---
title: "Fùlì chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/fuli-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Fùlì chá (复立茶)

**UFuli Cha** (*Fùlì chá*, 复立茶) itiye eliluhlaza lasedolobhaneni iXiaohe esifundeni iWeiyuan (威远县) esifundeni esikhulu saseNeijiang esifundazweni iSichuan. Igama lithathwe egameni elidala lendawo: idolobhana lamanje iXiaohe ngaphambilini laliyindawo yokuhweba iFuli (复立场). Ibanga eliphezulu kakhulu lenziwa libe isicaba, amabanga aphansi enziwa asontekile; imibhalo ichaza iphunga le-castnut kanye nokunambitheka okuthambile. Igama livikelwe njengophawu lwendawo kusukela ngo-2010.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*). Isicaciso sichaza ubuchwepheshe obuluhlaza — ukulungisa, ukusonteka, ukomisa — ngaphandle kwe-oxidation.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye eliluhlaza elidumile laseSichuan (名优茶, *míngyōuchá*): lisicaba ebangeni eliphezulu kakhulu, lisontekile kwamanye amabanga; umkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo.
* **Imvelaphi:** IChina, isifundazwe iSichuan (四川, *Sìchuān*), isifunda esikhulu saseNeijiang (内江, *Nèijiāng*), isifunda iWeiyuan (威远, *Wēiyuǎn*), idolobhana iXiaohe (小河镇, *Xiǎohé zhèn*).
* **Indawo evikelwe:** Imizana engu-15 yedolobhana iXiaohe — iPutao, iTechang, iSanhe, iYumai, iQinglan, iXingu, iNianzi, iXintong, iDayan, iXiaohe, iKaiyuan, iPingle, iSanyang, iPaifang neMinzhi — kanye namapulazi etiye angu-11 (茶场). Ubukhulu bendawo evikelwe, ngokwesicaciso sika-2010, bungamahektha angu-2254, umthamo wokukhiqiza ungamathani angu-5000.
* **Izixhumanisi zokuma:** 29°34′05,8″–29°40′50,3″ enyakatho kanye no-104°17′09,9″–104°22′27,9″ empumalanga.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **583 no-591.** Ngokwesicaciso, ngesikhathi sobukhosi bakwaSui ngo-583 kwamiswa lapha ibutho laseWeiyuan (威远戍), kwathi ngo-591 kwamiswa isifunda iWeiyuan.
    * **Izinganekwane.** Isicaciso silandisa njengenganekwane indaba yokuthi ngo-1242 umbusi waseSichuan wangaleso sikhathi uYu Jie (余玠) wayala ukuba kuqoqwe itiye entabeni iFuli futhi kuphekwe ngayo umhluzi oqinile. Ubufakazi bombhalo balokhu nakwezinye izinganekwane zesicaciso abukho emibhalweni etholakele.
    * **Umbhalo kaZhao Xi.** Ngokwawo lo mbhalo, umbhali wezincwadi wokuphela kobukhosi bakwaQing kuya ekuqaleni kweRiphabhuliki uZhao Xi (赵熙), edlula endaweni yokuhweba iFuli, washiya umbhalo othi «复立茶树» — «izihlahla zetiye zaseFuli».
    * **2000.** Ngokwesicaciso — indondo yegolide embukisweni wetiye wamazwe ngamazwe eChengdu; lapho futhi kuthiwa itiye «lifakwe ohlwini lwamatiye ayishumi nantathu adumile ezweni», kodwa ukuthi ubani owakha lolu hlu, akuchaziwe.
    * **2010.** Ngo-15 Novemba uMnyango Wezolimo waseChina ngesimemezelo esingu-No. 1478 wabhalisa iFuli Cha njengomkhiqizo wezolimo onophawu lwendawo (农产品地理标志).
    * **2025.** Ihhovisi likazwelonke lempahla yobuhlakani ngesimemezelo esingu-No. 646 (sango-23 Septemba) laqaphela iFuli Cha njengomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo — phakathi kwamagama angu-870. Umfakisicelo — inhlangano yendawo yabalimi betiye (威远复立茶[叶种](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qiaomuguanmu)植农民专业合作社).
* **Igama:** «Fuli» (复立) yigama elidala lendawo: indawo yokuhweba eyaba idolobhana iXiaohe, nentaba inganekwane eyibiza ngentaba iFuli.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Ngokwesicaciso, leli tiye liphiswa izivakashi ezihlonishwayo futhi liyaphiwa; isifunda sifake imboni yetiye ohlelweni lwentuthuko lweminyaka emihlanu yeshumi nanye, senza umkhosi wokukha itiye nemincintiswano yochwepheshe.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Nempahla Eluhlaza:**

