---
title: "Guóshèng chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/guosheng-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Guóshèng chá (国胜茶)

**UGosheng Cha** (*Guóshèng chá*, 国胜茶) itiye eliluhlaza lasezintabeni lasesigodini saseGosheng (国胜乡) esifundeni saseYanbian (盐边县) ngaphansi kwedolobha lasePanzhihua (攀枝花市) eningizimu yesifundazwe saseSichuan, emngceleni weYunnan. Amasimu alele phansi kwentaba iBailinshan ekuphakameni okungamamitha ayi-1600 kuya kwangama-2500. Ngokwencazelo yesifunda, ukukhanya kwelanga isikhathi eside, umehluko omkhulu wamazinga okushisa emini nasebusuku kanye namahlathi amaningi kunikeza leli tiye iphunga lemvelo le-orchid, elaziwa ngayo endaweni yasePanzhihua naseXichang. Kusukela ngo-2008, iGosheng Cha ingumkhiqizo onezimpawu zendawo; isifunda sithi ingumkhiqizo waso wokuqala onjalo.

**1. Isigaba kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*). Izincazelo zithi itiye eliluhlaza lasezintabeni eliphilayo; umbhalo wokuvikela onombhalo wesigaba angikaze ngiwubone.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye eliluhlaza lasezintabeni laseningizimu yeSichuan; umkhiqizo onezimpawu zendawo (2008).
* **Imvelaphi:** IChina, isifundazwe saseSichuan (四川, *Sìchuān*), idolobha lasePanzhihua (攀枝花, *Pānzhīhuā*), isifunda saseYanbian, isigodi saseGosheng.
* **Indawo yokuvikela:** Amayunithi amahlanu esifunda saseYanbian: idolobhana laseYongxing (永兴镇) kanye nezigodi zaseGosheng (国胜乡), eHongbao (红宝乡), eQinghe (箐河乡) naseWenquan (温泉乡). Uhlu luthathwe ekuphrintweni kwesimemezelo; angikaze ngiluqhathanise nomthombo wokuqala.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** Cishe u-26–27° wenyakatho no-101–102° wempumalanga.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **2001.** Ngokwencazelo yereferensi, iGosheng Cha yathola umklomelo wesifundazwe wetiye eliluhlaza elisezingeni eliphezulu emqhudelwaneni we-VI we-«Emei».
    * **2002.** Indondo yegolide yomqhudelwano wamazwe ngamazwe wamatiye adumile we-«Mengdingshan» kanye nesitifiketi se-«umkhiqizo oluhlaza» sezinga A.
    * **2005.** Isitifiketi setiye eliphilayo.
    * **2008.** I-General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (AQSIQ) ngesimemezelo esingu-No. 136 yavikela iGosheng Cha njengomkhiqizo onezimpawu zendawo; ireferensi ithi isinqumo sinomhla ziyi-10 kuZibandlela 2008. Amaphephandaba athi unyaka wokuqashelwa ngu-2010; ukungafani angikaze ngikuxazulule. Isifunda saseYanbian sithi iGosheng Cha ingumkhiqizo waso wokuqala onezimpawu zendawo; izincazelo zereferensi zithi ingowokuqala kulo lonke idolobha lasePanzhihua.
    * **2023.** Ohlwini lwesithupha lwesifundazwe lwamagugu angaphatheki lwaseSichuan kufakwe «ubuchwepheshe bokwenza itiye laseYanbian» (盐边茶制作技艺) — njengegatsha lobuchwepheshe betiye eliluhlaza laseSichuan.
    * **2024.** Isifunda sabika ukuthi embukisweni wetiye wamazwe ngamazwe we-XIII waseSichuan isiqu se-«itiye legolide» sitholwe umkhiqizo wendawo ngaphansi kwegama elithi «国胜白茶»; ukuthi ungasiphi isigaba, akushiwongo embikweni.
* **Igama:** «Gosheng» (国胜) yigama lesigodi lapho kukhona amasimu amakhulu.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Ngokombiko wesifunda, isigodi saseGosheng senze itiye laba imboni ehamba phambili futhi sakha kulo uphawu lomphakathi lwe-«国胜茶» kanye nepaki yesimanje yezolimo yetiye.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Izinhlobo / Ama-cultivar:** Emasimini esimanje kuchazwe 福鼎大白茶 (*Fúdǐng dàbáichá*), 名山白毫131 (*Míngshān báiháo 131*), 名山213 (*Míngshān 213*) kanye netiye laseYunnan elinamaqabunga amakhulu. Izincazelo zangaphambili zikhuluma ngezinhlobo zendabuko zendawo ezinamaqabunga amancane.
* **Izinto zokusetshenziswa:** Iziqongo ezithambile kanye nemiqumbe (嫩尖、嫩芽) — ngokwencazelo yereferensi.
* **Izinga lokuqoqa:** Izinga eliqondile alikho emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Isikhathi sokuqoqa:** Izinsuku eziqondile azikho emithonjeni etholakele.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshalwa:**

