---
title: "Fúliáng chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/fuliang-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Fúliáng chá (浮梁茶)

**I-Fu Liang Cha** (*Fúliáng chá*, 浮梁茶) itiye lesifunda lesifunda sase-Fu Liang County (浮梁县) esifundeni sase-Jingdezhen City enyakatho-mpumalanga yesifundazwe sase-Jiangxi. Ngaphansi kwegama elilodwa elivikelwe, kukhiqizwa amatiye amabili — itiye elibomvu kanye neliluhlaza. Idolobha laziwa njengenhloko-dolobha ye-porcelain, kanti i-Fu Liang ngokwayo yaziwa ngomugqa ka-Bai Juyi omayelana nomthengisi "owahamba waya e-Fu Liang eyothenga itiye": ngesikhathi seNkathi yaseTang, lapha kwakukhona imakethe enkulu yetiye, lapho kwakulethwa khona amaqabunga avela nase-Qimen nase-Wuyuan ezakhelene. Itiye elibomvu lase-Fu Liang, "fu hong" (浮红, *fú hóng*), ngo-1915 lathola igolide e-San Francisco; amatiye endawo "Xianzhi" kanye "Nenrui", ngokombhalo wokuvikela, ngemuva kweNkathi yeTang amakhulu eminyaka ayethunyelwa njengentela enkantolo.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Amakilasi amabili ngaphansi kwegama elilodwa. Itiye elibomvu (红茶, *hóngchá*), elivutshelwe ngokuphelele, — "izinyathelo ezinhlanu" (五品红, *wǔ pǐn hóng*) kanye "fu liang gong fu" (浮梁工夫, *Fúliáng gōngfu*). Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*), elingavutshelwanga, — lichazwa yibo bobabili imibhalo yokuvikela: umthethonqubo we-GI wezolimo wango-2010 usho ngokuqondile ukuthi ubhalwe "ngesibonelo setiye eliluhlaza" (以绿茶为例), kanti izidingo zika-2025 zinikeza kuphela uhlelo lokucubungula itiye eliluhlaza.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye lesifunda elinophawu lwendawo ngezindlela ezintathu: i-GI yezolimo yoMnyango Wezolimo (2010), umkhiqizo we-GI we-CNIPA (2025) kanye nophawu lokuthengisa oluqinisekisiwe No. 4839222 (ngokwekhathalogi yezindawo; umnikazi — inhlangano yetiye yesifunda sase-Fu Liang). Ifakwe ohlwini lwesibili lweSivumelwano se-China–EU ngezindawo zokuvikela.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe sase-Jiangxi (江西, *Jiāngxī*), idolobha lase-Jingdezhen (景德镇, *Jǐngdézhèn*), isifunda sase-Fu Liang (浮梁县, *Fúliáng Xiàn*). Indawo evikelwe — amashumi amathathu namabili amadolobhana nezindawo zesifunda sase-Fu Liang: Yaoli (瑶里镇), Ehu (鹅湖镇), Zhuangwan (庄湾乡), Wanggang (王港乡), Xianghu (湘湖镇), Xihu (西湖乡), Legong (勒功乡), Jiangcun (江村乡), Jinggongqiao (经公桥镇), Zhitan (峙滩乡), Xintian (兴田乡), Jiaotan (蛟潭镇) kanye Huangtan (黄坛乡).
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** 117°01′–117°42′ empumalanga, 29°09′–29°56′ enyakatho.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **I-Han.** Ngokwemithombo yendawo, itiye kulezi zintaba lalitshalwa futhi liqoqwa izindela kakade ngesikhathi se-Han.
    * **I-Tang — imakethe yetiye yombuso.** Ukuchuma kwafika nge-Tang. Ku-"The Debate of Tea and Wine" (茶酒论) u-Wang Fu ubhala ukuthi itiye lase-Fu Liang nelase-Shezhou abantu bayeza kulo kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba. "Yuanhe jun xian tu zhi" (元和郡县图志) ka-Li Jifu ibika ngezigidi eziyisikhombisa "zemithwalo" yetiye ngonyaka kanye nentela engaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyikhulu ezingamashumi amahlanu zemfumba yemali; ngokokubala okushiwo abezindaba baseChina, lokhu kucishe kube izingxenye ezintathu kweziyisishiyagalombili zentela kazwelonke yetiye engamakhulu amane ezinkulungwane zemfumba. Inkondlo ka-Bai Juyi "Pipa Xing" (琵琶行) yabhalwa ngo-816, futhi umugqa wayo omayelana nomthengisi — ubufakazi bemibhalo obudume kakhulu ngemakethe yase-Fu Liang. Izimpahla zazihamba ngomfula i-Changjiang (昌江): i-Fu Liang yayingeyona nje indawo yokutshala, kodwa futhi nendawo yokudlulisela itiye lase-Qimen nelase-Wuyuan.
