---
title: "Běichuān táizǐ chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/beichuan-taizi-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Běichuān táizǐ chá (北川苔子茶)

**Beichuan Taizi Cha** (*Běichuān táizǐ chá*, 北川苔子茶) itiye eliluhlaza lase-Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County (北川羌族自治县) kumasipala wedolobha iMianyang enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeSichuan Basin. Igama linikezwe isihlahla setiye sendawo, ngokwezincwadi zesifundazwe, esaziwa lapha kusukela ngezikhathi zeTang neSong. Umkhiqizo uvikilwe njengophawu lwendawo kusukela ngo-2009; izinga laseMianyang lango-2022 lilichaza njengetiye eliluhlaza elinezimo ezimbili, isicaba nesigoqekile.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*): umkhiqizo uchazwe kanjalo ezingeni i-DB5107/T 99-2022.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye eliluhlaza lasentabeni lasenyakatho-ntshonalanga yeSichuan; umkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo (2009).
* **Izimo:** Itiye elisicaba (扁形茶, *biǎnxíng chá*) neligoqekile (卷曲形茶, *juǎnqūxíng chá*).
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe saseSichuan (四川, *Sìchuān*), umasipala wedolobha iMianyang (绵阳, *Miányáng*), iBeichuan Qiang Autonomous County (北川, *Běichuān*).
* **Indawo evikilwe:** Igunyazwe isimemezelo seGeneral Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine (AQSIQ) sango-2009 No. 107. Izinga lango-2022 lichaza indawo efanayo ngezindawo eziyisishiyagalolunye zamanje zesifunda: amadolobhana iQushan, iLeigu, iTongquan, iChenjiaba, iGuixi, iYuli kanye nezifunda iXuanping, iDuguan, iBaini. Isimemezelo sango-2009 sasibiza izindawo eziyishumi nanye; umehluko ekubalweni angikawuhloli.

**2. Umlando nokubaluleka kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Inganekwane yasendulo.** Umbutho wabashushisi wesifunda embhalweni wango-2025 ubhala ukuthi ngeTang itiye lalapha laliyintela, futhi uhlobanisa izindawo ezizungezile iBeichuan namuhla ne-«Chaming eliluhlaza» (绿昌明) elivela enkondlweni ka-Bai Juyi ethi «春尽日»: «渴尝一碗绿昌明» — «ngomile ngiphuza indebe ye-Changming eliluhlaza». Awunikezi imithombo yokuqala.
    * **1975.** Ngokwe-«Sichuan Online», emithambekeni baqala ukwakha amasimu etiye ngamatshe.
    * **2008–2009.** Ukuzamazama komhlaba komhla ziyi-12 kuNhlaba wezi-2008 kwacishe kwawumisa umkhiqizo wetiye; ngo-2009, ngesikhathi sokululama, kwaqala ukwakhiwa amadlelandawonye. Ngaso leso sikhathi i-AQSIQ ngesimemezelo No. 107 yathi iBeichuan Taizi Cha ingaphansi kovikelwa njengomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo.
    * **2020.** Kusukela ngo-Okthoba kunesimiso sesifunda sokuvikela izihlahla ezindala ze-北川苔子茶.
    * **2022.** I-Mianyang Market Supervision Administration yashicilela ngomhla zingama-24 kuNdasa izinga elithi DB5107/T 99-2022 «地理标志产品 北川苔子茶»; laqala ukusebenza ngomhla lu-1 kuNhlangulana.
    * **2023.** I-Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs yafaka uhlelo lwaseBeichuan Taizi Cha lokutshala okuxubile (复合栽培系统) engxenyeni yesikhombisa yamagugu ezolimo abalulekile e-China; ngoJanuwari 2025, ngokwe-«Sichuan Online», lwangena ohlwini lokuqala lwaseChina lohlelo lwe-FAO lwamagugu ezolimo.
    * **2026.** I-CNIPA yanikeza amabhizinisi ilungelo lokusebenzisa uphawu olukhethekile.
* **Igama:** «Beichuan» (北川) yigama lesifunda; «taizi cha» (苔子茶) yigama lesihlahla sendawo. Ngokwe-Central People's Radio (2026), igama linikezwe ngokubukeka kwegatsha: amajoyinti amade namagatsha anejusi afana neziqu zemifino i-菜苔 (*càitái*).
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Uhlelo lwamagugu ukutshala okuxubile: ngokwe-«Sichuan Online», phakathi kwemigqa ebanzi yezihlahla ezindala batshala amazambane, ummbila, ubhontshisi wesoya nemifino. Isisho esithi «大禹门前树，千年苔子茶» — «isihlahla phambi kwesango lika-Yu Omkhulu, i-taizi cha yeminyaka eyinkulungwane» sibhalwe yi-Central People's Radio.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Uhlobo / Cultivar:** Indawo yendawo yezitshalo ze-苔子茶. Umbutho wabashushisi wesifunda uyichaza njengegatsha elakhula isikhathi eside kusukela ezihlahleni zetiye zasendle: imelana namakhaza, ineqabunga eliqinile neqabunga eliwugqinsi. Izihlahla ezindala, ngokombhalo ofanayo, ziningi esifundeni, ezindala kakhulu zineminyaka engaphezu kuka-700; i-Central People's Radio (2026) ithi zingaphezu kuka-1100.
* **Izinhlobo ezivunyelwe ngezinga:** Indawo yendawo, indawo ye-鸠坑 (*Jiūkēng*) kanye nezinhlobo ezincane neziphakathi zamaqabunga ezifana ne-名山213 (*Míngshān 213*) ne-福选9号 (*Fúxuǎn 9*). Igama elithi 苔子茶 ngezinga alidingi ukuthi izinto zisuselwe kuphela esihlahleni sendawo.
* **Izikhathi zokuvuna:** Kusukela ekupheleni kukaFebhuwari kuya ekupheleni kukaJuni; iqabunga eliphelele likhishwa ngaphambi kweQingming, amahlumela anamaqabunga ngaphambi kweGuyu.
* **Izinga lokuvuna:** Ngametiye asicaba, iqabunga eliphelele; ngamagoqekile, kusukela eqabungeni elilodwa kuya emaqabungeni amabili avulekayo. Bahlwitha ngokuphakamisa isandla (提手采), bengaphinci futhi bengahlubuli.

