---
title: "Dàzú sōngmíng"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/dazu-songming
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Dàzú sōngmíng (大足松茗)

**I-Dazu Songming** (*Dàzú sōngmíng*, 大足松茗) wuphawu lwetiye lwesifunda sase-Dazu (大足区) sedolobha elilawulwa ngqo i-Chongqing, lesifunda lesifuna kuliguqula libe wuphawu lwesifunda loluvamile nolunophawu lweendawo. Njengamanje lokhu kungumcabango, hhayi ligama lelivikelwe: ngoJuni 2025, ikhomishana yezolimo yesifunda yaphendula ilungu lekomidi yesifunda kutsi luhlelo lwesicelo selubhaliwe, nekutsi indzawo itawuhanjiswa ikakhulu eceleni kwentsaba i-Bayueshan (巴岳山). Sigaba setiye ngaphansi kwaleligama asikatholakali emitfoleni, kantsi tinkapani tetiye talesifunda tentela kokubili tiye leluhlata kanye netiye lebovu.

**1. Kugcinwa ngeSigaba kanye Nemsuka:**

* **Luhlobo:** Akukanakwa. Incwadi yanga-2025 ibita "大足松茗" njengelinye emahlelweni endawo lasishiyagalolunye, kodvwa ayibeki sigaba; incwadi yekufundzela yetiye ledvumile yaseChina ibhala kuphela ngezinto letisetshenziswayo. Ligama lelisedvute kakhulu ngegama — "石都松茗" ngaphansi kwemkhicito we "石都茗芽" — libizwa ngetiye leluhlata, kodvwa leli lelinye igama. Inkampani yetiye yasedolobheni lase-Gulong ithola imiklomelo yetiye leluhlata kanye nalelibovu, ngako-ke kuniketa uphawu lwekusasa sigaba sinye kungaba kucabanga nje.
* **Sigaba:** Uphawu lwekuhwebelana lwendawo; uphawu lwesifunda loluhlongozwayo loluvamile.
* **Simo sekuvikelwa:** Ayikho inkomba yendawo kanye nophawu lwendawo. Incwadi yekhomishana yezolimo yesifunda № 〔2025〕103号 ichaza kuphela luhlelo: inhlangano, lizinga lelicembu, sincumo ngendzawo, kanye nesicelo sophawu lwesitifiketi sendawo. Ireyistri yephrojekthi yanga-2026 ibala leligama njengesiphakamiso lesingakafakwa.
* **Imsuka:** I-China, idolobha lelilawulwa ngqo i-Chongqing (重庆, *Chóngqìng*), sifunda sase-Dazu (大足, *Dàzú*). Inkhulungwane yetiye yesifunda ivelakakhulu edolobheni lase-Gulong (古龙镇) ngasekucaleni kwentsaba i-Bayueshan.
* **Indzawo lehlongozwayo:** "Ikakhulu eceleni kwentsaba i-Bayueshan". Imingcele ikhomishana beyihlose kuyikhipha emibhalweni yesifunda, emibhalweni yezolimo kanye nasemibhalweni yemikhicito, bese iyidlulisela kuhulumeni wesifunda kutsi agunyate. Indzawo legunyatiwe ayikho emitfoleni letfolakele.
* **Tihlangotsi telizwe:** Sifunda sase-Dazu — cishe 29,7° enyakatho kanye 105,7° empumalanga.

**2. Umlandvo kanye Nekubaluleka Kwemasiko:**

* **Umlandvo:**
    * **Inganekwane ngeBayueshan.** Ngekubika kwembiko wetindzaba we-Hualong wang (华龙网, 2024), tiye yaseBayueshan "水南茶" beyibekwa eceleni kwe-Guanghan "赵坡", i-Emei "白芽" kanye ne-Ya'an "蒙顶" njengematje amane etiye yaseSichuan, futsi beyinikelwa enkantolo. Asikatholi umtfombo wekucala; lesi sitatimende sephephandzaba, futsi asihlangene ngalokusemtsetfweni nemkhicito we-Songming.
    * **1974.** Ngekubika lokufananako, edolobheni lase-Gulong kucalwe kucwenga imincele nekutjala tiye ngebunyenti — ngesisekelo sekutjala lokwendlulile.
    * **Emaphetselweni eminyaka yabo-1970.** Imboni yetiye yaseGulong yasebentisa buchwepheshe lobuncono kakhulu bangaleso sikhatsi betiye lebovu, futsi imikhicito yayo, ngekwemavi ephephandzaba, beyitfunyelwa etsanga eGreat Britain nase-United States. Kamuva kutfumela ngaphandle kwehla, emasimini etiye ashiywa, futsi eminyakeni lemibi kakhulu simo semasimini lokuvunwa kuso besingaphansi kwe-1000 mu.
    * **2006.** Emahlelo lasihlanu — "大足龙芽", "大足松茗", "古龙[毛峰](https://thetea.app/zu/article/maofengcha)", "古龙珍美" kanye "古龙春露" — atfola sitifiketi sikahulumende se "mkhicito loluhlata" (绿色食品, *lǜsè shípǐn*).
    * **2025, Januwari.** Umbiko ngemsebenti wahulumeni wesifunda wabita "大足松茗" emkhicitweni wendawo wekucutjulula lokufanele utfutfukiswe — eceleni kwewayini netinongo.
    * **2025, Juni.** Impendulo yekhomishana yezolimo esiphakamisweni selungu lekomidi mayelana "nekusheshisa kudala uphawu lwetiye '大足松茗' nophawu lomphakatsi lwendawo" (incwadi № 〔2025〕103号 ya-11 Juni, yashicilelwa 29 Julayi).
* **Ligama:** "Dazu" (大足) — ligama lesifunda; "sung" (松) — umsayini; "ming" (茗) — ligama lebhuku letiye. Kuhlangene — "itiye yemsayini": umfanekiso, hhayi inkomba yeluhlobo noma yesigaba.
* **Kubaluleka kwemasiko:** I-Dazu idvume ngemidwebo emadvwaleni (大足石刻), futsi emagameni emkhicito wendawo akhuluma ngetje: "石都" ku "石都茗芽" kanye "石都松茗" kusho "inhlokodolobha yematje", kantsi emkhicitweni we "大足龙芽" kunemugca we "禅茶" — "itiye ye-chan". Edolobheni lase-Gulong itiye iphindze iye ekhishini: emaphephandzaba achaza emashrimpu anelicembu le "龙芽", levunwe ngekucishe emholidini weQingming, kanye nesobho lenkhukhu nemakhowe ngetiye lebovu.

