---
title: "Huòshān hóngchá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/huoshan-hongcha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Huòshān hóngchá (霍山红茶)

**I-Huoshan Hongcha** (*Huòshān hóngchá*, 霍山红茶) itiye elibomvu lesifunda sase-Huoshan (霍山县) ngaphansi kwedolobha lase-Lu'an entshonalanga yesifundazwe sase-Anhui. Isifunda saziwa kakhulu ngamatiye aphuzi, i-Huoshan Huang Ya ne-Huoshan Huangdacha, kanti itiye elibomvu lapha liyigama elihlukile. Igama livikelwe uphawu lwesitifiketi sokuma komhlaba, ngokombiko wonyaka we-Trademark Bureau ka-2016, inombolo yalo ingu-12209045. Ngokombiko we-China National Radio (2023), itiye elibomvu lasesigodini sase-Dongxixi lenziwa ngezinhlobo ze-Qimen Zhuye, ezalethwa eningizimu yesifundazwe maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Ayikho imfuneko yokubukeka nobuchwepheshe etholakala emithonjeni etholiwe.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye elibomvu (红茶, *hóngchá*), elivutshelwe ngokuphelele. Isigaba siqanjwe egameni; angizange ngibone idokhumenti enezidingo zobuchwepheshe.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye elibomvu lesifunda sase-Anhui; uphawu lwesitifiketi sokuma komhlaba (hhayi ngemva kuka-2016).
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe sase-Anhui (安徽, *Ānhuī*), idolobha lase-Lu'an (六安, *Lù'ān*), isifunda sase-Huoshan (霍山, *Huòshān*).
* **Indawo evikelwe:** Isifunda sase-Huoshan sibalwa njengengxenye yokuphatha yomnikazi wophawu; angizange ngihlole umngcele womthetho wendawo. Umnikazi wophawu akashiwongo emithonjeni etholiwe.
* **Indawo eyinhloko ngokwezindaba:** Idolobhana lase-Yangsanzhai (杨三寨村) esigodini sase-Dongxixi (东西溪乡) emngceleni oseningizimu-mpumalanga wesifunda, njengoba kubizwa kanjalo ngumbiko we-China National Radio (2023).
* **Izixhumanisi zokuma komhlaba:** Ngokwalowo mbiko, i-Yangsanzhai isendaweni engu-31° enyakatho; longitude ayikho emithonjeni etholiwe.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Maphakathi nekhulu lama-20.** Ngokombiko we-China National Radio (2023), isigodi sase-Dongxixi kusukela maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule satshala izinhlobo zetiye i-Qimen Zhuye (祁门槠[叶种](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qiaomuguanmu), *Qímén zhūyèzhǒng*), ezalethwa eningizimu ye-Anhui. Unyaka oqondile awukho embikweni.
    * **2016.** Umbiko wonyaka we-Trademark Bureau ka-2016 ubiza uphawu lwesitifiketi sokuma komhlaba «霍山红茶» ngenombolo 12209045. Angizange ngihlole izinsuku zokufaka nokubhaliswa.
    * **2019.** Ngokwalowo mbiko womsakazo, isigodi saheha inkampani yezolimo, futhi yona yakha uhlobo lwebhizinisi lwetiye elibomvu «霍山红» («e-Red Hoshan»). Lolu uphawu lwangasese, hhayi uphawu lwesitifiketi ngokwalo. Ngokwe-People's Daily (2021), ngawo lowo nyaka inkampani yamema umphathi wefa lezomdabu wamatiye abomvu ukuze athuthukise ubuchwepheshe.
    * **2020.** Itiye elibomvu elethwe yisigodi sase-Dongxixi lathola indondo yegolide «yezinkanyezi ezine» emqhudelwaneni wokuqala wamatiye adumile e-Yangtze River Delta.
    * **2022.** Isifunda sahlongoza ukufaka isicelo sokuqashelwa kwe-Huoshan Hongcha njengomkhiqizo onophawu lokuma komhlaba. Umphumela wesicelo awukho emithonjeni etholiwe.
    * **2023.** Embonini wamatiye we-XVI Anhui International e-Hefei, itiye elifanayo lathola igolide esigabeni samatiye abomvu emqhudelwaneni we-«2023 Yangtze River Delta Tea Competition». Ngawo lowo nyaka uhulumeni wesifunda waqinisekisa uphawu lwe-«霍山红茶»; ukuthi ukuvikelwa kusasebenza yini manje, akukaqinisekiswa.
* **Igama:** «Huoshan» (霍山) yigama lesifunda; «hongcha» (红茶) itiye elibomvu. NgesiShayina, okubizwa ngokuthi okubomvu yilokho eNtshonalanga okubizwa ngokuthi itiye elimnyama.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Esifundeni esidume ngamatiye aphuzi, itiye elibomvu liwumkhakha isigodi sase-Dongxixi, ngokombiko ka-2023, esiwakha njengensika yokuthuthukisa idolobhana, izingadi, indawo yokukhiqiza, uphawu lwebhizinisi kanye nezokuvakasha zamatiye.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe:**

