---
title: "chábóhuì"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/chabohui
lang: zu
updated: 2026-07-21
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# chábóhuì (茶博会)

Umbukiso wetiyi ( *chábóhuì*, 茶博会) awuyona nje indawo yokuhweba, kodwa uwukuphila okuminyene komkhakha wonke: ezinsukwini ezimbili noma ezintathu ehholo elilodwa kuhlangana amasimu, izimboni, amazinga kahulumeni, ukumaketha kanye nesiko lokunambitha. Ukufunda 'ukufunda' umbukiso onjalo kusho ukukwazi ukwehlukanisa i-terroir ekupakishweni, uhlobo lwetiye esiqubulini, kanye nesitifiketi esitikeni.

## Yini umbukiso wetiyi nokuthi wenziwa kuphi

Ifomethi yesimanje yombukiso wetiyi waseShayina yakheka ngeminyaka yawo-2000 kanye nokukhula kwemakethe yabathengi basekhaya. Namuhla, kunezindawo ezimbalwa ezithathwa njengezinkulu kunazo zonke: i-**China International Tea Expo** kahulumeni ( *Zhōngguó guójì cháyè bólǎnhuì*, 中国国际茶叶博览会) e-Hangzhou ( *Hángzhōu*, 杭州), kanye nochungechunge lwemibukiso yezohwebo i-**Huajuchen** ( *Huájùchén*, 华巨臣) e-Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Beijing nakwamanye amadolobha. Izinsuku eziqondile nobukhulu kuyashintsha unyaka nonyaka, ngakho kufanele kucaciswe ngaphambi kohambo.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlukanisa izinhlobo ezimbili zemicimbi. Eyokuqala — imibukiso ye-**B2B/yezimboni**, egxile kubathengi, izimboni kanye nokusabalalisa. Eyesibili — **imakethe yabathengi** ( *chá zhǎn*, 茶展), lapho umphakathi ufika ukuzonambitha nokuthenga. Empeleni, imicimbi eminingi emikhulu ixubile, kodwa ithoni yamahholo yehlukile: kwenye indawo kukhulunywa ngamathani nezivumelwano, kwenye — nge flavour nokupakishwa kwesipho.

## Indawo yehholo: isikhala sihlelwe kanjani

Ihholo lombukiso liyimephu yeShayina encane. Izitendi cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi zihlelwa ngezindlela ezimbili ngesikhathi esisodwa: **ngohlobo lwetiye** kanye **nangesifunda sendabuko**.

Amaphevilion esifunda ngokuvamile ahlelwa yizinhlangano zendawo zetiye noma iziphathimandla zezifunda. Kanjalo kuvela "iziqhingi": indawo ye-*Pǔ'ěr* (普洱) ne-*Lìncāng* ([临沧](https://thetea.app/zu/article/lincang)) yaseYunnan, iphevilion yamatshe aseWuyi i-*Wǔyíshān* (武夷山) yaseFujian, indawo ye-*Ānxī* (安溪) nama-oolong e-*tiěguānyīn* ([铁观音](https://thetea.app/zu/article/tie-guanyin)), izitendi ze-*Xīhú* (西湖) ne-*lóngjǐng* (龙井), 'itiye elimnyama' laseHunan i-*ānhuà hēichá* ([安化黑茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/anhua-heicha)), ne-*liùbǎochá* ([六堡茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/liu-bao-cha)) yaseGuangxi. Ukuqonda lokhu kuhlelwa ngokwendawo kungukhiye wokuqala: wazi kusengaphambili ukuthi iyiphi ikhona yehholo ongabheka kuyo uhlobo oludingayo.

Uhlaka lwesibili luwuhlelo lwezikhundla. Izinkampani ezinkulu zikahulumeni kanye namakhamembi anezitendi ezinkulu ezinezindawo zokuxoxisana; abakhiqizi abancane nezimboni ( *cháchǎng*, 茶厂) banamatafula ahlangene, lapho umkhiqizi ngokwakhe evame ukuhlala khona. Kumthengi oqotho, ifomethi yesibili ivame ukuthakazelisa kakhulu: isondele emthonjeni futhi nokuxoxa kuyiqiniso.

## Izigaba eziyisithupha: ozokubona ematafuleni

Ukuhlukaniswa kwetiye waseShayina ngezinhlobo eziyisithupha kuwuhlelo olusebenzayo lokuzulazula kunoma yimuphi umbukiso. Ngokwezinga le-oxidation kanye nobuchwepheshe, yilezi:

