---
title: "Fú'ān lǜchá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/fu-an-lucha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Fú'ān lǜchá (福安绿茶)

**UFuan Lücha** (*Fú'ān lǜchá*, [福安](https://thetea.app/zu/article/fuan)绿茶) itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda sasedolobheni iFuan (福安市) esifundeni saseNingde enyakatho-mpumalanga yesifundazwe saseFujian, emngceleni neZhejiang. IFuan idume kakhulu ngetiye elibomvu iTanyang Gongfu futhi ineziqu ezithi "inhloko-dolobha yetiye elibomvu laseChina" kanye "nekhaya letiye laseChina"; itiye eliluhlaza lathola lapha uphawu lwaso lokuqinisekisa ngo-Okthoba 2021 kuphela, cishe ngesikhathi esifanayo nelomhlophe. Ngokuchazwa kophawu, lokhu itiye elivela eziqukwini ezinkulu ezilinganayo ezinoboya obukhulu, linephunga elimnene elihlala isikhathi eside, umbala wamanzi otiye ophuzi ngokuluhlaza ocacile futhi unambitheka omusha othambile onambitheka kamnandi emva kokugwinya.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*). Isigaba sivezwe egameni naserejista: impahla yophawu ibhalwe ngokuthi "绿茶".
* **Isigaba:** Itiye eliluhlaza laseFujian elinophawu lokuqinisekisa lwendawo (2021).
* **Imvelaphi:** IChina, isifundazwe saseFujian (福建, *Fújiàn*), isifunda sasedolobheni iNingde (宁德, *Níngdé*), idolobha laseFuan (福安市, *Fú'ān shì*).
* **Indawo:** Ngokwesayithi lezinkomba lezimpawu zendawo, kuyindawo yokuphatha yamanje yeFuan (福安市现辖行政区域). Uhlu lwezimpawu lwesifundazwe lubiza iFuan njengobunikazi bomnikazi wophawu; umngcele womthetho wendawo angikawuboni.
* **Uhlobo lokuvikela:** Uphawu lokuqinisekisa lwendawo lweChina National Intellectual Property Administration (CNIPA) № 35073373, impahla kuyitiye eliluhlaza. Ngokohlu lwesifundazwe lwangomhla zingama-30 kuJuni 2026, uphawu lwabhaliswa mhla zingama-21 ku-Okthoba 2021, umnikazi kuyiNhlangano Yemboni Yetiye yaseFuan (福安市茶业协会), ukubhaliswa kuyasebenza.
* **Izixhumanisi zokuma:** Aziwatholakali emibhalweni etholakele.

