---
title: "Fó Shǒu"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/fo-shou
lang: zu
updated: 2026-04-08
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Fó Shǒu (佛手)

Fó Shǒu (佛手, fó shǒu; „Isandla seBuddha”) – omunye wama-oolong aseFujian ahlukile kakhulu, abonakala ngamaqabunga amakhulu ngendlela emangalisayo kanye nephunga lesithelo lesi-citron (佛手柑, fóshǒugān). Nakuba ubucwepheshe bokukhiqiza busondele kakhulu kwele-[Tiě Guānyīn](https://thetea.app/zu/article/tie-guanyin) namanye ama-oolong aseMinnan, i-Fó Shǒu inomthelela oyi-fruity-wo-citrus obizwa nge-“yùn” (韵) – umculo wawo oyingqayizivele emhlabeni wama-oolong. Indawo yawo yokuzalwa kanye nesizinda esikhulu sokukhiqiza yisifunda saseYǒngchūn (永春) esifundazweni saseFujian.

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**1. Ukuhlukaniswa nendabuko:**

- **Uhlobo:** Oolong (itiye elivutshelwe kancane, izinga le-oxidation 20–60%). Ikhiqizwa ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko: qīngxiāng (清[香型](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xiangxing)) – okulula, kugxilwe ebusheni nasemabalabala; nóngxiāng (浓香型) – okunokosa okujulile, umzimba oqinile kanye namathoni e-caramel namantongomane.
- **Isigaba:** Ama-oolong aseMinnan (闽南乌龙, Mǐnnán wūlóng). Kungokunye kwama-oolong adumile aseFujian. Umkhiqizo onophawu oluvikelwe lwendawo (地理标志产品, 2006). Izinga likazwelonke: GB/T 21824-2008.
- **Indabuko:** I-China, isifundazwe saseFujian (福建), isifunda saseYǒngchūn (永春县), idolobha laseQuánzhōu (泉州市). Imiphakathi eyinhloko yokukhiqiza: Sūkēng (苏坑), Yùdǒu (玉斗), Guìyáng (桂洋), Jǐndòu (锦斗), Kēngzǐkǒu (坑仔口).
- **Ezinye izindawo zokukhiqiza:** Isifunda saseĀnxī (安溪) – iphrofayili ye-citron encishile; izintaba zaseWǔyí (武夷山) – lolu hlobo lwesitshalo lusetshenziswa njenge-yánchá, enomthelela wamaminerali kanye “nokuncenceza kwamatshe” (岩韵).
- **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** ≈ 25.32° N, 118.29° E (ingxenye emaphakathi yesifunda saseYǒngchūn).

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**2. Umlando nokubaluleka kwamasiko:**

Ngokwemibhalo yasendaweni, ngo-1704 (unyakama-43 wokubusa kukaKāngxī) indela yesigodlo saseQíhǔyán (骑虎岩寺) e-Ānxī yahlohla amagatsha esihlahla setiye esiqwini sesithelo se-citron “isandla seBuddha”. Lolu hlobo lwasatshalaliselwa ezindelini zendlu yezindela yaseShífēngyán (狮峰岩) eYǒngchūn, lapho abazalwane baqala ukulitshala ukuze kwenziwe iminikelo engokomoya kuBuddha. Umbhalo womlando uthi: “Indela yatshala izithombo zetiye ukuze inikele kuBuddha; bese izihlobo zalandela isibonelo sayo – zagcwalisa izigodi futhi zamboza amagquma, nomaphi lapho ubheka khona – itiye lonke.”

Phakathi neminyaka yokubusa kukaGuāngxù (1875–1908), isitolo setiye i-“Fēngpǔ” (峰圃茶庄) senza i-Fó Shǒu yaziwa kabanzi ngaphandle kweYǒngchūn. Ngo-1931 itiye laqala ukupakishwa emathinini ensimbi ukuze lithunyelwe eHong Kong, eMacau naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia. Imiklomelo yekhulu lama-20 nelama-21: 1985 kanye no-1989 – uMnyango Wezolimo we-PRC; 1988 – indondo yegolide embukisweni Kazwelonke Wokudla; 1995, 1997 – izindondo zegolide emibukisweni yezolimo; 2008 – “Itiye lokuqala lomncintiswano wama-Olympic waseChina”. Ngo-2010 ubucwepheshe bokukhiqiza bafakwa ohlwini lwamagugu angabonakali esifundazweni saseFujian.

