---
title: "I-GABA itiye"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/gaba-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-04-08
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# I-GABA itiye (GABA茶 · 佳叶龙茶, Gābā chá)

**I-GABA itiye (i-GABA itiye, GABA** – Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, i-Gamma-aminobutyric acid, i-GABA)
	* Amagama emikhiqizo yaseShayina - **佳叶龙茶** (*jiāyè lóng chá*, "itiye leqabunga elihle kanye nodrako" - igama elisemthethweni lomkhakha e-PRC) kanye nokufinyezwe okuthi **佳叶** (*jiāyè*); kutholakala futhi ukuhumusha okuqondile kokuthi **伽马茶** (*gāmǎ chá*). Ezintweni zentengo zabahlinzeki, i-GABA tea cishe njalo ibhalwa ngokuthi 佳叶龙茶 noma 佳叶 - igama lesiLatini elithi "GABA" emagameni emikhiqizo yaseShayina akuvamile.
# I-GABA itiye (i-GABA itiye, GABA - Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, i-Gamma-aminobutyric acid, i-GABA)
**I-GABA itiye (i-GABA itiye, GABA - Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid, i-Gamma-aminobutyric acid, i-GABA)** 

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:**  **Akulona uhlobo olwehlukile lwetiye** ngokwesayensi yezitshalo, kodwa **itiye elicutshungulwe ngobuchwepheshe obukhethekile**, obandisa okuqukethwe i-GABA. Isisekelo singaba **noma yiluphi uhlobo lwetiye** (oluhlaza, i-oolong, olubomvu, olumhlophe), kodwa ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa **ama-oolong**.
* **Isigaba:** Amatiye asebenzayo, amatiye anothisiwe.
* **Imvelaphi:** Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza itiye le-GABA basungulwa e-**Japan ngeminyaka yawo-1980** nguDokotela Tsushida Tojiro. Kamuva ubuchwepheshe basakazekela e-**Thailand**, kwase kufika nakwamanye amazwe, kubandakanya ne-**China**.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** Zincike endaweni okukhiqizwa kuyo itiye le-GABA elithile (i-Japan, i-Thailand, i-China, njll.).

**2. Umlando nokubaluleka kwezamasiko:**

* **Umlando:** Ukutholakala kwetiye le-GABA kuhlobene nocwaningo lososayensi base-Japan, olwaluhlose ukuthola izindlela zokwandisa okuqukethwe i-GABA ekudleni. Ekuqaleni ubuchwepheshe babusetshenziswa elayisi, imifino nakweminye imikhiqizo, bese bujwayela itiye. E-Japan itiye le-GABA lazuza ukuthandwa ngokushesha njengesiphuzo esiletha ukuphumula nokunciphisa ingcindezi. E-Thailand ubuchwepheshe bathuthukiswa, kwenziwa ngcono ubumnandi betiye.
* **Igama:**

	* "I-GABA" – isifinyezo esamukelekayo se-**gamma-aminobutyric acid (i-Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid)**.
* **Ukubaluleka kwezamasiko:** Itiye le-GABA libekwa njengesiphuzo esinomphumela **wokuthulisa, wokuphumuza**, olekelela **ekunciphiseni ingcindezi, ekuthuthukiseni ubuthongo nasekuqondiseni ukugxila**. Lithandwa kakhulu phakathi kwabantu abaphila ukuphila okumatasa futhi ababhekene nezindleko eziphakeme zengqondo nemizwa.

**3. Incazelo yezitshalo kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Uhlobo:** Ekukhiqizweni kwetiye le-GABA kungase kusetshenziswe **izinhlobo ezahlukene** zesihlahla setiye, kokubili ezase-Japan (isib. i-Yabukita) nezase-Thailand (isib. i-Qing Xin Oolong, i-Jin Xuan). Ukukhetha uhlobo kuthinta izici zokunambitheka nephunga lomkhiqizo oqediwe.
* **Ukuvuna:** Isikhathi sokuvuna nezinga lokuvuna kuncike ohlotsheni lwetiye olusetshenziswa njengesisekelo (oluhlaza, i-oolong, olubomvu, njll.).
* **Izidingo zempahla eluhlaza:** Kusetshenziswa amahlamvu etiye asezingeni eliphezulu, anempilo.