**4. Terroir nezici zokutshala:**

* **Ukuphakama kokutshala:** Ngokwezinga, ku-650–1500 m. Umbutho wabashushisi wesifunda ubhala ngamahlathi ku-1000–1800 m; umehluko angikawuxazululi.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Ngokwezinga, isimo sezulu esinomswakama se-subtropical monsoon sase-basin: izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi ngu-15.6 °C, isikhathi esingenasithwathwa siyizinsuku ezingama-286, imvula ingu-1287.5 mm, ukukhanya kwelanga kungamahora angama-902.2 ngonyaka.
* **Inhlabathi:** Kukhona kakhulu amatshe, bese kuba yinhlabathi evundlile novunjelayo, inamathambo amaningi; i-pH ingu-4.5–6.5. Izinga lidinga ungqimba lwenhlabathi ephuzi olungaphansi kuka-50 cm ne-organic hhayi ngaphansi kuka-1.5%.
* **Ukutshala:** Ezizungezile izinga lidinga ukutshala imigqa yamahlathi yokuvikela, emasimini kube nezihlahla ezinethunzi.
* **Ubukhulu:** Ngokwe-«Sichuan Online», ngoNovemba 2022, kunamasimu etiye angaphezu kuka-90,000 mu.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Izinga libeka izinhlelo ezimbili zobuchwepheshe, ngokwesimo setiye.

* **Itiye elisicaba:** ukubuna (摊放, *tānfàng*) → ukulungisa (杀青, *shāqīng*) → ukuqondisa iqabunga (理条, *lǐtiáo*) → ukushisisa iphunga (提香, *tíxiāng*) → ukuhlunga (筛选, *shāixuǎn*) → ukupakisha.
* **Itiye eligoqekile:** ukubuna → ukulungisa → ukusonga (捻揉, *niǎnróu*) → ukomisa (烘干, *hōnggān*) → ukomisa ebhodweni nokushisisa iphunga (炒干提香, *chǎogān tíxiāng*) → ukuhlunga → ukupakisha.

Ukomisa kwetiye eligoqekile ngokwezinga:

1.  **Ukomisa kokuqala:** 110–130 °C, cishe imizuzu emi-4 kuya kweyi-7.
2.  **Ukomisa kancane:** Izinga lokushisa lebhodwe lehliswa cishe ku-80 °C bese koma kuze kube umswakama ucishe ube ngu-10%.
3.  **Ukomisa ngokushisisa:** 120–130 °C, kuze kube yilapho iqabunga seliphuka libe impushana lapho licindezelwa ngeminwe.

Ngetiye elisicaba izinga alinikezi imingcele.

**6. Izimpawu Zokuzwa:**

Izimfuneko zezinga le-DB5107/T 99-2022 zezimo ezimbili.

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Elisicaba, liqondile, lilinganile, liphuzi-luhlaza futhi licwebezela (扁直，黄绿、有光泽). Eligoqekile, lisongwe ngokuqinile, linezihloko ezibonakalayo, liluhlaza futhi limanzi licwebezela (紧结卷曲、显锋苗，绿润).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Alikachazwa ezingeni; ayikho imininingwane emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lomunwe:** Elisicaba, liphakeme futhi lihlala njalo (香高持久). Eligoqekile, lihlanzekile futhi lihlala njalo (清香持久).
* **Ukunambitha:** Elisicaba, lisha futhi lithambile (鲜醇). Eligoqekile, lithambile, ligcwele, libuya kamnandi (醇厚回甘).
* **Umbala womunwe:** Elisicaba, ukuphuzi okuncane futhi kukhanya (嫩黄明亮). Eligoqekile, ukuluhlaza okuncane futhi kukhanya (嫩绿明亮).
* **Isitsha setiye (iqabunga eliphekiwe):** Elisicaba, amaqabunga aphelele, aphuzi-luhlaza futhi akhanya (全芽、黄绿明亮). Eligoqekile, amaqabunga anamahlumela avuleka njengembali, aluhlaza futhi acwebezela (芽叶成朵、绿亮).