**3. Incazelo yeBotanical kanye Nekusetjenziswa Kwekucala:**

* **Luhlobo / Cultivar:** Atikho tinhlobo emitfoleni letfolakele.
* **Kusetjenziswa:** Incwadi yekufundzela yetiye ledvumile ngetifundza ibhala kutsi i-Songming yenziwa ngehlumela linye nelicembu linye kanye netihloko tasentfwasahlobo (一芽一叶、春尖), letivunwe "endzaweni yemvelo yentsaba i-Gulongshan" (古龙山生态区). Lona ngumtfombo wesibili longenatihlanganiso.
* **Sikhatsi sekuvuna:** Kute imininingwane ngeSongming. Emkhicitweni wesifunda loseceleni "大足龙芽", emaphephandzaba akhuluma ngekuvuna ngekucishe eQingming.
* **Tidzingo tekusetjenziswa:** Ikhomishana beyihlose kuvumelana netinkapani ngemithetho yekukhicita kanye nelizinga lekhwalithi, bese ikhipha lizinga lelicembu; umbhalo walelo zinga awukho emitfoleni letfolakele.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Netakhiwo Tekutjala:**

* **Sifunda:** ENshonalanga yeChongqing. Intsaba i-Bayueshan iyadlulela nasesifundeni lesingumakhelwane i-Yongchuan (永川): incwadi yekufundzela yetiye ledvumile ibita phakatsi kwetintsaba tetiye taseYongchuan.
* **Simo selitulu:** Ngekuchazwa kwephephandzaba — simo selitulu lesincane sase-Gulong, emahlatsi lashubile kanye nemitfombo.
* **Inhlabatsi:** Emaphephandzaba akhuluma nge-selenium ne-strontium (硒锶) etiyeni yendawo, kodvwa akayiniketi tinombolo; akukafanele kufinyelelwa etiphetfweni ngemphilo.
* **Bude bekutjala:** Ayikho imininingwane emitfoleni letfolakele.
* **Indzawo nekukhicita:** Ngekubika kwe-Hualong wang (2024), edolobheni lase-Gulong kunetindzawo lettingetulu kwe-4500 mu emihlanganweni le-26, kuleto tingetulu kwe-2500 mu letivunwayo, kanye netinkapani letimbili tetiye; ngemnyaka lapha kutfola kungaphezu kwama-300 t emacembu lamasha kanye nekungaphezu kwama-60 t etiye leselilungile ngetigidzi letingu-36 zema-yuan — kungu-80% wetiye yesifunda. Incwadi yanga-2025 ibala esifundeni tinkapani letisihlanu tetiye, tisekelo letimbili kanye nemikhicito le-16 ngesitifiketi se "mkhicito loluhlata".

**5. Buchwepheshe Bekukhicita:**

Buchwepheshe be-Songming abukho emitfoleni letfolakele, kantsi sigaba asikakanakwa. Uma uphawu lufaka ekhatsi tiye leluhlata nalelibovu yesifunda, buchwepheshe butawuhluka: etiyeni leluhlata sincanelo lesinkhulu kugcinisisa ngekushisa (杀青, *shāqīng*), etiyeni lebovu kuguca (萎凋, *wěidiāo*), kusonta kanye nekubilisa (发酵, *fājiào*). Lena yindlela levamile yetigaba, hhayi incazelo ye-Dazu Songming.

**6. Timfanelo te-Organoleptic:**

* **Kubukeka kwelicembu lelomile:** Ayikho imininingwane emitfoleni letfolakele.
* **Iphunga lelicembu lelomile:** Ayikho imininingwane emitfoleni letfolakele.
* **Iphunga leliwayini:** Ayikho imininingwane emitfoleni letfolakele.
* **Kunambitsa:** Ayikho imininingwane emitfoleni letfolakele.
* **Umbala weliwayini:** Ayikho imininingwane emitfoleni letfolakele.
* **Licembu letiye (licembu leliphekiwe):** Ayikho imininingwane emitfoleni letfolakele.

