---
title: "Fújiàn wūlóngchá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/fujian-wulongcha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Fújiàn wūlóngchá (福建乌龙茶)

**I-Fujian Wulongcha** (*Fújiàn wūlóngchá*, 福建乌龙茶) yigeographical indication eyisambulela yewulong yesifundazwe saseFujian. Ngaphansi kwayo kuhlanganiswe izifunda ezingamashumi amathathu nanhlanu, izifunda zasemadolobheni kanye nezindawo, kusukela e-Anxi naseZhaoan eningizimu kuya eWuyishan naseShouning enyakatho. Umbhalo uhlukanisa umkhiqizo ngezinhlobo ezine, iwulong yaseningizimu ethiwa yi-shezhong kanye neyi-southern Tieguanyin, neyi-northern wulong kanye neyi-northern Shuixian (闽南色种, 闽南[铁观音](https://thetea.app/zu/article/tie-guanyin), 闽北乌龙, 闽北[水仙](https://thetea.app/zu/article/shui-xian)). Legama livikelwe kusukela ngo-2007, kwathi ngo-2009 lakhishelwa izinga lesifundazwe. Ngaphezu kwalesi sambulela kusebenza amagama azimele, anjenge-安溪铁观音, [武夷岩茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/wuyi-yancha), 永春[佛手](https://thetea.app/zu/article/fo-shou), [漳平水仙](https://thetea.app/zu/article/zhangping-shui-xian) kanye namanye.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nendabuko:**

* **Uhlobo:** Iwulong (乌龙茶, *wūlóngchá*), evutshelwe ingxenye: iqabunga liyanyakaziswa, imiphetho i-oxidize ingxenye, bese liyalungiswa. Isigaba sivezwa egameni laso.
* **Isigaba:** Isambulela segeographical indication yesifundazwe; umkhiqizo onegeographical indication (2007) enezinga lesifundazwe elithi DB35/T 943—2009.
* **Indabuko:** I-China, isifundazwe sase-Fujian (福建, *Fújiàn*).
* **Indawo evikelwe:** Amayunithi angamashumi amathathu nanhlanu ngokohlu lukahulumeni wesifundazwe: i-Anxi, i-Yongchun, i-Nan'an, i-Dehua, i-Tong'an, i-Zhaoan, i-Nanjing, i-Pinghe, i-Changtai, i-Hua'an, i-Yunxiao, i-Zhangpu, i-Longhai, i-Zhangping, i-Changting, i-Xinluo, i-Datian, i-Youxi, i-Shaxian, i-Yong'an, i-Minqing, i-Ninghua, i-Qingliu, i-Xianyou, i-Minhou, i-Yongtai, i-Lianjiang, i-Wuyishan, i-Jian'ou, i-Jianyang, i-Zhenghe, i-Shouning, i-Fu'an, i-Zhouning kanye ne-Jiaocheng. Uhlu lungokomshicilelo wombhalo wesimemezelo.
* **Ama-coordinate ezindawo:** Isifundazwe sase-Fujian cishe singu-23.5–28.3° enyakatho kanye no-115.8–120.7° empumalanga.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **2007.** I-General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (AQSIQ) ngesimemezelo esingu-No. 33 yathatha «福建乌龙茶» njengomkhiqizo onegeographical indication ukuze uvikelwe. Ngokwemibiko yabezindaba bezimboni, ukuvikelwa kusebenze kusukela mhla ziyi-14 kuNhlolanja 2007; ngesikhathi esifanayo kwavikelwa netiye elibomvu lase-Fu'an [坦洋工夫](https://thetea.app/zu/article/tanyang-gong-fu) njengegama elihlukile.
    * **2009.** Isifundazwe sakhipha izinga elithi **DB35/T 943—2009 «地理标志产品 福建乌龙茶»** (elishicilelwe mhla zingama-26 kuNhlaba, laqala ukusebenza mhla zingama-30 kuNhlaba). Ababhali yi-Fujian Provincial Institute of Standardization, i-Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University kanye ne-National Tea Quality Supervision and Inspection Center (Fujian). Izinga lichaza indawo, ukuhlukaniswa komkhiqizo, izidingo, izindlela zokuhlola, ukumakwa, ukupakishwa, ukuthuthwa kanye nokugcinwa.
    * **Namuhla.** Leli gama liseqoqweni lesifundazwe lemikhiqizo ye-GI evikelwe yase-Fujian.
* **Igama:**
    * «Fujian» (福建) yigama lesifundazwe.
    * «Wulongcha» (乌龙茶, *wūlóngchá*) lisho «itiye likadrako omnyama», igama lesigaba.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Imithombo yezindaba yezimboni ngo-2007 yabiza i-Fujian Wulongcha njengomkhiqizo onendawo yokuvikelwa ebanzi kunayo yonke, inani elikhulu kunawo wonke lezinhlobo, kanye nomthelela omkhulu kunawo wonke phakathi kwemikhiqizo evikelwe e-China ngaleso sikhathi. Igama eliyisambulela livumela abakhiqizi abavela emayunithi angamashumi amathathu nanhlanu ukuthi babonise uphawu olujwayelekile lapho isifunda sabo singenalo igama laso.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenzwa:**