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Izimfuneko zezinga ngamakhemikhali ethiyeni eliphelele (ingxenye ngobuningi):

| Isilinganiso | Imfuneko |
| :--- | :--- |
| Umswakama | hhayi ngaphezu kuka-6.5% |
| Izinto ezikhishwayo | hhayi ngaphansi kuka-40.0% |
| Ama-polyphenol | hhayi ngaphansi kuka-13.0% |
| Ama-catechin | hhayi ngaphansi kuka-8.0% |
| Ama-amino acid amahhala | hhayi ngaphansi kuka-3.0% |
| I-caffeine | hhayi ngaphansi kuka-4.0% |
| Umlotha ophelele | hhayi ngaphezu kuka-7.5% |
| Izinsalela ezincane | hhayi ngaphezu kuka-1.0% |

Lezi yizindinganiso eziphansi, hhayi izilinganiso zetiye elithile; izinombolo ziqinisekiswe ngesithombe samakhasi.

**8. Ukusetshenziswa Okunempilo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye uqobo.

**9. Ukwenza Itiye:**

Umkhuba wekilasi wetiye eliluhlaza.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85 °C; ngetiye elisicaba elivela emaqabungeni aphelele, eduze no-80 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g nge-150 ml.
* **Isitsha:** Ingilazi yegilazi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
* **Inqubo:** Shisisa isitsha, thela amanzi odongeni, umunwe wokuqala ngemva kwemizuzwana engama-40–60, uphuze ushiya ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yomunwe, bese uthelela amanzi; ukuphinda kabili noma kathathu.

**10. Ukugcina:**

Izinga lidinga indawo yokugcina epholile, eyomile futhi ehlanzekile ngaphandle kwephunga elingaziwa; isikhathi sokuphila asikho ngaphezu kwezinyanga eziyi-18. Ekhaya, umkhuba wekilasi: ukupakisha okuvalekile, isiqandisi ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya nomswakama; kungcono ukuphuza phakathi nonyaka.

**11. Intengo Nokukhwabanisa:**

Ayikho imininingwane yezintengo emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Ugwema kanjani ukukhwabanisa:**
    * Bheka uphawu olukhethekile lwendawo.
    * Hlola ukuthi umkhiqizi ungowesifunda saseBeichuan.
    * Khumbula ukuthi igama aliqinisekisi izinto ezivela ezihlahleni ezindala.
    * Ngokombutho wabashushisi wesifunda (2025), kukhona itiye elithengwe kwezinye izindawo lipakishwe njenge-«北川苔子茶».

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Igama elilodwa linezimo ezimbili ezibukeka ngendlela ehlukile: itiye elisicaba elivela emaqabungeni aphelele elinombala ophuzi kanye neligoqekile elinombala oluhlaza.
* I-caffeine izinga liyivimbela phansi, hhayi ngaphansi kuka-4.0%.

**13. Ukuqhathanisa namanye amatiye aseSichuan:**

* **Emei Zhuyeqing ([峨眉竹叶青](https://thetea.app/zu/article/emei-zhuyeqing)):** Itiye elisicaba lentaba i-Emei; kuBeichuan Taizi Cha uhlobo olusicaba lungolunye kuphela kwezimbili.
* **Mengding Ganlu ([蒙顶甘露](https://thetea.app/zu/article/mengding-gan-lu)):** Itiye eligoqekile lentaba iMengdingshan, umakhelwane oseduze ngokubukeka kohlobo olugoqukile.
* **Guosheng Cha ([国胜茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/guosheng-cha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lasentabeni laseningizimu yesifundazwe elinophawu lwendawo.
* **Dazhu Baicha ([大竹白茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/dazhu-baicha)):** Itiye lasempumalanga yeSichuan elivela kuhlobo olukhanyayo lwamaqabunga olufikileyo i-白叶一号, icala eliphambene: lapho imboni yokufika encane, lapha indawo yendawo endala yezitshalo.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Beichuan Taizi Cha itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda samaQiang enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeSichuan, eliqanjwe ngesihlahla sendawo esinezibonelo ezineminyaka eminingi. Izinga lango-2022 lichaza izimo ezimbili: elisicaba elivela emaqabungeni aphelele elinombala ophuzi oncane kanye neligoqekile elinephunga elihlanzekile nokubuyela okumnandi. Ukuvikela kusukela ngo-2009, isimiso sezihlahla ezindala kanye nesimo samagugu ezolimo zivikela kokubili isihlahla uqobo kanye nomnotho osizungezile.