**2. Umlando kanye nokubaluleka kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Endulo.** Iphephandaba iMingdong Daily (2023) libhala ukuthi umlando wetiye eFuan "usukela emuva ohlwini lwezikhathi lweSui neTang" (远溯隋唐). NgokweFujian Daily (2018), edolobhaneni laseShekou (社口镇) itiye belitshalwa kusukela maphakathi nenkathi yeTang. Imininingwane yokuthi yiliphi itiye elalikhiqizwa ngaleso sikhathi ayikho kulezi zindatshana.
    * **1851.** NgokweMingdong Daily, edolobhaneni laseTanyang kwadalwa itiye elibomvu "[坦洋工夫](https://thetea.app/zu/article/tanyang-gong-fu)", kwathi ngo-1915 lathola indondo yegolide embukisweni wamazwe omhlaba wasePanama. Kusukela kuleli tiye kuqala udumo lweFuan njengendawo yetiye elibomvu.
    * **Kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1970.** Leli phephandaba libhala ukuthi ngo-1972 edolobhaneni laseGantang (甘棠镇) kwaqala ukutshalwa izithombo zezihlahla zetiye zohlobo lwe 福安大白茶 kanye ne 福云6号. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, iFuan yaba enye yezikhungo eziyisithupha zesifunda zezwe zokwandisa izinhlobo zetiye; eminyakeni ephakeme kakhulu, ngokwephephandaba, yabelana cishe nge-60 % yezithombo ezithunyelwa ezweni lonke. Kusuka lapha isisho esithi "天下茶苗出福安" — "izithombo zomhlaba wonke zivela eFuan".
    * **2018.** NgokweFujian Daily (2021), ngoNovemba iNhlangano Yemboni Yetiye yaseFuan yafaka isicelo sophawu lwe "福安白茶".
    * **2021.** Uphawu lwe "福安白茶" (№ 35073374) lwabhaliswa mhla ziyisi-7 ku-Okthoba, uphawu lwe "福安绿茶" (№ 35073373) lwabhaliswa mhla zingama-21 ku-Okthoba; umnikazi wawo womabili uyedwa. IFujian Daily ibiza itiye elimhlophe ngokuthi uphawu lweshumi nesithupha lwendawo lwedolobha. Ukuthi isicelo setiye eliluhlaza safakwa nini akushiwongo emithonjeni etholakele; izinombolo zezimpawu ezimbili ziyalandelana.
* **Igama:** "Fuan" (福安) yigama ledolobha: 福 — "injabulo", 安 — "ukuthula". "Lücha" (绿茶) — "itiye eliluhlaza".
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** NgokweMingdong Daily (2023), iFuan ineziqu ezithi "中国红茶之都" (inhloko-dolobha yetiye elibomvu laseChina) kanye ne "中国茶叶之乡" (ikhaya letiye laseChina). EShekou, ngokweFujian Daily (2018), kusebenza isikhungo sokuqala sesayensi yetiye esifundazweni — manje esiyiTea Institute yeFujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, esineqoqo lezinhlobo zetiye ezingama-450. Umlando wetiye eliluhlaza eFuan awushiwongo emithonjeni etholakele.

**3. Ukuchazwa kwezitshalo kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Uhlobo / Icultivar:** Uphawu, ngokwemininingwane etholakele, alusho izinhlobo. Uhlobo oluyinhloko lwendawo yi **福安大白茶** (*Fú'ān dàbáichá*), kusukela ngo-1985 — uhlobo olukhethekile lukazwelonke (inombolo GS13003-1985, ngokweWikipedia).
    * **Indawo yokuzalwa.** Imithombo iyaphikisana. I-Wikipedia yesiShayina ibiza idolobhana laseShangaoshan esigungwini saseMuyang (穆阳乡上高山村); incwadi yezolimo yabashicileli iZhihui Sannong ibiza idolobhana laseGaoling kumkhandlu waseKangcuo (康厝公社高岭村); igama lesibili lohlobo ilibhala ngokuthi "高领大白茶".
    * **Imvelaphi.** Zombili izinkomba zinikeza izinhlobo ezimbili: ukukhethwa etiyeni elikhula endle noma ukulethwa esifundeni saseSongxi, Zhenghe neJianyang, lapho lalibizwa khona ngokuthi "皇帝茶" ("itiye lombusi"). Igama elithi 福安大白茶 lohlobo lwalithola ngo-1973.
    * **Ukubukeka.** Isihlahla esiyingxenye, iqabunga liluhlaza okumnyama linokucwebezela okuwamafutha. Incwadi ikubeka lolu hlobo phakathi kwezihlahla ezinamacembe amaphakathi; i-Wikipedia endatshaneni efanayo ilubiza ngokuthi olunamacembe amakhulu nolunamacembe amaphakathi. Uhlobo luyashesha, iziqhwele zinyama, uboya buningi impela.
    * **Ukuphi amatiye.** Ngokwencwadi, kuvela kulo iBaihao Yinzhen ne-gongfu ebomvu enhle kakhulu, kanti netiye eliluhlaza elomiswe ngomoya oshisayo (烘绿) "nayo inekhwalithi enhle".
* **Izinto zokusetshenziswa:** Ukuchazwa kophawu kukhuluma ngeziqhwele ezinkulu ezinyama ezinoboya obukhulu; ukuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezikhiqiza zona nokuthi iqabunga liqoqwa ngayiphi indinganiso akushiwongo.

