---
title: "Dúshān Gāozhài chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/dushan-gaozhai-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Dúshān Gāozhài chá (独山高寨茶)

**I-Dushan Gaozhai Cha** (*Dúshān Gāozhài chá*, 独山高寨茶) — “itiye laseGaozhai laseDushan”, itiye lesifunda saseDushan (独山县) eQiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture eningizimu yeGuizhou. Imithombo yezindaba yendawo ilibeka eqenjini le “matiye amathathu adumile aseQiannan” eduze kwamaojian waseDuyun kanye ne-yunwu yaseGuiding. Izidingo zokuvikelwa zango-2025 zichaza ukucubungula ngohlelo lwetiye elibomvu — ukuvutshelwa, ukusongwa, ukuvutshelwa kanye nokomiswa — kanye nokubukeka okuhambisana nalo: iqabunga elincane elisontekile elinoboya, iphunga elimnandi elihlala isikhathi eside, ukumnika okusawolintshi-kubomvu. Igama livikelwa njengomkhiqizo wezolimo onesibonakaliso sezindawo futhi ngokwesimemezelo seNational Intellectual Property Administration No. 646 (2025).

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye elibomvu (红茶, *hóngchá*) — ngokobuchwepheshe. Izidingo zokuvikelwa azisebenzisi igama elithi “elibomvu”, kodwa zichaza uchungechunge lwalo: ukuvutshelwa (萎凋), ukusongwa ngomshini, ukuvutshelwa (发酵), ukoma. Ukumnika okusawolintshi-kubomvu nephunga elimnandi kulezo zidingo kuyavumelana nalokhu.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye lesifunda elinesibonakaliso sezindawo; ohlelweni lwemikhiqizo yesifunda — “umkhiqizo okhethekile wesifunda” ngaphansi komkhiqizo omkhulu weDuyun Maojian.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe saseGuizhou (贵州, *Guìzhōu*), i-Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture (黔南, *Qiánnán*), isifunda saseDushan (独山, *Dúshān*).
* **Indawo yokuvikelwa:** Ngokwezidingo zango-2025 — amadolobhana ayisishiyagalombili esifunda: iBaiquan (百泉镇), iMawan (麻万镇), iShangsi (上司镇), iXiasi (下司镇), iJichang (基长镇), iYushui (玉水镇), iYingshan (影山镇) kanye neMawei (麻尾镇), isewonke imizana engama-64 yokuphatha. Amaphuzu aqhele kakhulu — idolobhana laseHeli ledolobha laseYushui empumalanga, iXintong yedolobha laseXiasi entshonalanga, iSiting yedolobha laseMawei eningizimu kanye neWengqi yedolobha laseYingshan enyakatho. I-portal yezibonakaliso zendawo ekhadini lomkhiqizo ibhala ngokuhlukile — “yonke indawo yamanje yesifunda”; umehluko emithonjeni etholakele awuchaziwe.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** 107°41′–107°55′ E, 25°04′–25°31′ N.

**2. Umlando kanye nokubaluleka kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Igama elidala.** I-People’s Daily kuhlelo lwaseGuizhou (Ephreli 2020) ibhala ukuthi itiye laseGaozhai laziwa ngokuma kwalo okuyingqayizivele, ikhwalithi yangaphakathi kanye nomlando omude futhi kanye ne-Duyun Maojian ([都匀毛尖](https://thetea.app/zu/article/douyun-mao-jian)) kanye ne-Guidng Yunwu (贵定云雾茶) libizwa ngokuthi “amatiye amathathu adumile aseQiannan” (黔南三大名茶). Uhlelo lwango-2024 lukhuluma nge “独山高寨贡茶” — “itiye lentela laseGaozhai” — kanye ne “独山沟山茶” njengemikhiqizo enomlando omude. Izinsuku, imibhalo noma imibhalo ngentela emithonjeni etholakele ayikho, futhi abalisho isigaba setiye elidala laseGaozhai.
    * **Isibonakaliso sezolimo.** Itiye libhaliswe njengomkhiqizo wezolimo onesibonakaliso sezindawo; i-portal yezibonakaliso inikeza inombolo yesitifiketi AGI03049. Unyaka wokubhaliswa emithonjeni etholakele awukho.
    * **2024.** I-Central People’s Radio ichaza uhlelo lwemikhiqizo yesifunda emazingeni amathathu: i-Duyun Maojian njengomkhiqizo “ongumama”, i-Dushan Gaozhai Cha njengomkhiqizo okhethekile wesifunda onesibonakaliso sezolimo kanye nemikhiqizo yezinkampani ngazinye. Ngawo lowo nyaka umnyango wezolimo wesifunda wabiza i “沟山茶” ne “高寨茶” ngemikhiqizo yesifunda ehlela ukuyikhuthaza emibukisweni nasemikhosini.
    * **2025.** Ngesimemezelo seNational Intellectual Property Administration No. 646 sangoSepthemba 23, 2025, itiye laqashelwa njengomkhiqizo onesibonakaliso sezindawo. Umfakisicelo ngokwezidingo zokuvikelwa — isiteshi somnotho wasemakhaya ngaphansi komnyango wezolimo wesifunda.
* **Igama:** “Dushan” (独山) — igama lesifunda; “Gaozhai” (高寨) ngokwezwi nezwi lisho “umuzi ophakeme”. Igama elihlobene nani ngqo, emithonjeni etholakele akushiwongo.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** NgokweCentral People’s Radio (2024), esifundeni kune-136.7 izinkulungwane ze-*mu* zezingadi zetiye, kuzo izinkulungwane eziyi-113 ze-*mu* ziyathela, kanti izinkulungwane eziyisi-6 ze-*mu* zinesitifiketi se-organic; inani lemikhiqizo yetiye ngo-2023 — ama-yuan ayizigidi ezingama-793.6. I-People’s Daily (2024) ibiza ukukhiqizwa okungamathani angama-4886 kanye nezinkampani zetiye ezibhalisiwe eziyi-163 kanye nama-cooperative. Lezi yizinombolo zetiye lesifunda sonke, hhayi ezikaGaozhai.