**7. Kusebenta Kwemakhemikhali:**

Ayikho imininingwane ye-physico-chemical emitfoleni letfolakele. Kukhuluma nge-selenium ne-strontium emaphephandzaba akuhambisani netinombolo noma nendlela yekuhlaziya.

**8. Timphawu Letilusizo:**

Ayikho imininingwane lehloliwe mayelana nekusebenta kwaloko tiye.

**9. Kuhlanganisa:**

Kuhlangenwe nako kwesigaba. Timphawu tincike ekutseni nguyiphi itiye leliphatswe ngaphansi kwemkhicito.

* **Leluhlata:** 80–85 °C, 3 g nge-150 ml, kuhlanganisa kwekucala emasekhondini langa-40–60, ingilazi noma i-gaiwan, kuphindza katsatfu.
* **Lebovu:** 90–95 °C, 3 g nge-150 ml, kuhlanganisa kwekucala cishe umzuzu, i-gaiwan noma i-porcelain teapot, kuphindza lokunyenti nekudzelela.

**10. Kugcinwa:**

Kuhlangenwe nako kwesigaba. Itiye leluhlata — egcumeni elivalekile, esiqandisini e-0–5 °C, kungabi nekukhanya, umswakama kanye nemaphunga, liphuzwe ngemnyaka munye. Lebovu — endzaweni leyomile nemnyama ezingeni lekushisa leligumbi, egcumeni lelicinile, kude nemaphunga.

**11. Intengo kanye Nekukhwabanisa:**

Ayikho imininingwane ngetintengo emitfoleni letfolakele.

* **Kugwema kukhwabanisa:**
    * Khumbula kutsi ngesikhatsi sencwadi yanga-2025 leligama belingekabi nayo inkomba yendawo noma uphawu lwendawo: lokubhalwa etipaketini lwe-Songming akufakazelwa ngemibhalo.
    * Hlola kutsi umkhiciti uvela esifundeni sase-Dazu, kungcono kakhulu edolobheni lase-Gulong.
    * Ungadidani ne "石都松茗": leli lelinye igama, umkhicito we "石都茗芽".
    * Sitifiketi se "mkhicito loluhlata" umkhicito wasitfola nga-2006; kutsi usekhona yini njengamanje, akukashivo emitfoleni letfolakele — bheka inombolo etipaketini.

**12. Emaphuzu Lajabulisako:**

* Kugucula umkhicito ube wuphawu lwesifunda nophawu lwendawo kuhlongotwe hhayi ngumkhiciti, kodvwa lilungu lekomidi yesifunda lebamele bantfu; impendulo kulesiphakamiso ibe ngumbhalo lomkhulu ngeSongming.
* Empendulweni kunamatshelwe yindlela yekubhalisa inhlangano yomphakatsi: kute kudaleke inhlangano yetiye, kudzingeka emalunga langaphansi kwe-50 emunye ngamunye noma langaphansi kwe-30 ebucopho, kanye nemali lengaphansi kwe-30,000 yuan yemsebenti.
* Emahlelweni lasishiyagalolunye esifunda kunemagama lamabili "emsayini" — "大足松茗" kanye "石都松茗".

**13. Kucatsaniswa naletinye tiye taseChongqing:**

* **I-Yongchuan Xiu Ya ([永川秀芽](https://thetea.app/zu/article/yongchuan-xiu-ya)):** Itiye leluhlata lelinelinaliti lesifunda lesingumakhelwane i-Yongchuan; phakatsi kwetintsaba talo tetiye kubuye kubitwe i-Bayueshan. Yona, ngokungafani neSongming, inophawu lwendawo.
* **I-Banan Yin Zhen ([巴南银针](https://thetea.app/zu/article/banan-yin-zhen)):** Itiye leluhlata lelinelinaliti lesifunda sase-Banan, lelidale, ngekufundzela, nga-1980.
* **I-Nanchuan Dashu Cha ([南川大树茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/nanchuan-dashu-cha)):** Itiye lelivelile eluhlobeni lwendawo lwetihlahla letikhulu tesifunda sase-Nanchuan; ngokungafani neSongming, selivele livikelwe njengemkhicito wezolimo onophawu lwendawo.

**Ekugcineni:**

I-Dazu Songming — ligama lesifunda lesifuna kuphela kuliguqula libe wuphawu lwesifunda. Imibhalo ngalo ikhuluma ngekuphatsa, hhayi ngetiye: luhlelo lwenhlangano, lizinga lelicembu kanye nendzawo eceleni kwe-Bayueshan, lokusafanele kugunyatwe. Itiye kulentaba lenziwa kusukela eminyakeni yabo-1970, kokubili leluhlata nalelibovu; kutsi sitfombe seSongming sitawuba njani nekutsi sinikelelwa kusiphi sigaba, kutawuboniswa lizinga, uma likhishwa.