* **Izinhlobo / I-Cultivar:** Ngokombiko we-China National Radio (2023), e-Dongxixi kukhula izinhlobo ze-Qimen Zhuye (祁门槠叶种), ezalethwa eningizimu ye-Anhui. Ngokwezincazelo eziyireferensi zalezi zinhlobo, kwenziwa ngazo i-Qimen Hongcha, zalethwa kwezinye izindawo zamatiye, futhi ngo-1984 zaqashelwa njengezinhlobo zikazwelonke ngaphansi kwegama elithi «祁门种» — «izinhlobo zase-Qimen». Ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezivunyelwa uphawu, akukho emithonjeni etholiwe.
* **Izinto ezingavuthiwe:** Ayikho indinganiso yezinto ezingavuthiwe emithonjeni etholiwe.
* **Ukuvuna:** Azikho izikhathi zokuvuna emithonjeni etholiwe.
* **Indinganiso yokuvuna:** Ayikho idatha emithonjeni etholiwe.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Intshonalanga ye-Anhui; indawo eyinhloko ngokwezindaba idolobhana lase-Yangsanzhai emngceleni oseningizimu-mpumalanga wesifunda.
* **Indawo nesimo sezulu:** Ngokombiko ka-2023 kunezintaba eziphakeme namagquma, ihlathi eliminyene, amafu nenkungu unyaka wonke; isimo sezulu sipholile futhi sinomswakama, umehluko wamazinga okushisa emini nasebusuku mkhulu. Inkampani yendawo ibiza itiye layo ngokuthi «itiye elibomvu lasezintabeni eziphakeme».
* **Ukuphakama kokutshala:** Ayikho imfuneko. Ngokwamazwi ommeleli wenkampani eyenza itiye elibomvu e-Yangsanzhai (People's Daily, 2021), izingadi zisendaweni ephakathi kwamamitha angu-600 kuya kwangu-800.
* **Inhlabathi:** Ayikho idatha emithonjeni etholiwe.
* **Isikali:** Ngokombiko womsakazo, umfelandawonye wathatha izingadi eziyi-150 mu ezindlini ezingama-31 zedolobhana lase-Yangsanzhai. Ngo-2022, ngokwalowo mbiko, itiye elibomvu lalethe emnothweni ohlangene wedolobhana cishe ama-yuan angu-300,000. Lezi zibalo ezedolobhana elilodwa, hhayi esifundeni sonke.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Ayikho imfuneko yobuchwepheshe be-Huoshan Hongcha emithonjeni etholiwe. Umbiko ka-2023 uthi kuphela ukuthi isigodi satshala imali engaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-1.7 zama-yuan embonini, ezindaweni zokukhiqiza, indawo ehlukile yokuvutshelwa kanye nemishini, futhi samema ingcweti, umphathi wefa lezomdabu we-Qimen Hongcha, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ubuchwepheshe kanye nekhwalithi.

Ngezansi uhlelo olujwayelekile lwetiye elibomvu, hhayi incazelo ye-Huoshan Hongcha:

1.  **Ukubuna (萎凋, *wěidiāo*):** Iqabunga lilahlekelwa ingxenye yomswakama futhi libe lithambile.
2.  **Ukusonga (揉捻, *róuniǎn*):** Amangqamuzana eqabunga ayaphuka, ubisi luphumele ngaphandle.
3.  **Ukuvutshelwa (发酵, *fājiào*):** I-oxidation iguqula iqabunga eliluhlaza libe bomvu njengethusi.
4.  **Ukomisa (干燥, *gānzào*):** Ukushisa kumisa i-oxidation futhi kuqinise iphunga elimnandi.

**6. Izici Zokunambitheka:**

Ayikho imfuneko yokubukeka kwe-Huoshan Hongcha emithonjeni etholiwe. Ngezansi incazelo yomkhiqizo wenkampani eyodwa yase-Yangsanzhai embukisweni wamatiye ka-2021, ngokwe-People's Daily, hhayi indinganiso yophawu; kubakaki amagama omthombo.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Imicu emincane eminyene enoboya obubonakalayo (条索紧细，茶毫显露).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Ayikho idatha emithonjeni etholiwe.
* **Iphunga lotshwala:** Alichazwanga ngokwehlukana; emlonyeni umthombo uphawula iphunga elimnandi kanye nokuphunga kwezimbali nezithelo (入口甜香、花果香交融).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Ukunambitheka okumnandi okusemva kokugwinya okubonakalayo (回甘生津明显); itiye limelana nokuthelwa kaningi (经久耐泡). Inkampani ifingqa isimilo salo ngefomula ethi «一甜、二糖、三如蜜» — «ubumnandi, ushukela, kuhle kwezinyosi».
* **Umbala wotshwala:** Ophuzi ngokusawolintshi, ocacile, we-amber (汤色橙黄透亮，呈琥珀色).
* **Iqabunga elingaphansi (iqabunga elitheliwe):** Eliyisicaba, elivulekile, eliphilayo nelithambile (叶底均匀舒展，鲜活细嫩).

