---
title: "Dàwù lǜchá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/dawu-lucha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Dàwù lǜchá (大悟绿茶)

**I-Dawu Lücha** (*Dàwù lǜchá*, 大悟绿茶) itiye eliluhlaza lase-Dawu County (大悟县) ngaphansi kukamasipala wase-Xiaogan enyakatho-mpumalanga yesifundazwe sase-Hubei, emaphethelweni aseningizimu e-Dabie Mountains. Ngemuva kwegama kukhona imibhalo emithathu: ukuvikelwa komkhiqizo onesikhombi sendawo kusukela ngo-2012, izinga lesifundazwe lika-2014, kanye nophawu lwesitifiketi sendawo. Izidingo zesikhombi zichaza ngaphansi kwegama elilodwa izinhlobo ezintathu zeqabunga — isicaba, *máojiān* kanye ne-*shòuméi*, — kanti izincwadi zekhwalithi zilandela itiye lesimanje lesifunda lisuka epulazini lase-Shuangqiao ekuqaleni kwawo-1980. Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda linelinye futhi igama elivikelwe — i-Dawu Cha (大悟茶): kusukela ngo-2022 lokhu kuyisikhombi sendawo sezolimo, futhi kusukela ngo-2025 kungumkhiqizo onesikhombi sendawo nombhalo wawo.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*). Isigaba siqanjwe egameni futhi siqinisekiswa ubuchwepheshe: ukomisa kancane, ukumisa, ukwakha, ukomisa.
* **Izinhlobo:** Isicaba (扁形茶), *máojiān* ([毛尖](https://thetea.app/zu/article/mao-jian)茶) kanye ne-*shòuméi* (寿[眉茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/meicha)). I-"Shoumei" lapha igama lohlobo lwetiye eliluhlaza, hhayi itiye elimhlophe le-shoumei laseFujian.
* **Isigaba:** Umkhiqizo onesikhombi sendawo (2012); uphawu lwesitifiketi sendawo.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe sase-Hubei (湖北, *Húběi*), umasipala wase-Xiaogan (孝感, *Xiàogǎn*), i-Dawu County (大悟, *Dàwù*).
* **Indawo evikelwe:** Amalokishi namadolobhana ayishumi nesikhombisa esifundeni ngemingcele yawo esebenzayo: i-Chengguan, i-Yangping, i-Fangfan, i-Xincheng, i-Liuji, i-Xiadian, i-Hekou, i-Lüwang, i-Huangzhan, i-Xuanhuadian, i-Fengdian, i-Gaodian, i-Daxin, i-Sanlicheng, i-Dongxin, i-Pengdian kanye ne-Sigu.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo zesifunda:** 114°02′–114°35′ E, 31°18′–31°52′ N.
* **Igama lesibili — i-Dawu Cha (大悟茶, *Dàwù chá*):** Isikhombi esihlukile esinomhloliso waso. Umfakisicelo ngu-Dawu County Tea Industry Association (大悟县茶叶产业协会); indawo yisifunda sonke: amalokishi amathathu, amadolobhana ayishumi nane kanye nezindawo ezikhethekile ezintathu — indawo yokuhlola yesitimela esisheshayo (高铁试验区), indawo yokuthuthukisa umnotho wesifunda kanye ne-Wufengshan Resort (悟峰山度假区), ingqikithi yezigodi zokuphatha ezingama-268. Umbhalo awusho isigaba, kodwa incazelo yawo — izinhlobo ezicaba nezilandelanayo, umbala ophuzi ngokuluhlaza ogqamile — ihambelana netiye eliluhlaza. Isikhungo semboni yetiye yesifunda ngo-2025 sahlukanisa amagama kanje: "大悟绿茶" — umkhiqizo kazwelonke onesikhombi sendawo, "大悟茶" — isikhombi sendawo sezolimo.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Inganekwane yasendulo.** Incwadi yekhwalithi ibhala ukuthi kusukela enkathini ye-Tang itiye lase-Dawu lalithunyelwa enkantolo njengentela. Abukho ubufakazi bombhalo obutholakala emithonjeni etholiwe.
