---
title: "Běipǔ péngfēng chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/beipu-pengfeng-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Běipǔ péngfēng chá (北埔膨風茶)

**I-Beipu Pengfeng Cha** (*Běipǔ péngfēng chá*, 北埔膨風茶) — “itiye eliqhoshayo” elivela esifundeni sase-Beipu (北埔鄉) esifundazweni sase-Hsinchu enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Thayiwani. Leli yigama lendawo lalolo hlobo lwe-oolong olwaziwa kabanzi ngokuthi “inhle yasempumalanga” ([東方美人](https://thetea.app/zu/article/dongfang-meiren)茶) kanye “ne-oolong enoboya obumhlophe” (白毫烏龍茶): itiye elivela emahlumela okuthi phakathi nehlobo agwazwe i-leafhopper yetiye (小綠葉蟬). Igama elithi “北埔膨風茶” wuphawu lokuqinisekisa imvelaphi, umnikazi walo okuyimphathimandla yesifunda, kanti indawo yawo okuyisifunda uqobo; ngalokhu itiye lase-Beipu lehlukile “kunhle yasempumalanga”, eyenziwa ezifundazweni ezimbalwa.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** I-oolong (烏龍茶, *wūlóngchá*); ngokwe-Wikipedia yesiShayina, phakathi kwama-oolong avutshelwe ngokwengxenye angenwa ohlelweni lwalawo avutshelwe kakhulu.
* **Isigaba:** I-oolong yase-Thayiwani eyenziwa ngeqabunga elilinyazwe i-leafhopper; uphawu lokuqinisekisa imvelaphi (產地證明標章) “北埔膨風茶”.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-Thayiwani (臺灣, *Táiwān*), isifundazwe sase-Hsinchu (新竹縣, *Xīnzhú xiàn*), isifunda sase-Beipu (北埔鄉, *Běipǔ xiāng*).
* **Indawo yophawu:** Ngokombhalo wophawu njengoba ulandiswa ekubuyekezweni kwezimpawu zemvelaphi zetiye lase-Thayiwani kubhulogi ka-Tu Gongzi (2020) — isifunda sase-Beipu esifundazweni sase-Hsinchu. Umnikazi wegunya wuphiko lokuphatha lwesifunda (北埔鄉公所).
* **Amanye amagama ohlobo olufanayo:** 東方美人茶, 白毫烏龍茶, 椪風茶, 五色茶, 香檳烏龍, 番庄烏龍 — ngokwesango lolwazi likaNgqongqoshe Wezolimo wase-Thayiwani.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Igama.** Ngokwe-Wikipedia yesiShayina, elithi “膨風” ngesi-Hakka sase-Thayiwani (*pong fung*) lisho “ukuqhosha, ukufaka uthuli emehlweni”; inkampani yetiye i-Jing Sheng Yu ibiza leli gama ngesi-Minnan sase-Thayiwani. Ezinguqulweni ezaziwayo, omakhelwane abazange bayikholwe indaba ngentengo engakaze ibonwe yetiye futhi bakuthatha njengokuqhosha; izinsuku namaqhawe emithonjeni ayahlukahluka.
* **Izinguqulo zemvelaphi:**
    * **Inguqulo yendawo.** Ngokwesizindalwazi sesikhungo sedijithali sesifunda, kwaqala ngo-1886 (unyaka we-12 ka-Guangxu):umpheki wesimanje okhathele weqe isikhathi sokuvutshelwa. Ngo-1931 uMbusi Jikelele u-Ishizuka Eizo (石塚英藏) wabamba umncintiswano e-Beipu futhi wathenga itiye ngentengo eqhathaniswa nemiholo engamashumi amabili yezinyanga; omakhelwane bakuthatha njengokuqhosha, kwaze kwaba yilapho indaba ivela emaphepheni.
    * **Inguqulo yenkampani yetiye i-Jing Sheng Yu** icaphuna amarekhodi omthwebuli wezithombe u-Deng Nanguang (鄧南光): ngo-1932 umpetha u-Jiang Ruichang (姜瑞昌) wenza itiye ngeqabunga elalilunywe i-leafhopper, kwathi ngemuva kombukiso e-Taipei uhhulumeni kaMbusi Jikelele wathenga yonke iqoqo ngentengo ephezulu.
    * **Inguqulo ye-Wikipedia yesiShayina.** Umlimi wetiye wahambisa isivuno esesonakaliswe yizinambuzane edolobheni, futhi inkampani yohwebo yangaphandle (洋行) yasithenga sonke; ekhaya indaba yakhe yathathwa njengokuthi “膨風”.
* **Igama lokuthumela ngaphandle.** Ngokwe-Wikipedia yesiShayina, itiye elingacutshunguliwe lalithwalwa ezinqolobaneni zesifunda sase-Dadaocheng (大稻埕) sase-Taipei futhi ezikhungweni ezinjenge“番莊館” laloshelwa futhi lihlungwa ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa ngaphandle — kusukela lapho igama elidala elithi “番庄烏龍”.
* **“Inhle yasempumalanga”.** Ngokomunye umlando, igama lanikezwa iNdlovukazi u-Victoria, ngokomunye — u-Elizabeth II ngemuva kwesiliva embukisweni eNgilandi cishe ngo-1960. Ayikho imibhalo, lezi yizinganekwane.
* **Imiqhudelwano.** Ngokwe-Wikipedia yesiShayina, uhulumeni wesifundazwe sase-Hsinchu minyaka yonke ngoJuni–Julayi ubamba e-Beipu noma esifundeni esingumakhelwane i-Emei ukuhlolwa kwe-“東方美人茶（膨風茶）優良茶”, kanti ngoNovemba–Disemba — ukuhlolwa kwasebusika; itiye eliphawuliwe lifakwa ngokwezigaba. Uhlu lokuhlolwa kwasehlobo lushicilelwa yinhlangano yabalimi base-Beipu — uhlu lwango-2026 lwaphuma ngoJulayi.
* **Ngo-2010.** Ngokwethebula elihlanganisiwe lezimpawu zemvelaphi leHhovisi Lezobunikazi Be-Intellectual Property lase-Thayiwani, igama elithi “北埔膨風茶” livikelwa njengophawu lokuqinisekisa lwephimathandla yesifunda kusukela ngomhla ka-1 Disemba 2010; isikhathi sokuvikelwa sifinyelela ku-30 Novemba 2030.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe:**

