---
title: "Duǒbèi chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/duobei-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Duǒbèi chá (朵贝茶)

**I-Duobei Cha** (*Duǒbèi chá*, 朵贝茶) itiye eliluhlaza lasesifundeni sasePuding (普定县) esifundeni sasedolobheni i-Anshun entshonalanga yesifundazwe saseGuizhou. Imithombo yendawo ibiza leli tiye njengophawu lomlando lwesifunda kanye netiye "lentela": ngokwezincazelo ezahlukene, lalithunyelwa enkantolo kusukela ekuqaleni noma ekupheleni kobukhosi bakwa-Ming. Indawo yokuzalwa ithathwa njengedolobhana laseDuobei esigodini saseHuachu, kanti amasimu, ngokwencazelo yesifunda, asezindaweni eziphakeme ezingu-1100–1300 m. Kusukela ngo-2013, i-Duobei Cha ingumkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo kanye nophawu lokuqinisekisa, kusukela ngo-2021 ivikelwa naku-European Union.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*). Akukho mbhalo onikeza ukuhlukaniswa okuqondile; ukuhlukaniswa kuvela encazelweni yekhwalithi embhalweni womkhiqizo onophawu — iqabunga eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, umnqamulajuqu ophuzi ngokuluhlaza. Ngaphansi kophawu "朵贝茶" kuthengiswa netiye elibomvu nelimhlophe kanye netiye lohlobo "黄金芽"; ukuthi ukuvikelwa kuhlanganisa yini lezi zinhlobo akunakutholakala emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye eliluhlaza lasezintabeni laseGuizhou; umkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo kanye nophawu lokuqinisekisa.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe saseGuizhou (贵州, *Guìzhōu*), isifunda sasedolobheni i-Anshun (安顺, *Ānshùn*), isifunda sasePuding (普定, *Pǔdìng*). Umnyombo womlando — idolobhana laseDuobei (朵贝村) esigodini saseHuachu (化处镇) phansi kwentaba iJiangjunshan (将军山), osebeni lomfula iMoxianghe (磨香河).
* **Indawo evikelayo:** Ngokwemibhalo ekopishiwe, izigodi nezifunda eziyishumi nanye zesifunda sasePuding: Chengguan, Huachu, Maguan, Baiyan, Machang, Longchang, Maodong, Bulang, Pingshan, Jichangpo kanye neHouchang. Uhlu lwaziwa kuphela ngemithombo yesibili futhi aluqinisekiswanga nombhalo womemezelo.

**2. Umlando kanye nokubaluleka kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Intela — izincazelo ezimbili.** Iwebhusayithi yesifunda ibhala ukuthi itiye lalithunyelwa enkantolo "kusukela eminyakeni kaHongwu ekuqaleni kweMing, kanti ngesikhathi seQing — nakakhulu." Umnyango wezokukhangisa wesifunda kanye nombhalo womnyango wezolimo wesifundazwe saseGuizhou bahlobanisa ukwaziwa kwaleli tiye nentela eminyakeni kaChongzhen (1628–1644), ekupheleni kweMing. Umbhalo womkhiqizo onophawu unikeza zombili izincazelo: eyesibili — ngokubhekise ku-"Mlando wesifunda sase-Anshun" (安顺府志), kanti ku-"Mlando wesifunda sasePuding" (普定县志) ucaphuna ngokuqapha "ngokwesiko, ngesikhathi seMing itiye laseDuobei laliyintela." Imibhalo yomlando uqobo ayikho emithonjeni etholakele.
    * **Ifomula yendawo.** Umbhalo womnyango wezolimo wesifundazwe uqala ngemigqa ethi ngokufika kwebutho leMing kwavela iDingnan (定南), kanti eDingnan — itiye laseDuobei, intela enkantolo, "eyaqala ngesikhathi seTang, yadluliselwa ngesikhathi seSong futhi yachuma manje." Umbhali nesikhathi semigqa akuchaziwe; ukuqala kweTang neSong kungamazwi efomula, hhayi iqiniso eliqinisekisiwe.
    * **1960.** Ngokombiko womnyango wezokukhangisa wesifunda, ngoNovemba 1960 uZhou Enlai wayebuya eNdiya edlula eGuiyang, futhi ikomidi lesifunda lanikeza itiye laseDuobei. Lowo mthombo ubuye umbhalise encome ngokuthi "色清味甘，芳香浓郁" — "umbala ohlanzekile, ukunambitheka okumnandi, iphunga elimnandi."
    * **1979.** Ngokombhalo womnyango wezolimo wesifundazwe, isichazamazwi "Cihai" (辞海) sohlelo luka-1979 luqukethe irekhodi elithi "普定产朵贝茶" — "ePuding kukhiqizwa itiye laseDuobei."
    * **2007.** Ngokwalowo mbhalo, ngemva kwesinqumo sesifundazwe sokuthuthukisa imboni yetiye isifunda saqala ukuyakha ngaphansi kophawu lweDuobei Cha; ngokombiko epulatifomu "Pengpai", ngaleso sikhathi kwaqala iphrojekthi yokuvuselela "izinkulungwane eziyishumi zama-mu etiye laseDuobei."
    * **2013.** NgoFebhuwari 21, iGeneral Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine yagunyaza ukuvikelwa kweDuobei Cha njengomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo; kurejista yeMofCom ye-PRC lokhu kungumemezelo No. 26 wango-2013. Kukhona lapho kuphawulwa ukuthi igama libhaliswe futhi njengophawu lokuhweba lokuqinisekisa.
    * **2020–2021.** NgoJulayi 20, 2020, ngokombhalo womkhiqizo onophawu, iDuobei Cha yangena ohlwini lokuqala lwesivumelwano seChina ne-EU mayelana nezimpawu zendawo. Kurejista yesivumelwano ibhalwe njenge "Duobei Cha", umfakisicelo — uhulumeni wesifunda sasePuding.
* **Igama:** 朵贝 (*duǒbèi*) — igama ledolobhana nendawo.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Umnyango wezokukhangisa wesifunda ubiza iDuobei Cha ngetiye elidumile lomlando laseGuizhou.

