---
title: "Chēnzhōu fúchá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/chenzhou-fucha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Chēnzhōu fúchá (郴州福茶)

**I-Chenzhou Fucha** (*Chēnzhōu fúchá*, 郴州福茶) — "itiye lenjabulo yaseChenzhou", uphawu lomphakathi lwesifunda sasedolobheni iChenzhou eningizimu yesifundazwe saseHunan kanye nophawu lwesitifiketi sezindawo. Akulona itiye elilodwa, kodwa yisembozo sezigaba ezine: amazinga eqembu enhlangano yetiye yesifunda yango-2018 achaza ngaphansi kwaleli gama itiye eliluhlaza, elibomvu, elimhlophe kanye ne-oolong. Uhlamvu 福 (*fú*) lusho "injabulo, inhlanhla" futhi alusho isigaba. Ngaphansi kwesembozo kuqoqwe nezimpawu zezifunda — ngokwesibonelo, i-Guidong "Linglong Cha" ne-Zixing "Gounao Gongcha".

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Asikho isigaba esisodwa. Amazinga amane omkhiqizo (T/CZSCYXH 006–009—2018) achaza itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*), itiye elibomvu eliyizintambo (条形红茶, *tiáoxíng hóngchá*), itiye elimhlophe (白茶, *báichá*) kanye ne-oolong (青茶, *qīngchá*).
* **Isigaba:** Uphawu lomphakathi lwesifunda kanye nophawu lwesitifiketi sezindawo; lufakwe ohlwini lwezinkomba zezindawo zikahulumeni waseHunan.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe saseHunan (湖南, *Húnán*), isifunda sedolobha i-Chenzhou (郴州, *Chēnzhōu*).
* **Indawo:** Amazinga ophawu abhekisele etiyeni elikhiqizwe ngaphakathi kwesifunda sedolobha i-Chenzhou; imithetho yokusebenzisa uphawu ngokwalo angizange ngiyibone. Izingadi eziyinhloko, ngokwezinga lokutshala, ziphakathi kuka-112°13′ no-114°14′ empumalanga no-24°53′ no-26°50′ enyakatho.
* **Umnini:** Ngokwemininingwane eyinkomba, ngo-2017 uhulumeni wesifunda wabela inhlangano yetiye yesifunda (郴州市茶叶协会) ukuthi ifake isicelo sophawu, futhi yinhlangano eqhubeka nokuphatha uphawu. Izinombolo zophawu angizange ngizithole.

**2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **2015.** Ngokushicilelwe yi-"Hunan Ribao" ngo-2020, isifunda saqala ukwakha uphawu lomphakathi "郴州福茶".
    * **2018.** Ngo-20 Novemba inhlangano yashicilela amazinga eqembu ophawu, aqala ukusebenza kusukela ngo-1 Januwari 2019 — mayelana nokutshala, ngokucubungula i-oolong kanye ngemikhiqizo yezigaba ezine; sekukonke, ngokwalokho kushicilelwe, ayisishiyagalolunye.
    * **2019.** Uphawu lwabhaliswa njengesitifiketi sezindawo; izinkampani zokuqala zetiye ezingama-25 zathola ilungelo lokulusebenzisa.
    * **2020 no-2024.** Incwadi yesifundazwe "Hunan kafushane" (湖南简况) ibala "郴州福茶" phakathi kwezimpawu ezinezinkomba zezindawo.
    * **2022.** Ngokwemininingwane eyinkomba, ngonyaka inani lezinkampani ezinelungelo lophawu lakhula lisuka ku-24 laya ku-36, futhi uhlu lwazo lwahanjiswa ukuze lubhaliswe eHhovisi Likazwelonke Lezobunikazi Bamqondo. Okunye ukulandisa kubeka inani lama-36 ngo-2023.
    * **2023.** Ngokwe-"Hunan Ribao", uphawu lwangena phakathi kweziyisibonelo ngohlelo "lwamatiye amathathu" (三茶统筹); ukunikezwa kwakuhlelelwe embukisweni wetiye we-15 waseHunan.
* **Uhlelo lwezimpawu:** Ngokwemininingwane eyinkomba, lolu wuhlelo "1+2": uphawu lomphakathi lwesifunda kuhlanganiswa nezimpawu zezifunda kanye nezimpawu zezinkampani. Ukushicilelwa kwango-2020 kubala phakathi kwezimpawu ngaphansi kwesembozo "郴州福茶" i-Zixing "Gounao Gongcha" ne-Guidong "Linglong Cha" — izimpawu zokuhweba ezaziwayo zaseChina kusukela ngo-2014 no-2015.
* **Igama:** Inganekwane, ekulandiswa yizincwadi zendawo, ithi uShennong wathola itiye eZixing, futhi ngenxa yalokhu kuhlala itiye laqala ukubizwa ngokuthi "elinjabulo". Incazelo yesibili — isidlaliso sesifunda "idolobha lenjabulo" (福城), elihlobene nentaba i-Suxianling (苏仙岭).
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Ukushicilelwa kwango-2020 kubiza inkomishi "yetiye lenjabulo" ngesiko lokungenisa izihambi lesifunda futhi kubhala ukuthi uLu Yu, edlula eChenzhou, wabiza umthombo wendawo i-Yuanquan (圆泉) ngomthombo weshumi nesishiyagalombili wezwe laseChina.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nempahla Eluhlaza:**