* **Uhlobo lwesitshalo:** Ngokwe-Wikipedia yesiShayina, e-Taoyuan, Hsinchu nase-Miaoli uhlobo oluyinhloko yi-Qingxin Damao (青心大冇, *qīngxīn dàmǎo*), e-Pinglin, Shiding nase-Lugu — i-Qingxin Oolong (青心烏龍, *qīngxīn wūlóng*). Izidingo zophawu ngohlobo lwesitshalo azikho emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Izinto ezingavuthiwe:** Ngokwemininingwane yomnyango wezolimo ekulandiseni kwabezindaba, isisekelo — amahlumela “eqabunga elilodwa lamahlumela namahlamvu amabili” (一心二葉), alinyazwe i-leafhopper: ihlumela likhulu, linoboya obumhlophe obuningi, iqabunga lithambile.
* **I-leafhopper:** I-leafhopper eluhlaza yetiye (小綠葉蟬) imunca ubisi lwamahlumela amancane; ngakho-ke, ngokwe-Wikipedia yesiShayina, engadini enjalo akukwazi ukusebenzisa ama-insecticide.
* **Isikhathi sokuvuna:** Ehlobo, ngoJuni–Julayi, phakathi kwezinkathi ze-Mangzhong (芒種) ne-Dashu (大暑) — cishe ezinsukwini eziyishumi ngaphambi nangemuva komkhosi we-Duanwu (ngokwe-Wikipedia yesiShayina).