**3. Incazelo yezitshalo kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Uhlobo / Cultivar:** Uhlobo olukhonjisiwe lomkhiqizo alukho emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Izihlahla ezindala:** Ngokombiko we "Pengpai" (2020), ucwaningo olwaqala ngo-2017 lwabala esifundeni sasePuding izihlahla zetiye ezindala ezingaphezu kwezi-18 149, ikakhulukazi ezigodini zaseHuachu, eJichangpo naseMachang. Ukusabalalisa okuhleliwe kwezihlahla ezindala ezikhethiwe, ngokwalowo mbiko, kuqhubeka kusukela ngo-2010. Kukhona lapho isihlahla esidala kunazo zonke eJichangpo sithiwa sineminyaka engaphezu kwe-800.
* **Izihlahla ezindala zaseHuachu:** Ngokombhalo womkhiqizo onophawu, esigodini saseHuachu kunezihlahla zetiye zendawo ezingaba yizinkulungwane ezimbili ezineminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu, ikakhulukazi emadolobhaneni aseBozhen (播仁村), eZhangjiazhai (张家寨村) naseDuobei.
* **Izinga lokuqoqa:** Izinga lesifundazwe lilawula ukuqoqa, kepha izidingo zalo azikho emithonjeni etholakele.

**4. I-Terroir kanye nezici zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Ngokwesizindalwazi sesifunda, izintaba zetiye zisentshonalanga neseningizimu yesifunda sasePuding, kumakhilomitha angu-17 ukusuka enkabeni yesifunda.
* **Ukuphakama kokutshala:** **1100–1300 m** — ngokwesizindalwazi sesifunda nombhalo womkhiqizo onophawu. Isizindalwazi sesifunda sicacisa ukuthi itiye likhula "ezintabeni zamalahle" (煤山) endaweni yaseDuobei.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Ngokombhalo womkhiqizo onophawu, endaweni eyinhloko, isigodi saseHuachu, kunesimo sezulu se-subtropical highland monsoon, esinomswakama. Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi lonyaka ngu-15.1 °C, imvula ecishe ibe ngu-1330 mm ngonyaka.
* **Inhlabathi:** Ngokwesizindalwazi sesifunda, i-pH isuka ku-4.40 iye ku-6.35; isifunda sibiza lezi zinhlabathi "njengesigaba sokuqala" setiye.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza:**

Ubuciko obuningiliziwe abukho emithonjeni etholakele. Isizindalwazi sesifunda sibonisa ukucutshungulwa kuphela ngezithombe ezinamazwibela athi "ukukhiqiza i-cuiya" (翠芽) kanye "nokukhiqiza i-maofeng" ([毛峰](https://thetea.app/zu/article/maofengcha)). Ngetiye eliluhlaza ukulandelana okujwayelekile yilokhu:

1. **Ukunika indawo nokubuna (摊青, *tānqīng*).**
2. **Ukuqinisa (杀青, *shāqīng*):** Ukushisa kumisa i-oxidation.
3. **Ukugoqa noma ukubumba (揉捻, *róuniǎn*).**
4. **Ukomisa (干燥, *gānzào*).**

Lokhu kuyindlela evamile yekilasi, hhayi incazelo yobuchwepheshe beDuobei Cha.

**Izinga:** DB52/T 1070-2015 — izinga lesifundazwe saseGuizhou lomkhiqizo onophawu. Ngokwesifinyezo, lihlanganisa indawo evikelayo, izimo zemvelo, ukuqoqa nokucubungula, izidingo zekhwalithi, izindlela zokuhlola, ukumaka kanye nokugcina; umbhalo wezinga awutholakali emithonjeni etholakele.