Igama: 永春 (Yǒngchūn) – “Intwasahlobo engunaphakade”; 佛手 (Fó Shǒu) – “Isandla seBuddha”, ngenxa yesimo seqabunga elifana neminwe yesithelo se-citron. Amanye amagama: Xiāngyuán zhǒng (香橼种, “uhlobo lweCitron”), Xuělí (雪梨, “Ipheya eliyiqhwa”), Jīn Fó Shǒu (金佛手, “Isandla seBuddha segolide”).

Isisho saseMinnan: “Itiye noBuddha – ukunambitheka okukodwa” (茶佛一味) – kukholelwa ukuthi yi-Fó Shǒu eyakha lesi sitatimende.

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**3. Ukuchazwa kwezitshalo nempahla eluhlaza:**

- **Uhlobo lwesitshalo:** Fóshǒu (佛手) – isihlahla esinamaqabunga amakhulu *Camellia sinensis* var. *sinensis*. Omunye wezindlela ezindala kakhulu ze-oolong. Amaqabunga – amakhulu ngokumangalisayo, ayi-oval, alingana nentende yesandla, anengxenye ewugqinsi enomzimba, indawo enamagagasi namazinyo ayivelakancane emaphethelweni; umthambo omkhulu ugobile ngokusobala. Lolu hlobo aluqhakazi futhi alutheli – lusatshalaliswa ngokwezitshalo kuphela (ngezihlumela nangokuhlohla).
- **Izinhlobo ezimbili:**
  - **Hóngyá Fóshǒu (红芽佛手)** – “i-bud ebomvu”: isihlahla esisakazekile, amahlumela abomvu-onsomi, iphunga elicebile kakhudlwana; lokhu kuyisisekelo sezitshalo.
  - **Lǜyá Fóshǒu (绿芽佛手)** – “i-bud eluhlaza”: isihlahla esimile siqonde, amahlumela aluhlaza okotshani, ukunambitheka okuhlanzekile nokulula.
- **Indinganiso yokuvuna:** Ihlumela elinamaqabunga angama-4-5 avulekile kanye nesithupha esilele (驻芽); kukhiwa amaqabunga angaphezulu ama-2-3. Ukuvuna emva kwemini, ukucutshungulwa kusihlwa ngalo lolo suku.
- **Izikhathi zonyaka:** Intwasahlobo (Ephreli–Meyi, ~40% womthamo, lekha kakhulu), ihlobo, ukuphela kwehlobo-ekwindla, nekwindla.

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**4. I-terroir nezici zokutshalwa:**

- **Indawo:** Isifunda saseYǒngchūn – imithambeka yomklamo weDài Yún (戴云山), indawo enamagquma nezintaba. Kulesi siza saseShífēngyán kusasele izihlahla zetiye ezingama-89 ezindala ezineminyaka engaphezu kwama-300 ubudala.
- **Ukuphakama:** 400–900 m; indawo enhle kakhulu – 600–900 m (imiphakathi yaseSūkēng, Yùdǒu, Guìyáng).
- **Isimo sezulu:** Isimo sezulu esishisayo esine-monsoon esinomswakama. Izinga lokushisa lonyaka elimaphakathi 17–21°C, imvula 1,600–2,100 mm/ngonyaka, umswakama ~77%. Ukushintsha okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa phakathi kosuku nobusuku kunomthelela ekwandiseni izinto ezinephunga elimnandi.
- **Umhlabathi:** Imihlaba ebomvu ye-acidic yasentabeni (红壤), pH 4.5–6.5, okuphakeme kokuphilayo, i-zinc ne-manganese.

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**5. Ubucwepheshe bokukhiqiza:**

Ubucwepheshe bulandela inqubo engokomthetho yama-oolong aseMinnan, kodwa bujwayelana neqabunga elikhulu nelithambile eline-cuticle encane: ukuqhakaza okuqondayo, ukunyakazisa okuncishisiwe, kanye nesici esiyinhloko – ukusonga ngendwangu okuphindaphindekayo (包揉, bāoróu) okungenani izikhathi ezi-3, okwakha uhlaka oluyisiginesha “olomile lwe-shrimp”.

