---
title: "Jiǔgōngshān chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/jiugongshan-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Jiǔgōngshān chá (九宫山茶)

**I-Jiugongshan Cha** (*Jiǔgōngshān chá*, 九宫山茶) itiye eliluhlaza lasezintabeni laseTongshan County (通山县) ngaphansi kukamasipala wase-Xianning eningizimu-mpumalanga yesifundazwe sase-Hubei. Indawo evikelwe iyizindawo ezinhlanu zamadolobhana nezindawo ezisemaphakathi ne-Mufu Range (幕阜山脉): iNtaba i-Jiugongshan nezintaba eziyizungezile. Itiye lifika ngezindlela ezimbili: isicaba (扁形茶) nesisontekile (条形茶), ngasinye sinobuchwepheshe baso. Kusukela ngo-2019 igama livikelwe njengesibonakaliso sezokulima se-geographical indication, futhi kusukela ngo-2025 njengomkhiqizo one-geographical indication.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*). Izidingo zokuvikelwa aziqambi isigaba ngegama, kodwa zombili izinhlelo zazo zobuchwepheshe ziluhlaza: ngokulungiswa, ngaphandle kwe-oxidation nangaphandle kokubila.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye eliluhlaza lasezintabeni laseningizimu ye-Hubei, isicaba nesisontekile; isibonakaliso sezokulima se-geographical indication (2019) kanye nomkhiqizo one-geographical indication (2025).
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe sase-Hubei (湖北, *Húběi*), umasipala wase-Xianning (咸宁, *Xiánníng*), i-Tongshan County (通山, *Tōngshān*).
* **Indawo evikelwe:** Amadolobhana ase-Xiapu (厦铺镇), e-Chuangwang (闯王镇), e-Jiugongshan (九宫山镇), e-Honggang (洪港镇) kanye nesifunda sase-Yangfanglin (杨芳林乡). Umfakisicelo uyinhlangano yetiye yase-Jiugongshan yaseTongshan County (通山县九宫山茶叶协会).
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** 114°15′–114°58′ E, 29°19′–29°33′ N.

**2. Umlando nokubaluleka kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Amarekhodi asendulo.** Incazelo eyinkomba icaphuna irekhodi le-Jin Dynasty mayelana nokuqoqwa kwetiye e-“Wuchang Mountain” (入武昌山采茗) futhi icabanga ukuthi lokhu yi-Jiugongshan, lokhu kuyincazelo hhayi ubufakazi obuqondile. Ngokwencazelo efanayo, ngesikhathi se-Song kwakunethempeli i-Chaliaoguan (茶寮观) entabeni, futhi “I-Jiugongshan Mountain Record” (《九宫山志》) ikhuluma ngendawo engaphansi kwetiye eyodwa ye-*qing*.
    * **I-Qing.** Uhulumeni wesifunda ucaphuna “I-General Description of Huguang ye-Kangxi Era” (《康熙湖广通志》): «茶出通山者为上»: itiye laseTongshan lalibhekwa njengelihamba phambili.
    * **1958 no-1980.** Incazelo eyinkomba ibika ngokutholakala kabili kwezizukulwane zezihlahla zetiye zasendulo zezimpande.
    * **1996 nangemva kwalokho.** Ngokwesayithi lenkomba, ngo-1996 kwasungulwa isizinda setiye le-organic i-“九宫山[有机茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/youji-cha)”; uchungechunge lwamatiye lwathola indondo yegolide emiqhudelwaneni ye-中茶杯, i-陆羽杯 ne-鄂茶杯, futhi uphawu lokuhweba i-“九宫山” laqashelwa ngo-2011 njengophawu lwezwe lonke olwaziwayo. Isayithi elifanayo libhala ukuthi ngo-2011 uphawu lwangena phakathi kwamabhrendi ayikhulu ahamba phambili ajwayelekile emikhiqizweni yezolimo ezweni, futhi isitifiketi setiye le-organic salithola amahlandla ayishumi nanhlanu kulandelana.
    * **2019.** NgoJanuwari 17 uMnyango Wezolimo Nezindaba Zasemakhaya wathatha i-“九宫山茶” ngaphansi kokuvikelwa njengesibonakaliso sezokulima se-geographical indication (inombolo AGI02564).
    * **2022.** Isifunda sabika ukuthi sangena ohlwini lwezindawo eziyinhloko ezikhiqiza itiye e-Hubei ngonyaka wezi-2021; lolu hlu luhlanganisa izindawo zokuphatha ezinettiye okungenani 10,000 *mu*.
    * **2025.** Ngesimemezelo № 640 somhla ziyi-16 kuJulayi 2025 (esishicilelwe mhla ziyi-13 kuNcwaba) i-State Intellectual Property Office yaqashela i-“九宫山茶” njengomkhiqizo one-geographical indication. Ngesimemezelo esifanayo nangesicelo senhlangano efanayo kwaqashelwa itiye elibomvu i-Tongshan Hongcha elinendawo evikelwe efanayo.
* **Igama:** «Jiugongshan» (九宫山) lisho «intaba yamagceke ayisishiyagalolunye», igama lentaba; 茶 lisho itiye.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Incazelo eyinkomba icaphuna isisho sendawo: ikhulu lezihlahla zetiye nekhulu lezihlahla ze-tung zikhipha umndeni eswele (家有千棵茶千棵桐，吃穿不受穷).

