---
title: "Dàtián gāoshān chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/datian-gaoshan-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Dàtián gāoshān chá (大田高山茶)

**Datian Gaoshan Cha** (*Dàtián gāoshān chá*, 大田[高山茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/gao-shan-cha)) — «itiye lasezintabeni laseDatian», igama lezinga elivikelwe letiye lesifunda saseDatian (大田县) esifundeni sedolobha saseSanming enkabeni yesifundazwe saseFujian. Ngaphansi kwegama elilodwa kunezigaba ezimbili — iwulong netiye elibomvu. Indawo — isifunda sonke, ngaphandle komngcele wokuphakama, nakuba, ngokwemithetho yezobuchwepheshe ka-2012, izingadi ezingaphezu kwamamitha angu-600, ngaphezu kuka-90% zilele phakathi kwamamitha angu-800 kuya kwangu-1200.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Alukho uhla olulodwa. Izidingo zokuvikela zichaza iwulong (乌龙茶, *wūlóngchá*) netiye elibomvu (红茶, *hóngchá*) — ezinobuchwepheshe obuhlukile nokubukeka okuhlukile.
* **Isigaba:** Igama lesifunda elivikelwe lesifunda; «elisezintabeni» (高山, *gāoshān*) — yigama elijwayelekile, hhayi uhlobo futhi hhayi isigaba.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe saseFujian (福建, *Fújiàn*), isifunda sedolobha saseSanming (三明, *Sānmíng*), isifunda saseDatian (大田, *Dàtián*).
* **Indawo evikelwe:** Isifunda sonke — amadolobhana angu-19, amadolobha namapulazi, kusukela ePingshan (屏山) naseJiyang (济阳) kuya eShipai (石牌) naseDongfeng (东风).
* **Izixhumanisi zokuma:** 117°29′–118°03′ E, 25°29′–26°10′ N — ngokwesimemezelo se-CNIPA.

**2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Imibhalo yakuqala.** Ngokoshicilelo lwango-2021 kusango le-«Fujian Daily», ukutshalwa kwetiye esifundeni kungalandelelwa kusukela ngonyaka wesibili weLongxing (隆兴) wenkathi yeNingizimu Song, okungukuthi kusukela ngo-1164. Futhi lapho: umlando wesifunda wango-1611 usuvele ukhuluma ngokuhweba kwetiye. Imithombo yokuqala angiyibonanga.
    * **Izinhlobo zaseTaiwan.** Ngokoshicilelo olufanayo, ngasekupheleni kuka-1995 isifunda sangenisa iJin Xuan ([金萱](https://thetea.app/zu/article/jin-xuan)), iQingxin Damao (青心大冇) kanye neRuanzhi Oolong (软枝乌龙); i-athikili yomnyango mayelana neDatian Mei Ren Cha ibeka ukuqala kuka-1998–1999 — izinsuku azivumelani.
    * **2012.** Isibonakaliso sokuma kwezolimo esivikelwe. Isango lesethenjwa, elikopishe izidingo zobuchwepheshe, libhekisela esimemezelweni soMnyango Wezolimo No. 1813 samhla zi-3 kuNcwaba 2012; angikawuqhathanisi nomthombo wokuqala. Umnikazi wesitifiketi — Inhlangano Yetiye Yesifunda SaseDatian (大田县茶叶学会).
    * **2017.** Ngokohlu lwezibonakaliso lwesifundazwe, uphawu lwesitifiketi No. 20158090 lubhaliswe mhla ziyi-14 kuMandulo 2017; umnikazi — Inhlangano Yetiye Yesifunda SaseDatian (大田县茶叶协会), umkhiqizo — «itiye». Ngokoshicilelo lwe-«Fujian Daily» lwango-2021, umnyango wezolimo nezindaba zasemaphandleni wahlonipha igama ngesiqu sesibonelo sikazwelonke sesibonakaliso sokuma kwezolimo esivikelwe (国家级农产品地理标志示范样板).
    * **2025.** Ihhovisi likazwelonke lobuhlakani bempahla yaseChina (CNIPA) ngesimemezelo No. 640 samhla ziyi-16 kuJulayi laqinisekisa imikhiqizo engu-1409 enezibonakaliso zokuma; iDatian Gaoshan Cha — umugqa 546, umfakisicelo — yileyo Nhlangano Yetiye efanayo. Isithasiselo sesibili sibeka izidingo: izinhlobo, inhlabathi, ukuvuna, ubuchwepheshe kanye nokubukeka.
* **Igama:** 大田 — igama lesifunda, ngokwezwi nezwi «insimu enkulu»; 高山茶 (*gāoshān chá*) — «itiye lasezintabeni».
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Ngokwe-«Fujian Daily», iDatian inesiqu «sezwe lokuzalwa letiye lasezintabeni laseChina» (中国高山茶之乡) futhi izibiza ngokuthi iyona kuphela isifunda esinesiqu esinjalo. Ibhrendi eyinhloko yesifunda — «itiye likanokusho» i-Datian Mei Ren Cha ([大田美人茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/datian-mei-ren-cha)).

