---
title: "Hóngshān chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/hongshan-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Hóngshān chá (洪山茶)

**I-Hongshan Cha** (*Hóngshān chá*, 洪山茶) itiye ledolobha lase-Idū (宜都市) esifundeni sase-Yichang esifundazweni sase-Hubei, elivikelwa amamaki amabili esitifiketi anezinkomba zendawo. Abanikazi bawo womabili yi-Idū Institute of Agricultural and Livestock Biotechnology (宜都市农牧生物技术研究所). Igama lihlotshaniswa nedolobhana lase-Songmuping (松木坪镇) kulesi sifunda: uhlelo lwe-Hubei lwe-«Renmin Ribao» lubhala ukuthi ngesikhathi se-Qing «itiye lase-Hongshan» elisuka eduze kwethempeli lamaDao lase-Yuntaiguan lalithunyelwa enkantolo njengomnikelo. Ikhadi lomaki ehhovisi lezindawo zokuhlala lomfundaze lichaza ukubukeka nokunambitheka, kodwa hhayi ukucubungula, futhi isigaba asishiwongo ndawo, ngakho-ke i-athikili itholakala phakathi kwama-athikili okubuka.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Akunakwa. Akukho rejista noma ikhadi lomaki elisho isigaba futhi elichaza ukucubungula; kurejista umkhiqizo ubalwa njenge-«茶叶» — iqabunga letiye. Incazelo yekhwalithi ekhadini — phansi okuluhlaza okuncane okukhanyayo kanye nokumnika, okuqhathaniswa nomhluzi wama-mung bean — kusondela kakhulu etiyeni eliluhlaza, kodwa ngaphandle kobuchwepheshe lokhu kuhlala kuyinkolelo.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye lendawo elinomlando; amamaki amabili esitifiketi anezinkomba zendawo.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe sase-Hubei (湖北, *Húběi*), isifunda sase-Yichang (宜昌, *Yíchāng*), idolobha lase-Idū (宜都, *Yídū*), idolobhana lase-Songmuping (松木坪镇), indawo yase-Hongshan.
* **Indawo evikelwe:** Ayikho imingcele yesifunda evela emithethweni yokusebenzisa amamaki eyatholakala emithonjeni. I-registry ikhombisa kuphela ubunikazi bomphathi — i-Idū.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** Idolobha lase-Idū — cishe u-30° enyakatho kanye no-111° empumalanga; umthombo awunikanga indawo eqondile yezingadi.

**2. Umlando nokubaluleka kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **I-Qing.** Isihloko esingaphansi kwesithombe sohlelo lwe-Hubei lwe-«Renmin Ribao» (Julayi 2020) sithi kakade ngesikhathi se-Qing «i-洪山茶» evela eduze kwethempeli lase-Yuntaiguan yayithunyelwa enkantolo njengomnikelo (贡茶, *gòngchá*). I-athikili ayisho imibhalo noma izinsuku zokulethwa.
    * **Incwadi ekhuluma ngezinto ezikhethekile zase-Idū** inikeza okunye ukuxhumana: itiye lenziwa e-Hongjia Daling ridge (洪家大岭) maqondana nethempeli lase-Chayuansi (茶园寺) e-Songmuping, futhi «eminyakeni engamakhulu amane edlule» lalibalwa njengomnikelo. Incwadi isebenzisa amagama amadala okuphatha — «isifunda sase-Idū», «i-commune yase-Songmuping», — ngakho-ke akucaci ukuthi iminyaka engamakhulu amane ibalwa kusukela kunyaka onjani. Ikhadi lomaki libiza indawo ngokuthi «松木坪洪山大龄» — kufana ne-ridge yencwadi, kodwa ubunikazi, kanye nokuxhumana kwe-ridge nezindawo eziseduze ne-Yuntaiguan, imithombo ayikuqinisekisi.
    * **2014.** Ngokohlu lwehhovisi lezindawo zokuhlala lesifundazwe (idatha kaMeyi 2020), umaki wokuqala wesitifiketi «洪山茶», inombolo 13836054, wawuvikelwe kusukela ngo-28 Agasti 2014 kuya ku-27 Agasti 2024. Akucaci ukuthi yandisiwe yini, azikho izincwadi ezitholakele.
    * **2017.** Umaki wesibili, inombolo 19423166 — kusukela ngo-28 Disemba 2017 kuya ku-27 Disemba 2027. Womabili — isigaba 30, umkhiqizo «茶叶», umnikazi — i-Idū Institute of Biotechnology.
    * **2023.** Ihhovisi lezindawo zokuhlala lase-Hubei ohlwini lwama-29 lwabasebenzisi bophawu olukhethekile lwenkomba yendawo (isaziso sango-28 Ephreli 2023) livumele izinkampani ezintathu zesifunda sase-Yichang ukuthi zilubeke kumamaki womabili.
* **Igama:** 洪山 (*Hóngshān*) — «intaba i-Hong»; 茶 — itiye. Igama lifana negama lendawo ese-Songmuping, lapho, ngokwekhadi lomaki, itiye likhula khona.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Ithempeli lase-Yuntaiguan (云台观), umthetho wephephandaba elixhumanisa nomnikelo, limi entabeni i-Yuntai (云台山) edolobhaneni lase-Shuangjingsi (双井寺村) lesifunda sase-Songmuping. Leli yizwe lendabuko lesikole samaDao se-Qingwei (清微派); ithempeli, ngokusho kwalolu shicilelo, lineminyaka engaphezu kuka-700.