    * **I-Song ne-Yuan.** Ngokomthethonqubo we-GI, kuze kube maphakathi ne-Song lapha kwakwenziwa kakhulu itiye elicindezelwe (片茶), ekupheleni kwe-Song laqala ukususwa itiye elixutshiwe, kanti nge-Yuan ubuchwepheshe betiye eliluhlaza baphela. Amatiye "Xianzhi" (仙芝), "Nenrui" (嫩蕊), "Fuhe" (福合) kanye "Luhe" (禄合) umbhalo ofanayo ubabaza "ngokuphelela okune" — umbala ogqamile, iphunga elimnandi, ukunambitheka okuthambile kanye nokuma okuhle — futhi uthi ahlala kusukela e-Song kuya e-Qing futhi ayethunyelwa njengentela enkantolo.
    * **I-Ming.** Umbhali wemidlalo yeshashalazi u-Tang Xianzu wabiza itiye lase-Fu Liang "ngowokuqala ezulwini".
    * **I-Daoguang (1821–1850).** Ubuchwepheshe betiye elibomvu bafika esifundeni, futhi i-fu hong yaqala ukuthunyelwa e-Europe naseMelika.
    * **1915.** I-fu hong yendlu yetiye i-"Tianxiang" (天祥) yasesigodini sase-Yantai e-Jiangcun township yathola indondo yegolide ye-Panama-Pacific Exhibition e-San Francisco. Okunye ukushicilelwa kubhala ukuthi itiye elibomvu elikhiqizwa e-Fu Liang laliya emakethe ngaphansi kwegama "Qimen".
    * **1949.** Ngokombiko owodwa wezincwadi, i-fu liang gong fu yanikezwa u-Stalin ngosuku lokuzalwa; eminye imithombo etholakele ayifakazisi lokhu.
    * **1990s.** Ngo-1991 i-"Fuyao xianzhi" ([浮瑶仙芝](https://thetea.app/zu/article/fuyao-xianzhi)) yaklonyeliswa e-Hangzhou Tea Culture Festival, ngo-1994 i-"Yaoli yayu" (瑶里崖玉) yathola igolide embukisweni wamazwe ngamazwe. Ngo-1997 uMnyango Wezolimo waqamba i-Fu Liang "njengekhaya letiye elibomvu laseChina".
    * **2010 nangemva kwalokho.** Ngomhla zingama-24 kuZibandlela wezi-2010 ngesaziso soMnyango Wezolimo No. 1517 itiye lafakwa kurejista ye-GI yezolimo (isitifiketi AGI00464). Ngesaziso se-CNIPA No. 640 somhla ziyi-16 kuJulayi 2025 laqashelwa njengomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo ohlwini olujwayelekile lwemikhiqizo eyi-1409; indawo yezidingo zika-2025 iyefana — amashumi amathathu namabili amadolobhana nezindawo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, itiye lafakwa ohlwini lwesibili lweSivumelwano se-China–EU (unyaka wokufakwa imithombo iwubiza ngezindlela ezahlukene), kanti uhlelo lwamasiko wetiye lase-Fu Liang — ohlwini lwamagugu abalulekile ezolimo e-China.
* **Igama:**
    * "Fuliang" (浮梁) — ngokwezwi nezwi "ibhuloho elintantayo". Igama lesifunda lasungulwa ngo-742; incazelo emibhalweni yezokwaziswa — imifula yayivame ukukhukhula, futhi izakhamuzi zazibeka amabhuloho okhuni phezu kwayo. I-Jingdezhen yayiyingxenye yesifunda sase-Fu Liang futhi yahlukaniswa yaba idolobha elihlukile ngemuva kuka-1949.
    * "Fu hong" (浮红) — igama elifushanisiwe letiye elibomvu lase-Fu Liang.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** E-Fu Liang kukhona udumo olubili eduze — i-porcelain yase-Jingdezhen, eyayihlala isesifundeni isikhathi eside, kanye nokuhweba ngetiye, okwabhalwa ngu-Bai Juyi.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:**