    * **1958.** Ngokusho kwesikhungo semboni yetiye yesifunda ku-"Hubei Daily" (2025), ngo-Okthoba 1958 uGeneral Xu Haidong (徐海东), ongowokuzalwa e-Dawu, wavakashela ikhaya lakhe nomkakhe, kanti unkosikazi, ongowokuzalwa e-Lu'an esifundazweni sase-Anhui, waletha izithombo zetiye ezingama-400 000. Isihloko sephephandaba sikhuluma "ngezihlahla zetiye ezingama-400 000 ze-Liuan Guapian"; ngokombhalo uqobo lokhu izithombo ezivela endaweni lapho kwakhiwa khona i-Liuan Guapian. Enye incwadi nge-Dawu ichaza ngendlela ehlukile: ngawo-1950 uGeneral ngokwakhe waletha esifundeni izithombo ezingama-400 000 ezivela e-Lu'an, ikhaya likankosikazi wakhe. Imithombo iyaphikisana ngokuthi ngubani owaletha izithombo.
    * **Ekuqaleni kwawo-1980.** I-State-owned Shuangqiao Tea Farm (国营双桥茶场) yakha itiye eliluhlaza elihotshiswe ngomugqa elomiswa ngomlilo (条形烘青). Incwadi yekhwalithi ixhumanisa lokhu nokuvela kwe-Dawu Lücha esimweni sayo samanje; enye i-athikili yekhwalithi ibiza leli tiye nge-Shuangqiao Maojian (双桥毛尖).
    * **1983.** Ngokusho kwezincwadi zekhwalithi, itiye laqashelwa njengetiye elidumile lesifundazwe sase-Hubei; enye i-athikili yekhwalithi ibiza kanjalo i-Dawu Lücha, enye i-Shuangqiao Maojian.
    * **2007.** Ngokwerejista yesifundazwe, ngalo nyaka kwabhaliswa uphawu lwesitifiketi sendawo "大悟绿茶" No. 4237408; umfakisicelo ngu-Dawu County Tea Industry Association. Isikhathi samanje sophawu ngokwerejista yesifundazwe ka-2020 sisukela ku-7 Januwari 2017 kuya ku-6 Januwari 2027. Uhlu lwezinkampani zesifunda ezivunyelwe ukusebenzisa lolu phawu lushicilelwa yihhovisi lezobunikazi lesifundazwe.
    * **2010.** I-China Tea Science Society yanikeza isifunda isiqu "sekhaya letiye elidumile laseShayina" (中国名茶之乡).
    * **2012.** Ngomhla ka-18 Disemba, i-AQSIQ yangaphambili ngomemezelo No. 209 yavikela i-Dawu Lücha njengomkhiqizo onesikhombi sendawo.
    * **2014.** Izinga lesifundazwe i-DB42/T 998-2014 "地理标志产品 大悟绿茶": lashicilelwa ngo-18 Juni, laqala ukusebenza ngo-15 Agasti; ngokwerejista yamazinga endawo lisasebenza.
    * **2022.** UMnyango Wezolimo Nezindaba Zasemaphandleni ngomemezelo No. 532 wangomhla ka-25 Februwari, eqoqweni lokuqala lonyaka, wabhalisa i-Dawu Cha (大悟茶) njengesikhombi sendawo sezolimo; umfakisicelo ngu-Dawu County Tea Industry Association.
    * **2025.** I-CNIPA ngomemezelo No. 640 — esayinwe ngo-16 Julayi, ishicilelwe ngo-13 Agasti — yaqashela i-Dawu Cha njengomkhiqizo onesikhombi sendawo. Ngomemezelo ofanayo kwaqashelwa i-Xiaogan Hong ebomvu ([孝感红](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xiaogan-hong)), indawo yayo ehlanganisa ne-Dawu County.
* **Igama:** I-Dawu (大悟) yigama lesifunda; i-lücha (绿茶) — "itiye eliluhlaza".
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Uhulumeni wesifundazwe, ngokwencwadi yekhwalithi, ohlelweni luka-2004 wahlukanisa i-Dawu njengezifunda ezinhlanu ezinkulu ezikhiqiza itiye e-Hubei — kanye ne-Wufeng, i-Hefeng, i-Zhuxi kanye ne-Yingshan. Isikhungo semboni yesifunda ngo-2025 sabiza i-Dawu njengelesihlanu esifundazweni ngobukhulu bensimu. Kusukela ngo-2017 isifunda sengeze itiye elibomvu, kamuva i-matcha kanye nelimhlophe, kwathi ngo-2024 — eliphuzi; igama elithi Dawu Lücha libhekisela kuphela etiyeni eliluhlaza.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe:**