- **Oluhlaza** ( *lǜchá*, 绿茶) — awu-oxidized, unamandla ngokomthamo wemakethe yasekhaya; bheka i-*lóngjǐng*, i-*bìluóchūn* ([碧螺春](https://thetea.app/zu/article/biluochun)), i-*máofēng* (毛峰).
- **Ophuzi** ( *huángchá*, 黄茶) — isigaba esingavamile esinesigaba 'sokuconsa' i-*mèn huáng* (闷黄); sikhona ngokuncane.
- **Omhlophe** ( *báichá*, 白茶) — ukucutshungulwa okuncane, i-*báiháo yínzhēn* ([白毫银针](https://thetea.app/zu/article/baihao-yinzhen)) yaseFujian kanye ne-*báimǔdān* ([白牡丹](https://thetea.app/zu/article/bai-mudan)); bavame ukuthengiswa ngama-'cake' acindezelwe anonyaka okhiqizwe ngawo.
- **I-Oolong** ( *wūlóng*, 乌龙) — i-oxidized ngokwengxenye; amatiye amatshe aseWuyi i-*yánchá* (岩茶), i-*tiěguānyīn* yaseAnxi, i-*fènghuáng dāncōng* (凤凰单丛) yaseGuangdong.
- **Obomvu** (ngokwaseNtshonalanga 'omnyama', *hóngchá*, 红茶) — i-oxidized ngokuphelele; i-*qímén* (祁门), i-*diānhóng* ([滇红](https://thetea.app/zu/article/dianhong)), i-*zhèngshān xiǎozhǒng* ([正山小种](https://thetea.app/zu/article/zheng-shan-xiao-zhong)).
- **Omnyama** ( *hēichá*, 黑茶) — avuthiwe emva kokuqeda; lokhu kuhlanganisa i-*pǔ'ěr* shu kanye ne-sheng, i-*ānhuà*, i-*liùbǎo*.

Kubalulekile: embukisweni uzobona nemikhiqizo 'ephakathi' — itiye elinambitheke ngezimbali ( *huāchá*, 花茶, ikakhulukazi i-jasmine), kanye netiye elfomathini yabathengi besimanje: izikhwama, 'ama-dragon ball', ama-mini-tuo. Lesi akusona isigaba esihlukile, kodwa kuyindlela yokupakisha.

## Ukufunda amalebula namazinga e-GB/T

Ikhono eliyinhloko 'lokufunda' umbukiso yikhono lokuhlaziya ilebula. IShayina ilawula itiye ngohlelo lwamazinga kazwelonke i-**GB/T**, futhi ekupakishweni komkhiqizi oqotho ayabalwa. Uphawu lwezinga likhombisa ukuthi umkhiqizo wenziwe futhi wahlukaniswa ngayiphi inqubo.

Okumele ukubheke:

- **Ikhodi yezinga le-GB/T** ephepheni lemininingwane. Ezigabeni eziningi kunamazinga ahlukene (isibonelo, okokuhlaza, okubomvu, i-oolong, okumhlophe, i-puer — ngayinye inenombolo yayo). Izinombolo eziqondile kufanele ziqhathaniswe nohlelo lwamanje, njengoba amazinga ebuyekezwa ngezikhathi ezithile; embukisweni kuyasiza ukubuza umthengisi ngokuqondile ukuthi itiye linikezwe isitifiketi ngaphansi kwayiphi i-GB/T.
- **Izinkomba zendawo** ( *dìlǐ biāozhì*, 地理标志). Inani lamatiye adumile avikelwe njengomkhiqizo wendawo ethile; igama elivikelwe liwuphawu lwe-terroir elawulwayo.
- **Usuku lokukhiqiza nesikhathi**. Kutiye oluhlaza kanye nolune-oxidation encane, ukusha kubalulekile — bheka unyaka omusha wesivuno. Kutiye olumhlophe, i-puer, netiye elimnyama, ngokuphambene, unyaka ukhombisa amandla okuguga kahle.
- **Uhlobo lwetiye kanye nezinto ezingavuthiwe**. Isitendi esiqotho sizoqamba ngokwe-cultivar ( *pǐnzhǒng*, 品种), isibonelo i-*fúdǐng dàbái* (福鼎大白) yetiye elimhlophe laseFujian noma uhlobo lwamacembe amakhulu i-*dàyèzhǒng* (大叶种) lwaseYunnan lwe-puer.

Uhlelo lolimi oluhlukile lungolwe-**puer**. Lapha kutholakala ukumakwa kwendabuko kwezimboni **[唛号](https://thetea.app/zu/article/maihao)** ( *màihào*) — ikhodi yeresiphi enezinombolo ezine yezimboni ezifana ne-*Měnghǎi* ([勐海](https://thetea.app/zu/article/meng-hai), Menghai). Akufanele yakhiwe noma ihunyushwe ngokuqagela: uma ikhodi ingashiwongo, kungcono ukuyiyeka kunokucabangela. Futhi, hlukanisa phakathi kwe-**shēng** (生, 'eluhlaza') ne-**shú/shóu** (熟, 'elivuthiwe', elidlule ekuvutsheni okusheshisayo *wòduī*, [渥堆](https://thetea.app/zu/article/wodui)) i-puer — lokhu kuyimikhiqizo emibili ehlukene enezindlela ezihlukene ze-flavour nokugcinwa.