**3. Incazelo yesayensi yezitshalo kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Izinhlobo / Cultivar:** Ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Izinto zokusetshenziswa, isikhathi kanye nezinga lokuqoqa:** Ayikho imininingwane emithonjeni etholakele.

**4. I-terroir kanye nezici zokutshala:**

* **Indawo:** Ngokwekhadi lomaki, ukutshala kugxile endaweni yase-Hongshan yesifunda sase-Songmuping.
* **Indawo kanye nomkhiqizo:** Ngokwekhadi — cishe ama-150 *mu* ezingadi, cishe ama-45 000 kg wetiye ngonyaka kanye nenani lomkhiqizo elingaba yizigidi ezingu-80 zama-yuan; ukuthengiswa ikakhulu kwasendaweni, isidingo, ngokwekhadi, siphezulu kunokunikezwayo. Ikhadi alisho unyaka noma indlela yokubala.
* **Ukuphakama kokutshala:** Ithempeli limi ekuphakameni **ama-880 m**; imithombo ayisho ukuphakama kwezingadi ngokwazo.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Ngokwe-«Renmin Ribao» — umoya ohlanzekile kanye nokwehlukana okukhulu kokushisa phakathi kosuku nobusuku; iphephandaba libiza indawo njengehle kakhulu etiyeni le-organic. Ayikho eminye imininingwane.
* **Umhlabathi:** Ayikho imininingwane emithonjeni etholakele.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza:**

Ubuchwepheshe abuchazwanga emithonjeni etholakele, futhi isigaba asaziwa, ngakho-ke ngisho nesikimu esijwayelekile sesigaba asikwazi ukunikezwa.

Lolu shicilelo olufanayo lukhuluma ngetiye lendawo le-organic «i-Songyun Baijian» (松云[白尖](https://thetea.app/zu/article/bai-jian), *sōngyún báijiān*), «elikhule» kulezi zindawo. Emsatsheni akulandeli ukuthi umkhiqizo ofanayo noma ukuthi ubuchwepheshe bujwayelekile.

**6. Izici ze-organoleptic:**

Incazelo eyodwa kuphela — ikhadi lomaki ekushicilelweni kwehhovisi lezindawo zokuhlala lesifundazwe.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Lincane, lisontekile futhi lisindayo, linoboya obusiliva obuvelayo futhi linezihloko ezicacile; umbala usagolide ophuzi noluhlaza okufihlekile (外形细紧重实，银毫显露，锋苗好，色泽金黄隐翠).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Ayikho incazelo ehlukile.
* **Iphunga lokumnika:** Linuka kamnandi futhi lihlala njalo (芳香持久); ikhadi alicacisi ukuthi leli leqabunga noma lokumnika.
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kugcwele, kuqabulayo, kunobumnandi obupholile (滋味醇爽甘凉); itiye limelana nokuchithwa okuningi (经久耐泡).
* **Umbala wokumnika:** Ukhanya, umnene (汤色清嫩).
* **Iqabunga letiye (iqabunga elenziwe):** Luhlaza okuncane, likhanya (叶底嫩绿鲜明).

Ikhadi lifingqa ikhwalithi ngezimpawu ezine: umbala osagolide, ukumnika okunjengomhluzi wama-mung bean, ukunambitheka okumnandi okupholile kanye nephunga elimnandi (金黄色、绿豆汤、甘凉味、芬芳香).

**7. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali:**

Ikhadi lomaki linikeza «imininingwane yokuhlaziywa kwelebhu»: i-extract encibilikayo emanzini engu-46,22 %, ama-polyphenols etiye angu-26,76 %, i-amine nitrogen engu-311,53 mg nge-100 g yetiye elomile. Isixwayiso: izinombolo ezimbili zokuqala kuya kumakhulu zifana nekhadi lomnyango ofanayo letiye elihlukile — i-Xiangshuicun Yecha ([香水村野茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xiangshuicun-yecha)) evela esifundeni sase-Wufeng, lapho kuhluke khona kuphela i-amine nitrogen. Ngakho-ke akunakuthathwa njengokulinganisa okuzimele; ikhadi alisho unyaka, ilebhu noma indlela.