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Izinhlobo / Ama-cultivar:** Izidingo ze-CNIPA zisho «izinhlobo ezintsha zekhwalithi ephezulu»: iJin Guanyin ([金观音](https://thetea.app/zu/article/jin-guanyin), *jīnguānyīn*), i-Tie Guanyin ([铁观音](https://thetea.app/zu/article/tie-guanyin), *tiěguānyīn*), i-Yuemingxiang (悦茗香, *yuèmíngxiāng*), iDangui (丹桂, *dānguì*) kanye neTaicha No. 12 (台茶12号, *táichá shí'èr hào*) — leli yigama lokubhalisa lohlobo lwaseTaiwan iJin Xuan.
* **Isidingo sohlobo:** Ikloni, ezinzile, evumelana nesimo sezulu sendawo futhi efanele isigaba sayo setiye.
* **Izinga lokuvuna:** Ukuvuna ngokugcina isihlahla, ngamaqoqo nangezikhathi eziningi; ngokwezinga kukhiwa amahlumela aphezulu athambile (嫩芽梢) — ngaphansi kwezidingo zewulong noma zetiye elibomvu; ngokwemibandela ka-2012 — ngokukha ngesandla noma ngesikelo esincane.
* **Izikhathi zokuvuna:** Ayikho imininingwane emithonjeni etholiwe.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Enkabeni yeFujian, umthambeka osentshonalanga wengxenye emaphakathi yochungechunge lweziNtaba zaseDaiyunshan (戴云山). Ngokwezidingo zobuchwepheshe zika-2012, iziqongo ezingaphezu kwamamitha angu-1000 zingu-175, esiphakeme kakhulu — iDaxianfeng (大仙峰), amamitha angu-1553.
* **Ukuphakama kwezingadi:** Futhi lapho: izingadi ezingaphezu kwamamitha angu-600 — izinkulungwane ezingu-66 zama-mu, kuzo ngaphezu kuka-90% zisezingeni lamamitha angu-800–1200.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Isimo sezulu esishisayo esimaphakathi se-monsoon. Izinga lokushisa lonyaka elimaphakathi — 15.3–19.6 °C, imvula — amamilimitha angu-1491.7–1809.6 ngonyaka, isikhathi esingenasithwathwa — izinsuku ezingaphezu kuka-275, ukukhanya kwelanga ngokwesilinganiso amahora angu-1723.8 ngonyaka.
* **Inhlabathi:** Izidingo ze-CNIPA: inhlabathi ebomvu ekwazi ukudlula amanzi, inhlabathi ephuzi-ebomvu nephuzi, iphrofayili ejulile, umthambeka ongaphansi kuka-25°, i-pH 4.8–6.1, izinto eziphilayo 0.6–2.5 %. Ngokwemibandela ka-2012, enyakatho-ntshonalanga yesifunda kunenhlabathi ebomvu, eningizimu-mpumalanga — inhlabathi ephuzi-ebomvu nephuzi, ukujiya kongqimba kuvame ukuba ngaphezu kwemitha.
* **Umquba:** Ikakhulukazi umquba ophilayo obolile, umquba ohlanganisiwe — ngokusekelayo.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Izidingo zibeka uchungechunge lwemisebenzi yesigaba ngasinye, kodwa ngaphandle kwemingcele — amazinga okushisa, isikhathi nomswakama awekho kuzo.