* **Izinhlobo / Ama-cultivar:** UFuding Dabai (福鼎大白, *Fúdǐng dàbái*), uMingshan 131 (名山131, *Míngshān 131*) noFuxuan No. 9 (福选9号, *Fúxuǎn 9 hào*) «nezinye» izinhlobo.
* **Impahla eluhlaza:** Ngokwezimfuneko zika-2025 — imiqumbe yasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo eyodwa (独芽, *dúyá*) evela ezingadini eziphakeme. Ithebula lamabanga lika-2010 lichaza impahla eluhlaza ngendlela ehlukile: ibanga lokuqala — umqumbe oneqabunga elilodwa, elesibili — umqumbe onamaqabunga amabili, elesithathu — umqumbe onamaqabunga amabili asanda kuvuleka, elesine — umqumbe onamaqabunga amathathu avuliwe. Ukuthi lokhu kuhlangana kanjani «nemiqumbe eyodwa», imibhalo ayichazi.
* **Ukuqala kokukha:** Lapho esikwele-mitha ngasinye sendawo yesihlahla sinemiqumbe evamile engu-10–15. Kukhiwa ekuseni ngokucacile, kubekwa esitsheni soqalo.
* **Isikhathi sokukha:** «Intwasahlobo yokuqala»; izinsuku eziqondile azikho emithonjeni etholakele.

**4. I-Terroir Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Ingxenye eseningizimu-maphakathi yesigodi saseSichuan. Isikhungo sendawo eyidome enezintaba (穹窿山形地貌): izintaba, imifantu, amahlathi aminyene.
* **Inhlabathi:** Enombala ophuzi (黄壤), ubumba olupholile olunesihlabathi nophuzi (冷沙黄泥) nobumba olumpunga-nsundu (灰棕泥); i-loam elula nephakathi, i-asidi encane, enongqimba olujulile oluvundlile noluxegayo nenani elikhulu lezinto eziphilayo.
* **Amanzi:** Ezadini kugeleza umfula iYuexi (越溪河, *Yuèxī hé*); izingadi zisemifuleni, endaweni engenakungcola kwezimboni; i-pH yamanzi omfula nawomhlabathi ingu-5,5–7,5.
* **Isimo sezulu:** I-subtropical monsoon: izinga lokushisa lonyaka elijwayelekile lingu-17,9 °C, amahora elanga angu-1192 ngonyaka, imvula engaphezu kuka-1000 mm, isikhathi esingenasithwathwa singaphezu kwezinsuku ezingama-330, umehluko omkhulu wokushisa phakathi kwemini nobusuku.
* **Ukuphakama:** Imibhalo ikhuluma «ngezingadi eziphakeme»; amanani awakho emithonjeni etholakele.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Ubuchwepheshe buchazwa ngokuningiliziwe yisicaciso sika-2010; impahla eluhlaza ngaphambi kokucutshungulwa ihlelwa ngamabanga.

*Ibanga eliphezulu kakhulu — itiye elisicaba:*

1.  **Ukugazinga kokuqala (青锅, *qīngguō*):** Isitsha sika-180–200 °C; phakathi kwezindlela zezandla — ukunyakazisa, ukubeka, ukucindezela, ukuhlikihla, ukuphonsa, ukubamba nokwelula (抖、搭、捺、拓、甩、扣、挺). Izigaba ezintathu: imizuzu engu-3–4 yokunyakazisa, imizuzu engu-2–3 yokunyakazisa nokuhlikihla, bese kucindezelwa nokuhlikihla, kuze kube yilapho iqabunga liba isicaba ngokuswakama okungu-20–25 %.
2.  **Ukuphumula:** Imizuzu engu-40–60; bese iqabunga lihlungwa libe izingxenye ezintathu.
3.  **Ukugazinga kwesibili (辉锅, *huīguō*):** Ingxenye ngayinye ngokwehlukana: isitsha sika-60–80 °C, lapho kuvela uboya — 80–90 °C, lapho uboya buqala ukuwa, futhi iqabunga lijiya — 50–60 °C.

*Amanye amabanga — itiye elisontekile:*

1.  **Ukendlalwa (摊青, *tānqīng*).**
2.  **Ukulungisa (杀青, *shāqīng*):** Isitsha sika-200–220 °C, amagremu angu-200–250 eqabunga, iqabunga lisheshe lifudunyezwe lifinyelele ku-80 °C; kugazingwa ngokunyakazisa, kuze kube yilapho iqabunga liba mnyama futhi isiqu singagoba ngaphandle kokuphuka.
3.  **Ukusonteka (揉捻, *róuniǎn*):** «Kancane — ngamandla — kancane», isikhathi esiphelele imizuzu engu-1–2.
4.  **Ukomisa kancane (烘青, *hōngqīng*):** 90–110 °C, ungqimba olungaba ngu-1 cm.
5.  **Ukubumba nokukhipha uboya (整形提毫, *zhěngxíng tíháo*):** Isitsha cishe sika-100 °C, ukulungisa ukusonteka — cishe 70 °C.
6.  **Ukomisa okuphelele (烘干, *hōnggān*):** «Phezulu — phansi — phezulu», kuze kube ukuswakama okungu-5–6 %.