**4. I-Terroir nezici zokutshalwa:**

* **Isifunda:** Kuncike endaweni okukhiqizwa kuyo itiye le-GABA elithile. I-Japan, i-Thailand ne-China (izifundazwe zase-Fujian, Zhejiang, njll.) zingabakhiqizi abakhulu.
* **Ukuphakama okutshalwayo:** Kungahlukahluka.
* **Umhlabathi:** Kuncike esifundeni.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Kuncike esifundeni.
* **Izici:** Azikho izidingo ezikhethekile ze-terroir ekukhiqizweni kwetiye le-GABA. Okubalulekile yikhwalithi yempahla eluhlaza nokulandela ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza:**

Isici esiyinhloko sokukhiqiza itiye le-GABA **ukuvutshelwa kwekhasi letiye endaweni engenawo umoya-mpilo, emkhathini ocebile nge-nitrogen**. Le nqubo ithuthukisa ukunqwabelana kwe-gamma-aminobutyric acid (i-GABA) ekhasini letiye.
* **Ukuvuna (采摘 - cǎi zhāi):** Kuchazwe ngenhla.
* **Ukubhaceka (萎凋 - wěidiāo):** Amacembu avuniwe andlalwa ngaphandle noma endlini ukuze kususwe umswakama owedlulele. Ubude balesi sigaba buncike ohlotsheni lwetiye.
* **Ukuvutshelwa ezimweni ezingenawo umoya-mpilo (ukuvutshelwa okungenawo umoya-mpilo):** Lona **yisigaba esiyinhloko** ekukhiqizweni kwetiye le-GABA. Amacembu etiye afakwa ezitsheni ezikhethekile ezivaleka ngokuphelele noma emagumbini, lapho **umoya umununwa khona kufakwe i-nitrogen**. Kulezi zimo, phakathi **namahora awu-6–12 (ngezinye izikhathi ngaphezulu)**, i-GABA iyanqwabelana ekhasini letiye. Izinga lokushisa elifanele lale nqubo lilinganiselwa ku-40°C.
* **‘Ukubulala uhlaza’ (杀青 - shā qīng):** Uma kusetshenziswa itiye eliluhlaza noma i-oolong evutshelwe kancane njengesisekelo, ngemuva kokuvutshelwa okungenawo umoya-mpilo kwenziwa isigaba ‘sokubulala uhlaza’ — ukuthoswa okufushane ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu ukumisa ukuqhubeka kwe-oxidation.
* **Ukusontelana (揉捻 - róuniǎn):** Amacembu ayasonteleka, enikezwa ukuma okuvamile kwalolo hlobo lwetiye.
* **I-Oxidation (ukuvutshelwa kwendabuko):** Uma kusetshenziswa i-oolong noma itiye elibomvu njengesisekelo, ngemuva kwesigaba sokuvutshelwa okungenawo umoya-mpilo, kungenziwa ukuvutshelwa okujwayelekile emoyeni.
* **Ukomisa (烘干 - hōnggān):** Itiye liyomiswa ukuze kususwe umswakama nokulungisa ukuma.
* **Ukuthosa (焙火 - bèihuǒ):** Kuma-oolong kungenziwa ukuthosa kokugcina.
* **Ukuhlunga (分级 - fēnjí):** Itiye eliqediwe lihlungwa ngosayizi nekhwalithi.

**6. Izici zokunambitheka nephunga:**

Izici zokunambitheka nephunga zetiye le-GABA zincike ohlotsheni lwetiye olusetshenziswe njengesisekelo (oluhlaza, i-oolong, olubomvu), kanye nasezingeni lokuvutshelwa, ukuthosa nezinye izinto. Noma kunjalo, kunezici ezithile ezivamile ezingabalulwa:
* **Ukubukeka kwekhasi elomile:** Kuncike ohlotsheni lwetiye oluyisisekelo. Ngokuvamile amahlamvu asontelekile, ukuma kwawo okuvamile kwalolo hlobo lwetiye (amabhola, imichilo, izipheleli, njll.). Umbala ungahluka kusuka koluhlaza kuye konsundu omnyama.
* **Iphunga lekhasi elomile:** Ngokuvamile kuba khona **‘umuncu’** oyisici, okhumbuza iphunga lemikhiqizo ebilisiwe noma amakhoba, okuwumphumela wokuvutshelwa okungenawo umoya-mpilo. Futhi, kungase kube kukhona amanothi ahambelana netiye eliyisisekelo (izimbali, izithelo, amantongomane, uju, njll.).
* **Iphunga lokumunyungwa:** Lithambile kunalelo lekhasi elomile. Kungase kube khona amanothi ezimbali, ezithelo, oju, amantongomane, kuncike ohlotsheni lwetiye oluyisisekelo. Umuncu, ngokujwayelekile, udlulela ekumunyungweni.
* **Ukunambitheka:** Ukunambitheka nakho kuncike ohlotsheni lwetiye oluyisisekelo, kodwa ngokuvamile kuchazwa njengokunomuncu omncane, okunamanothi ezithelo, omuthi wemali noma amantongomane. Kungase kube nokubaba okuncane. Ukunambitheka ngemva kokugwinya ngokuvamile kumnandi futhi kuyaqabula.
* **Umbala wokumunyungwa:** Kuncike ohlotsheni lwetiye oluyisisekelo. Ungasusela koliphuzi olukhanyayo (itiye eliluhlaza) kuye kolibomvu okhanyayo (itiye elibomvu).
* **Isisekelo setiye (ikhasi eliphekiwe):** Kuncike ohlotsheni lwetiye oluyisisekelo.