* **Iwulong:**
    1. Iqabunga elisha.
    2. Ukubuna elangeni ([晒青](https://thetea.app/zu/article/shai-qing), *shàiqīng*).
    3. Ukunyakazisa nokubamba iqabunga (做青, *zuòqīng*) — ohlelweni olujwayelekile lwewulong lesi yisigaba sokwenziwa kwe-oxidation ingxenye.
    4. Ukulungisa (杀青, *shāqīng*).
    5. Ukubumba (做形, *zuòxíng*).
    6. Ukumisa (烘干, *hōnggān*).
* **Itiye elibomvu:**
    1. Iqabunga elisha.
    2. Ukubuna (萎凋, *wěidiāo*).
    3. Ukusonga (揉捻, *róuniǎn*).
    4. Ukuvutshelwa, okungukuthi i-oxidation (发酵, *fājiào*).
    5. Ukumisa (烘干, *hōnggān*).

**6. Izici Zokunambitheka:**

Ukubukeka kubekwe yizidingo ze-CNIPA zika-2025; kuyavumelana nezidingo zobuchwepheshe zika-2012.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Iwulong — lisongwe ngokuqinile futhi linesisindo, umbala uluhlaza okotshani omnyama ngokucwebezela okunamafutha (外形紧结、重实；色泽乌绿、油润). Elibomvu — imicu esongwe ngokuqinile (条索紧结).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Ayikho incazelo ehlukile emithonjeni etholiwe.
* **Iphunga lotshwala:** Iwulong — liphakeme, lihlanzekile futhi lihlala isikhathi eside, linephunga lezimbali elicacile (香气清高悠长，花香显). Elibomvu — liphakeme futhi libukhali (香气高锐).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Iwulong — kunothile futhi kuminyene, kunokunambitheka okumnandi nokusha ngemva kokugwinya (滋味浓厚甘爽), «ngezwelo lasezintabeni» (高山茶韵) nokumelana nokuchitheka okuningi. Elibomvu — kumnandi, kusha futhi kuvuselelayo (滋味甘甜鲜爽).
* **Umbala wotshwala:** Elibomvu — ophuzi osagolide, ogqamile (汤色金黄明亮). Kwewulong izidingo aziwusho umbala; kulelo thebula lezinhlobo lika-2012 uyashintsha kusukela kokuphuzi okuluhlaza okotshani nokugqamile kuhlobo oluphezulu kakhulu (绿黄、明亮) kuya kokuphuzi okukhanyayo kweyesithathu nokuphuzi okusawolintshi kweyesine.
* **Izingxenye zetiye ezisetshenzisiwe:** Iwulong — inyama, ithambile, icwebezelayo (叶底肥厚软亮). Elibomvu — elithambile, elibomvu ngokugqamile nelilinganayo (叶底嫩艳匀红).

Ngokwemibandela ka-2012 iwulong ihlukaniswe ngezilinganiso ezinhlanu, elibomvu — ngezine. Izinga eliphezulu kakhulu lelobomvu lapho — imicu emincane enamanothi anegolide (肥嫩紧细、毫显；茸毛金黄) notshwala obubomvu ngokugqamile (红艳), okungahambisani nokubukeka «okuphuzi osagolide» kwencazelo ejwayelekile; imibhalo ayikuchazi lokhu.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Azikho izinkomba zomzimba namakhemikhali ezibekwe yizidingo ze-CNIPA noma yizidingo zobuchwepheshe zika-2012. Ngokuphepha izidingo ze-CNIPA zibhekisela ezinkambisweni zikahulumeni sezizonke, kanti imibandela ka-2012 izibiza ngqo: i-GB 2762 — okungcolisayo, i-GB 2763 — izinsalela zezibulala-zinambuzane. Ayikho eminye imininingwane ngokwakheka emithonjeni etholiwe.