**3. Incazelo yezitshalo kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Uhlobo ngokwezidingo zokuvikelwa:** Engxenyeni ethi “uhlobo” umqulu uphinda igama lomkhiqizo — “独山高寨茶”. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lena inani lendawo noma uhlobo olukhethiwe, izidingo azichazi.
* **Ukusakazeka:** Ngama-cuttings; ukutshala ngenkathi yezimvula, kusukela ngoSepthemba kuya kuFebhuwari, izitshalo ezingama-37 500–60 000 ngehektha, emugqeni owodwa ngesihlahla esisodwa noma emigqeni emibili ngezihlahla ezimbili.
* **Izinto zokusetshenziswa:** Iqabunga elilodwa elivulekile kancane, amabili avulekile kancane, amabili, amathathu noma amane amaqabunga, kanye namaqabunga amabili angenalo ihlumela (对夹叶) anobumnene obufanayo.
* **Isikhathi sokuvuna:** Kusukela ngoFebhuwari kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba.
* **Umongo wesifunda:** Imibiko yango-2024 ibiza uhlobo lwe-福云六号 (*Fúyún liù hào*) kanye ne-anji baicha ([安吉白茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/anji-baicha)) emasimini esifunda; ayihlobene nezinto zokusetshenziswa zalesi sibonakaliso.

**4. Indawo kanye nezici zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** INingizimu yeGuizhou. I-People’s Daily (2024) ichaza isifunda njengoshintsho olusuka eYunnan-Guizhou Plateau luya emagqumeni aseGuangxi.
* **Ukuphakama:** Ngokwezidingo zokuvikelwa — kusukela ku-850 m.
* **Inhlabathi:** I-yellow noma i-yellow-brown, i-pH 5.0–7.0, i-organic ingekho ngaphansi kuka-1.0 %, ungqimba lwenhlabathi lungaphansi kuka-40 cm.
* **Isimo sezulu ngokwezidingo:** Amahora okukhanya kwelanga — 1100–1300 ngonyaka; izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi — 15 °C, ubukhulu obuphelele — 35.5 °C, ubuncane — -4.0 °C; imvula — cishe 1430 mm; isikhathi esingenasithwathwa — izinsuku ezingama-297.
* **Amanzi:** Izidingo ziwabiza ngokuthi ahlanzekile, angenambala, angenaphunga futhi angenakunambitheka.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza:**

Izidingo zokuvikelwa zango-2025 zinikeza lolu chungechunge:

1.  **Ukuvutshelwa (萎凋, *wěidiāo*):** Embhalweni kukhona iphutha lokubhala elithi “萎调”. Amapharamitha awanikeziwe.
2.  **Ukusongwa ngomshini (机揉, *jīróu*).**
3.  **Ukuvutshelwa (发酵, *fājiào*):** Amapharamitha awanikeziwe.
4.  **Ukoma (干燥, *gānzào*):** Ngemuva nje kohlu lwezigaba, umqulu unikeza izindlela, ngokwencazelo ezihlobene nokoma: 125–145 °C, iqabunga lilinganiselwe ngaphandle kokweqa, imizuzu eyi-12–15; bese kuba ukoma kokugcina ngokuphakamisa iphunga ku-90–110 °C, imizuzu engama-30. Uma itiye lisephunga ngotshani, ngakusasa liyashiswa imizuzu eyi-15 ku-90–100 °C.

Ngokujwayelekile lolu uhlelo lwetiye elibomvu: ukuvutshelwa kususa umswakama, ukusongwa kubhubhisa amaseli eqabunga, ukuvutshelwa kuyalwenza lube nobomvu-osawolintshi, ukoma kuqinisa umphumela.