**7. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali:**

Ngaphandle kwezinto ezijwayelekile etiyeni elivamile (ama-polyphenol, ama-amino acid, ama-alkaloid, amavithamini, amaminerali), itiye le-GABA lihlukile **ngokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-gamma-aminobutyric acid (i-GABA)**.
* **I-GABA (i-Gamma-aminobutyric acid):** Isici esiyinhloko saleli tiye. Okuqukethwe i-GABA etiyeni le-GABA kufanele kube **okungenani amamiligremu awu-150 ngegramu eziyi-100 zesisindo esomile**, ngokwamazinga ase-Japan nase-Thailand. Kwezinye izimo, okuqukethwe kungafinyelela ku-300–400 mg nangaphezulu.
* **Ama-Polyphenol:** Okuqukethwe kuncike ohlotsheni lwetiye oluyisisekelo.
* **Ama-Amino acid:** Okuqukethwe ama-amino acid, ngaphandle kwe-GABA, nakho kungashintsha kancane ngesikhathi sokuvutshelwa okungenawo umoya-mpilo.
* **Ama-Alkaloid:** I-caffeine, i-theobromine, i-theophylline. Okuqukethwe i-caffeine kuncike ohlotsheni lwetiye oluyisisekelo.
* **Amavithamini:** C, weqembu B.
* **Amaminerali:** I-potassium, i-fluorine, i-magnesium, i-manganese.

**8. Izinzuzo zempilo:**

Izinzuzo eziyinhloko zetiye le-GABA zihlobene nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-GABA:
* **Ukunciphisa izinga lengcindezi nokukhathazeka:** I-GABA iyi-neurotransmitter eyinhloko evimbayo ohlelweni lwezinzwa oluphakathi. Ilekelela ekuphumuleni, ekunciphiseni izinga lengcindezi nokukhathazeka.
* **Ukuthuthukisa ubuthongo:** Itiye le-GABA lingasiza ekuqedeni ukuqwasha nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yobuthongo.
* **Ukwandisa ukugxila nokuthuthukisa imisebenzi yengqondo:** I-GABA ingathuthukisa imisebenzi yengqondo, njengenkumbulo, ukunaka nekhono lokufunda.
* **Ukwehlisa umfutho wegazi:** Kunobufakazi bokuthi i-GABA ingasiza ekwehliseni umfutho wegazi.
* **Umphumela wokuvikela izinzwa:** I-GABA ingavikela amangqamuzana ebuchosheni ekulimaleni.
* **Umphumela wokulwa ne-oxidation:** Njengezinye izinhlobo zetiye, itiye le-GABA linezinto zokulwa ne-oxidation.
* **Ezinye izinzuzo zempilo:** Zincike ohlotsheni lwetiye olusetshenziswe njengesisekelo.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** Lincike ohlotsheni lwetiye oluyisisekelo. Kwitiye eliluhlaza: 70-80°C, kuma-oolong: 85-95°C, kwitiye elibomvu: 90-95°C.
* **Ubuningi betiye:** Amagremu awu-5–7 emanzini awu-150–200 ml.
* **Izitsha:** I-gaiwan, i-teapot yobumba lwase-Yixing, izitsha ze-porcelain.
* **Inqubo:**

	1. Fudumeza izitsha ngamanzi abilayo.
	2. Faka itiye ku-gaiwan noma e-teapot.
	3. Thela amanzi etiyeni bese uwasula ngokushesha ukuchithwa kokuqala (ukugeza itiye).
	4. Thela amanzi futhi etiyeni bese ulithisa ngokwezincomo zohlobo oluthile lwetiye (kuma-oolong ngokuvamile kuqalwa ngokumumungwa okufushane kwemizuzwana engama-30 - umzuzu owu-1, kwandiswe isikhathi kancane kancane).
	5. Thela okumunyiwe ezinkomishini.
	6. Phinda ukuphisa izikhathi ezimbalwa, ngokuvamile okumumungwa okungu-3–7, kuncike ohlotsheni lwetiye.