**4. Indawo Yomhlaba kanye Nezici Zokulima:**

* **Ukwakheka komhlaba nenhlabathi.** Ngokombhalo wophawu, ukwakheka komhlaba wesifunda — izintaba namagquma, phakathi nendawo kunomphongolo ocishe ulingane; inhlabathi ivundile, amanzi okunisela maningi. Imithambeka namagquma, njengoba kushiwo lapho, kuvikela isifunda emoyeni ongcolisiwe wamadolobha.
* **Isimo sezulu.** Kufudumele, kunomswakama, kunenkungu (ngokombhalo wophawu).
* **Izintaba nemifula.** Ngokwencazelo yoMkhandlu Wezindaba Zama-Hakka, isifunda sivikelwe iziqongo ze-Wuzhishan ne-Egongjishan, futhi kugeleza umfula i-Dapingxi kuso.
* **Ubuciko bokulima.** Isitolo esithengisa itiye lenhlangano yabalimi base-Beipu sibhala ukuthi izihlahla zilinywa ngaphandle kwama-pesticide nomanyolo wamakhemikhali, kanti iqabunga livunwa ngesandla. Ukuphakama kwezingadi akukho emithonjeni etholakele.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Izici ezibizwa yisango lolwazi likaNgqongqoshe Wezolimo wase-Thayiwani “nge-nhle yasempumalanga”: ukubuna okunzima (重萎凋) nokugudluzwa kweqabunga okunzima (重攪拌); ngemuva kokulungiswa kweqabunga, iqabunga limbozwa ngendwangu emanzi isikhashana ukuze laphinde lithambe (悶置回潤), bese kusongwa. Ngokombiko womnyango ekulandiseni kwabezindaba, ukulunywa yi-leafhopper kanye nalezi zindlela kunikeza iphunga elikhethekile kanye nenothi lezithelo ezivuthiwe.

Izinga lokuvutshelwa imithombo ilibiza ngezindlela ezahlukene. Ngokwe-Wikipedia yesiShayina, isiteshi sokwenza ngcono itiye sishicilele ku-“nhle yasempumalanga” u-60 %, kanti abalimi betiye base-Hsinchu nase-Miaoli balikhuphulela ku-75–85 %. Inkampani yetiye i-Jing Sheng Yu ibhala ngo-60–80 %. Isitolo esinetiye lenhlangano yabalimi base-Beipu sibiza ukuvutshelwa okuqinile (重度發酵). Izidingo zobuchwepheshe zophawu azikho emithonjeni etholakele.

Uhlelo olujwayelekile lwesigaba, hhayi incazelo yaleli tiye: ukubuna (萎凋, *wěidiāo*) → ukugudluza (攪拌, *jiǎobàn*) → ukulungisa (殺菁, *shāqīng*) → ukusonga (揉捻, *róuniǎn*) → ukomisa (乾燥, *gānzào*).

**6. Izici Zezinzwa:**

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Ngokwencazelo kaNgqongqoshe Wezolimo — kunemibala ehlukahlukene, okumhlophe, okuluhlaza, okuphuzi, okubomvu nokunsundu kuxubene, “njengembali”; ezingeni eliphezulu kunoboya obumhlophe obuningi. Kule mibala kuhlanganiswe negama elithi “五色茶” — “itiye elinemibala emihlanu”.
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Ayikho incazelo ehlukile emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lokukhishwa (infusion):** Iphunga lemvelo loju noma lezithelo ezivuthiwe (ngokomnyango wezolimo); isitolo esinetiye lenhlangano yabalimi base-Beipu sibhala ngamanothi ezithelo ezivuthiwe noju.
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kuyindilinga, kuthambile, kugcwele (圓柔醇厚).
* **Umbala wokukhishwa (infusion):** Owolintshi obomvu — ngokomnyango wezolimo; isitolo esinetiye lenhlangano yabalimi base-Beipu sibhala ngokukhishwa okukhanyayo okunombala we-amber. Ngokwe-Wikipedia yesiShayina, umbala uncike ekuthoseni, futhi ngawo wedwa uhlobo lwetiye alunakunqunywa.
* **Iqabunga elibisiwe (phansi kwetiye):** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Imininingwane ye-physico-chemical ngqo ngetiye lase-Beipu ayikho emithonjeni etholakele. I-Wikipedia yesiShayina ibhala ngohlobo jikelele: ekuvutshelweni okuqinile cishe ingxenye yama-catechin kanye nokuningi kuyaxhunywa ngokwengxenye, ngakho-ke itiye alinawo iphunga lotshani leqabunga eliluhlaza, ubuhlungu nokuncipha.