1. **Ukuvuna (采摘):** Ngesandla, ntambama.
2. **Ukushiswa elangeni ([晒青](https://thetea.app/zu/article/shai-qing)):** Ukulahlekelwa komswakama okungu-4–10%. Kulula kunamamanye ama-oolong.
3. **Ukunyakazisa nokuphumula (摇青 + 摊凉):** Imijikelezo engu-3–4, amahora angu-8–16. Umgomo: “okokuqala kancane, bese kuba nzima kancane kancane.” Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo okungu-6–14%. Umgomo – “佛手韵” kanye “neqabunga eliluhlaza elinomugqa obomvu.”
4. **Ukugxilisa (杀青):** Ukushisa ngezinga eliphezulu. Ukulahlekelwa kwesisindo okungu-18–22%.
5. **Ukusonga (揉捻):** Ukuphula izindonga zamaseli, ukukhipha ijusi.
6. **Ukomisa okokuqala (初烘):** 70–80°C.
7. **Ukusonga ngendwangu (包揉):** Amaqabunga asongwa ngendwangu futhi acindezelwe – okungenani imijikelezo emi-3 “yokomisa → ukusonga,” ngaphezulu kunanoma imuphi omunye um-oolong waseMinnan.
8. **Ukomisa kokugcina (足火):** 50–60°C kuze kube umswakama ≤6%.
9. **Ukuhlukanisa nokosa (精制):** Ngesitayela se-nóngxiāng – ukosa okungeziwe kancane ngamalahle.

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**6. Izici zokuphuma:**

- **Iqabunga elomile:** Amagremu agxilile, asindayo noma “izibopho” ezimfushane, ezikhumbuza izimbaza ezomile (海蛎干状). Umbala – okuluhlaza okumpunga okunensipho enombala oyisihlabathi oluhlaza okotshani futhi ocwebezelayo. Kungokukhulu ngokubonakalayo kune-Tiě Guānyīn.
- **Iphunga leqabunga elimile:** Eliqhakazile, eline-fruity emnandi, elinothi le-citron elivelele (香橼香). Kumasampula ahamba phambili – iphunga elingeziwe “elihle lepheya” (雪梨香). Ezinhlobeni ezikhekhiwe – iphunga elingaphansi lerayisi elibhakiwe ne-caramel.
- **Iphunga lwendlulwa:** Okujulile, okuningi amazinga. Ukuvuthwa kokuqala – ukuqabuleka kwe-citron; emva kwalokho – amathoni afudumele we-fruity oju. Izinhlobo eziphakeme kakhulu zibonisa i-“佛手韵” ehlanzekile.
- **Ukunambitheka:** Okugqinyile, okunamafutha, nobumnandi obugqamile kanye ne-huí gān (回甘) eqhubekayo. Amanothi: i-citron, ipheya elivuthiwe, uju, i-caramel (ezinhlobeni ezikhekhiwe). Umzimba – omkhulu, “osinda kakhulu” kune-Tiě Guānyīn.
- **Indlulwa:** Okunsundu okusagolide kuye kokusawolintshi-okuvuthwe, okuhlanzekile, okunamafutha.
- **Iqabunga elichithiwe:** Amaqabunga amakhulu, awugqinsi, athambile anombala ophuzi-oluhlaza onomugqa obomvu ocacile, amakhulu kakhulu kunamanye ama-cultivar e-oolong.

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**7. Ukuhlangana kwamakhemikhali:**

- **Ama-polyphenol:** Ama-tannin ~21% wesisindo esomile. Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-polyphenol oxidase.
- **Ama-flavonoid:** 12 mg/g – irekhodi phakathi kwawo wonke ama-oolong.
- **Ama-amino acid:** L-theanine; amaprotheni aphelele ~25%.
- **Ama-alkaloid:** I-caffeine ~2.4%.
- **Amaminerali:** I-zinc – 57 µg/g (ephezulu kakhulu kuma-oolong); i-potassium, i-magnesium, i-manganese, i-fluoride.
- **Amafutha abalulekile:** Ama-terpenoid, akha iphunga le-citron; okungenye yezinto eziphakeme kakhulu phakathi kwama-oolong aseMinnan.
- **Ukukhishwa:** Izinto ezincibilika emanzini ~46% – kuchaza ukugqinyizeleka nokujiya kwendlulwa.
- **Amavithamini:** A, amaqembu B, C.

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**8. Izinzuzo zezempilo:**

- **Ukuvikelwa kwe-antioxidant:** Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu kwama-flavonoid (12 mg/g).
- **Umphumela wokuvuselela:** I-caffeine + L-theanine – “ukucaca komqondo okuzolile.”
- **Ukusekelwa kokugaya ukudla:** Emithini yendabuko yaseYǒngchūn – umuthi wezinkinga zamathumbu. Ucwaningo lwe-Fujian Institute of Chinese Medicine (2003) luqinisekisa umphumela omuhle kusiswebhu samathumbu.
- **Umthombo we-zinc:** 57 µg/g – irekhodi kuma-oolong; kubalulekile ekuzivikeleni, esikhumbeni, nasehlelweni lokuzala.
- **Impilo yomlomo:** Okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-fluoride – ukuqinisa koqweqwe lwamazinyo, ukuvikela ukubola kwamazinyo.
- **Ukusekelwa kwesistimu yenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi:** Ama-flavonoid nama-polyphenol asiza ukunwebeka kwemithambo.
- **Umphumela wokufudumeza:** Izinhlobo ezikhekhiwe zifudumeza kahle ngenkathi ebandayo yonyaka.