* **Uhlobo / Cultivar:** Izidingo zesikhombi sika-2012 ekuchazeni kwencwadi yekhwalithi zibiza izinhlobo ezithuthukisiwe ezifanele i-Dawu Lücha — i-Echa No. 1 (鄂茶1号), i-Fuding Dabaicha (福鼎大白茶) kanye nezinye.
* **Izinto ezingavuthiwe:** Imiqumbe namaqabunga amahlumela amasha (新梢的芽叶) ezihlahleni zesifunda.
* **Isikhathi sokuvuna:** Kusukela ngoMashi kuya kuMeyi.
* **Izinga lokuvuna:** Ingadi ivulwa lapho amaphesenti ama-5–6 amahlumela esefinyelele eqhumeni elilodwa neqabunga elilodwa. Kuvunwa ngesandla, ngamaqoqo, ngokwezinga, ngaphandle kokunqamula noma ukubamba ngesandla, ukuze ihlumela lihlale liphelele, lisha futhi lihlanzekile.
* **Ngokombhalo we-Dawu Cha:** Uhlobo olubizwayo lunye — i-Echa No. 1. Ukutshala imigqa emibili, izihlahla ezimbili: umugqa omkhulu 1.5 m, phakathi kwemigqa yombhangqwana 0.40 m, isinyathelo 0.33 m, izihlahla ezingama-5000–6000 nge-*mu*, ngoFebruwari — Mashi. Ukuvuna ngesandla, ngamaqoqo ngokuthamba kweqabunga, kusale amaqabunga; ukuphuca amahlumela nokuwabamba ngesandla akuvunyelwe.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Inyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Hubei, emaphethelweni aseningizimu e-Dabie Mountains (大别山), emngceleni wesifundazwe sase-Henan. Incwadi yekhwalithi ibiza indawo eyinhloko yokukhiqiza umugqa i-Chengguan — i-Shuangqiao.
* **Inhlabathi:** Ngokwencazelo yesikhombi — ikakhulukazi isihlabathi esine-asidi nesine-asidi encane; incwadi yekhwalithi ibiza inhlabathi ephuzi-nsundu (黄棕壤) njengenhlabathi evelele.
* **Izidingo zendawo:** Ngokwezidingo zesikhombi — ukuphakama kusukela ku-300 m, i-pH yenhlabathi engu-4.5–6.5, izinto eziphilayo ezingekho ngaphansi kwe-1.5%, ukujula kongqimba lwenhlabathi okungekho ngaphansi kuka-80 cm, inhlabathi evundlile nevumela amanzi ngaphandle kokuma kwamanzi.
* **Izidingo ze-Dawu Cha:** Inhlabathi ine-asidi encane, i-pH engu-4.5–6.0, ijulile futhi ivundlile, izinto eziphilayo ezingekho ngaphansi kwe-1.5%; ukutsheka kungaphansi kuka-25°, lapho kulinywa — ukulima okujulile ngaphezu kuka-60 cm nokwephula izendlalelo eziminyene ezingaphansi.
* **Isimo sezulu:** I-subtropical monsoon, enomswakama, nezinkathi zonyaka ezicacile kanye nokwehluka okukhulu kwezinga lokushisa phakathi kobusuku nemini. Ngokwencwadi yekhwalithi, izinga lokushisa eliphakathi lonyaka lingu-14.9–15.7 °C, imvula ingu-1049–1170 mm, isikhathi esingenasithwathwa siyizinsuku ezingama-227–242; izintaba ezingaphezu kwama-300 m zivame ukuba namafu nenkungu, ilanga lincane lapho. Isikhungo semboni yesifunda sichaza ngokuhlukile: indawo yetiye isenyakatho, inkungu ivamile, imvula ilingene, ilanga lanele, izinambuzane zimbalwa.
* **Indawo:** Ngokwesitatimende sezibalo zesifunda sika-2024 — ama-*mu* angama-242 011 wezingadi zetiye ekupheleni konyaka, kuhlanganisa nama-*mu* angama-198 435 avunwayo; itiye elikhiqizwe ngo-2024 lingamathani angama-9565. Isikhungo semboni yetiye yesifunda ku-"Hubei Daily" (2025) sibiza inani eliyindilinga — cishe ama-*mu* angama-300 000.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Incazelo yesikhombi ibiza imisebenzi emihlanu: ukomisa kancane (摊青, *tānqīng*), ukumisa (杀青, *shāqīng*), ukwakha (做形, *zuòxíng*), ukomisa (干燥, *gānzào*) kanye nokukhetha (精选, *jīngxuǎn*). Izidingo zichaza uchungechunge lohlobo ngalunye:

* **Uhlobo oluyisicaba:** ukomisa kancane, ukumisa, ukwakha (造形), ukuqeda epanini (辉锅), ukukhetha, ukupakisha.
* ***Máojiān*:** ukomisa kancane, ukumisa, ukusonga (揉捻), ukomisa kokuqala (初烘), ukuqondanisa (理条), ukomisa ngokufudumeza ukuthuthukisa iphunga (提香), ukupakisha.
* ***Shòuméi*:** ukomisa kancane, ukumisa, ukuhlikihla (搓揉), ukuqeda epanini, ukufudumeza (烘焙), ukukhetha (拣剔), ukupakisha.

**Ukomisa kancane:** ungqimba luyi-2–5 cm, amahora ama-5–6, ukuncipha kwesisindo kungu-10–15%.

Isinyathelo esibalulekile ekuchazeni kwencwadi yekhwalithi ukumisa:

1.  **Izinga lokushisa lepani:** 150–180 °C.
2.  **Ukufakwa:** 200–250 g weqabunga.
3.  **Indlela:** Ukushisa okuphezulu, iqabunga liphonswa kakhulu kunokumboza, ngokuzungezisa okulingene.
4.  **Isikhathi:** Cishe imizuzu emi-5.

Ngemuva kwalokho iqabunga liyapholiswa bese lisongwa cishe imizuzu emi-5, kuhlukaniswa izigaxa futhi kususwe ukushisa, ukuze lingaphuzi ngenxa yokufudumala okuminyene. Itiye eliqediwe likhethwa ngesandla ukususa amaqabunga amaholo, iziqu kanye nemvuthuluka; umswakama wetiye elingcono kakhulu awukho ngaphezu kwe-6%.

**6. Izici Zesimo Somzimba:**

Incazelo yesikhombi yesigaba esiphezulu:

* **Isimo seqabunga elomile:** Uhlobo oluyisicaba — luyisicaba, libushelelezi futhi licwebezela, liqondile futhi lishubile (扁平光润，挺直尖削); *máojiān* — umugqa omncane ominyene, ugobe kancane (条索紧细微曲); *shòuméi* — luyisicaba kancane futhi luqondile, nezihloko ezigqamile zemiqumbe (略扁直显锋苗).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Azikho izincazelo ezitholakala emithonjeni.
* **Iphunga lokuphisa:** Lithambile futhi lihlala njalo (嫩香持久).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kusha, kuthambile, kuqabulayo (鲜嫩爽口).
* **Umbala wokuphisa:** Oluhlaza okotshani, ogqamile (嫩绿明亮).
* **Itiye elingezansi (iqabunga eliphisiwe):** Lithambile, licwebezela, lilingana (软亮、匀整).