**8. Izakhiwo Eziwusizo:**

Awekho amamininingwane aqinisekisiwe ngokusebenza kwaleli tiye ngqo.

**9. Ukwenziwa Kwetiye:**

Umkhuba wesigaba, ngokwakhiwa kwe-Wikipedia yesiShayina “kwe-nhle yasempumalanga”.

* **Isitsha:** Esishisa ngokushesha futhi siphole ngokushesha, kungcono imbiza ye-porcelain.
* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–95 °C, hhayi ngaphezulu.
* **Ukwenza okubandayo:** 10 g ku-600 ml wamanzi asezingeni legumbi, amahora angu-8–12 efrijini.
* **Indlela yomlando:** iconsi le-brandy ekukhishweni — kusukela lapho igama elithi “香檳烏龍”, “i-oolong ye-champagne”.

Isikhathi sokukhishwa asikho emithonjeni etholakele.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Ephaketheni elivalekile, endaweni eyomile futhi epholile, ngaphandle kokukhanya namaphunga angaphandle.

**11. Intengo Nokukhwabanisa:**

Isitolo e-Beipu, esithengisa itiye lenhlangano yabalimi besifunda, sibonisa “i-嚴選膨風茶” ngentengo engu-900 wama-dollar amasha ase-Thayiwani ngo-150 g (4 liang); le yintengo yomdayisi oyedwa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, hhayi inkomba yemakethe.

* **Indlela yokugwema ukukhwabanisa:**
    * Funa uphawu lwemvelaphi lwesifunda sase-Beipu ephaketheni: igama elithi “北埔膨風茶” livikelwa njengophawu lwendawo, hhayi lohlobo.
    * “东方美人” kanye “白毫烏龍” — amagama ohlobo, hhayi endawo: itiye elinjalo lenziwa nase-Taoyuan, Miaoli, Pinglin, Shiding nase-Lugu.

**12. Amaqiniso Athokozisayo:**

* Izifunda ezingomakhelwane zesifundazwe esisodwa zinezimpawu ezimbili ezihlukene zohlobo olulodwa lwetiye: “北埔膨風茶” kanye ne-“峨眉東方美人茶”.
* E-Miaoli kugcinwa igama elidala lokuthumela ngaphandle elithi “番庄烏龍”, e-Shiding itiye lidayiswa njenge-“石碇美人茶” noma “文山椪風茶”.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye avela eqabungeni elilinyazwe i-leafhopper:**

* **I-Dongfang Meiren (東方美人):** Uhlobo olufanayo ngaphandle kokuboshelwa endaweni; i-Beipu Pengfeng Cha iwuhlobo lwayo lwesifunda olunophawu lwaso.
* **I-Emei Dongfang Meiren Cha (峨眉東方美人茶):** Uhlobo olufanayo oluvela esifundeni esingumakhelwane sase-Emei, uphawu lwendawo lwalwo.
* **I-Datian Meiren Cha ([大田美人茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/datian-mei-ren-cha)):** Inguqulo yezwekazi lase-Fujian “ye-nhle yasempumalanga”.
* **I-Gui Fei Oolong ([貴妃烏龍](https://thetea.app/zu/article/guifei-wulong)):** I-oolong yase-Thayiwani, inothi layo loju nalo lihlotshaniswa nokulunywa yi-leafhopper.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Beipu Pengfeng Cha iyi-oolong yasehlobo yase-Thayiwani eyenziwa ngeqabunga elilunywe i-leafhopper, elineqabunga elomile elinemibala ehlukahlukene, iphunga loju nezithelo kanye nokukhishwa okusuka ku-amber kuya kolintshi obomvu. “Kunhle yasempumalanga” jikelele kwehlukaniswa indawo: isifunda sase-Beipu sizibekele igama laso elidala lendawo ngophawu lokuqinisekisa. Izinsuku zenganekwane “ngeqhosha letiye” ziyahlukahluka, ngakho-ke lapha zinikezwe njengezinguqulo.