---
title: "Guǎngyuán huángchá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/guangyuan-huangcha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Guǎngyuán huángchá (广元黄茶)

**I-Guǎngyuán Huángchá** (*Guǎngyuán huángchá*, 广元黄茶) itiye eliluhlaza elivela ezinhlotsheni zamahlamvu aphuzi zesifunda sikaMasipala waseGuǎngyuán enyakatho-mpumalanga yesifundazwe saseSichuan. Naphezu kwegama, itiye alilona iqembu lephuzi: ubuchwepheshe buluhlaza, akukho ukuthungela (闷黄), futhi "ophuzi" umbala weqabunga lasentwasahlobo lezinhlobo 中黄1号 ne中黄2号. Eyokuqala yalethwa eGuǎngyuán ngo-2010, futhi eminyakeni eyishumi nantathu kusukela ekutshalweni kokuhlolwa esifundeni saseWangcang, ngokwemininingwane yesifunda, kwakhula izingadi eziyi-51,000 zama-mu — isizinda esikhulu kunazo zonke eChina "setiye eliphuzi". Isifunda sichaza itiye ngefomula "okuthathu okuphuzi — okuthathu okuphakeme": iqabunga elisagolide-ophuzi, umhluzi "ombala wekhandlu", indawo yetiye ephuzi okwe-jade, ama-amino acid amaningi, iphunga eliphezulu kanye nezingulube eziningi eziphuzi. Igama livikelwe uphawu lwesitifiketi sezindawo kusukela ngo-2014.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*) elivela ezinhlotsheni zamahlamvu aphuzi. Kanjalo futhi kubiza isifunda ngokwaso: "umkhiqizo wetiye eliluhlaza", owenziwe ngokunaba, ukulungisa, ukuqondisa, ukubumba kanye nokomisa.
* **Ugibe lwegama:** "黄茶" (*huángchá*) egameni umbala weqabunga, hhayi isigaba. Itiye eliphuzi ngokwe-GB/T 30766 lidinga ukuthungela, okungekho lapha.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye elivela ezinhlotsheni zamahlamvu akhanyayo (黄化, *huánghuà*); uphawu lwesitifiketi sezindawo (2014).
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe saseSichuan (四川, *Sìchuān*), isifunda sikaMasipala waseGuǎngyuán (广元, *Guǎngyuán*). Isifunda esiyinhloko isifunda saseWangcang (旺苍县). Isifunda siboniswe njengokuhlobana kokuphatha komnikazi wophawu; umngcele wezomthetho wendawo angiwuhlolanga.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** I-Guǎngyuán icishe ibe ngu-32.4° N no-105.8° E.