* **I-Hlobo / I-Cultivar:** I-hlobo lendawo — i-Fu Liang **槠[叶种](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qiaomuguanmu)** (*zhūyè zhǒng*). Ngokwesiko lalikhuliswa ngembewu; emibhalweni iphunga nokunambitheka kwe-fu hong kuxhunyaniswa nalolu phawu, kanti umsebenzi wesayensi ka-2024 ngamakha wamatiye abomvu ase-Jiangxi ubiza isampula yase-Fu Liang "njenge-population ye-zhuye" (浮梁槠叶群体). Ngeminyaka yowe-1950–1970, emapulazini amasha kwakutshalwa imbewu yezinhlobo ze-Ningzhou, Qimen kanye Jiukeng; kwakutshalwa futhi i-Fuding dahao, i-Fuan dabai, i-Fuyun 6, i-Fuyun 595, i-Zhuyeqi (槠叶齐) kanye ne-Anhui 3. Ngo-2002–2003 e-Xihu township emasimini amadala kwakhethwa izihlahla zakuqala ze-zhuye zokusetshenziswa kumamaki aphezulu, ngo-2003 kwalethwa i-Yinxiangzao, i-Wuniu zao, i-Xianyu zao kanye ne-Pingyang tezao. Ngokomunye wemibhalo, njengamanje esifundeni kutshalwa izinhlobo ezingaphezu kwamashumi amane, futhi umbhali ubona lokhu njengosongo ekunambithekeni kwendabuko, ngoba izinto zokusetshenziswa zetiye eliluhlaza ngezinye izikhathi ziyasetshenziselwa itiye elibomvu. Umthethonqubo we-GI wezolimo awusho izinhlobo ezithile: ukhetha izinhlobo eziphakathi nezincane zamaqabunga (中、小叶种) futhi weluleka ukutshala izinhlobo ezintathu kuya kwezine ezifanelekile ngesilinganiso esithile. Izidingo zika-2025 zibiza izinto zokusetshenziswa "njengezinhlobo zendawo eziphakathi nezincane zamaqabunga" (中、小叶种等当地[群体种](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qunti-zhong)) futhi ziyaleza ukwandiswa kwezihlahla ngokusika.
* **Ukuqoqwa:** Ngokwezidingo zika-2025 — kusukela ngoMashi kuya ku-Agasti: entwasahlobo kuqoqwa ihlumela elilodwa, amahlumela angeqabunga elilodwa, amabili kanye namathathu kanye neqabunga elithambile, ngemuva kwentwasahlobo — ngokwezindinganiso zetiye elijwayelekile (大宗茶). Emibhalweni yezokwaziswa izinhlobo zetiye eliluhlaza zihlukaniswa ngezikhathi: *gǔyǔ jiān* (谷雨尖) — amahlumela okuqala enkathi ye-Guyu, ekupheleni kuka-Ephreli; bese kuba "itiye elincane" kanye "nelimahhadlahhadla". Azikho izikhathi ezihlukile zetiye elibomvu emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Izinga lokuqoqwa:** Kwe-guyujian — amahlumela okuqala entwasahlobo; iziqu ziyasuswa. Kwetiye elibomvu le-gongfu izinga likazwelonke GB/T 13738.2, elibhekiselwa kulo elendawo, livumela amahlumela, amaqabunga kanye neziqu ezithambile. Umthethonqubo we-GI wezolimo uhlukanisa iqabunga elisha ngamazinga: kwe-elikhethekile (特级) — okungenani amaphesenti angama-80 amahlumela "ihlumela namahlamvu amabili", kwelokuqala — okungenani amaphesenti angama-50, ngaphezulu kukhula isabelo "samahlumela namahlamvu amathathu"; ukuqoqwa ngesandla (抓采) akuvunyelwe, iziqu namahlumela amadala awavunyelwe ezintweni zokusetshenziswa.
* **Izidingo zezinto zokusetshenziswa:** Imvelaphi evela ezingxenyeni eziyishumi nantathu zendawo. Ngokomthethonqubo we-GI amaqabunga athwalwa ngezitsha zikakhuni ezihlanzekile ezinomoya, engagxiliwe, futhi acutshungulwa ngosuku lokuqoqwa; izikhwama zepulasitiki nezendwangu azivunyelwe. Kwetiye elibomvu — ukuhambisana nezinga lendawo DB36/T 1028-2018.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** I-Fu Liang isenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Jiangxi, emngceleni nesifundazwe sase-Anhui. Isifunda siwela imifula i-Changjiang (昌江), i-Donghe kanye ne-Xihe; ngomfula i-Changjiang itiye lalihanjiswa ngokomlando.
* **Ukuphakama kokutshala:** Ukuphakama kwamasimu emithonjeni etholakele akushiwongo. Ngokomthethonqubo we-GI wezolimo, izintaba ezingaphezu kwamamitha angama-500 zithatha amaphesenti angama-41.7 endawo yesifunda, ukuphakama okungamamitha ayi-100–500 — amaphesenti angama-30.6, ngaphansi kwamamitha ayi-100 — amaphesenti angama-27.1; amasimu asezintabeni nasemagqumeni.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Ngokwalowo mthethonqubo — i-monsoon ephakathi ne-subtropical; izinga lokushisa lonyaka elimaphakathi lingu-14–17 °C, imvula ingu-1700–1900 mm ngonyaka, umswakama ohlobene ungu-79%, isikhathi esingenasithwathwa singama-247 ezinsuku. Ububanzi bendawo yokuvikela — 5500 ha.
* **Inhlabathi:** Ngokombhalo we-GI — ikakhulukazi inhlabathi ebomvu nenhlabathi ephuzi; izinto eziphilayo enhlabathini yemvelo zifinyelela ku-14.5%, i-pH 4.3–5.5.
* **Izici:** Umbhalo ubeka futhi ubuchwepheshe bezolimo. Ezintabeni amasimu enziwa amathala ngokuvundla, ukwehla kokutshala okusha akumele kudlule ama-25°, kanti emithambekeni ewumqansa kudingeka izakhiwo zokusekela. Izihlahla ezincane zilolongwa ngokuphungula ukuze zihlale ziphakeme ngamamitha angama-80–100. Abalimi bendawo banesisho: uthanda i-fu hong enhle — funa e-Yaoli, futhi enhle kakhulu e-Yaoli — evela esigodini sase-Neiwuji (内屋基). Lobu ubufakazi bezindaba, hhayi umthethonqubo.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

