---
title: "Gūliáo chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/guliao-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Gūliáo chá (姑辽茶)

**IGulyao Cha** (*Gūliáo chá*, 姑辽茶) itiye elivela entabeni iGulyao edolobhaneni laseDongmen (东门镇) esifundeni saseFusui (扶绥县) kumasipala wedolobha iChongzuo eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeGuangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Izinto zokusetshenziswa zazinikezwa izihlahla ezindala ezinomumo wesihlahla ezinamathekwini omgogodla weShiwandashan (十万大山); phakathi kwazo, ngokwemininingwane yendawo, ziyisikhombisa izihlahla ezineminyaka engaphezu kwenkulungwane. Igama alibonisi isigaba: phambilini iqabunga lalayanyiswa elangeni noma kwenziwe ngalo itiye eliluhlaza, kanti kusukela ngo-2011, ikakhulukazi itiye elibomvu. Kusukela ngo-2014 lo mguqo ungowokukhiqizwa nezinkomba zendawo; igama likhona futhi ohlwini lwesibili lwesivumelwano seChina ne-European Union.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Asikho isigaba esisodwa. Phambilini lapha kwakwenziwa itiye eliluhlaza; kusukela ngo-2011 okubalulekile kwaba itiye elibomvu eline-oxidized ejulile "壮乡红" (*Zhuàngxiāng hóng*, "itiye elibomvu lomhlaba wamaZhuang"). I-ejensi iXinhua ngo-2012 yabiza imikhiqizo emisha ngokuthi "姑辽乌龙茶" kanye "姑辽红茶". Azikho izidingo zobuchwepheshe ezibonisa isigaba emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Imvelaphi:** IChina, iGuangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (广西, *Guǎngxī*), umasipala wedolobha iChongzuo (崇左, *Chóngzuǒ*), isifunda saseFusui, idolobhana laseDongmen.
* **Indawo:** Imizana emithathu yekomidi lezigodi iLiutou (六头村) — iGulyao (姑辽屯), iGubiao (姑标屯) kanye neGubu (姑卜屯). Imingcele yendawo evikelwe ayikavezwa emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** Isifunda saseFusui cishe singu-22.6° N no-107.9° E.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Inganekwane.** Ngokwenganekwane exoxwa kabusha yipulatifomu yemidiya yaseChongzuo, ukhokho ongumZhuang wahlupheka isikhathi eside ngenxa yobuhlungu besisu nohudo. Ephusheni unkulunkulukazi (仙姑) wamkhomba esihlahleni setiye emthonjeni "天仙泉" ekujuleni kwezintaba, futhi umuthi waso wamphilisa.
    * **Inkathi yamaQing.** Iwebhusayithi yokuphathwa kwesuphavayiza yemakethe yaseGuangxi icaphuna "imibhalo esemthethweni" ukuthi ngezikhathi zamaQing iGulyao Cha laliyitiye lentela (贡茶), futhi ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19 nasekuqaleni kwele-20 lalithunyelwa eVietnam futhi lisuka lapho liye eFrance. Ayikho imibhalo yokuqala emithonjeni etholakele.
    * **Phambilini.** Ngombiko we-2020, iqabunga lezihlahla ezindala lalayanyiswa elangeni futhi lidayiswa ngama-yuan angama-60 ngejin; iXinhua (2012) ibhala ukuthi kuze kube ngu-2009 ikhwalithi yayingalingani.
    * **2010–2011.** Ngokwe-portal yamagugu angabonakali, uchwepheshe wetiye owamenywa yisifunda wafika eGulyao ngoMashi 2010, kwathi ngo-2011 waguqula ubuchwepheshe bangaphambili betiye eliluhlaza wabenza ubuchwepheshe be-oxidized ejulile "壮乡红", ethatha njengesibonelo iTaiwanese oolong iDongfang Meiren. Ngokwephephandaba i-"Zhongguo zhishi chanquan bao" (2018), ngoMashi 2011 imizana emithathu yakha umfelandawonye "壮乡红", kwathi ngoJuni ngokuholwa yidolobhana kwakhiwa ifektri yetiye yaseDongmen.
    * **Umbukiso weChina–ASEAN.** I-"Guangxi ribao" (2020) kanye ne-portal yamagugu angabonakali babhala ukuthi "壮乡红" laqokwa njengebomvu lomcimbi weChina-ASEAN ngo-2011 nango-2012; ipulatifomu yemidiya yaseChongzuo ithi iminyaka emine ilandelana kusukela ngo-2010.
    * **2014.** I-General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine yathatha iGulyao Cha njengomkhiqizo onenkombandlela yendawo evikelwe; incwadi yezinsiza ibeka isinqumo ngomhla ka-11 Okthoba. Inombolo yesimemezelo ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.
    * **2018.** Ngokwalelo phephandaba (Okthoba 2018), ngoMeyi i-chamber of commerce yedolobhana laseDongmen yabhalisa uphawu lwesitifiketi sendawo "姑辽茶"; inombolo yophawu ayikavezwa.
    * **Isivumelwano ne-European Union.** IGulyao Cha likhona ohlwini lwamagama angama-175 aseChina esigabeni sesibili sesivumelwano seChina ne-European Union ngezinkomba zendawo.
* **Igama:** Ngokwephephandaba lango-2018, ekuqaleni itiye lalibizwa ngokuthi "仙姑茶" kanye "福寿茶", kanti igama "姑辽" lihunyushwa ngokuthi "itiye eliphilisa izifo ngonkulunkulukazi"; kusuka kulo, umzana nentaba bathola amagama.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Itiye lemizana yamaZhuang yentaba iGulyao.