* **Izinhlobo / Ama-Cultivar:** Ngokwesimemezelo, izinhlobo ezifanele iwulong yase-Fujian: izinhlobo zewulong ezigunyazwe ikhomishini kazwelonke noma yesifundazwe yezinhlobo, kanye nezihlahla eziqokiwe zase-Wuyishan, okungukuthi **[大红袍](https://thetea.app/zu/article/da-hong-pao)** (*dàhóngpáo*), **[铁罗汉](https://thetea.app/zu/article/tie-luohan)** (*tiěluóhàn*), **[白鸡冠](https://thetea.app/zu/article/bai-ji-guan)** (*báijīguān*), **[水金龟](https://thetea.app/zu/article/shui-jin-gui)** (*shuǐjīnguī*), kanye nezihlahla zasendaweni zase-Wuyishan ezibizwa nge-«caicha» (武夷菜茶).
* **Izithombo:** Izindlela zokuphindaphinda kuphela: izithombo eziphilile zonyaka owodwa ezisatshalaliswe ngezimbewu.
* **Ukuvuna:** Ngamaqoqo, njengoba ihlumela livuthwa; izinkathi zonyaka azizange ziqanjwe embhalweni otholakele.
* **Indinganiso yokuvuna:** Lapho ihlumela eliphezulu limile ekukhuleni (驻芽), kuvunwa ihlumela kusukela «ekuvulekeni okuncane» kuya «ekuvulekeni okukhulu» kweqabunga (小开面至大开面).
* **Izidingo zezinto zokusetshenzwa:** Amaqabunga avela emayunithi angamashumi amathathu nanhlanu endawo.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Amagquma nezintaba zesifundazwe sase-Fujian ngaphakathi kwamayunithi angamashumi amathathu nanhlanu endawo.
* **Inhlabathi:** Ngokwesimemezelo, inhlabathi ebomvu-nephuzi yamagquma nezintaba ene-pH engu-**4.0–6.5**, endaweni enesimo sezemvelo esihle.
* **Ukutshala nokunakekela:** Kutshalwa kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya kuNdasa, ngosuku oluguqubele ngemuva kwemvula; ubuningi bungaba **izitshalo ezingu-30,000–90,000 ngehektha**. Umhlabathi uyalinywa ngesikhathi futhi kususwe ukhula, kuvundiswa ikakhulukazi ngemvelo, uma kunesidingo kuthuthukiswa ngomhlabathi olethwayo, futhi izihlahla ziyathenwa ngesikhathi.
* **Ukuphakama nesimo sezulu:** Azikho izidingo ezijwayelekile esimemezelweni; amagama azimele angaphakathi endaweni abeka awakhe.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Ngokwesimemezelo, uchungechunge lokucwaninga kokuqala lumi kanje: iqabunga elisha → ukuphola emthunzini noma ukubuna elangeni → ukunyakazisa okushintshaniswa nokuphumula → ukulungisa → ukusonga (noma ukusonga ngendwangu) → ukomisa → itiye elingahluziwe (毛茶). Imingcele yemisebenzi ayizange ivezwe engxenyeni yombhalo etholakele.

