---
title: "Ēnshī fùxīchá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/enshi-fuxicha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Ēnshī fùxīchá (恩施富硒茶)

**I-Enshi Fuxicha** (*Ēnshī fùxīchá*, 恩施富硒茶) — «itiye le-Enshi elicebile nge-selenium», igama elivikelwe uphawu lwesitifiketi sezindawo esifundeni esizimele sase-Enshi-Tujia-Miao esifundazweni sase-Hubei. U-富硒 (*fùxī*) usho ukuthi «ocebile nge-selenium»: igama, njengelomakhelwane i-[恩施硒茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/enshi-xicha), likhuluma ngesici se-terroir, hhayi ngesigaba setiye. Leli igama elidala kunawo womabili amagama e-selenium esifunda: ngokombiko wecala lango-2021, uphawu lwabhaliswa ngo-2004. Kuncane kakhulu okutholakalayo ngetiye ngokwalo: okwaziwayo nguphawu kakhulu kunekhasi.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Isigaba asichazwanga ngokomthombo. Igama lichaza isici se-terroir, hhayi indlela yokucubungula. Akufanele kunikezwe isigaba ngokuhlobana ne-Enshi Yulu: ngaphansi kophawu lwe-selenium lwesifunda kunezetiye eziluhlaza nezibomvu.
* **Isigaba:** Uphawu lwesitifiketi sezindawo (证明商标, *zhèngmíng shāngbiāo*). Ikhasi le-Hubei Enshi Institute Selenium Tea College libeka i-恩施富硒茶 phakathi kwemikhiqizo ngaphansi kokuvikelwa kukahulumeni kwezindawo; angizange ngilibone idokhumenti lalokhu.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe sase-Hubei (湖北, *Húběi*), isifunda esizimele sase-Enshi-Tujia-Miao, idolobha lase-Enshi (恩施市, *Ēnshī Shì*).
* **Indawo:** Irejista ka-2026 ikhomba idolobha lase-Enshi. Lokhu ubunikazi bokuphatha bomnikazi wophawu; angizange ngiwuhlole umngcele osemthethweni wendawo.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** Idolobha lase-Enshi — cishe u-30.3° enyakatho no-109.5° empumalanga.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **2004.** Umbiko wecala lango-2021 uthi ngoJulayi 2004 inhlangano yetiye yase-Enshi «yabhalisa ngempumelelo» uphawu lwe-恩施富硒茶. Ukuthi leli su lumayelana nokufakwa kwesicelo noma ukubhaliswa, akucaci embhalweni.
    * **Isikhathi sophawu.** Ngokohlu lwezimpawu zezindawo lwesifundazwe sase-Hubei (idatha kaMeyi 2020), uphawu № 4150055 (isigaba 30, umkhiqizo — itiye) luphethwe inhlangano yetiye yedolobha lase-Enshi (恩施市茶业协会), isikhathi sokusebenza — kusukela mhla zingama-21 kuMeyi 2017 kuze kube mhla zingama-20 kuMeyi 2027. Ukuthi lesi sikhathi sihlobana kanjani nosuku lwango-2004 — ukunwetshwa noma ukubalwa okuhlukile, — angizange ngikuhlole.
    * **2021 — icala lomgunyathi.** Ngomhla ziyi-15 kuMbasa 2021, abaphathi bokuqapha imakethe besifunda sase-Jianshi (建始县) esifundeni esifanayo bathola esitolo esikhulu sasedolobheni lase-Yezhou (业州镇) itiye lenkampani yase-Wuhan, okwakunophawu lwe-«恩施富硒茶» ngaphandle kwemvume. Inhlangano engumnikazi yakuqinisekisa ukwephulwa komthetho. Umthengisi wayalwa ukuba alungise ukwephulwa, umkhiqizo washaqwa, kwakhokhiswa inhlawulo ye-3000 yuan; kwaphawulwa futhi ukuthi umthengisi akazange ahlole ilayisense nesitifiketi sokuhlola kumhlinzeki.
    * **2022.** Lapho ezinye izimpawu ezintathu zesifunda — i-恩施硒茶, i-[恩施玉露](https://thetea.app/zu/article/enshi-yulu) ne-[利川红](https://thetea.app/zu/article/lichuan-hong) — zidluliselwa enhlanganweni yetiye yesifunda nokwandiswa kwendawo kuso sonke isifunda, i-恩施富硒茶 ayizange ibalwe phakathi kwezidlulisiwe.
* **Igama:** I-恩施 — i-Enshi, igama lesifunda nedolobha; i-富硒 — «ocebile nge-selenium»; i-茶 — itiye.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Ngokwamazwi omholi wenhlangano yetiye yesifunda (2019), i-恩施富硒茶 — elinye lamagama ayisishiyagalombili etiye isifunda esafaka izicelo zawo zezimpawu zezindawo. Isifunda siqhuba izikhundla ezimbili eziyinhloko, okuluhlaza i-恩施玉露 nokubomvu i-利川红, ngaphansi kophawu olujwayelekile «一红一绿» — «okubomvu okukodwa, okuluhlaza okukodwa».