**3. Incazelo yezitshalo kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Izinhlobo / Ama-cultivar:** Ngokwezidingo zokuvikelwa: i-鄂茶8 (*Èchá 8*), i-五峰212 (*Wǔfēng 212*) nezinye. Uhulumeni wesifunda (2022) ukhuluma ngezinhlobo ezingaphezu kweshumi, ngaphandle kokuziqamba.
* **Izimiso zokuqoqa:** Izidingo azibeki izinga lokuqoqa, kodwa zibeka imithetho emihlanu ebhangqwe: thatha ebusweni bomqhele futhi ulondoloze isisekelo, thatha phakathi futhi ulondoloze izinhlangothi, amahlumela aphezulu bese ulondoloza aphansi, aminyene bese ulondoloza andlalekile, amakhulu bese ulondoloza amancane (采面养底、采中养侧、采高养低、采密养稀、采大养小).
* **Izinga nesikhathi sokuqoqa:** Ayikho idatha etholakala emithonjeni etholiwe.

**4. I-terroir nezici zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Iningizimu-mpumalanga ye-Hubei, ingxenye emaphakathi ye-Mufu Range. Ngokwencazelo eyinkomba, indawo yesifunda “izingxenye eziyisishiyagalombili izintaba, ingxenye eyodwa amanzi, ingxenye eyodwa amasimu” (八山一水一分田), ikhuphukela eningizimu-ntshonalanga futhi yehlela empumalanga.
* **Ukuphakama kokutshala:** 400–900 m ngokwezidingo zokuvikelwa.
* **Inhlabathi:** Ngokwezidingo: ama-sandy loams emadwaleni agugulekile (风化石砂质壤) kanye nenhlabathi ephuzi-nsundu (黄棕壤) yokuvunda okumaphakathi; i-organic matter ngokwesilinganiso ingu-5.31%, i-nitrogen ephelele ingu-0.12%, i-phosphorus ehambayo ingu-16–21 mg/kg, i-potassium ehambayo ingu-13 mg/kg, i-pH ingu-4.5–5.5. Incazelo yendawo ekwiphothali yoMnyango Wezohwebo, eyaziwa kuphela ngokulandiswa kabusha, inikeza i-potassium engu-100–130 mg/kg; ukuthi iyiphi inombolo enembile akunakunqunywa. Isayithi lenkomba ngemikhiqizo yendawo lichaza inhlabathi njengebomvu-ntsundu eneasidi emadwaleni e-sandstone-slate, ecebile ngezakhi zamaminerali ne-potassium ehambayo.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Ngokwencazelo eyinkomba: imvula eningi, ukufudumala nokuswakama, ekuseni nakusihlwa imithambeka igcwele inkungu. Ayikho idatha yezinombolo.
* **Ukutshala nokunakekela ngokwezidingo:** Kutshalwa eduze komkhosi weNtwasahlobo, kungadluli uNhlolanja, izingxenye ezingama-5000–6000 nge-*mu* ngayinye. Ebusika ku-*mu* ngayinye kufakwa ama-300 kg we-rapeseed noma i-peanut cake noma ama-1000 kg womquba nge-organic ne-phosphorus fertilizer. Ukuthenwa kokubumba kwenziwa ngezigaba ezintathu.
* **Isilinganiso:** NgoMashi 2022 isifunda sathi kunezindawo ezingama-64,000 *mu* zezivande ze-ecological, cishe ezingama-43,000 *mu* esivunwa kuzo, kanti inani lomkhiqizo lingaphezu kwezigidi eziyikhulu zama-yuan. Lezi zibalo zingezesifunda sonke, hhayi ezendawo evikelwe. Izisekelo eziyinhloko ziqanjwe njenge-Yangfanglin, i-Jiugongshan, i-Xiapu ne-Yanxia (燕厦), eyokugcina ingekho endaweni evikelwe. Phakathi kwezinkampani ezihehwayo isifunda siqamba kuqala i-湖北九宫山茶业股份有限公司.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza:**