**2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **2010.** I-Guǎngyuán yaletha uhlobo 中黄1号, olwakhishwa i-Tea Institute ye-Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, futhi yasungula ukutshala okuyimpumelelo okuhlolwayo esifundeni saseWangcang.
    * **2013–2014.** Iziphathimandla zedolobha zayala ukuthi kufakwe isicelo esiteshini sesifunda sezitshalo zobuchwepheshe, futhi ngo-2014 kwabhaliswa uphawu lwesitifiketi sezindawo 广元黄茶 — № 14056995. Inombolo eseduze 14056996 ingeyophawu oluhlanganyelwe 广元纯黄茶. Ngokombiko wonyaka we-State Administration for Industry and Commerce of the PRC mayelana nezimpawu zokuhweba zika-2014, zombili izimpawu ziphethwe yisiteshi esifanayo sesifunda sezitshalo zobuchwepheshe (广元市经济作物管理站), futhi zombili zibhaliselwe umkhiqizo owodwa — itiye. Idokhumenti ezohlukanisa imikhiqizo ngaphansi kwezimpawu ezimbili ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.
    * **Amazinga.** Ngokwemininingwane yesifunda, kwamukelwa amazinga amabili endawo — mayelana nokutshala kanye nangokusebenza — kanye nezinga leqembu "广元黄茶"; ngo-2023 uphawu lwalunikezwe imvume izinkampani eziyishumi nanye.
    * **2023.** Ngokwemininingwane yesifunda, izingadi eziyi-51,000 zama-mu; isifunda sikubiza ngesizinda esikhulu kunazo zonke eChina "setiye eliphuzi".
    * Itiye lifakwe ezincwadini zikazwelonke zemikhiqizo yezolimo ekhethekile kanye "名特优新" — imikhiqizo yezolimo eyaziwayo, ekhethekile, esezingeni futhi emisha. Isifundazwe samqaphela njengophawu lomphakathi wesifunda oluhle kakhulu lwemikhiqizo yezolimo kanye netiye elilodwa elinethonya kakhulu eSichuan (四川省最具影响力茶叶单品).
* **Igama:** "Guǎngyuán" yigama lesifunda; "huangcha" (黄茶) — "itiye eliphuzi", ngombala weqabunga.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** I-Guǎngyuán Huángchá incane kunamanye amatiye avikelwe esifundeni — i-[Qīfó Gòngchá](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qifo-gongcha) (evikelwe kusukela ngo-2008) ne-[Mǐcāngshān Chá](https://thetea.app/zu/article/micangshan-cha) (kusukela ngo-2009). Umlando wayo umlando wohlobo, hhayi wendawo: itiye lavela kanye nohlobo olwakhishwa eZhejiang.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Izinhlobo:** **中黄1号** (*Zhōnghuáng 1*) kanye **中黄2号** (*Zhōnghuáng 2*) — izinhlobo zombuso ezinamahlamvu aphuzi ngokwemvelo. 中黄1号 yakhishwa i-Tea Institute ye-academy; 中黄2号 ivela kumuntu oguqukile wesifunda saseJinyun esifundazweni saseZhejiang.
* **Umbala weqabunga:** Amahlumela asentwasahlobo aphuzi; kuhlobo 中黄2号 iqabunga liba luhlaza ehlobo.
* **Izinto zokusetshenziswa:** Amahlumela amancane asentwasahlobo (鲜嫩春梢) ezinhlobo ezitshalwe esifundeni.

**4. I-Terroir kanye nezici zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Enyakatho-mpumalanga yeSichuan, izintaba emngceleni neShaanxi neGansu.
* **Ukuphakama kokutshala:** Ayikho imininingwane emithonjeni etholakele. Isifunda sibhala kuphela ukuthi eGuǎngyuán kunezintaba eziningi eziphakeme kanye nenkungu (多高山、多云雾).
* **Isimo sezulu:** Ayikho imininingwane eqondile mayelana nezingadi emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Umhlabathi:** Ayikho imininingwane emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Isici:** Umbala ophuzi weqabunga ubekwa uhlobo, hhayi indawo: izinhlobo zalethwa zisuka eZhejiang. Indawo inikeza ukuphakama nenkungu.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza:**

Ngokwencazelo yesifunda, i-Guǎngyuán Huángchá yenziwa kanje:

1.  **Ukomisa (摊放, *tānfàng*):** Iqabunga elisha linabeka ngendwenga encane.
2.  **Ukulungisa (杀青, *shāqīng*):** Ukushisa kumisa i-oxidation.
3.  **Ukuqondisa (理条, *lǐtiáo*):** Iqabunga liqondiswa libe umucu.
4.  **Ukubumba (做形, *zuòxíng*):** Iqabunga lithatha isimo "se-orchid encane" (形似小兰花).
5.  **Ukomisa (干燥, *gānzào*).**

Ukuthungela (闷黄) akukho. Isifunda sibika ngezinga lendawo lokusebenza, kodwa umbhalo walo angiwubonanga; imingcele ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.

**6. Izici ze-Organoleptic:**

Isifunda sichaza ukubukeka ngefomula "okuthathu okuphuzi — okuthathu okuphakeme" (三黄三高).

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Kufana ne-orchid encane (形似小兰花); kusagolide-ophuzi (外形金黄).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lomhluzi:** Eliphezulu (香气高).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele, ngaphandle kokukhomba okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-amino acid.
* **Umbala womhluzi:** Ophuzi okhanyayo, "ombala wekhandlu" (汤色鹅黄).
* **Indawo yetiye (iqabunga elibilisiwe):** Ephuzi okwe-jade (叶底玉黄).

**7. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali:**

Ngokwemininingwane yesifunda (2023):

| Inkomba | Okuqukethwe |
| :--- | :--- |
| Izinto ezikhishwayo | ngaphezu kuka-40 % |
| Ama-amino acid | cishe u-7% ngokwesilinganiso |

Ama-amino acid, ngokwemininingwane efanayo, aphindwe ka-2–3 kunetiye eliluhlaza elivamile. Isifunda siphinde siphawule okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwezingulube eziphuzi, kodwa asizibhali izinombolo.