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**9. Ukuphuza:**

- **Izinga lokushisa:** 95–100°C (nóngxiāng – amanzi abilayo aphelele; qīngxiāng – 90–95°C).
- **Ubuningi betiye:** 7–8 g nge-100–120 ml (gōngfū); 3–4 g nge-200–250 ml (ukusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke).
- **Izitsha:** I-gàiwǎn yobumba olumhlophe (ifezekile ekuhloleni iphunga lesivalo). Ezinhlobeni ezikhekhiwe – i-teapot ye-Yīxīng.
- **Inqubo:**
  1. Fudumeza i-gàiwǎn nezinkomishi ngamanzi abilayo.
  2. Ukufafaza okuhlanza: thela futhi ukhiphe ngokushesha – “ukuvusa” iqabunga eligoqeke ngokuqinile.
  3. Ukufafaza kokuqala: imizuzwana engu-10–15.
  4. Okuphindaphindiwe: ama-8–12 okuphuza, +5–10 imizuzwana kokunye.
- **Iseluleko:** Hlola iphunga lesivalo (盖香) – lona liveza kangcono umlingiswa wohlobo lwe-Fó Shǒu.

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**10. Ukugcinwa:**

| Isitayela | Izimo | Isikhathi |
|-----------|---------|--------------|
| **Qīngxiāng** | Ipheshana le-vacuum elivalekile, efrijini 0–5°C | Izinyanga eziyi-12–18 |
| **Nóngxiāng** | Isitsha se-ceramic/sensimbi esivalekile, indawo epholile emnyama | Iminyaka emi-2–3 |
| **Okugugile (老茶)** | Njenge-nóngxiāng; ukugugiswa ngamabomu iminyaka, kufana nama-oolong amadala | Iminyaka–amashumi eminyaka |

Kwisiko laseYǒngchūn nasediasporas yaseMinnan, i-Fó Shǒu egugile ikhethekile ngokuthamba, ukujula kokunambitheka, kanye nezinto zokuphulukisa emithini yesintu.

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**11. Intengo nemikhiqizo mbumbulu:**

I-Yǒngchūn Fó Shǒu – enye yama-oolong aseFujian atholakala kalula kodwa aphawulekayo, ingenayo inkokhelo ephezulu ye-Tiě Guānyīn noma i-yánchá. Intengo incike ekuphakameni kwendawo, isizini, izinga lokucubungulwa, nesimo somcubunguli. I-Lǎo Cóng Fó Shǒu (esuka ezihlahleni ezindala) – ibiza kakhulu.

**Indlela yokuhlonza umkhiqizo mbumbulu:**
- Ukumaka uphawu lwendawo (地理标志) – kuyisignali enhle.
- Amagremu kufanele abe makhulu futhi asinde ngokubonakalayo kune-Tiě Guānyīn.
- Iphunga le-citron-fruity eliyimpoqo (佛手韵) emakheni; ukungabikhona kwalo kuyimbangela yokukhathazeka.
- Iqabunga elichithiwe – uphawu lokungcwala: amaqabunga e-Fó Shǒu makhulu kakhulu futhi awugqinsi kunanoma yimuphi omunye um-oolong waseMinnan.
- Ubumnandi obuqikile “obuyiphaphu” noma ukunambitheka kwamakhemikhali – kuyimpawu yokunukelisa.

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**12. Amaqiniso athakazelisayo:**

- I-cultivar eyingqayizivele ye-oolong, engaqhakazi futhi engathelisi – isatshalaliswa ngokwezitshalo kuphela.
- Emthambekeni we-Shífēngyán eYǒngchūn kusasele izihlahla zetiye ezingama-89 ezivela ekutshalweni kwasekuqaleni kwezindela (iminyaka engaphezu kwama-300 ubudala).
- Ngokuqukethwe kwama-flavonoid (12 mg/g) ne-zinc (57 µg/g) – indawo yokuqala phakathi kwawo wonke ama-oolong emhlabeni (idatha ye-Fujian Agricultural University).
- Isazi setiye u-Zhāng Tiānfú (张天福, 1910–2017): “I-Yǒngchūn Fó Shǒu – ithonsi ngalinye lishiya iphunga lamazinyo nezihlathini; umbala, iphunga nokunambitheka kufinyelela ezingeni eliphakeme kakhulu.”
- Indawo yezingadi zetiye eYǒngchūn – ~3,200 ha, umthamo waminyaka yonke ~6,900 ton (2021). Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe e-Japan, e-USA, e-EU, naseNingizimu-mpumalanga ye-Asia.