**6. Izici Zokunambitheka:**

Imibhalo ka-2010 neka-2025 ichaza itiye ngendlela ehlukile; zombili zinikeziwe.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Lisicaba, liqondile, lilingana (扁直匀齐), liluhlaza ngokucwebezela okunamafutha (绿润). Ibanga lokuqala — liphuzi ngobumnene ngokucwebezela, umqumbe ngamunye unoboya (嫩黄油润、全芽有毫).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Incazelo ehlukile ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lomhluzi:** I-castnut, eligcwele nelihlala isikhathi eside (栗香浓郁持久); imibhalo ayicacisi ukuthi eleqabunga elomile noma lomhluzi.
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kuthambile futhi kugcwele (醇厚) — ngo-2010; kusha, kuthambile, kunoshukela (鲜醇味甘) — ngo-2025. Itiye likwazi ukumelana nokuchitheka okuningi (耐冲泡).
* **Umbala womhluzi:** Uluhlaza ngobumnene, ukhanya (嫩绿亮) — ngo-2010; uluhlaza okhanyayo, obala (淡绿清流) — ngo-2025. Ithebula lamabanga linikeza umhluzi ophuzi-luhlaza okhanyayo emabangeni amabili aphezulu.
* **Izindle zetiye (iqabunga eselichithiwe):** Ziluhlaza ngobumnene, zikhanya (嫩绿明亮) — kuyo yomibili imibhalo.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Izinkomba zesicaciso sika-2010, eziphindwe ezimfunekweni zika-2025:

| Inkomba | Isidingo |
| :--- | :--- |
| Ama-polyphenol etiye | okungenani u-13,5 % |
| Ushukela oncibilikayo | okungenani u-1,0 % |
| I-caffeine | okungenani u-0,1 g nge-100 g |

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imibhalo ikhuluma ngokuqukethwe «okulingene» kwe-selenium kanye «nokunotha» kwama-amino acid, ngaphandle kwamanani. Iyunithi ye-caffeine inikezwe njengoba injalo emibhalweni.

**8. Izinzuzo Zempilo:**

Abukho ubufakazi obuqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye uqobo. Izithembiso zokwelapha zezincwadi zezinkomba aziphindwa lapha: azinikezi ucwaningo.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wekilasi letiye eliluhlaza.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** amagremu angu-3 nge-150 ml.
* **Isitsha:** Ingilazi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Fudumeza isitsha.
    2. Beka itiye bese uthela amanzi eceleni kodonga.
    3. Ukuchitheka kokuqala — ngemva kwemizuzwana engu-40–60.
    4. Phuza, ushiya ingxenye yomhluzi, bese ungeza amanzi.
    5. Ukuphindaphinda kabili noma kathathu.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wekilasi. Epaketheni elivaleke ngokuphelele, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, ukuswakama nephunga; kungcono ukuphuzwa phakathi nonyaka.

**11. Intengo Nokukhwabanisa:**

Imininingwane ngezintengo ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Ukwazigwema ukukhwabanisa:**
    * Bheka uphawu lwendawo: lungasetshenziswa kuphela umkhiqizi osendaweni evikelwe onemvume, egunyazwa yihhovisi likazwelonke lempahla yobuhlakani.
    * Qinisekisa ukuthi itiye lenziwe edolobhaneni iXiaohe esifundeni iWeiyuan.
    * Bheka ilebula: isicaciso sidinga ukuba kubhalwe ibanga.
    * Iqabunga elisontekile akulona ukukhwabanisa, kodwa ibanga eliphansi lalelo tiye elifanayo.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Indawo evikelwe ifana nedolobhana elilodwa nje: imizana engu-15 namapulazi etiye angu-11.
* Igama letiye linikezwe igama elingasekho ebalazweni: indawo yokuhweba iFuli yaba idolobhana iXiaohe.
* Isicaba senziwa kuphela ebangeni eliphezulu kakhulu; kwamanye amabanga amathathu isicaciso sichaza ubuchwepheshe obuhlukile, obusontekayo.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa Namanye Amatiye:**

* **IXihu Longjing ([西湖龙井](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xihu-longjing)):** Itiye elisicaba laseHangzhou; izigaba zokugazinga kokuqala nokwesibili esicacisweni seFuli Cha zibizwa ngamagama afanayo — 青锅 ne辉锅.
* **IZhuyeqing ([竹叶青](https://thetea.app/zu/article/zhu-ye-qing)):** Itiye eliluhlaza elisicaba eligazingiwe lentaba i-Emei esifundazweni esifanayo.
* **IRongxian Lücha ([荣县绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/rongxian-lucha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda esingumakhelwane iRongxian esifundeni esikhulu saseZigong, lapho indawo yeFuli Cha inomngcele eningizimu.

**Ekuphetheni:**

UFuli Cha itiye eliluhlaza ledolobhana elilodwa eningizimu-maphakathi neSichuan. Imibhalo ngalo inemininingwane engavamile — kuze kufike ekushiseni kwesitsha esigabeni ngasinye. Ibanga eliphezulu elisicaba elinephunga le-castnut kanye namabanga aphansi asontekile — itiye elifanayo, futhi igama lalo linikezwe indawo yokuhweba iFuli enganyekile ebalazweni.