**8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngokwalo.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba — imingcele incike ekutheni yiliphi itiye ngaphansi kwaleli gama osandleni sakho.

* **Iwulong:** 95–100 °C, amagremu angu-5–7 kugaiwan engu-100–110 ml, ukugeza okusheshayo, ukuchitheka kokuqala imizuzwana engu-15–20 ngokwanda kancane kancane, ukuthelwa okuyisithupha kuya kweyisishiyagalombili.
* **Itiye elibomvu:** 90–95 °C, amagremu angu-3 ku-150 ml, ukumnika kokuqala cishe iminithi elilodwa, igaiwan noma itishu le-porcelain, ukuthelwa okuningana ngokukhulisa isikhathi.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Iwulong enephunga lezimbali — emaphaketheni avaliwe, endaweni epholile emnyama, ngaphandle komswakama namaphunga. Itiye elibomvu — endaweni eyomile emnyama ekushiseni kwegumbi, emaphaketheni aminyene.

**11. Intengo kanye Nemikhiqizo Yomgunyathi:**

Ayikho imininingwane ngezintengo emithonjeni etholiwe.

* **Uzivikela kanjani emikhiqizweni yomgunyathi:**
    * Bheka uphawu lwesibonakaliso sokuma noma uphawu lwesitifiketi No. 20158090; umkhiqizi — ovela esifundeni saseDatian.
    * Khumbula ukuthi «elisezintabeni» ephaketheni ngaphandle kwegama lesifunda akuqinisekisi lutho: 高山茶 — yigama elijwayelekile.
    * Hlola ukubukeka: iwulong — iqabunga elinzima eliluhlaza okotshani omnyama elinokucwebezela nephunga lezimbali; elibomvu — imicu eminyene nephunga elimnandi eliphakeme.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezidingweni kukhona iTaicha No. 12, okungukuthi iJin Xuan yaseTaiwan: itiye lasezintabeni laseDatian lisekelwa nasezintweni zaseTaiwan.
* «Itiye likanokusho» (大田美人茶), ibhrendi eyinhloko yesifunda, alishiwongo ezidingweni ze-Datian Gaoshan Cha: liyibhrendi yesifunda ehlukile enezinga layo leqembu.
* Ngokwemininingwane yesifunda ezidingweni zobuchwepheshe, ngo-2009 sakhiqiza amathani angu-3600 etiye; ngokwe-«Fujian Daily», ngo-2019 — izinkulungwane eziyi-12.8 zamathani etiye eliluhlaza (干毛茶, *gān máochá*).

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa Namanye Amatiye:**

* **Shouning Gaoshan Cha ([寿宁高山茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/shouning-gaoshan-cha)):** Nalo itiye elivikelwe «lasezintabeni» laseFujian, kodwa indawo — amadolobhana kuphela angaphezu kwamamitha angu-500, kanti izigaba — itiye elibomvu neliluhlaza.
* **Datian Mei Ren Cha (大田美人茶):** Iwulong ene-oxidation ephezulu yesifunda esifanayo, «itiye likanokusho»; ibhrendi ehlukile, engachazwanga ezidingweni zetiye lasezintabeni.
* **Tie Guanyin (铁观音):** Iwulong yesifunda saseAnxi; eDatian — ingenye yezinhlobo.
* **Gao Shan Cha (高山茶):** Umqondo ojwayelekile wamatiye ezingadi ezisezintabeni, emnyangweni — i-athikili ejwayelekile.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Datian Gaoshan Cha — igama lesifunda sonke, ngaphansi kwalo kune-wulong netiye elibomvu. Imibhalo inemininingwane ngendawo — izingadi ikakhulukazi kumamitha angu-800–1200, inhlabathi ebomvu nephuzi ene-asidi, izinhlobo ze-klone kusukela eJin Guanyin kuya eTaicha No. 12 yaseTaiwan — nangokubukeka: iphunga lezimbali lewulong, ukunambitheka okumnandi okuvuselelayo kwetiye elibomvu. Izinombolo zokwakheka nemingcele yokucubungula azikho kuzo.