**Itiye elibomvu.** Imephu eningiliziwe yobuchwepheshe ye-fu hong emithonjeni evulekile ayikho. Izinga lendawo libhekisela ku-GB/T 13738.2 "Itiye elibomvu. Ingxenye 2: gongfu". Ngezansi — uhlelo olujwayelekile lwe-gongfu-hong ngokwezinga likazwelonke, hhayi imephu yobuchwepheshe yetiye lase-Fu Liang:

* **Ukuqothuka (萎凋 — *wěidiāo*):** Iqabunga lilahlekelwa umswakama futhi libe lithambile.
* **Ukusontwa (揉捻 — *róuniǎn*):** Iqabunga lisontwa libe yimicu emincane.
* **Ukuvutshelwa (发酵 — *fājiào*):** Ukufakwa kwe-oksijini kweqabunga ekufudumaleni nasemswakamani.
* **Ukomiswa (干燥 — *gānzào*):** Kuqinisa umphumela.
* **Ukuhlungwa nokuhlanganiswa (精制 — *jīngzhì*):** Ngokomlando izindlu zetiye ezidumile, futhi ngemuva kuka-1949 izimboni zikahulumeni zazihlanganisa izinto zokusetshenziswa ezivela ezintabeni ezahlukene ukuze kutholakale iphrofayili elinganiselayo elinemisindo yoju, yezimbali neyezithelo. Umbhali womunye wemibhalo uyazisola ukuthi lobu buciko bokuhlanganisa buyalahleka.