**8. Izakhiwo eziwusizo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe mayelana nomphumela waleli tiye ngqo.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza elincane.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 75–80 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g nge-150 ml.
* **Isitsha:** Ingilazi yeglasi — kuyo kubonakala iqabunga eliphuzi-luhlaza nomhluzi ophuzi okhanyayo.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Fudumeza ingilazi.
    2. Faka itiye bese uthela amanzi ngasodongeni.
    3. Umhluzi wokuqala — ngemva kwemizuzwana engama-40–60.
    4. Phuza, ushiya ingxenye yomhluzi.
    5. Thela amanzi futhi.
    6. Ukuphindaphinda kabili noma kathathu.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Ephaketheni elivaliwe, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama kanye namaphunga. Kungcono ukuphuzwa phakathi nonyaka.

**11. Intengo kanye nomgunyathi:**

Ngokwemininingwane yesifunda, ngo-2023 kwakhiqizwa amathani angama-70 etiye, futhi intengo yemakethe yayiyi-4000–16,000 yuan nge-jin (500 g). Lokhu ukuhlola kwesifunda, hhayi uhlu lwentengo lokudayisa.

* **Ukwakugwema ukukopela:**
    * Funa uphawu lwesitifiketi sezindawo № 14056995; ngo-2023 lwalungasetshenziswa izinkampani eziyishumi nanye.
    * Hlola ukuthi umkhiqizi uvela esifundeni saseGuǎngyuán.
    * Iqabunga — lisagolide-ophuzi, umhluzi — ophuzi okhanyayo, indawo yetiye — ephuzi okwe-jade.
    * Ungadidanisi netiye eliphuzi ngesigaba: ukuthungela akukho lapha.

**12. Amaqiniso athakazelisayo:**

* Izinhlobo zaleli tiye zakhishwa eZhejiang, futhi ukutshala kokuqala kokuhlolwa eGuǎngyuán kwaba ngo-2010.
* Eminyakeni eyishumi nantathu indawo yakhula kusuka ekutshalweni kokuhlolwa yaya ezingadini eziyi-51,000 zama-mu.
* Idolobhana laseSanhe esifundeni saseWangcang, ngokwemininingwane yesifunda, liqashelwa uMnyango Wezolimo njengendawo kazwelonke "yomkhakha okhethekile wama-yuan ayikhulu ezigidi".
* Uphawu lunomlingani — 广元纯黄茶 ("itiye eliphuzi elimsulwa laseGuǎngyuán"), elinenombolo eseduze.
* Ugibe lwegama olufanayo nolwe-Jinyun Huangcha: itiye libizwa ngophuzi, kodwa ngesigaba liluhlaza.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye:**

* **I-Jīnyún Huángchá ([缙云黄茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/jinyun-huangcha)):** Indawo yokuzalwa yohlobo 中黄2号; futhi itiye eliluhlaza ngaphansi kwegama "eliphuzi".
* **I-Ānjí Huángjīn Yá ([安吉黄金芽](https://thetea.app/zu/article/anji-huangjin-ya)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lamahlamvu aphuzi laseZhejiang.
* **I-Méngdǐng Huángyá ([蒙顶黄芽](https://thetea.app/zu/article/mengding-huang-ya)):** Itiye eliphuzi langempela laseSichuan, elinokuthungela.
* **I-Mǐcāngshān Chá (米仓山茶):** Itiye lezintaba zaseMicangshan esifundeni saseWangcang esifundeni esifanayo; ubuchwepheshe balo bufakwe ohlwini lwamagugu esifundazwe njengegatsha lobuchwepheshe betiye eliluhlaza laseSichuan.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Guǎngyuán Huángchá itiye eliluhlaza lasenyakatho-mpumalanga yeSichuan elivela ezinhlotsheni zamahlamvu aphuzi zaseZhejiang 中黄1号 ne中黄2号. Okuthathu okuphuzi — iqabunga, umhluzi kanye nendawo yetiye — nokuthathu okuphakeme — ama-amino acid cishe u-7%, iphunga kanye nezingulube. Kusukela ekutshalweni kokuhlolwa kuka-2010, itiye lakhula laba imboni yama-mu ayi-51,000; uphawu luvikela igama kusukela ngo-2014.