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe:**

* **Izinhlobo / I-cultivar:** Ayikho idatha emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Izinto ezingavuthiwe:** Azikho izidingo zezinto ezingavuthiwe emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Izinga nesikhathi sokuvuna:** Ayikho idatha emithonjeni etholakele.

**4. I-Terroir Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Intshonalanga yesifundazwe sase-Hubei, idolobha lase-Enshi.
* **Inhlabathi:** I-Enshi iyindawo ene-selenium ephezulu ngokwemvelo, futhi lesi sici sivezwe egameni uqobo. Azikho izibalo ngenhlabathi kanye nezindinganiso ze-selenium zalolu phawu emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Ukuphakama nesimo sezulu:** Ayikho idatha emithonjeni etholakele.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Ubuchwepheshe abuchazwanga emithonjeni etholakele, futhi isigaba setiye asaziwa. Ngakho-ke angizange ngilethe ngisho nohlaka olujwayelekile lwesigaba lapha: akwaziwa ukuthi lolu hlaka lungelwesiphi isigaba.

**6. Izici Zokunambitha:**

* **Ukubukeka kwekhasi elomile:** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lekhasi elomile:** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lokuphuzwa:** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Ukunambitheka:** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Umbala wokuphuzwa:** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Ikhasi elisetshenzisiwe:** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Azikho izindinganiso zokuqukethwe kwe-selenium nezinye izibalo ze-physico-chemical zalolu phawu emithonjeni etholakele. Izibalo ezinikezwa uphawu lwesifunda lwe-恩施硒茶 azihlobene ngqo naleli gama.

**8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo:**

Ayikho idatha eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngokuqondile.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba — kodwa isigaba asaziwa, ngakho-ke inkomba ngokubukeka kwekhasi.

* **Uma itiye liluhlaza:** 80–85 °C, 3 g ku-150 ml, ukuphisa kokuqala imizuzwana engama-40–60, ukuphisa kabili noma kathathu.
* **Uma itiye libomvu:** 90–95 °C, 3 g ku-150 ml, ukuphisa kokuqala cishe umzuzu, ukuphisa okuningana ngokwandisa isikhathi.

**10. Ukugcina:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Itiye eliluhlaza — ephaketheni elivalekile, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama nephunga. Elibomvu — endaweni eyomile emnyama ekamelweni lokushisa, kude nephunga.

**11. Intengo Nemigunygithi:**

Ayikho idatha ngentengo yetiye langempela emithonjeni etholakele. Ecaleni lika-2021, itiye lomgunyathi ngaphansi kwalolu phawu lathengwa nge-100 yuan ibhokisi ngalinye, lathengiswa nge-220.

* **Ukwakugwema umgunyathi:**
    * Funani uphawu lwesitifiketi sezindawo «恩施富硒茶» (№ 4150055).
    * Hlola ukuthi umkhiqizi ungowase-Enshi futhi uvunyelwe umnikazi wophawu.
    * Ungadidanisi nophawu lwesifunda «恩施硒茶» (№ 17754772): leli elinye igama.
    * I-selenium egameni ayiqinisekisi lutho: inani linikezwa kuphela iphrothokholi yokuhlola.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Isifunda sinezimpawu ezimbili ze-selenium — i-恩施富硒茶 ne-恩施硒茶, — futhi zombili ohlwini lwesifundazwe lwango-2020 zazibhalwe ngaphansi kwenhlangano eyodwa yetiye yedolobha lase-Enshi.
* Umlando obhaliwe wophawu — ngokuyinhloko umlando wokuvikelwa kwalo: icala elaziwayo liphathelene netiye langaphandle, elithengiswa ngaphansi kwaleli gama kwesinye isifunda sesifunda esifanayo.
* Kurejista ka-2026, irekhodi libhalwe njengeliqinisekisiwe futhi elisebenzayo.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye:**

* **I-Enshi Xicha (恩施硒茶):** Isambulela sesifunda sango-2019 esinencazelo efanayo ye-selenium; kusukela ngo-2022 umnikazi — inhlangano yesifunda. Ubuhlobo bezomthetho bamagama amabili abukatholakali.
* **I-Enshi Yulu (恩施玉露):** Itiye eliluhlaza elilungiswa ngesitimu, elihamba phambili edolobheni lase-Enshi.
* **I-Lichuan Hong (利川红):** Itiye elibomvu lesifunda esifanayo, ingxenye yesibili yesibopho «一红一绿».
* **I-Kaiyang Fu Xi Cha ([开阳富硒茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/kaiyang-fu-xi-cha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lase-Guizhou elinesakhiwo segama elifanayo — «ocebile nge-selenium».

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Enshi Fuxicha — uphawu lwe-selenium lwangaphambili lwase-Enshi: igama elabhaliswa, ngokombiko wecala lango-2021, ngo-2004 futhi elisebenza ngokohlu kuze kube ngu-2027, kodwa ngaphandle kwesigaba, izinto ezingavuthiwe nokubukeka okuchazwe obala. Konke okwaziwayo ngakho — inombolo yophawu, umnikazi, kanye necala lomgunyathi. Kuze kube kubakho idokhumenti enezidingo zetiye, kufanele kuthathwe njengegama elivikelwe, hhayi itiye elichaziwe.