| Isigaba | Iphunga | Ukunambitheka | Ukuphisa | Iqabunga eliphisiwe |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Ephezulu (特级) | Lithambile, lihlala njalo | Kusha, kuthambile, kuqabulayo | Okuluhlaza okotshani, ogqamile | Lithambile, licwebezela, lilingana |
| Eyokuqala (一级) | Lihlanzekile, lihlala njalo | Kusha, kuthambile, kuqabulayo | Okuluhlaza okotshani, ogqamile impela | Licwebezela, lilingana |
| Eyesibili (二级) | Lihlanzekile | Kusha, kuthambile, kuqabulayo impela | Okuluhlaza, ogqamile | Licwebezela impela, lilingana impela |

Umbhalo we-Dawu Cha uchaza ukubukeka kafushane. Uhlobo oluyisicaba — ngamagama afanayo nalawo we-Dawu Lücha (扁平光润，挺直尖削); uhlobo olulandelanayo — ukusonga okuncane okuminyene noboya obugqamile (细紧显毫), iphunga eliphakeme elihlala njalo, ukuphisa okuluhlaza okotshani ogqamile, ukunambitheka okusha nokuthambile nobumnandi obubuyayo emphinjeni (回甘润喉), iqabunga eliphisiwe elilinganayo, ukuphisa okuningi.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Izidingo zesikhombi zibeka izinkomba zomzimba namakhemikhali: umswakama awukho ngaphezu kwe-6.0%, umlotha ophelele awukho ngaphezu kwe-6.5%, imvuthuluka ayikho ngaphezu kwe-2.0%, i-crude fiber ayikho ngaphezu kwe-14.0%, izinto ezincibilika emanzini azikho ngaphansi kwe-38.0%.

Incwadi yekhwalithi iphinda icaphune umphumela wokuhlaziywa kwesikhungo sokuhlola soMnyango Wezolimo: ama-polyphenols angama-24.13%, ama-amino acid angu-4.15%, i-caffeine engu-4.44%, ushukela oncibilikayo ongu-3.07%, ama-catechin ewonke angu-13.749%. Usuku lokuhlaziywa nesampula akuchaziwe, lokhu kuyisampula eyodwa, hhayi umthetho. Umbhalo wezinga i-DB42/T 998-2014 awutholakali emithonjeni etholiwe.

Umbhalo we-Dawu Cha ubeka imingcele ehlukile: ama-polyphenols etiye angekho ngaphansi kwe-19.2%, ama-amino acid amahhala angekho ngaphansi kwe-2.9%, izinto ezincibilika emanzini azikho ngaphansi kwe-46.4% — ngokwe-extract kuqinile kakhulu kunezidingo ze-Dawu Lücha.

**8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye uqobo.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85 °C; esigabeni esiphezulu esithambile — eduze kuka-80 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g nge-150 ml.
* **Isitsha:** Ingilazi yeglasi — lapho uhlobo lweqabunga lubonakala khona — noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Fudumeza isitsha.
    2. Faka itiye bese uthela amanzi odongeni.
    3. Ukuphisa kokuqala — ngemuva kwemizuzwana engama-40–60.
    4. Phuza, ushiya ingxenye yokuphisa.
    5. Thela amanzi futhi.
    6. Ukuphisa okuphindwe kabili-ntathu.

**10. Ukugcina:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Epakishini elivaliwe, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama namaphunga. Kungcono ukuphuzwa phakathi nonyaka.

**11. Intengo kanye Nomgunyathi:**

Ayikho imininingwane ngentengo emithonjeni etholiwe.