* **Ukuphola noma ukubuna (晾青 — *liàngqīng*, [晒青](https://thetea.app/zu/article/shai-qing) — *shàiqīng*):** Iqabunga lilahlekelwa ingxenye yomswakama emthunzini noma elangeni.
* **Ukunyakazisa (摇青 — *yáoqīng*) nokuphumula (摊青 — *tānqīng*):** Kuyashintshana; kulo msebenzi imiphetho yamaqabunga iyalimala futhi i-oxidize ingxenye.
* **Ukulungisa (杀青 — *shāqīng*):** Kumisa i-oxidation.
* **Ukusonga (揉捻 — *róuniǎn*) noma ukusonga ngendwangu (包揉 — *bāoróu*).**
* **Ukoma (烘焙 — *hōngbèi*).**

Ukucwaninga itiye eselilungile ngokwesimemezelo: ukuhlanganisa amaqoqo → ukukhetha ngesandla → ukusefa → ukupephetha → ukuphinda kufudumale → ukuphola → ukuxuba → ukupakisha.

**6. Izici Zokuzwa Ngezitho Zomzimba:**

Ifomula evamile yesimemezelo sayo yonke leligama inikezwe ngezansi ngokwezigaba; ngayinye yezinhlobo ezine inethebula layo elinezilinganiso ezine zekhwalithi, kusukela kwephakeme kakhulu kuya kwesithathu.

* **Isimo seqabunga elomile:** Ukusongeka okuqinile noma okukhulu nokuminyene (紧卷或壮实); umbala othi «oluhlaza-sihlabathini» onamafutha noma omnyama onamafutha (砂绿油润、乌润); iqabunga lihlanzekile futhi lilingana. Ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu le-southern Tieguanyin, kukhona ukusongeka okukhulu, okuyindilinga, nokusindayo; e-northern wulong kukhona okukhulu, okuminyene, nokumnyama.
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Alizange lichazwe ngokwehlukana; imininingwane ayitholakali emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lotshwala obusetshenziswayo:** Iphunga lezimbali eliminyene (花香浓郁), elinezici ezicacile zohlobo.
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kuminyene, kuthambile, kuqabulayo, nokubuya okumnandi (醇厚鲜爽回甘). Ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu le-southern Tieguanyin, ithebula lengeza «yinyun» (音韵), okuwukuzwakala okukhethekile kohlobo ekunambithekeni.
* **Umbala wotshwala:** Osawolintshi-nophuzi noma osawolintshi-obomvu (橙黄或橙红). Ezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu lezinhlobo zaseningizimu, usagolide futhi obala, kanti eziyakuthi zasenyakatho, usawolintshi-obomvu futhi obala.
* **Izinqa zetiye (iqabunga eseliphekwe):** Lithambile, licwebezela, lilingana, linomphetho obomvu ogqamile (软亮、匀齐、显红边).

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Azikho izindinganiso ze-physicochemical engxenyeni etholakalayo yomshicilelo wesimemezelo; umbhalo wezinga awuvulekanga emithonjeni etholakele.