* **Izinhlobo / Ama-cultivar:** Izinga lokutshala lidiga izinhlobo ezithuthukisiwe zama-clone, ezifanele izimo zendawo nesigaba setiye, kodwa alizibizi ngezinhlobo. Izinga letiye elimhlophe le-Bai Mu Dan libiza izinhlobo ezinoboya obuningi — 福丁大白 (kanjalo embhalweni), 福鼎大毫 kanye ne-福云六号.
* **Amazinga okuvuna:** Etiyeni eliluhlaza lezinga eliphezulu — ikakhulukazi ihlumela elilodwa, elesithathu — ihlumela elinamaqabunga amabili amathathu; elibomvu — kusukela ehlumeleni elilodwa nehlumela elineqabunga kuya ehlumeleni elinamaqabunga amathathu; le-Bai Hao Yin Zhen — ihlumela elilodwa, le-Bai Mu Dan ne-Gong Mei — ihlumela elineqabunga elilodwa amabili; i-oolong — ihlumela elinehlumela eselele ngenhla kanye namaqabunga amabili amane (开面采, *kāimiàn cǎi*).

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Ngokushicilelwa kwango-2020 — isimo sezulu se-subtropical monsoon, ukuhlangana kwezintaba i-Nanling ne-Luoxiao, imithombo yemifula i-Xiangjiang, i-Zhujiang ne-Ganjiang.
* **Ukuphakama:** Izinga lokutshala lilekelela ezingadini eziyinhloko 500–1500 m.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Ngokwaleso zinga — 1380–1670 mm imvula ngonyaka, izinga lokushisa eliphakathi 15–18 °C, 1370–1500 amahora elanga, umehluko omkhulu phakathi kosuku nobusuku, ukukhanya okuningi okuhlakazekile; ubuncane obuphelele −5…−7 °C.
* **Inhlabathi:** Ngokwezinga — emagranite agugulekile, emadwaleni nasematsheni esihlabathe nasemfuleni; i-acidic kancane, i-pH 4,5–6,0, ungqimba olungaphansi kuka-30 cm; umthambeka 10–25°.
* **Indawo:** Ngokwemibiko ye-"Hunan Ribao", ekupheleni kuka-2019 esifundeni kwakukhona izinkulungwane ezingama-384,2 ze-mu zezingadi, ekupheleni kuka-2022 — izinkulungwane ezingama-433,3 ze-mu kanye namathani ayi-17,1 etiye ngonyaka.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Abukho ubuchwepheshe obufanayo besambulela; amazinga abeka uhlaka lwesigaba ngasinye.

* **Okuluhlaza:** ukulungisa (杀青, *shāqīng*), ukusonta (揉捻, *róuniǎn*), ukomisa (干燥, *gānzào*).
* **I-oolong:** ukubuna (萎凋, *wěidiāo*), ukunyakazisa iqabunga (做青, *zuòqīng*), ukulungisa, ukusonta, ukomisa; i-oolong inezinga layo elihlukile lokucubungula.
* **Okumhlophe:** ukubuna, ukomisa kanye nokukhetha (拣剔, *jiǎntī*).
* **Okubomvu:** ngokomthetho ohlukile wokucubungula, engingazange ngiwubone; izinga lomkhiqizo alizibali izigaba.

**6. Izici Zokunambitheka:**

Indlela evamile yophawu ekushicilelweni ibizwa ngokuthi "香气清悠高长，滋味浓醇甘爽" — iphunga elihlanzekile eliphakeme elide kanye nokunambitheka okugcwele, okuthambile, okumnandi nokuvuselelayo. Ngezansi — izidingo zamazinga ezingeni eliphakeme lesigaba ngasinye.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Okuluhlaza — amahlumela aqonde noma ama-curls aqinile, aluhlaza okotshani, anoboya; okubomvu — izintambo ezincane ezinoboya begolide, zimnyama zicwebezela; i-Bai Hao Yin Zhen — amahlumela amakhulu ayizinaliti, ampunga asiliva; i-oolong — izintambo eziqinile eziqinile, zimnyama zicwebezela.
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Amazinga awalichazi; akukho mininingwane.
* **Iphunga lokudla:** Okuluhlaza — okumnene, okuphakeme, okude; okubomvu — okumnandi okugcwele; izinaliti — okuhlanzekile, kunephunga loboya; i-oolong — okuqinile kwezimbali.
* **Ukunambitheka:** Okuluhlaza — okusha, nokubuya okumnandi; okubomvu — okugcwele, okumnandi nokuvuselelayo; izinaliti — okusha, nokunambitheka koboya; i-oolong — okuqinile nokuthambile.
* **Umbala wokudla:** Okuluhlaza — kuluhlaza okotshani okumnene; okubomvu — kubomvu ngokugqamile; izinaliti — kunsundu ngokukhanyayo; i-oolong — kusagolide.
* **Iqabunga letiye (iqabunga elidliwayo):** Okuluhlaza — eliluhlaza okotshani okumnene; okubomvu — elinamahlumela, libomvu ngokulinganayo; izinaliti — elikhulu nelithambile; i-oolong — elithambile, elinomngcele obomvu ogqamile.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Izidingo ze-physicochemical zamazinga (ukungafani — ngokwezigaba):