**6. Izici ze-Organoleptic:**

Ngokombhalo womkhiqizo onophawu:

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Ukugoqana okuqinile nokulinganayo (条索紧实、匀整). Umbala uchazwa ngamagama amabili angahambisani kahle: "greyish-glossy" (灰润) kanye "nokuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" (翠绿). Ukuthi lokhu kungahambisani kuxazululwa kanjani yizinga akukwazanga ukuqinisekiswa.
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Ayikho imininingwane emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lomnqamulajuqu:** Liphakeme futhi lide (香气高长); umthombo awucacisi ukuthi leli iphunga leqabunga elomile noma lomnqamulajuqu.
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kugcwele, kuthambile, kusha futhi kuvuselelayo (滋味醇厚鲜爽).
* **Umbala womnqamulajuqu:** Uphuzi ngokuluhlaza, ugqamile (汤色黄绿明亮).
* **Isisekelo setiye (iqabunga elisetshenzisiwe):** Ayikho imininingwane emithonjeni etholakele.

**7. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali:**

Umnyango wezokukhangisa wesifunda unikeza imininingwane yokuhlaziywa kuka-1981:

| Inkomba | Okuqukethwe |
| :--- | :--- |
| Izinto ezincibilikayo emanzini | 42.82 % |
| Ama-amino acid | 3.06 % |
| I-tea polyphenols | 25.25 % |
| I-caffeine | 2.77 % |

Ukuthi ubani owenza ukuhlaziywa nokuthi iyiphi indlela, umthombo awusho; lokhu kuyinani lomlando, hhayi inkambiso. Umbhalo womkhiqizo onophawu ubhala ngokwekhwalithi: ama-polyphenols, ama-amino acid, ama-catechin kanye nezinto ezinuka kamnandi ziningi.

**8. Izakhiwo eziwusizo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe mayelana nomphumela waleli tiye ngokwalo.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wekilasi wetiye eliluhlaza.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g nge-150 ml.
* **Izitsha:** Ingilazi yengilazi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Fudumeza izitsha, faka itiye bese uthela amanzi odongeni.
    2. Ukumnika kokuqala — ngemva kwemizuzwana engu-40–60.
    3. Ukuphinda kabili noma kathathu, ushiya ingxenye yomnqamulajuqu.

**10. Ukugcina:**

Umkhuba wekilasi. Ephaketheni elivalekile, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama namaphunga; ukusha kwetiye eliluhlaza kulondolozeka kangcono phakathi nonyaka.

**11. Intengo kanye nemikhiqizo yomgunyathi:**

Ayikho imininingwane ngezintengo zokuthengisa emithonjeni etholakele. Izibalo zemboni yesifunda ziyahluka ngokweminyaka futhi, ngokwendlela ezibekwe ngayo, zibhekisele kulo lonke itiye lesifunda, hhayi kuphela eDuobei Cha: ngo-2021 umnyango wezokukhangisa wesifunda ubize ama-86.1 izinkulungwane zama-mu amasimu, ama-1300 t etiye kanye nama-390 wezigidi zama-yuan, kanti ngo-2023 umbhalo womnyango wezolimo wesifundazwe — ngaphezu kwama-5000 t ngonyaka kanye nama-800 wezigidi zama-yuan yenani eliphelele.

* **Ungagwema kanjani imikhiqizo yomgunyathi:**
    * Funana uphawu olukhethekile lomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo; ngokombhalo, umkhiqizi kuphela ophasisile ongalusebenzisa.
    * Qinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizi ungowesifunda sasePuding.
    * Khumbula ukuthi uphawu "朵贝茶" lubhalwe nakutiye obomvu nomhlophe; incazelo evikelayo — itiye eliluhlaza elineqabunga eliluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nomnqamulajuqu ophuzi ngokuluhlaza.

**12. Amaqiniso athakazelisayo:**

* Itiye lendawo yaseDuobei, ngokwesizindalwazi sesifunda, likhula "ezintabeni zamalahle" (煤山).
* Irekhodi lethe laseDuobei likhona esichazamazwini "Cihai" sohlelo luka-1979.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye aluhlaza aseGuizhou:**

* **I-Pubu Mao Feng ([瀑布毛峰](https://thetea.app/zu/article/pubu-mao-feng)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda sedolobha elifanayo i-Anshun.
* **I-Duyun Maojian ([都匀毛尖](https://thetea.app/zu/article/douyun-mao-jian)):** Itiye eliluhlaza elidume kakhulu laseGuizhou, elivela esifundeni saseQiannan.
* **I-Shiqian Taicha ([石阡苔茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/shiqian-taicha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza elivela kubantu bendawo enyakatho-mpumalanga yesifundazwe.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Duobei Cha itiye eliluhlaza lasezintabeni lesifunda sasePuding, okuyingxenye eqinile yomlando walo — ukuvikelwa ngokomthetho: ukuvikelwa kuka-2013, uphawu lokuqinisekisa, izinga lesifundazwe kanye nendawo ohlwini lokuqala lwesivumelwano ne-EU. Ingxenye yomlando incike kumafomula endawo nasezincazelweni ezimbili ezingahambisani ngentela ngesikhathi seMing. Okubambekayo kakhulu ngaleli tiye — izihlahla ezindala: ngokocwaningo, zingaphezu kwezinkulungwane eziyishumi nesishiyagalombili esifundeni kanye cishe nezinkulungwane ezimbili ezineminyaka eyikhulu esigodini esisodwa saseHuachu.