**Itiye eliluhlaza.** Umthethonqubo we-GI wezolimo unikeza uhlelo lokucubungula okuyisisekelo ngaphandle kwemingcele: iqabunga elisha → ukuqothula (杀青, *shāqīng*) → ukusontwa (揉捻, *róuniǎn*) → ukwakheka (做形, *zuòxíng*) → ukomiswa kokuqala (初干, *chūgān*) → ukomiswa kokugcina (再干, *zàigān*). Ukomisa kwendabuko kwe-workpiece (烘坯, *hōngpī*) — kumile, ekufudumaleni; umbhalo weluleka ukuthi lapho kungenzeka kufakwe umshini wokomisa, futhi lapho ungekho, uvumela ukuthi uthathelwe indawo yisigubhu esijikelezayo ngesivinini esiphakathi. Izidingo zika-2025 zibeka ukuhlakazwa kweqabunga elisha (摊青, *tānqīng*) ngaphambi kokuqothula. Kwe-guyujian incwadi yezokwaziswa ichaza ukucubungula ngesandla kanye nokomiswa okuncane ngomlilo ophansi. Amazinga okushisa nezikhathi emithonjeni etholakele akukho.

**6. Izici Zenzwa:**

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Elibomvu — imicu emincane eminyene eneziqongo, emnyama ngokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngokucwebezela. Eliluhlaza — ngokwencazelo yokubhaliswa kuka-2010 liminyene, lincane, liyindilinga futhi liqondile, liluhlaza njenge-emerald, uma limanzi linombala wegolide; endleleni yomkhakha — "njengezinaliti zikaphayini", umbala we-emerald jade. I-Guyujian — iqabunga eliminyene elincane, liluhlaza okotshani ngoboya obubonakalayo.
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Incazelo ehlukile ayikho. Indlela yomkhakha ibiza iphunga letiye elibomvu ngokuthi limnandi, ngaphandle kokucacisa ukuthi leli qabunga elomile noma ukumnika.
* **Iphunga lomncweliso:** Elibomvu — limnandi; ngokombhalo nge-fu hong, ukuhlanganiswa komlando kwakunikeza imisindo yoju, yezimbali neyezithelo. Eliluhlaza — ngokwencazelo yokubhaliswa linemisindo ye-chestnut neye-orchid; ngokwetafula yezinhlobo zomthethonqubo we-elite linemisindo ye-orchid, liphakeme futhi liqinile, kwelesibili — lihlanzekile futhi liqinile; endleleni yomkhakha — "njenge-orchid"; kwe-guyujian — lihlanzekile futhi lisha.
* **Ukunambitheka:** Elibomvu — lithambile futhi lihlanzekile. Eliluhlaza — ngokwencazelo yokubhaliswa lithambile futhi lisha, linomkhondo oqinile; endleleni yomkhakha — "umthombo omnandi"; kwe-guyujian — kusha futhi kuhlanzekile.
* **Umbala womncweliso:** Elibomvu — ubomvu ngokugqamile. Eliluhlaza — ngokwetafula yezinhlobo zomthethonqubo wento ekhethekile liluhlaza okotshani ngokuthambile futhi liyakhanya, kwelokuqala — liluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nocezu oluluhlaza futhi liyakhanya, kwaphansi — liluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nocezu oluluhlaza, likhanya ngokulingene; kwe-guyujian — lisobala.
* **Izansi letiye (iqabunga elisetshenzisiwe):** Eliluhlaza — ngokwencazelo yokubhaliswa liyakhanya; ngokwetafula yezinhlobo zamamaki amathathu aphezulu liphuzi ngokuthambile futhi lilingana; lohlobo lwe-"Fuyao xianzhi" — liphuzi ngokuthambile, liyakhanya, linoboya. Kwe-bomvu akukho datha.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Ngetiye eliluhlaza izidingo zika-2025 zibeka lezi zindinganiso ezilandelayo (izinombolo ezifanayo zisezintabeni zomthethonqubo ka-2010):