**6. Izici ze-organoleptic:**

Ngokwezidingo zokuvikelwa zango-2025; kubakaki — amagama omqulu.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Imicu eminyene, emincane, esontekile enoboya obubonakalayo (条索紧结纤细卷曲、显毫).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Incazelo ehlukile emithonjeni etholakele ayikho.
* **Iphunga lokuphuzwa:** Limnandi, licebile futhi lihlala isikhathi eside (甜香浓郁持久).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kuthambile futhi kugcwele (滋味醇厚).
* **Umbala wokuphuzwa:** Osawolintshi-kubomvu, okhanyayo (汤色橙红，明亮).
* **Iqabunga elingaphansi (iqabunga eliphuziwe):** Lilingana futhi likhanyayo (叶底匀亮).

**7. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali:**

| Inkomba | Isidingo sokuvikelwa |
| :--- | :--- |
| Izinto ezikhiphekayo | azikho ngaphansi kuka-34.0 % |
| Imvuthuluka | azikho ngaphezu kuka-2.0 % |
| I-cellulose eluhlaza | azikho ngaphezu kuka-15.0 % |
| Umlotha | azikho ngaphezu kuka-6.0 g ku-100 g |

Imininingwane nge-polyphenols, ama-amino acids kanye ne-caffeine emithonjeni etholakele ayikho.

**8. Izakhiwo eziwusizo:**

Akukho mininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngqo.

**9. Ukwenza itiye:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye elibomvu.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 90–95 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g ku-150 ml.
* **Isitsha:** I-gaiwan noma itiye lika-porcelain.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Shisisa isitsha.
    2. Beka itiye bese uthela amanzi.
    3. Ukuphuzwa kokuqala — cishe umzuzu.
    4. Ukuphuzwa okuphindaphindiwe ngokwandisa kancane isikhathi.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Ephepheni eliqinile elingabonakali, endaweni eyomile emnyama ekamelweni lokushisa, kude namaphunga.

**11. Intengo kanye nemikhiqizo mbumbulu:**

Imininingwane ngezintengo emithonjeni etholakele ayikho.

* **Indlela yokugwema imikhiqizo mbumbulu:**
    * Bheka isibonakaliso esikhethekile sendawo kanye nomkhiqizi ovela esifundeni saseDushan.
    * Khumbula ukuthi imikhiqizo yesifunda ihamba futhi ngaphansi komkhiqizo omkhulu weDuyun Maojian: igama elilodwa ephepheni alisho uhlobo lwetiye.
    * Iqabunga — imicu emincane esontekile enoboya, ukuphuzwa — osawolintshi-kubomvu futhi okhanyayo, iphunga — limnandi.
    * Phakathi kwezinkampani zetiye ezihamba phambili zesifunda, imibiko ibiza i-中缦, i-邦朵, i-云山 kanye ne-绿欣, kodwa uhlu lwabavunyelwe ukusebenzisa isibonakaliso emithonjeni etholakele alukho.

**12. Amaqiniso athokozisayo:**

* Itiye laseGaozhai lingenela “amatiye amathathu adumile aseQiannan” kanye namabili aluhlaza — i-Duyun Maojian ne-Guidng Yunwu.
* Ukuvuna ngokwezidingo zokuvikelwa kuhamba izinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili — kusukela ngoFebhuwari kuze kube sekupheleni kukaSepthemba.
* Engxenyeni ethi “uhlobo” umqulu uphinda igama letiye ngokwalo.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye aseGuizhou:**

* **I-Duyun Maojian (都匀[毛尖](https://thetea.app/zu/article/mao-jian)):** Itiye eliluhlaza laseDuyun elingumakhelwane kanye nomkhiqizo “ongumama”, okungaphansi kwawo kuhamba nemikhiqizo yaseDushan; elesibili “lamatiye amathathu adumile aseQiannan”.
* **I-Yunwu Gong Cha ([云雾贡茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/yunwu-gongcha)):** Iyunwu yaseGuiding — elesithathu eqenjini, itiye lomlando eliluhlaza lesifunda saseGuiding.
* **I-Zunyi Hongcha ([遵义红茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/zunyi-hongcha)):** Itiye elibomvu le-gongfu lasenyakatho yesifundazwe.
* **I-Puan Hongcha ([普安红茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/puan-hongcha)):** Itiye elibomvu le-Qianxinan prefecture eningizimu-ntshonalanga yeGuizhou.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Dushan Gaozhai Cha — itiye lesifunda laseningizimu yeGuizhou elinegama elidala elivela “eqenjini laseQiannan” kanye nencazelo entsha, eningiliziwe ezidingweni zokuvikelwa zango-2025: ukuvutshelwa, ukusongwa, ukuvutshelwa, iqabunga elincane elisontekile elinoboya kanye nokuphuzwa okusawolintshi-kubomvu okumnandi. Umlando walo waziwa okwamanje kuphela ngamagama ajwayelekile, kodwa ukubukeka kwawo nemithetho yokutshala kubhalwe ngokunembile.