**3. Incazelo Yesitshalo Kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Uhlobo lwesitshalo:** Ifomu lesihlahla ([乔木](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qiaomuguanmu)型) lesitshalo setiye. Ngombiko we-2020, ngenxa yalokhu nangenxa yokufuna indawo ethile, ukuzalanisa ngezimboni akunakwenzeka okwamanje.
* **Izihlahla ezindala:** Isibalo emithonjeni sihlukile — kusukela kwezingaphezu kuka-5100 (iXinhua, 2012) kuya kwezingaphezu kuka-5520 (umbiko we-2020); ukuphathwa kwesuphavayiza yemakethe yaseGuangxi (2024) kubiza u-5166. Ezineminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu — kusukela ezihlahleni ezingama-580 kuya kweziyi-1500 ngokwezibalo ezahlukene. Imithombo iyavumelana ngezinombolo ezimbili: ezingaphezu kweminyaka engama-500 — zingaphezu kwekhulu, ezingaphezu kwenkulungwane — ziyisikhombisa.
* **Uhlobo lwembewu:** Ukushicilelwa kwe-2026 kubiza uhlobo olusha "姑辽215". Isimo kanye nencazelo yohlobo emithonjeni etholakele azikho.
* **Ukukhethwa:** Ngombiko we-2020, ukutshala, ukukhetha kanye nokucubungula iGulyao Cha kuxhaswa yiGuangxi South Subtropical Agricultural Science Research Institute (广西南亚热带农业科学研究所).
* **Izinga kanye nesikhathi sokuvuna:** Imininingwane emithonjeni etholakele ayikho.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Amatheku omgogodla weShiwandashan; amathambeka entaba iGulyao, ngokwezincazelo, acishe ahlale enenkungu.
* **Ukuphakama:** Ngaphezu kwamamitha angama-600; amaphephandaba ka-2018 no-2026 abiza amamitha angama-650.
* **Inhlabathi:** IXinhua (2012) ibhala ngenhlabathi ebomvu (红壤). Izimangalo zemibhalo yendawo mayelana nendawo "ecebile nge-potassium, i-zinc kanye ne-selenium" azisekelwa ngokuhlaziywa emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Isilinganiso:** Ngokushicilelwa kwe-2026, esifundeni kunezindawo ezingaphezu kwe-13.4 izinkulungwane zika-*mu* ngaphansi kwetiye iGulyao, umkhiqizo wonyaka — cishe amathani angama-81, inani lomkhiqizo — cishe izigidi ezingama-55 zama-yuan. Ukuphathwa kwesuphavayiza yemakethe yaseGuangxi (2024) kubiza izisekelo ezintathu — amadolobhana aseDongmen, eZhongdong (中东镇) naseLiuqiao (柳桥镇) — futhi kuthi izihlahla ezindala zihlala eduze kwezivande ezintsha.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Azikho izidingo zobuchwepheshe zokucubungula emithonjeni etholakele. Iphephandaba lango-2018 kanye nepulatifomu yemidiya yaseChongzuo zibala izigaba ezilandelayo:

1.  **Ukubuna (萎凋, *wěidiāo*).**
2.  **Ukulungisa (杀青, *shāqīng*).**
3.  **Ukusonga (揉捻, *róuniǎn*).**
4.  **Ukuvutshelwa (发酵, *fājiào*).**
5.  **Ukomisa (烘干, *hōnggān*).**
6.  **Ukuqedela iphunga (提香, *tíxiāng*).**

Lolu uhlu, hhayi ibalazwe lobuchwepheshe: kukho kokubili ukulungisa nokuvutshelwa, kodwa ukuthi lubhekise kuluphi uhlobo lwetiye akushiwo. IXinhua (2012) ichaza indlela eya kwioolong entsha netiye elibomvu ngokuthi "ukubuna elangeni — ukugazinga — ukusonga — ukuvutshelwa — ukomisa" ([晒青](https://thetea.app/zu/article/shai-qing)-翻炒-揉捋-发酵-烘烤).