| Isibonakaliso | Isilinganiso |
| :--- | :--- |
| Umswakama | akukho ngaphezu kuka-6.5 % |
| Umlotha ophelele | akukho ngaphezu kuka-6.5 % |
| Izinto ezincibilikayo emanzini | akukho ngaphansi kuka-38 % |
| I-cellulose eluhlaza | akukho ngaphezu kuka-14 % we-elite ne-first grade, akukho ngaphezu kuka-16 % we-second kuya-fourth |

Umthethonqubo ka-2010 wengeza ukuthi izinto ezincibilikayo, ama-polyphenol nama-amino acid eteyini lase-Fu Liang maningi kunakwamanye; izinombolo zalokhu kuqhathanisa akazinikezi. Izibonakaliso zomzimba nezekhemikhali zetiye elibomvu zibekwa yi-DB36/T 1028-2018; umbhalo wezinga ngezinombolo emithonjeni etholakele awukho. Umsebenzi ka-2024 ufunda izinto eziguquguqukayo zamatiye abomvu ase-Jiangxi, kuhlanganise ne-Fu Liang zhuye population; izinombolo zesampula yase-Fu Liang azinikezwanga lapha.

**8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:**

Imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngokusebenza kwetiye lase-Fu Liang ngqo ayikho. Izitatimende ezijwayelekile ngezinzuzo zetiye elibomvu neliluhlaza azinikezwanga lapha.

**9. Ukunambitheka:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Izincwadi ezihlukile kumibhalo ye-GI azikho; ngezansi — imingcele ejwayelekile yetiye elibomvu neliluhlaza.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** Elibomvu — cishe ngu-95 °C; eliluhlaza — 80–85 °C.
* **Ubuningi betiye:** Elibomvu — cishe amagremu ama-3 nge-150 ml; eliluhlaza — amagremu ama-3 nge-150 ml.
* **Izitsha:** Kwelibomvu — i-gaiwan emhlophe ye-porcelain noma iketela; kweliluhlaza — ingilazi yeglasi.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Ukufudumeza izitsha.
    2. Ukubeka itiye.
    3. Elibomvu — ukumanzisa kafushane iqabunga ngamanzi ashisayo, bese uthela; eliluhlaza — qala ngokuthela amanzi amancane, vumela iqabunga livuleke.
    4. Elibomvu ukulimuma kusukela kumasekhondi angama-30 ku-gaiwan kuya kwimizuzu emi-3–5 eketeleni elikhulu; eliluhlaza — imizuzu eyi-1–2.
    5. Ukuthela.
    6. Ukuphindaphinda okubili kuya kune kokuthela ngokungeza isikhathi.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Elibomvu — ngokupakishwa okuqinile, endaweni eyomile epholile emnyama, ngaphandle kwephunga. Eliluhlaza — ngokupakishwa okuvalekile esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C. Womabili amatiye — yimikhiqizo yesizini; ukuguga akudingeki kuwo.

**11. Intengo kanye Nokukhwabanisa:**

Imininingwane ngezintengo emithonjeni etholakele ayikho.