**4. Indawo yokutshala kanye nezici zokukhula:**

* **Isifunda:** NgokweMingdong Daily (2023), iFuan enyakatho inqamula eningizimu yeZhejiang, empumalanga ivulekele olwandle; isimo sezulu sinomoya omnene futhi sinomswakama. Indawo eseduze kwentaba iBaiyunshan (白云山) emngceleni wedolobha, ngokwephephandaba, cishe unyaka wonke icwile enkungwini nasemafini.
* **Ubukhulu:** Ngaleli phephandaba, izingadi zetiye zaseFuan zithatha ama-mu angama-300,000; ngo-2022 kwakhiqizwa amathani angama-28,100 etiye eliluhlaza ngenani lama-yuan ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezi-2,12. Lokhu kungamatiye onke edolobha; ingxenye yetiye eliluhlaza ayishiwongo.
* **Ukuphakama kanye nomhlabathi:** Ayikho imininingwane etholakalayo.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza:**

Ubuchwepheshe be "福安绿茶" abuchazwanga emithonjeni etholakele. Indlela yokomisa — ngomoya oshisayo noma ebhodweni — incazelo yophawu ayisho.

Ngezansi kunohlelo olujwayelekile lwetiye eliluhlaza, hhayi incazelo yaleli tiye ngqo:

1.  **Ukunaba kweqabunga elisha (摊放, *tānfàng*):** Iqabunga linwetshwa ngendwenga encane ukuze likhiphe ingxenye yomswakama.
2.  **Ukuqinisa (杀青, *shāqīng*):** Ukushisa kumisa uketshezi nokugcina umbala oluhlaza.
3.  **Ukusonga (揉捻, *róuniǎn*) noma okunye ukuqamba isimo.
4.  **Ukomisa (干燥, *gānzào*):** Ngomoya oshisayo (烘青, *hōngqīng*) noma ebhodweni (炒青, *chǎoqīng*).

**6. Izici zokunambitheka nokunukwa:**

Ukuchazwa ngezansi kunikezwa isayithi lezinkomba lezimpawu zendawo ngetiye elingaphansi kophawu.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Iziqhwele zinkulu futhi zinyama, zilingana, ziluhlaza ngokuthambile futhi zicwebezela, zinoboya obukhulu obubonakalayo (芽头肥壮、匀齐、嫩绿润、茸毛多显).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Akukho ncazelo ehlukile etholakalayo.
* **Iphunga lamanzi otiye:** "Iphunga leqabunga elithambile" — linothile futhi lihlala isikhathi eside (嫩香馥郁悠长).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Okusha, okuthambile nokuvuselelayo, nokunambitheka kamnandi emva kokugwinya (鲜醇爽、回甘).
* **Umbala wamanzi otiye:** Ophuzi ngokuluhlaza ngokuthambile, ocacile futhi okhanyayo (嫩黄绿、清澈鲜亮).
* **Igquma letiye (iqabunga elibilisiwe):** Eliphuzi ngokuthambile, elilinganayo, elikhanyayo neliphilayo (叶底嫩黄匀亮鲜活).

**7. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali:**

Azikho izinkomba zefiziksi namakhemikhali zetiye eliqediwe ezitholakalayo. Ngohlobo lwe 福安大白茶 incwadi inikeza ukwakheka kweqabunga elisha (isighwele esisodwa namacembe amabili): amapolyphenol — angama-27,16 %, ikhofeini — ingu-4,56 %. Le yimininingwane ngezinto zokusetshenziswa zohlobo, hhayi ngetiye elingaphansi kophawu: ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olusetshenziswa ku "福安绿茶", akwaziwa.

