchūn](https://thetea.app/zu/article/biluochun), okuyenza ibe nomtsalane kwabathanda itiye abafuna izinga lentengo elihambisana nezinga.

* **Ungakugwema kanjani ukukhohlisa:**

	* **Thenga kubathengisi abaqinisekisiwe** abanophawu lwendawo ekhethekile yesifunda saseKaihua.
	* **Hlola isimo:** «izinaliti» eziqondile, ezizacile ezinoboya obumhlophe. Amacembe asontekile noma ayizicaba — okwalunye uhlobo lwetiye.
	* **Hlola «Ihlathi Esitsheni»:** lapho utheleka engilazini yegilasi, imiqhumela kufanele ime ibheke phezulu. Ukungabi khona kwalomphumela kuyisizathu sokungabaza.
	* **Hlola iphunga:** inothi le-orchid — wuphawu lomkhiqizo. Ukungabi khona kwe-orchid kuwuphawu lomgunyathi.
	* **Naka intengo:** intengo ephansi ngokusolisayo yisizathu sokuqaphela.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Ngo-2004, i-Kāihuà Lóng Dǐng yaba semkhiqizweni wokuqala ngamaphuzu aphelele phakathi kwa-«Matiye ayishumi adumile aseZhejiang» — idlula iningi lamatiye anomlando omude nokwaziwa kakhulu.

* Umphumela we-«杯中森林» («Ihlathi Esitsheni») — ungomunye wemibukiso ebabazekayo emhlabeni wetiye eliluhlaza: inqwaba yemiqhumela efana nezinaliti emi mpo engilazini yegilasi ifana nehlathi elincane likaphayini.

* Iphesenti lamahlathi esifunda saseKaihua — 80.4% — lingelinye lamaphesenti aphezulu kakhulu ezindaweni ezitshala itiye eChina nasemhlabeni. Itiye likhula phakathi ehlathini ngokoqobo.

* I-cultivar entsha i-Lóngdǐng 1 (龙顶1号) — umphumela wokuxubanisa i-Jiaming 1 ne-Lóngjǐng 43 — yakhelwe ngokukhethekile i-Kaihua ukuze kwandiswe isikhathi sokukhiwa futhi kuqiniswe iphunga lezimbali.

* Isifunda saseKaihua sisendaweni ye-«Quadrangle Legolide Letiye Eliluhlaza» lapho kuhlangana khona izifundazwe ezintathu — iZhejiang, i-Anhui neJiangxi. Ebangeni elingamakhilomitha angama-200 ukusuka lapha, kukhiqizwa inqwaba yamatiye aluhlaza adumile: kusukela e-[Huángshān Máo Fēng](https://thetea.app/zu/article/huangshan-mao-feng) ne-Liù'ān Guāpiàn kuya e-[Lúshān Yún Wù](https://thetea.app/zu/article/lushan-yun-wu).

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye aluhlaza aseZhejiang:**

* **Xī Hú Lóng Jǐng ([西湖龙井](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xihu-longjing)):** Isicaba, inothi likaphayini ne-chestnut. I-Lóng Jǐng — igxile ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo nase-«umami»; i-Lóng Dǐng — ifana nezinaliti, ine-orchid, «inehlathi».

* **Bìluóchūn (碧螺春):** Evela eJiangsu. Ama-ekspiral aqinile anephunga lezimbali nezithelo. I-Bìluóchūn — ithambile futhi inezithelo; i-Lóng Dǐng — iqondile futhi «iluhlaza» kakhudlwana.

* **Ānjí Bái Chá ([安吉白茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/anji-baicha)):** Evela enyakatho yeZhejiang. Itiye eliluhlaza elivela emahlumeleni angenambala. I-Ānjí — «ubumnandi obumsulwa»; i-Lóng Dǐng — ine-orchid kakhulu futhi iyabukeka.

* **Jìng Shān Chá ([径山茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/jing-shancha)):** Evela eHangzhou. I-«máo fēng» esontekile. I-Jingshan — inomlando ojulile; i-Lóng Dǐng — izacile futhi «inezinaliti», ne-«Ihlathi Esitsheni» eligqamile.

**Sengiphetha:**

I-Kāihuà Lóng Dǐng — itiye lapho «izinto ezintathu eziluhlaza» — iceba eliluhlaza, uketshezi oluhlaza, nesisekelo esiluhlaza — zihlangana zibe wukuvumelana okuphelele kokuhlanzeka. Imiqhumela yayo efana nezinaliti ezacile, ema mpo esitsheni okungathi izihlahla zehlathi elincane, ingenye yezinto ezibukwayo ezibuhlungu emhlabeni wetiye laseShayina. Iphunga le-orchid, ukunambitheka okusha okumnandi nomsindo omude osemphinjeni, kanye nomsuka ovela e-«Quadrangle Legolide Letiye Eliluhlaza» kwenza i-Kāihuà Lóng Dǐng ibe yinketho ekahle yalabo abafuna itiye elinobuhle obubonakalayo obungenasici kanye nomlingiswa ojulile, «wohlobo lwehlathi» — itiye ongaliphuzi nje, kodwa olibuka ngokucabanga.