**8. Izakhiwo eziwusizo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngokwalo.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba — kanti isigaba asaziwa. Ngetiye eliluhlaza ngokuvamile 80–85 °C no-3 g nge-150 ml ngokumnika kokuqala imizuzwana engu-40–60; kokubomvu — 90–95 °C nokumnika kokuqala cishe umzuzu. Azikho izincomo zabakhiqizi emithonjeni etholakele.

**10. Ukugcina:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Itiye eliluhlaza — ephakejini elivalekile esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C; elibomvu — endaweni eyomile emnyama ekushiseni kwegumbi. Kuzo zombili izimo — kude nokukhanya, umswakama nephunga.

**11. Intengo nama-fake:**

Ayikho imininingwane yezintengo emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Uzivikela kanjani kuma-fake:**
    * Hlola uphawu olukhethekile lwenkomba yendawo kanye nenombolo yomaki — inombolo 13836054 noma 19423166.
    * Qhathanisa umkhiqizi nohlu lwabasebenzisi bophawu, olushicilelwa ihhovisi lezindawo zokuhlala lase-Hubei.
    * Ungadidanisi ne-«鄂洪山菜苔» yesifunda sase-Wuhan sase-Hongshan (洪山区): lokhu kungumaki wesitifiketi ohlukile wemifino i-caitai, inombolo 3958379, ongahlobene netiye.
    * Ungadidanisi netiye lentaba i-Dahongshan (大洪山) enyakatho yesifundazwe: lapho, esifundeni sase-Suixian, kunedolobhana lase-Hongshan (洪山镇) elinendawo enkulu yetiye, futhi inkampani yase-Suizhou ithumela itiye ngomaki we-«大洪山» — lokhu kuyindawo ehlukile negama elihlukile.
    * Ikhadi lomaki lichaza ukubukeka nokunambitheka, kodwa izindlela zokuhlola ubuqiniso ngazo imithombo ayinikezi.

**12. Amaqiniso athakazelisayo:**

* Itiye elilodwa linamamaki amabili esitifiketi anomnikazi owodwa negama elilodwa — lokubhaliswa kuka-2014 no-2017.
* Umnikazi wamamaki — akusiyona inhlangano yetiye futhi akusiyona inkampani, kodwa i-institute yesifunda ye-biotechnology.
* Ikhadi lomaki libiza itiye lase-Hongshan ngetiye elingcono kakhulu lase-Idū, futhi izingadi zalo zincane kakhulu: cishe ama-150 *mu*.
* Igama elithi «洪山» e-Hubei liphinde lisetshenziswe isifunda sase-Wuhan nedolobhana eliseduze ne-Dahongshan; umaki wetiye we-Idū awuhlobene nakunye kwalokhu.

**13. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiye:**

* **I-Idū Tianran Fuxin Cha ([宜都天然富锌茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/yidu-tianran-fuxin-cha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza entshonalanga yesifunda esifanayo, ngaphansi komaki ohlanganyelwe kusukela ngo-2007.
* **I-Idū Yihong Cha ([宜都宜红茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/yidu-yihong-cha)):** Itiye elibomvu lase-Idū, elivikelwe njengenkomba yendawo; isigaba salo, ngokungafani ne-Hongshan Cha, simisiwe.
* **I-Zhongxiang Yunwu Cha ([钟祥云雾茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/zhongxiang-yunwu-cha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lasentabeni ledolobha lase-Zhongxiang, elihlotshaniswa nengxenye eseningizimu yezintaba ze-Dahongshan, — isibonelo salowo «omunye u-Hongshan».

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Hongshan Cha yigama elinomlando womnikelo kanye namamaki amabili esitifiketi, ngawo ngo-2023 ilungelo lophawu lwalunikezwa, nencazelo emfushane yekhwalithi, kodwa ngaphandle kwencazelo yokucubungula. Imibhalo iqinisekisa umnikazi, izinombolo, izinsuku kanye nabasebenzisi bophawu; ikhadi lomaki — iqabunga elincane elinoboya elinombala osagolide nokuhlaza okufihlekile, ukumnika okukhanyayo nokunambitheka okumnandi okupholile; iphephandaba — indawo eduze kwethempeli lase-Yuntaiguan ekuphakameni cishe kwama-880 m. Isigaba, izinhlobo kanye nobuchwepheshe emithonjeni etholakele akudaluliwe: kungadalulwa kuphela ngombhalo wemithetho yokusebenzisa umaki.