---
title: "Bǎokāng lǜchá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/baokang-lucha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Bǎokāng lǜchá (保康绿茶)

**I-Baokang Lücha** (*Bǎokāng lǜchá*, 保康绿茶) itiye eliluhlaza lasesifundeni sase-Baokang (保康县) emkhandlwini wedolobha wase-Xiangyang enyakatho-ntshonalanga yesifundazwe sase-Hubei. Isifunda sonke sinentaba futhi sisohlelweni lwezintaba zase-Jingshan (荆山); amasimu, ngokombiko wephephandaba lesifundazwe, amaningi atshalwe ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-800, phakathi kwamafu nenkungu. Igama livikelwe wuphawu lwesitifiketi sendawo kusukela ngo-2012, futhi indawo yophawu iyiyo yonke indawo yamanje yesifunda. Incazelo yophawu idweba iqabunga elicolekile eliluhlaza okotshani, iphunga elihlanzekile, eliphakeme neliqinile, ukumnika okuluhlaza okotshani okukhanyayo, kanye netiye elimelana nokuthelwa kaningi.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*). Isigaba siqanjwe egameni elivikelwe uqobo; imibandela yezobuchwepheshe yophawu angizange ngiyibone.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye eliluhlaza lasentabeni lasenyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Hubei; uphawu lwesitifiketi sendawo (2012).
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe sase-Hubei (湖北, *Húběi*), umkhandlu wedolobha wase-Xiangyang (襄阳, *Xiāngyáng*), isifunda sase-Baokang (保康, *Bǎokāng*).
* **Indawo yophawu:** Indawo yokuphatha yamanje yesifunda sase-Baokang (保康县现辖行政区域) — kusho kanjalo kumbhalo wophawu. Ngokwe-Wikipedia yesiShayina, esifundeni kunamadolobhana ayishumi kanye nendawo eyodwa, ububanzi — 3221.53 km².
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** Cishe u-31°53′ N no-111°16′ E.

**2. Umlando kanye Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Ukuqala kwamasimu.** Ngokombiko woMnyango Wezolimo ka-2014, ukutshalwa kwetiye kwesifunda kwamanje kwaqala ngokutshalwa kokuhlola kwama-mu angu-203 ekuqaleni kweminyaka yawo-1960; ngo-2014 amasimu ayekhule afinyelela ezinkulungwaneni ezingu-158 zama-mu, umkhiqizo — wafinyelela emathangeni angu-9400 ngonyaka. Izincazelo eziyireferensi zophawu lwe-Baokang Songzhen zibhala ukuthi leli tiye lalikhulunywa emibhalweni kusukela ngesikhathi sikaTang futhi lalaziwa ngeminyaka ka-Qianlong (乾隆) yobukhosi bakwa-Qing. Azisho imithombo yokuqala, futhi angizange ngiyibone.
    * **2012.** Kwabhaliswa uphawu lwesitifiketi sendawo «保康绿茶 BAO KANG GREEN TEA» № 10987830, umkhiqizo — itiye. Isikhathi sokuqala — kusukela zingama-21 kuZibandlela 2012 kuya kumhla zingama-20 kuZibandlela 2022.
    * **2023.** Ngokombiko wephephandaba lesifundazwe, ngalo nyaka isifunda samukelwa njenge-«sifunda esiyinhloko sokukhiqiza itiye ezweni» (全国茶叶重点县). Umbiko ka-2025 uthi isiqu se-«sifunda setiye esiyinhloko» (全国茶业重点县域) isifunda sisithola iminyaka eyisikhombisa ilandelana, futhi usibala phakathi «kwezifunda eziyikhulu zamatiye ezwe» (全国茶叶百强县) kanye nezifunda eziyishumi zamatiye emvelo zase-China.
    * **2025.** Ngesaziso seHhovisi Lezimpahla Zobuhlakani lase-Hubei sangomhla zingama-30 kuZibandlela 2025, izinhlangano ezine zesifunda — izinkampani ezimbili kanye nama-cooperative amabili — zashintshwa izimvume zokusebenzisa uphawu, ngesikhathi esifinyelela kumhla zingama-20 kuZibandlela 2032. Lokhu kungukuphela kwesikhathi sesibili seminyaka eyishumi, okusho ukuthi uphawu lwanwetshwa; isaziso asikhulumi ngokunwetshwa uqobo.
* **Igama:** 保康 — igama lesifunda, 绿茶 — «itiye eliluhlaza». Ingxenye yesiNgisi yophawu — «BAO KANG GREEN TEA».
* **Amamaki ngaphakathi kophawu:** Ngaphakathi kophawu isifunda sithuthukisa uhlobo lwaso — inalithi 保康松针 (*Bǎokāng sōngzhēn*, «izinalithi zikaphayini zase-Baokang»). Umkhiqizo wabezindaba ka-2025 ubiza nophawu lomphakathi «[襄阳高香茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xiangyang-gaoxiang-cha) — 保康[毛尖](https://thetea.app/zu/article/mao-jian)、保康红»: «itiye lephunga eliphezulu lase-Xiangyang» — i-maojian yase-Baokang kanye netiye elibomvu lase-Baokang. Itiye elibomvu ngaphansi kwalolu phawu alihlobene nophawu lwetiye eliluhlaza.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Itiye lingenye yezimboni eziyinhloko zesifunda; ngokombiko ka-2025, linikeza umsebenzi kanye nemali engenayo kubantu abalinganiselwa ezinkulungwaneni ezingamashumi amane.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo kanye Nezinto Ezingavuthiwe:**