Izidingo zokuvikelwa zibeka izinhlelo ezimbili zemisebenzi eyisishiyagalombili.

* **Itiye elisicaba (扁形茶, *biǎnxíngchá*):**
    1. Ukunwetshwa kweqabunga elisha (摊放, *tānfàng*).
    2. Ukulungiswa (杀青, *shāqīng*).
    3. Ukupholisa (冷却, *lěngquè*).
    4. Ukuhlela amaqabunga (理条, *lǐtiáo*).
    5. Ukucindezela kube yisicaba (压扁, *yābiǎn*).
    6. Ukuqedela ebhodweni (煇锅, *huīguō*).
    7. Ukuhlanganisa inqwaba (归堆, *guīduī*).
    8. Ukupakisha emabhokisini (装箱, *zhuāngxiāng*).
* **Itiye elisontekile (条形茶, *tiáoxíngchá*):**
    1. Ukunwetshwa, ukulungiswa, ukupholisa njengasesicabeni.
    2. Ukusonteka (揉捻, *róuniǎn*).
    3. Ukugazinga kwesibili (炒二青, *chǎo èrqīng*).
    4. Ukuphola kabusha (回潮, *huícháo*).
    5. Ukugazinga kuze kome (炒干, *chǎogān*).
    6. Ukuhlanganisa inqwaba nokupakisha.

Umbhalo awunikezi amazinga okushisa nezikhathi.

**6. Izici ze-organoleptic:**

Incazelo ingokwezidingo zokuvikelwa, ngokwehlukana kwezindlela ezimbili.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Isicaba siyisicaba futhi siqondile (扁平挺直), siluhlaza okotshani obuthambile, uboya bufihlwe eqabungeni (嫩绿隐毫). Isisontekile sisuke sisongwe siqinile futhi sisindayo (条索紧结重实), sinombala onamafutha (色泽油润).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Ayikho incazelo ehlukile etholakala emithonjeni etholiwe.
* **Iphunga lotshwala obushisayo:** Isicaba sihlezi sihleli (香气持久). Isisontekile sinephunga le-chestnut elihlala njalo (栗香持久), iphunga elihlanzekile lisakazeka nxazonke (清香四溢).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Isicaba kusha futhi kuthambile, nobumnandi obubuyayo (滋味鲜醇回甘). Isisontekile sithambile futhi sigcwele (滋味醇厚); isayithi lenkomba lengeza ukuthi simelana nokuthelwa kaningi.
* **Umbala wotshwala obushisayo:** Isicaba siluhlaza futhi siyakhanya (汤色绿亮). Kwesisontekile ayikho incazelo ehlukile.
* **Amacembe setiye (iqabunga elibilisiwe):** Isicaba siluhlaza okotshani obuthambile futhi sikhanyayo (叶底嫩绿明亮). Isisontekile siluhlaza futhi siyakhanya (叶底绿亮).

Isayithi lenkomba ngemikhiqizo yendawo lichaza futhi “itiye lamafu le-Jiugongshan Mountain” (九宫山云雾茶): ukusonteka kuqinile, kucolekile futhi kusonteke kahle, utshwala obushisayo bucacile futhi bukhanyayo, iphunga ligcwele, ukunambitheka kumnandi, iqabunga elibilisiwe liluhlaza okotshani obuthambile futhi lilingana. Ukuthi leli gama lihlobene nephrofayili evikelwe, imithombo ayisho.