* **Uzivikela kanjani emgunyatheni:**
    * Bheka uphawu lomkhiqizo onesikhombi sendawo noma uphawu lwesitifiketi No. 4237408.
    * Qiniseka ukuthi umkhiqizi ungomunye wamalokishi namadolobhana ayishumi nesikhombisa e-Dawu County.
    * Qhathanisa uhlobo nencazelo: isicaba, *máojiān* noma i-*shòuméi*; ukuphisa kuluhlaza okotshani.
    * Ungadidanisi ne-shoumei emhlophe yaseFujian.
    * Bheka ukuthi yiliphi igama elisephaketheni: i-Dawu Lücha ne-Dawu Cha banezincwadi ezahlukene, abafakisicelo abahlukene kanye nezidingo ezahlukene. Umkhiqizi uthola uphawu lomkhiqizo onesikhombi sendawo ngesicelo ngokusebenzisa ihhovisi lendawo lobunikazi, ngemuva kokuhlolwa kwesifundazwe kanye nokugunyazwa yi-CNIPA.

**12. Amaqiniso Athokozisayo:**

* I-"Shoumei" yase-Dawu itiye eliluhlaza, igama elifanayo ne-shoumei emhlophe yaseFujian.
* Isifunda sisemngceleni ne-Henan, lapho kwakhiwa khona i-Xinyang Maojian, futhi sisemazantsi ezintaba ze-Dabie Mountains njenge-Lu'an yase-Anhui.
* Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda linamagama amabili avikelwe — i-Dawu Lücha ne-Dawu Cha, ngalinye linomhloliso walo; ngaphezu kwakho kokubili kukhona indawo ye-Xiaogan Hong ebomvu.
* Ngokwencwadi yekhwalithi, ngawo-1970 emanxiweni ethempeli lase-Guanyin edolobhaneni lase-Xuanhuadian kwatholakala isithombe samatshe esineminyaka ecishe ibe ngama-400 ubudala esinezinkondlo zokuphisa itiye.

**13. Ukuqhathanisa namanye ama-Dabie Mountain Teas:**

* **I-Xinyang Maojian ([信阳毛尖](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xinyang-mao-jian)):** Uzakwabo wase-Henan; itiye eliluhlaza elisongwe ngomucu omncane, eliseduze nohlobo lwe-*máojiān* lwase-Dawu.
* **I-Lu'an Guapian ([六安瓜片](https://thetea.app/zu/article/liu-an-guapian)):** Itiye lase-Anhui elenziwe ngeqabunga ngaphandle komqhumbe, lisuka ohlelweni lwezintaba olufanayo lwe-Dabie; lisuka endaweni yalo, ngokwendaba ka-1958, kwalethwa izithombo eziya e-Dawu.
* **I-Yingshan Yunwucha ([英山云雾茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/yingshan-yunwucha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda sase-Hubei i-Yingshan — esinye sezifunda ezinhlanu ezinkulu zetiye zesifundazwe kanye ne-Dawu.
* **I-Macheng Guishan Lücha ([麻城龟山绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/macheng-gui-shan-lucha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lentaba i-Guifengshan, nalo lisuka ezintabeni ze-Dabie.
* **I-Xiaogan Hong (孝感红):** Itiye elibomvu likamasipala wase-Xiaogan, indawo yalo ehlanganisa ne-Dawu County; laqashelwa ngomemezelo ofanayo we-2025 ne-Dawu Cha.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Dawu Lücha itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda esikhulu setiye emaphethelweni aseningizimu e-Dabie Mountains. Imibhalo yalo iminyene: ukuvikelwa kusukela ngo-2012, izinga lika-2014, uphawu lwesitifiketi, amalokishi ayishumi nesikhombisa endawo, izinhlobo ezibiziwe kanye nezidingo zendawo kusukela ekuphakameni kwama-300 m. Izinhlobo ezintathu ngaphansi kwegama elilodwa — isicaba, *máojiān* kanye ne-*shòuméi* — zihlangana ephungeni elithambile elihlala njalo nasokuphiseni okuluhlaza okotshani ogqamile.