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**13. Izinhlobonhlobo nezinketho zesifunda:**

### Ngokwezinga (standard GB/T 21824-2008):

- **Izinga elikhethekile (特级):** Amagremu ayindilinga agxilile, ukucwazimula okuluhlaza okotshani okuyisihlabathi. Iphunga le-citron eliqhakaze kakhulu. Indlulwa – okunsundu okusagolide, okuhlanzekile.
- **Izinga lokuqala (一级):** Ukusonga okuqinile, ukucwazimula okumnyama-oluhlaza. Iphunga elicebile. Indlulwa – okuwolintshi-ophuzi.
- **Izinga lesibili (二级):** Ukugqinyizeleka okusesilinganisweni, iphunga elihlanzekile. Indlulwa – ophuzi okhanyayo.
- **Izinga lesithathu (三级):** Amagremu anokwakheka okumahhadlahhadla, iphunga elilinganayo ukujula.

### Lǎo Cóng Fó Shǒu (老枞佛手 – “Izihlahla ezindala”):

Isigaba esiphakeme: impahla eluhlaza evela ezihlahleni ezindala ezineminyaka engaphezu kwengama-50–60, ngezinye izikhathi iminyaka eyikhulu+. Kukholelwa ukuthi indala isihlahla, ijule ngokwengeziwe, inothe futhi “inamandla” ngokwengeziwe ukunambitheka nephunga. Izihlahla ezindala zikhula ezimeni zemvelo, ngokuvamile emithambekeni ewumqansa ezindaweni okunzima ukufinyelela kuzo, okwenza itiye libe nomlingiswa “onjengezasendle.” I-Lǎo Cóng Fó Shǒu – itiye eliyivelakancane futhi eliyigugu: umkhiqizo olinganiselwe, ukuvuna ngesandla, isidingo esiphezulu phakathi kwabaqoqi. Kwiphrofayili ye-citrus-fruity kungezwa amanothi enkuni, “okuphekwe okunamanzi” nokuqondwa komzimba omkhulu wendlulwa.

### Ngokwesifunda sokukhiqiza:

- **Yǒngchūn Fó Shǒu (永春佛手):** Isilinganiso. Iphunga le-citron elivelele kakhulu, ukugqinyizeleka kwe-fruity, umzimba onamafutha. Uphawu oluvikelwe lwendawo.
- **Ānxī Fó Shǒu (安溪佛手):** Iphrofayili ye-citron encishile; ingahluka ngezinga le-fermentation. Kutholakala kakhulu.
- **Wǔyí Fó Shǒu (武夷佛手):** Isitayela se-yánchá ngokosa ngamalahle. Umlingiswa wamaminerali, “wamatshe” kanye “nomculo wamatshe” (岩韵). Kuhluke kakhulu kweyaseYǒngchūn.

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**14. Iphikisana okungenzeka:**

- Ukungawubekezeleli ngamunye.
- Ukuba kubi kwezifo ze-GIT (i-gastritis ene-asidi ephezulu, isilonda esiswini).
- Ukuzwela okukhulu kwi-caffeine, ukuqwasha.
- Ukukhulelwa nokuncelisa – ukusetshenziswa okuphakathi, ukubonisana nodokotela.
- Akunconywa ukuthi kuthathwe esiswini esingenalutho ngamanani amakhulu.

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**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Fó Shǒu – itiye elingenakudideka nelinye: umculo wayo oyisiginesha we-citron, umzimba oqinile onamafutha, kanye neqabunga elikhulu ngokumangalisayo kuyenza ibe ngomunye wama-oolong aseFujian aziwa kalula. Kumthandi ofuna okuthile okungaphandle kohlu olujwayelekile lwezimbali-zi-orchid yama-oolong aseMinnan, i-Fó Shǒu iyoba isambulo sangempela: ukufafaza ngakunye kwembula ubuhlakani obusha bephunga le-fruity, kanti ubumnandi obubuyayo bukhumbuza ukuthi amatiye amahle kakhulu awapheli ekuphuzweni kwesihlanu – asanda kuqala.