## Ukunambitha esitendini: umthetho nezimpawu

Umbukiso uyithuba lokuphuza. Ematafuleni uzobona izindlela ezimbili. Eyokuqala — **ukusheleza nge-gaiwan** ( *gàiwǎn*, 盖碗): itiye lishalazwa ngokufakwa okufushane emanzini, okukuvumela ukuthi ulifunde ungqimba ngongqimba. Eyesibili — **ukushalaza okujwayelekile kokuhlola**, okusondele endleleni yokunambitha yobuchwepheshe ( *shěnpíng*, 审评): isisindo esimisiwe, umthamo kanye nesikhathi, ukuze kuqhathaniswe amasampula ngokuthembekile.

Izimpawu ezisebenzayo zekhwalithi ezifundeka etafuleni:

- **Icelemba elomile**: ubuqotho, ukufana, ukuhlanzeka kokusontwa, ukungabikho kokuphuka ngokweqile nothuli.
- **Iphunga**: ukucaca 'nokuhlanzeka' ngaphandle kwamanothi angajwayelekile, abolile noma entuthu (ngaphandle uma intuthu iwuphawu lwesitayela, njengaku-*zhèngshān xiǎozhǒng*).
- **Ummbimbi**: ukungafiphali nokugqama kombala; ukufiphala kuvame ukukhombisa amaphutha.
- **Icelemba elisetshenzisiwe** ( *yèdǐ*, 叶底): ukunwebeka, umbala olinganayo, amahlamvu aphelele kanye nemiqumbe — 'i-x-ray' engcono kakhulu yezinto ezingavuthiwe.

Umdayisi omuhle akaphuthumi futhi udela itiye kaningi ngokukhululeka. Ukucindezela okuphikelelayo kokuthi "thenga manje" — kuyisizathu sokuqapha.

## Umlando nesiko: kungani imibukiso ibalulekile emkhakheni

Imibukiso yetiye yakhula emasikweni amadala ezimakethe nokuthenga, kodwa ngalesi simo samanje iwumkhiqizo wenguquko, ukuvuleka, kanye nokukhula kwesigaba esiphakathi sasemadolobheni. I-Expo kahulumeni e-Hangzhou ixhumene ngokwesikhungo neqiniso lokuthi lesi sifunda siyinhliziyo yomlando wokutshalwa kwetiye laseShayina kanye nesizinda sezikhungo zesayensi nezemnyuziyamu. Imibukiso yezohwebo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ibe yisibonelo sokuvuselelwa kwezigaba: yiyona nge-2000–2010s umthengi omningi avula ngayo kabusha itiye elimhlophe, i-puer egugile, nama-oolong angajwayelekile.

Namuhla umbukiso wenza imisebenzi emithathu ngesikhathi esisodwa: **eyezohwebo** (izivumelwano nokuthengiswa kwenqwaba), **eyezemfundo** (izinkulumo, imincintiswano yokushalaza, amaworkshop) kanye **neyesithunzi** (imiklomelo nemincintiswano, lapho amatiye ahlolwa yijaji). Ukuqonda lezi zindima kusiza ukuthi ungaphambanisi 'indondo yombukiso' yokumaketha nezinga elizimele lekhwalithi.

## Ungawuhlukanisa kanjani umhlubulo ekusongeni

Ikhono lokugcina lokufunda umbukiso wukungakholelwa endabeni ekutshelwa yona. Izinkomba ezimbalwa:

- **"Izihlahla Zasendulo" ne-"gushu"** ( *gǔshù*, [古树](https://thetea.app/zu/article/gushu-dashu-taidi-yesheng)). Igama elisho izihlahla zetiye ezindala lisetshenziswa kabi ekumaketheni i-puer kaningi kunalapho livela khona empeleni. Cela imininingwane ethile: isifunda, intaba, unyaka, bese unambitha, ungakholelwa esiqubulini.
- **Intengo eyisimangelo ngokumelene ne-terroir**. Igama elidumile ( *lóngjǐng*, *tiěguānyīn*) akusona isiqinisekiso sendawo; inkomba yendawo ne-flavour kubaluleke ngaphezu kwegama.
- **Ukupakishwa kwesipho**. Ibhokisi lokuphana eliwubukhazikhazi ngokuvamile libiza kakhulu kunetiye ngokwalo. Hlukanisa ibhajethi 'yokuqukethwe' 'neyokuhlobisa'.
- **Ukusha ngokwesigaba**. Kuttadi oluhlaza — okusha, kungcono; kuttadi omnyama nomhlophe — unyaka wokuguga ungaba wubuhle. Uphawu olufanayo lufundeka ngendlela ehlukile kuye ngohlobo.

Ukufunda umbukiso wetiyi kusho ukugcina amamephu amathathu ngesikhathi esisodwa: indawo yehholo, izigaba eziyisithupha, nolimi lwamazinga e-GB/T. Lapho lezi zendlalelo ezintathu zihlangana, iphevilion elinomsindo liphenduka uhlelo oluqondakalayo, futhi inkomishi yetiye esitendini iba yisitatimende esingaqinisekiswa nge-terroir, uhlobo lwetiye, kanye nobuchwepheshe.