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Ayikho idatha ye-physicochemical emithonjeni etholiwe.

**8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo:**

Ayikho idatha eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye uqobo.

**9. Ukuthelela:**

Umkhuba wesigaba samatiye abomvu.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 90–95 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** amagremu angu-3–5 ku-150 ml.
* **Isitsha:** I-gaiwan noma i-teapot ye-porcelain.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Shisisa isitsha.
    2. Faka itiye.
    3. Ukuthelela kokuqala kube imizuzwana engu-10–20.
    4. Thela konke ukuthelela enkomishini ejwayelekile.
    5. Ukuthelela okuphindaphindiwe, ungeza imizuzwana engu-5–10 isikhathi ngasinye.
    6. Ngokuvamile itiye limelana nokuthelwa okune kuya kwayisithupha.

**10. Ukugcina:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Endaweni eyomileyo epholile, esitsheni esivaliwe esingabonakali, kude namaphunga nomswakama. Isiqandisi asidingeki etiyeni elibomvu.

**11. Intengo kanye Namanga:**

Ayikho idatha ngamanani emithonjeni etholiwe.

* **Ungawagwema kanjani amanga:**
    * Funza uphawu lwesitifiketi sokuma komhlaba «霍山红茶».
    * Hlola ukuthi umkhiqizi uvela esifundeni sase-Huoshan.
    * Ungadidanisi uphawu nobizo lwangasese «霍山红»: uphawu lwenkampani eyodwa aluthatheli indawo uphawu lwesitifiketi.
    * Ungadidanisi namatiye aphuzi esifunda: i-Huoshan Huang Ya ne-Huoshan Huangdacha anezimpawu zawo nobuchwepheshe bawo.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Esifundeni samatiye aphuzi, itiye elibomvu lenziwa ngezinhlobo ezalethwa endaweni ye-Qimen Hongcha.
* Uphawu lwesitifiketi lwe-«霍山红茶» nobizo lwangasese lwe-«霍山红» yizinto ezahlukile: uphawu lushiwongo embikweni ka-2016, ubizo lwenziwa ngo-2019.
* Izindondo ezimbili, zika-2020 no-2023, zatholwa yitiye lesigodi esisodwa, i-Dongxixi.

**13. Ukuqhathanisa Namanye Amatiye Ase-Anhui:**

* **I-Qimen Hongcha ([祁门红茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qimen-hongcha)):** Itiye elibomvu elidumile laseningizimu yesifundazwe; izinhlobo zalo i-Qimen Zhuye ziyakhula nase-Dongxixi.
* **I-Jinzhai Hongcha ([金寨红茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/jinzhai-hongcha)):** Itiye elibomvu lesifunda sase-Jinzhai esifundeni esifanayo sase-Lu'an.
* **I-Huoshan Huang Ya ([霍山黄芽](https://thetea.app/zu/article/huoshan-huang-ya)):** Itiye eliphuzi elivela emiqulwini, eliyinkazimulo enkulu yesifunda.
* **I-Huoshan Huangdacha ([霍山黄大茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/huoshan-huang-da-cha)):** Itiye eliphuzi elinamaqabunga amakhulu lesifunda esifanayo, elinokubila isikhathi eside nokushisa okunamandla.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Huoshan Hongcha itiye elibomvu lesifunda wonke umhlaba owazi ngalo ngamatiye aphuzi. Amadokhumenti ngawo amancane: inombolo yophawu lwesitifiketi embikweni ka-2016, ukuqinisekiswa kwesifunda ngo-2023 kanye nesicelo sika-2022 sesimo somkhiqizo onophawu lokuma komhlaba, umphumela waso ongaziwa. Imithombo yezindaba yengeza okubalulekile ngezinto ezingavuthiwe, izinhlobo ze-Qimen Zhuye ezintabeni zesigodi sase-Dongxixi, kanti ukubukeka kwaziwa kuphela ngencazelo yomkhiqizo wenkampani eyodwa; ayikho imfuneko yokubukeka nobuchwepheshe emithonjeni etholiwe.