* **Isifunda:** Iningizimu yeSichuan, umngcele weYunnan — phakathi kwePanzhihua neLijiang. Amasimu amakhulu alele ekujuleni kwezintaba iBailinshan (柏林山; kuvela nokubhalwa okuthi 百灵山).
* **Ukuphakama kokutshalwa:** **1600–2500 m** — ngokwencazelo yesifunda. Incazelo yereferensi ikhuluma ngamasimu ezihlahla ezindala entabeni iBailinshan «cishe amamitha angama-3000»; lesi sibalo ngisithatha njengasangaqinisekiswa.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Ngokwezincazelo — ukukhanya kwelanga okuhlakazekile unyaka wonke, inkungu, imvula eningi, isimo sezulu esifudumele nesinomswakama. Umehluko wamazinga okushisa emini nasebusuku mkhulu.
* **Inhlabathi:** Ezincazelweni — ivundile; uhlobo oluqondile alukho emithonjeni etholakele.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Incazelo yereferensi ikhuluma ngemishini yesimanje yemishini. Ubuchwepheshe obunemininingwane kanye namapharamitha akukho emithonjeni etholakele. Ngetiye eliluhlaza lasezintabeni lalesi simo, ukulandelana okuvamile yilokhu:

1.  **Ukuvutshelwa (摊放, *tānfàng*):** Okufushane, ukuze kususwe ingxenye yomswakama.
2.  **Ukuqinisa (杀青, *shāqīng*):** Ukushisa kumisa i-oxidation.
3.  **Ukusontwa (揉捻, *róuniǎn*).**
4.  **Ukomiswa (干燥, *gānzào*).**

Lokhu kuyindlela ejwayelekile yesigaba, hhayi incazelo yobuchwepheshe beGosheng Cha.

**6. Izici Zokuhlangenwe nakho Kwezinzwa:**

* **Isimo seqabunga elomile:** Iqabunga linesimo esihle, lincane futhi lithambile, liluhlaza okotshani obukhanyayo (叶形秀美，细嫩翠绿).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Incazelo ehlukile ayikho; incazelo yereferensi ithi iphunga limnandi (香气怡人), ingasho ukuthi eleqabunga elomile noma elempushana.
* **Iphunga lempushana:** Iphunga lemvelo le-orchid (纯天然兰花香) — isici esiyinhloko saleli tiye.
* **Ukunambitheka:** Okusha, okuvuselelayo, okumnandi futhi okuthambile (滋味鲜爽甘醇), nokubuya okumnandi (回甜).
* **Umbala wempushana:** Uluhlaza okotshani obukhanyayo, ocacile futhi okhanyayo (汤色碧绿明亮).
* **Ingaphansi letiye (iqabunga elididiyelwe):** Izincazelo azikho emithonjeni etholakele.