| Inkomba | Okuluhlaza | Okubomvu | Okumhlophe | I-Oolong |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Umswakama, % hhayi ngaphezulu | 6,0–7,0 | 6,0–7,0 | 7,0 | 6,0–7,0 |
| Umsoco wamanzi, % hhayi ngaphansi | 36,0–38,0 | 32,0–33,0 | akukho | 32–33 |
| Umlotha ophelele, % hhayi ngaphezulu | 6,0–7,0 | 5,5–6,0 | 6,5 | 7,0–8,0 |
| Ifayibha eluhlaza, % hhayi ngaphezulu | 12–13 | 14–16 | akukho | akukho |

Ama-polyphenol emibhalweni eshicilelwe: 15 % kokuluhlaza kanye no-8 % kokubomvu anophawu "hhayi ngaphezulu" — mhlawumbe lokhu kuyiphutha lokubhala ophawini. Ukushicilelwa kwango-2020 kubhala ukuthi ama-polyphenol nama-catechin etiyeni lesifunda angaphezulu kwesilinganiso sesifundazwe ngaphezu kuka-10%, ngaphandle kokusho indlela.

**8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye kanye.

**9. Ukwenziwa Kwetiye:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Okuluhlaza — 80–85 °C, 3 g ku-150 ml, 40–60 amasekhondi; okubomvu — 90–95 °C, 3 g ku-150 ml, cishe umzuzu; okumhlophe — 85–90 °C, 4–5 g ku-150 ml, cishe umzuzu; i-oolong — 95–100 °C, 6–7 g ku-110 ml e-gaiwan, ukuchitheka okungama-20–40 amasekhondi.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Okuluhlaza — kuvaliwe, efrijini ku-0–5 °C, kudliwe ngonyaka; okubomvu, okumhlophe ne-oolong — endaweni eyomile emnyama ezingeni lokushisa legumbi. Konke — ukupakishwa okuqinile futhi akukho maphunga angaphandle.

**11. Intengo kanye Nemikhiqizo Yomgunyathi:**

Ayikho imininingwane ngezintengo emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Ungayigwema kanjani imikhiqizo yomgunyathi:**
    * Bheka uphawu lwesitifiketi sezindawo "郴州福茶".
    * Hlola ukuthi umkhiqizi ungowesifunda sedolobha i-Chenzhou futhi ungomunye wezinkampani ezinelungelo lophawu.
    * Bheka isigaba ekupakisheni: ngaphansi kophawu olulodwa kukhona amatiye amane ahlukene.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Ezingeni letiye elibomvu umusho, obhekisele etafuleni lezokunambitheka, ubiza olunye uphawu — "潇湘红"; itafula ngokwalo nombhalo wonke ukhuluma nge "郴州福茶".
* Ngaphandle kwe-Bai Hao Yin Zhen, i-Bai Mu Dan ne-Gong Mei, izinga letiye elimhlophe lichaza "itiye elimhlophe lobuchwepheshe obusha" elisontiwe (新工艺白茶).
* Ngokushicilelwa kwango-2020, izinaliti zesiliva zaseRucheng "汝白银针" ngo-1997 zathola igolide embukisweni wamazwe ngamazwe eParis.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa Namanye Amatiye:**

* **I-Linglong Lü Cha ([玲珑绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/linglong-lucha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda saseGuidong; ukushicilelwa kwango-2020 kubiza "玲珑茶" phakathi kwezimpawu ngaphansi kwesembozo "郴州福茶".
* **I-Rucheng Bai Mao Cha ([汝城白毛茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/rucheng-baimaocha)):** Itiye lesifunda saseRucheng elivela emthonjeni wendawo wasendle onoboya; linophawu lwalo ohlwini lwaseHunan.
* **I-Chengbu Dongcha ([城步峒茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/chengbu-dongcha)):** Itiye laseHunan, ukushicilelwa kwango-2020 kubeka eduze ne-Rucheng Bai Mao Cha phakathi kwezinsiza ezintathu zetiye zasendle eziyigugu zesifundazwe.
* **I-Enshi Xicha ([恩施硒茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/enshi-xicha)):** Isambulela sesifunda sesifundazwe saseHubei phezu kwamatiye ezigaba ezahlukene.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Chenzhou Fucha akusilo uhlobo, kodwa isembozo sesifunda phezu kwezigaba ezine zetiye. Insika yayo — amazinga eqembu ango-2018 anokuphakama kwezingadi, inhlabathi, ukuvuna, ukubukeka kanye nezilinganiso zesigaba ngasinye, kanti uphawu lwango-2019 luxhumanisa konke lokhu nendawo yesifunda. Ngemuva kokunambitheka kufanele uye ezimpawini zezifunda ngaphansi kwesembozo, bese ekupakisheni ubheka kokubili uphawu nesigaba.