**6. Izici Ze-Organoleptic:**

Izincazelo ezinemininingwane (ukuphathwa kwesuphavayiza yemakethe yaseGuangxi, 2024; i-portal yamagugu angabonakali) zibhekise kwibomvu "壮乡红"; ngehlobo eliluhlaza akukho mininingwane.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Limnyama, licishe libe mnyama, umucu osontiwe (色泽乌黑，条索卷曲).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lotshwala:** Licebile, lide futhi lihlanzekile (香气浓长清远); ngokwezincazelo zaseChongzuo nokuphathwa — linezendlalelo zamaphunga ezimbali, uju kanye nezithelo.
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kunothile futhi kusha (茶味醇厚清爽), kubushelelezi, nokunambitheka okumnandi okuhlala isikhathi eside.
* **Umbala wotshwala:** Usobala futhi ukhanyayo; kwi "壮乡红" — usagolide.
* **Isisekelo setiye (iqabunga eliphisiwe):** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.

Imithombo ibhala ngemvubelo ezingamashumi amabili ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa umbala nokunambitheka.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Azikho izidingo ze-physicochemical emithonjeni etholakele. Inombolo engu-28.2% yamapolyphenol etiye imithombo iyihlobanisa nezinto ezahlukene: ukuphathwa kwesuphavayiza yemakethe yaseGuangxi (2024) kanye nepulatifomu yemidiya yaseChongzuo (2023) — kwiGulyao Cha jikelele, ukushicilelwa kwe-2026 — kuhlobo olusha "姑辽215". Indlela nesampula imithombo ayikusho.

**8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe mayelana nomphumela waleli tiye ngokwawo. Inganekwane yokuphiliswa iyinganekwane, hhayi ubufakazi.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba; amapharamitha ancike ekutheni yiluphi uhlobo olusandleni.

* **Obomvu («壮乡红»):** 90–95 °C, 3 g ku-150 ml, ukumnika kokuqala cishe umzuzu, i-gaiwan, imvubelo eminingana ngokwandiswa.
* **Oluhlaza:** 80–85 °C, 3 g ku-150 ml, ukumnika kokuqala imizuzwana engama-40–60, ingilazi noma i-gaiwan, ukuthelwa kabili noma kathathu.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Itiye elibomvu — endaweni eyomile emnyama ekamelweni lokushisa, ephaketheni eliqinile, kude namaphunga. Eliluhlaza — ephaketheni elivaleka ngokuphelele, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, liphuzwe phakathi nonyaka.

**11. Intengo Kanye Nemikhohliso:**

Ngokushicilelwe kwe-2020 ne-2026, intengo ngejin inyuke isuka kuma-yuan angama-30–60 yaya kwangama-600. Ngokwephephandaba lango-2018, intengo yokudayisa yezinga eliphezulu ngo-2017 yayifinyelela ezinkulungwaneni eziyi-12 zama-yuan ngekhilogremu, itiye elibomvu elijwayelekile — lize lifike kuma-yuan ayi-1800.

* **Indlela yokugwema imikhohliso:**
    * Bheka uphawu lwenkombandlela yendawo kanye nophawu lwesitifiketi "姑辽茶".
    * Qiniseka ukuthi umkhiqizi uvela esifundeni saseFusui.
    * Buza isigaba: ngaphansi kwaleli gama kwadayaniswa kokubili itiye elibomvu neliluhlaza.
    * Itiye lezihlahla ezindala kanye netiye lezivande ezintsha yimikhiqizo ehlukene enamanani ahlukene.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* NgokweXinhua (2012) kanye nephephandaba lango-2018, esihlahleni ngasinye esidala kukhona umaki oneminyaka nenombolo — uhlelo "esihlahleni umaki, ngemva kwesihlahla umuntu" (树挂牌，人包树).
* Igama lophawu lwetiye elibomvu alibizwa ngentaba, kodwa ngesizwe — "壮乡红", "itiye elibomvu lomhlaba wamaZhuang".
* Ohlwini lwesibili lwesivumelwano ne-European Union eduze kwalo kusuka eGuangxi kukhona iLiu Bao Cha neLingyun Baihao (凌云白毫).

**13. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiye aseGuangxi:**

* **ILiu Bao Cha ([六堡茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/liu-bao-cha)):** Itiye elimnyama lesifunda saseCangwu, itiye elidume kakhulu laseGuangxi.
* **ILingyun Hong Cha ([凌云红茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/lingyun-hongcha)):** Itiye elibomvu lesifunda esinezintaba iLingyun enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeGuangxi.
* **IZhaoping Hong Cha ([昭平红茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/zhaoping-hongcha)):** Itiye elibomvu le-gongfu lesifunda iZhaoping empumalanga yesifunda esizimele.
* **IDongfang Meiren ([東方美人](https://thetea.app/zu/article/dongfang-meiren)):** Ioolong yaseTaiwan ene-oxidized kakhulu, okwathi, ngokwe-portal yamagugu angabonakali, yaba yisibonelo setiye elibomvu iGulyao Cha.

**Ekuphetheni:**

IGulyao Cha itiye lehlathi lezihlahla ezindala eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeGuangxi, elikhule laba imboni: kusuka eqabungeni elomiswe elangeni netiye eliluhlaza kuya kwibomvu "壮乡红" nokuvikelwa kusukela ngo-2014. Uma ulithenga, kufanele ubuze kokubili isigaba nemvelaphi yeqabunga — kusuka ezihlahleni ezindala zentaba iGulyao noma ezivandeni ezintsha.