**10. Ukugcina:**

Itiye le-GABA kufanele ligcinwe endaweni eyomile, epholile, emnyama, esitsheni esivaleka ngokuphelele, kude namaphunga angaphandle.
**11. Intengo nemikhiqizo yomgunyathi:**

Itiye le-GABA, njengomthetho, libiza kakhulu kunamatiye avamile ohlobo olufanayo, ngenxa yobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuyinkimbinkimbi. Intengo incike kukhwalithi yempahla eluhlaza, ohlotsheni lwetiye oluyisisekelo, okuqukethwe i-GABA, isithunzi somkhiqizi nendawo okuthengwe kuyo.
**Uzivikela kanjani emikhiqizweni yomgunyathi:**

* **Thenga kubathengisi abathembekile:** Funana nezitolo zetiye ezikhethekile ezinethonya elihle.
* **Naka intengo:** Intengo ephansi kakhulu kufanele ikuxwayise.
* **Hlolisisa imininingwane esemaphaketheni:** Kufanele kubhalwe okuqukethwe i-GABA (okungenani i-150 mg/100 g).
* **Hlaziya iphunga:** Ephunga lekhasi elomile kungase kube nomuncu oyisici.
* **Hlola okumunyiwe:** Ukunambitheka nephunga kufanele kuhambisane nohlobo lwetiye oluyisisekelo olumenyezelwe.

**12. Izinto ezithakazelisayo:**

* **Ubuchwepheshe base-Japan:** Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza itiye le-GABA basungulwa e-Japan, izwe elinezinga eliphezulu lengcindezi.
* **Imibono emisha yase-Thailand:** Abakhiqizi base-Thailand bathuthukise ubuchwepheshe, benza ngcono ubumnandi betiye le-GABA.
* **Hhayi itiye kuphela:** Ubuchwepheshe bokuvutshelwa okungenawo umoya-mpilo busetshenziswa nakweminye imikhiqizo yokudla ukuze kwandiswe okuqukethwe i-GABA.

**13. Izinhlobo ze-GABA itiye:**

* **Ngokohlobo lwetiye oluyisisekelo:**

	* **I-GABA Oolong:** Uhlobo oludume kakhulu, lukhiqizwa e-Thailand.
	* **I-GABA itiye eliluhlaza:** Litholakala kancane, likhiqizwa e-Japan.
	* **I-GABA itiye elibomvu:** Nalo likhona, kodwa kancane.
	* **I-GABA itiye elimhlophe:** Uhlobo oluyivelakancane kakhulu.
* **Ngokokuqukethwe i-GABA:** Abakhiqizi abahlukahlukene bangakhiqiza itiye le-GABA elinokuqukethwe i-GABA okwehlukene, okuthinta intengo nomphumela wetiye.

**14. Okungaba yingozi okungenzeka:**

* **Ukungabekezelelani komzimba:** Njenganoma yimuphi umkhiqizo, itiye le-GABA lingadala ukungezwani komzimba.
* **Ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa:** Kufanele kusetshenziswe ngokuqapha, ngemuva kokubonisana nodokotela.
* **Umfutho ophansi wegazi:** I-GABA ingehlisa umfutho, ngakho-ke abanomfutho ophansi kufanele balisebenzise ngokuqapha itiye.
* **Ukuphuza imithi:** Uma uphuza imithi ethinta uhlelo lwezinzwa noma umfutho wegazi, bonisana nodokotela ngaphambi kokuphuza itiye le-GABA.

**Ekuphetheni:**

Itiye le-GABA liwumkhiqizo oyingqayizivele, ohlanganisa amasiko okukhiqiza itiye nempumelelo yesayensi yesimanje. Ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obukhethekile bokucutshungulwa, leli tiye linothiswe nge-gamma-aminobutyric acid (i-GABA), enomphumela omuhle ohlelweni lwezinzwa, esiza ekubhekaneni nengcindezi, ekuthuthukiseni ubuthongo nasekwandiseni ukugxila. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, itiye le-GABA ligcina bonke ubuhle bokunambitheka nephunga betiye elisezingeni. Lesi isiphuzo esithakazelisayo nesinenzuzo okufanele sizanywe yilabo abanakekela impilo yabo futhi abafuna okuhlangenwe nakho okusha kwetiye.