**7. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali:**

Izidingo zokuvikelwa zika-2025 zibeka imingcele ephansi:

| Isibonakaliso | Isidingo |
| :--- | :--- |
| Ama-polyphenols etiye | okungenani 22.2% |
| Ama-amino acid akhululekile | okungenani 2.7% |
| Izinto ezincibilikayo emanzini | okungenani 42.4% |

Isayithi lenkomba linikeza amanani aphansi: 20%, 2.5% no-40%, mhlawumbe ngokohlelo lwakudala. Ayikho idatha ye-caffeine.

**8. Izinto eziwusizo:**

Ayikho idatha eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye.

**9. Ukwenziwa kwetiye:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g ku-150 ml.
* **Izitsha:** Ingilazi yengilazi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Fudumeza izitsha.
    2. Beka itiye bese uthela amanzi odongeni.
    3. Ukuthelwa kokuqala: ngemva kwemizuzwana engama-40–60.
    4. Phuza, ushiye ingxenye yotshwala obushisayo.
    5. Thela amanzi futhi.
    6. Ukuthelwa kabili noma kathathu; itiye elisontekile, ngokwencazelo eyinkomba, limelana nokuthelwa okuningi.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Emaphaketheni avaliwe, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama nephunga. Kungcono ukuphuzwa phakathi nonyaka.

**11. Intengo kanye nemikhiqizo mbumbulu:**

Ayikho idatha yezintengo emithonjeni etholiwe.

* **Ungagwema kanjani imikhiqizo mbumbulu:**
    * Bheka uphawu lomkhiqizo one-geographical indication noma uphawu lwe-agricultural indication.
    * Qinisekisa ukuthi itiye lenziwe kwesinye sezindawo ezinhlanu zendawo evikelwe: i-Xiapu, i-Chuangwang, i-Jiugongshan, i-Honggang noma i-Yangfanglin, hhayi nje e-Tongshan County.
    * Ungaphambanisi uphawu lokuhweba i-“九宫山” nesibonakaliso se-geographical: uphawu luyibhrendi, isibonakaliso yigama lendawo nezidingo zomkhiqizo.
    * Itiye elisicaba liluhlaza okotshani obuthambile, linoboya obufihlwe eqabungeni; elisontekile liqinile, linamafutha, linephunga le-chestnut.

**12. Amaqiniso athakazelisayo:**

* Inhlangano eyodwa inamagama amabili avikelwe anendawo efanayo: itiye eliluhlaza i-Jiugongshan Cha kanye nelibomvu i-Tongshan Hongcha, futhi imingcele ye-physicochemical ezidingweni zawo ibhalwe ngokufanayo.
* Ngaphansi kwegama elilodwa kuvikelwa izindlela ezimbili ezinobuchwepheshe obuhlukile: isicaba nesisontekile.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye:**

* **I-Tongshan Hongcha ([通山红茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/tongshan-hongcha)):** Itiye elibomvu lendawo efanayo nenhlangano efanayo.
* **I-Songfeng Lü Cha ([松峰绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/songfeng-lucha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza ledolobha lase-Chibi likamasipala ofanayo wase-Xianning.
* **I-Jiangxia Bifang ([江夏碧舫](https://thetea.app/zu/article/jiangxia-bifang)):** Itiye eliluhlaza elisicaba lase-Wuhan, ukuze liqhathaniswe nesimo esisicaba.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Jiugongshan Cha itiye eliluhlaza lasezintabeni laseningizimu ye-Hubei elinezivande eziphakeme ngo-400–900 m ezungeze intaba yamaTaoist i-Jiugongshan. Imibhalo yokuvikelwa iqaphela izindlela zayo ezimbili: isicaba, esiluhlaza okotshani obuthambile esinokunambitheka okusha nokumnandi, nesisontekile, esinamafutha, esinephunga le-chestnut. Ngemuva kwegama kunamarekhodi amadala ngetiye laseTongshan, isizinda setiye le-organic kusukela ngo-1996 nokuvikelwa kwango-2019 no-2025.