* **Ukwazi ukugwema ukukhwabanisa:**
    * Funa uphawu olukhethekile lophawu lwendawo noma uphawu lokuqinisekisa lwe-"浮梁茶" (No. 4839222).
    * Hlola ukuthi umkhiqizi usohlwini lwabavunyelwe uphawu.
    * Kwelibomvu — ukuhambisana ne-DB36/T 1028-2018 ekupakisheni.
    * Ukukhwabanisa kuyenzeka: ngo-2022 iziphathimandla zesifunda zathatha ngaphezu kwenkulungwane yamaphakethe esipho kanye namabhokisi angaphezu kwamakhulu amane amakani kapulasitiki anophawu olungekho emthethweni lwe-"浮梁茶" futhi zadlulisela icala emaphoyiseni.
    * Indlela ethembekile yenzwa yokuhlukanisa itiye lase-Fu Liang kwamanye ase-Jiangxi nase-Anhui emithonjeni ayikho, ngakho imibhalo yokupakisha ibaluleke ngaphezu kokunambitheka.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Umugqa ka-Bai Juyi wonke — "商人重利轻别离，前月浮梁买茶去": umthengisi, obheka inzuzo ngaphezu kokuhlukana, ngenyanga edlule waya e-Fu Liang eyothenga itiye.
* Ngokomthethonqubo we-GI, kuze kube maphakathi ne-Tang itiye e-Fu Liang lalingacutshungulwa, kodwa laliphuzwa liphekwe ngeqabunga elisha, njengesobho (生羹汤饮).
* Ihlathi, ngokwalowo mbhalo, limboza amaphesenti angama-79.4 wendawo yesifunda.
* Ngaphandle kwesiqu "sekhaya letiye elibomvu laseChina" (1997), uMnyango Wezolimo ngo-2007 wafaka i-Fu Liang phakathi kwezifunda ezakhiwayo eziyisibonelo zezwe ngokumiswa kwetiye.

**13. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiye:**

* **Qi Men Hong Cha ([祁门红茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qimen-hongcha)):** Itiye lesifunda esingumakhelwane ngaphesheya kwesifundazwe, e-Anhui. Ngokolunye ushicilelo, ngo-1915 itiye elibomvu lase-Fu Liang laliya emakethe ngaphansi kwegama le-Qimen. I-Qimen — ine-"phunga le-qimen" elidumile; i-fu hong, ngokombhalo, — inephrofayili ye-honey-floral yokuhlanganisa.
* **Wu Yuan Lücha ([婺源绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/wuyuan-lucha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lase-Jiangxi elingumakhelwane; ngesikhathi se-Tang nalo lalihanjiswa ngemakethe yase-Fu Liang.
* **Yao Li Nenrui ([瑶里嫩蕊](https://thetea.app/zu/article/yaoli-nenrui)):** Itiye eliluhlaza ledolobhana lase-Yaoli ngaphakathi kwe-Fu Liang elinomkhiqizo walo we-GI wango-2008. I-Fu Liang Cha — igama lesambulela lesifunda, i-Yaoli Nenrui — igama elikhethekile ledolobhana elilodwa.
* **Ninghong Gong Fu ([宁红工夫](https://thetea.app/zu/article/ninghong-gong-fu)):** Elinye itiye elibomvu elidumile lase-Jiangxi, elivela e-Xiushui County (修水县).
* **Fuyao Xianzhi (浮瑶仙芝):** Uhlobo lwetiye eliluhlaza lwe-Fu Liang ngokwayo, olwaklonyeliswa ngo-1991 e-Hangzhou Tea Culture Festival; ngaye ku-encyclopedia kukhona i-athikili ehlukile.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Fu Liang Cha — itiye elinomlando omude wokuhweba obhaliwe. Isifunda, lapho, ngokomugqa ka-Bai Juyi, umthengisi wayehamba eyothenga itiye, sadlula endleleni esuka emakethe yase-Tang saya endondweni ka-1915 kanye nasezindleleni ezintathu zanamuhla zokuvikela. Ngaphansi kwegama elilodwa lapha kuhlala amatiye amabili: itiye elibomvu i-fu hong elinephrofayili ye-honey-floral yokuhlanganisa kanye neliluhlaza elinephunga le-orchid. Ubuchwepheshe betiye elibomvu imithombo evulekile ibuchaza kuphela ngohlelo olujwayelekile, itiye eliluhlaza linohlelo lokucubungula kanye nezindinganiso zemibhalo yokuvikela; umlando wemakethe kanye ne-population yendawo ye-zhuye yenza leli gama libe nesisekelo esiqinile.