**8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela we-Fujian wulong njengegama.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba sewulong. Azikho izincomo ezihlukile embhalweni.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 95–100 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 6–8 g ku-110–150 ml.
* **Imbiza:** Igaiwan noma imbiza encane yobumba.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Fudumeza imbiza.
    2. Beka itiye.
    3. Ligeze ngokushesha ngamanzi ashisayo bese uwachithe.
    4. Ukuphisa kokuqala kube imizuzwana engu-10–20; iqabunga elisongwe ngokuqinile livuleka kancane kancane.
    5. Thela ngokuphelele.
    6. Ukuphisa okuphindaphindiwe nokwengeza isikhathi.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba sewulong. Emaphaketheni avaliwe, endaweni epholile, emnyama, neyomile, ngaphandle kwamaphunga angaphandle. Amaqoqo akhanyayo, ashiswe kancane agcinwa endaweni ebandayo; lawo amnyama ashiswe kakhulu akwazi ukuhlala ekamelweni elijwayelekile.

**11. Intengo kanye Nokukhwabanisa:**

Ayikho imininingwane yamanani etholakalayo ngegama eliyisambulela: ngaphansi kwalo kuthengiswa amatiye ezinhlobo ezahlukene, izinhlobo, kanye nezifunda.

* **Indlela yokugwema ukukhwabanisa:**
    * Bheka uphawu lwegeographical indication kanye nomkhiqizi ovela kwelinye lamayunithi angamashumi amathathu nanhlanu endawo.
    * Khumbula ukuthi isambulela asilingani negama elizimele: umbhalo othi «福建乌龙茶» ephaketheni awusho ukuthi yi-Tieguanyin yase-Anxi noma itiye lamatshe lase-Wuyishan.
    * Bheka ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo kwezine olubhalwe ephaketheni, bese uqhathanisa ukubukeka kwalo nakho: i-southern Tieguanyin inokusongeka okuyindilinga nokusindayo kanye notshwala obusagolide, kanti izinhlobo zasenyakatho zinokusongeka okumnyama nokukhulu kanye notshwala obusawolintshi-obomvu.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Igama elilodwa lihlanganisa amayunithi okuphatha angamashumi amathathu nanhlanu esifundazwe.
* Embhalweni wokuvikelwa kushiwo ngamagama izihlahla ezine zase-Wuyishan, okuyi-Da Hong Pao, i-Tie Luohan, i-Bai Jiguan kanye ne-Shui Jingui.
* Ngayinye yezinhlobo ezine zomkhiqizo inesikali sayo sezilinganiso ezine zekhwalithi.
* Izinga lika-2009 lishicilelwe futhi laqala ukusebenza ngomehluko wezinsuku ezine.

**13. Ukuqhathanisa Namanye Ama-Wulong:**

* **I-Tieguanyin (铁观音):** Itiye eliyinhloko lengxenye eseningizimu yendawo; i-Anxi inegeographical indication yayo ethi 安溪铁观音.
* **I-Da Hong Pao (大红袍) kanye namatiye amatshe ase-Wuyishan:** Ingxenye esenyakatho yendawo; itiye lamatshe lase-Wuyishan linendinganiso yalo ethi GB/T 18745.
* **I-Zhangping Shuixian (漳平水仙):** Iwulong yesifunda sase-Zhangping, esingaphakathi kwendawo, enegama layo elizimele.
* **I-Dancong (单丛):** Igatsha lase-Guangdong lewulong, elingaphandle kwesifundazwe naleli gama.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Fujian Wulongcha akulona itiye elilodwa, kodwa wuphawu lwesifundazwe oluhlanganisa izifunda ezingamashumi amathathu nanhlanu kanye nezinhlobo ezine zewulong, ezimbili zaseningizimu nezimbili zasenyakatho. Umbhalo ubeka okufanayo kubo bonke: izinhlobo zewulong ezifanele kanye nezihlahla eziqokiwe zase-Wuyishan, inhlabathi ebomvu-nephuzi, ukuvuna ihlumela elivulekile, ukunyakazisa nokuphumula, iphunga lezimbali, kanye neqabunga elinomphetho obomvu. Ngemininingwane ethile, bheka e-Anxi, e-Wuyishan, e-Yongchun nase-Zhangping.