Izincazelo zendawo zifinyeza ukubukeka emazwini ayisithupha: 形美、叶嫩、汤清、味醇、回甜、香长 — isimo esihle, iqabunga elithambile, umpushana ohlanzekile, ukunambitheka okuthambile, ukubuya okumnandi, iphunga elide.

Enye ireferensi ichaza itiye ngokuhlukile: imiqumbe namaqabunga awugqinsi, izinsongo ezinkulu ezimnyama, umpushana oluhlaza okotshani okhanyayo, ukunambitheka okugcwele okuvuselelayo. Umbhalo onezimfuneko zokubukeka angikaze ngiwubone, futhi ukuthi iyiphi incazelo eseduze nomkhiqizo ovikelwe, angikwazi ukusho.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Imininingwane ye-physicochemical ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.

**8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo:**

Imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngokwalo ayikho.

**9. Ukudidiyela:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g ku-150 ml.
* **Isitsha:** Ingilazi yeglasi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Ukushisisa isitsha.
    2. Ukubeka itiye bese uthela amanzi ngasodongeni.
    3. Umpushana wokuqala — ngemva kwemizuzwana engama-40–60.
    4. Phuza, ushiya ingxenye yempushana.
    5. Thela amanzi futhi.
    6. Ukuthela okuphindwe kabili noma kathathu.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Emaphaketheni avaliwe, efrijini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama nephunga. Iphunga le-orchid lihamba kuqala, ngakho itiye kungcono uliphuze phakathi nonyaka.

**11. Intengo kanye Nemikhohlisi:**

Imininingwane yezintengo ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Indlela yokugwema imikhohlisi:**
    * Bheka uphawu lwendawo.
    * Qinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizi uvela esifundeni saseYanbian.
    * Iqabunga — lincane futhi liluhlaza okotshani, umpushana — uluhlaza okotshani futhi ucacile, iphunga — le-orchid.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Isifunda saseYanbian sithi iGosheng Cha ingumkhiqizo waso wokuqala onezimpawu zendawo.
* Ubuchwepheshe bokwenza itiye laseYanbian kusukela ngo-2023 busohlwini lwesifundazwe lwamagugu angaphatheki.
* Amasimu alele emngceleni wezifundazwe ezimbili, eduze neYunnan, futhi kukhula netiye laseYunnan elinamaqabunga amakhulu.
* Itiye lathola umklomelo walo wokuqala wesifundazwe ngo-2001 — iminyaka eyisikhombisa ngaphambi kokuvikelwa.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye aluhlaza aseSichuan:**

* **UZhuyeqing ([竹叶青](https://thetea.app/zu/article/zhu-ye-qing)):** Itiye elisicaba lentaba i-Emei; kwiGosheng Cha iqabunga lincane futhi lithambile, futhi kugxilwe ephungeni le-orchid.
* **UMengding Ganlu ([蒙顶甘露](https://thetea.app/zu/article/mengding-gan-lu)):** Itiye elisontiwe lentaba iMengdingshan, enye yezindawo ezindala kakhulu zetiye eSichuan.
* **UQifo Gongcha ([七佛贡茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qifo-gongcha)):** Itiye elisicaba lasezintabeni lasenyakatho-mpumalanga yesifundazwe, emkhawulweni ophambene weSichuan.

**Ekuphetheni:**

UGosheng Cha itiye eliluhlaza lasezintabeni laseningizimu yeSichuan elinamasimu ekuphakameni okungamamitha ayi-1600 kuya kwangama-2500, iphunga le-orchid, umpushana oluhlaza okotshani kanye nokubuya okumnandi. Imibhalo ngalo mincane, kodwa iyavumelana: imiklomelo kusukela ngo-2001, ukuvikelwa kusukela ngo-2008 kanye namagugu esifundazwe kubuchwepheshe kusukela ngo-2023.