**8. Izinzuzo zempilo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngqo.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Indlela yeklasi yetiye eliluhlaza elithambile elivela eziqhwele.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** Amagremu angu-3 kumamililitha angu-150.
* **Izitsha:** Ingilazi yengilazi — kuyo kubonakala iziqhwele ezinoboya — noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Fudumeza izitsha.
    2. Faka itiye bese uthela amanzi ngasodongeni.
    3. Ukufakwa kokuqala — emva kwemizuzwana engama-40–60.
    4. Phuza, ushiye ingxenye yamanzi otiye.
    5. Thela amanzi futhi.
    6. Ukuphinda ukuthela kabili noma kathathu.

**10. Ukugcina:**

Indlela yeklasi. Emaphaketheni avaliwe, efrijini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama namaphunga. Kungcono ukuphuza phakathi nonyaka.

**11. Intengo kanye nemikhiqizo yomgunyathi:**

Ayikho imininingwane ngentengo etholakalayo.

* **Ugwema kanjani imikhiqizo yomgunyathi:**
    * Funa uphawu lokuqinisekisa "福安绿茶" № 35073373; ilungelo lokulusebenzisa lilawulwa yiNhlangano Yemboni Yetiye yaseFuan.
    * Qiniseka ukuthi umkhiqizi ungowaseFuan.
    * Ungadidanisi nezimpawu ezingomakhelwane zomnikazi ofanayo: "福安白茶" — itiye elimhlophe, "坦洋工夫" — elibomvu.
    * Ukubukeka: iziqhwele ezinkulu ezinoboya, amanzi otiye aphuzi ngokuluhlaza acacile, igquma eliphuzi ngokuthambile elilinganayo.

**12. Amaqiniso athakazelisayo:**

* Izimpawu zetiye eliluhlaza nelimhlophe laseFuan ziyalandelana — № 35073373 kanye № 35073374 — futhi zabhaliswa ngomehluko wamasonto amabili.
* IFuan ingenye yezindawo ezinkulu zaseChina zokutshala izithombo zetiye; iphephandaba libhala ngezinhlobo ezingaphezu kwama-50 ezitholakala ezindaweni zokutshala zedolobhana laseGantang.
* Uhlobo lwendawo i 福安大白茶, ngokomunye umbono, lwafika lusuka enyakatho yeFujian, lapho lwalubizwa khona ngokuthi "itiye lombusi".

**13. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiye aseFuan naseFujian:**

* **I Tanyang Gongfu (坦洋工夫):** Itiye eliyinhloko laseFuan — itiye elibomvu le-gongfu elivela edolobhaneni laseTanyang, ngaphansi kophawu lomnikazi ofanayo.
* **IFuan (福安):** Indatshana eqoqweni mayelana namatiye amhlophe eFuan naseJianou — mayelana nesinye isigaba sendawo efanayo.
* **ISongxi Lücha ([松溪绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/songxi-lucha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza laseNyakatho yeFujian, uphawu lwango-2009; izinhlobo ezine zokubunjwa kweqabunga ngaphansi kwegama elifanayo.
* **IWuping Lücha ([武平绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/wuping-lucha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza laseNtshonalanga yeFujian.
* **IYuxi Lücha ([尤溪绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/youxi-lucha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza laseFujian emaphakathi, esifundeni saseSanming.

**Ekuphetheni:**

UFuan Lücha itiye eliluhlaza lendawo edume ngetiye elibomvu iTanyang Gongfu kanye nezindawo zokutshala izithombo, ezingase zabelana ngenani elingaphezu kwengxenye yezithombo zetiye zezwe eminyakeni ephakeme. Imibhalo ngalo mincane: uphawu lwango-2021, umnikazi kuyinhlangano yetiye yedolobha, indawo kuyiFuan yonke, kanye nencazelo emfushane yokubukeka. Ngokwayo, lokhu itiye elivela eziqhwele ezinkulu ezinoboya, elinephunga elimnene elihlala isikhathi eside, umbala wamanzi otiye ophuzi ngokuluhlaza ocacile, nokunambitheka okuthambile nokubuya okumnandi.