* **Izinhlobo / Ama-cultivar:** Kumbhalo wophawu izinhlobo azishiwongo; emithonjeni etholakele ayikho imininingwane.
* **Izinto ezingavuthiwe:** Ngophawu jikelele ayikho imininingwane emithonjeni etholakele. Ngophawu lwe-Baokang Songzhen izincazelo eziyireferensi zibiza ukuqoqwa kwehlumela elilodwa elineqabunga elilodwa, ngaphandle kwamaqabunga alinyazwe izinambuzane nesithwathwa.
* **Isikhathi sokuqoqa:** Ngophawu jikelele ayikho imininingwane. Nge-Baokang Songzhen, ngokwezincazelo ezifanayo, ukuqoqa kuqalwa phakathi kwezinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisithupha ngaphambi noma ngemva komkhosi we-Qingming (清明, *Qīngmíng*), okungukuthi ekuqaleni kuka-April.

**4. I-Terroir kanye Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Hubei, izintaba zohlelo lwase-Jingshan. UMnyango Wezolimo ka-2014 wachaza isifunda kanje: izintaba ezijulile namahlathi aminyene, imifudlana ehlanzekile, imiqulu yeziqongo, amafu nenkungu, umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwamazinga okushisa asemini nasebusuku, izimvula ezilingene.
* **Ukuphakama kokutshala:** Amasimu ikakhulukazi ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-800 — ngokombiko wephephandaba i-«Nongcun Xinbao» (2025). Incazelo ka-2026 ibiza olunye uhla — kusukela kumamitha angu-600 kuya kwangu-1040. Imingcele yokuphakama emibhalweni yophawu angizange ngiyibone.
* **Umnyombo wophawu lwe-Baokang Songzhen:** Ngokwezincazelo eziyireferensi — idolobhana lase-Dianya (店垭) eningizimu yesifunda kanye nezindawo ezizungezile zase-Huangbao (黄堡) enyakatho.
* **Ububanzi bamasimu:** Ngokwemininingwane yabezindaba ka-2025, isisekelo setiye sesifunda — ama-mu angu-201 ezinkulungwane, kuwona ama-mu angu-152 ezinkulungwane akhiqiza isivuno; ama-mu angu-80 ezinkulungwane — amasimu emvelo «aluhlaza», ama-mu angu-15 ezinkulungwane anesitifiketi se-organic se-European Union. Umkhiqizo wonyaka — ngaphezu kwamathani angu-8800 etiye elomile, inani eliphelele lomkhiqizo wemboni — ngaphezu kwezigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezimbili zama-yuan (ngokwemibiko yabezindaba efanayo).
* **Inhlabathi nesimo sezulu ngezinombolo:** Imininingwane emithonjeni etholakele ayikho.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Imibandela yobuchwepheshe kumbhalo wophawu ayikho. Ngezansi — uhlelo olujwayelekile lwetiye eliluhlaza, hhayi incazelo ye-Baokang Lücha uqobo:

1.  **Ukunwetshwa kweqabunga elisha (摊放, *tānfàng*):** Iqabunga linwetshwa ngongqimba oluncane, ukuze likhiphe ingxenye yomswakama.
2.  **Ukuqinisa (杀青, *shāqīng*):** Ukushisa kumisa i-oxidation futhi kulondoloze umbala oluhlaza.
3.  **Ukusonteka (揉捻, *róuniǎn*).**
4.  **Ukomisa (干燥, *gānzào*).**

Mayelana nobuchwepheshe bophawu lwe-Baokang Songzhen izincazelo eziyireferensi ziyaphikisana. Enye ibiza itiye eliluhlaza elinalithi elifakwa ngesitimu (针形蒸青绿茶), kodwa ngokushesha ibala imisebenzi emine — ukuqinisa (杀青, *shāqīng*), ukusonteka ebhodweni (锅揉, *guōróu*), «ukujuluka» (拍汗, *pāihàn*) kanye nokomisa (烘干, *hōnggān*). Ezinye izinkomba ziletha uhlelo lwesitimu olunezigaba ezifanayo ne-Enshi Yulu. Imingcele ayinikezwa yinoma iyiphi incazelo, futhi umthombo wokuqala wanoma yiluphi uhlelo angizange ngiwuthole.

**6. Izici Ze-Organoleptic:**

Incazelo engezansi — ivela kumbhalo wophawu «保康绿茶».

* **Ukubukeka kweqabunga elomile:** Kucolekile futhi kuhle, umbala oluhlaza okotshani (外形纤秀，色泽翠绿).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Incazelo ehlukile emithonjeni etholakele ayikho.
* **Iphunga lokumnika:** Kuhlanzekile, kuphakeme futhi kuqinile (香气清高持久); umbhalo awucacisi ukuthi leli phunga leqabunga elomile noma lokumnika.
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kunephunga elimnandi, kuthambile, kupholile, kusha futhi kumnandi (滋味香甜软凉，鲜醇爽口).
* **Umbala wokumnika:** Uluhlaza okotshani, ukhanyayo (汤色嫩绿明亮).
* **Igquma letiye (iqabunga eliqoshiwe):** Iqabunga elinamanzi futhi lithambile (叶底肥嫩).

Umbhalo ugcizelela ngokukhethekile ukuthi itiye limelana nokuthelwa okuningi kakhulu (极耐冲泡).

Uphawu lwe-Baokang Songzhen izincazelo eziyireferensi ziludweba kanje: izinalithi eziminyene, eziyindilinga, ezibushelelezi neziqondile ezinoboya obubonakalayo, ziluhlaza okotshani omnyama futhi zicwebezela ngamafutha; iphunga lisha futhi lihlanzekile, ukunambitheka kumnandi futhi kuthambile, ukumnika kuluhlaza okotshani, kucacile futhi kukhanyayo, iqabunga eliqoshiwe liluhlaza okotshani, likhanyayo futhi lilinganayo.

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Imininingwane ye-physicochemical emithonjeni etholakele ayikho.

**8. Izinto Eziwusizo:**

Imininingwane eqinisekisiwe mayelana nomphumela waleli tiye ngokunqophile ayikho.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye eliluhlaza.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g ku-150 ml.
* **Izitsha:** Ingilazi yegilasi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Fudumeza izitsha.
    2. Faka itiye bese uthela amanzi eceleni kodonga.
    3. Ukumnika kokuqala — ngemva kwemizuzwana engu-40–60.
    4. Phuza, ushiya ingxenye yokumnika.
    5. Thela amanzi futhi.
    6. Ukuthelwa okuphindaphindiwe — umbhalo wophawu ugcizelela ukuthi itiye liyakwazi ukumelana nakho.

**10. Ukugcina:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Emphakathini ovaliwe, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama namaphunga. Kungcono ukuphuza phakathi nonyaka.

**11. Intengo Kanye Nemikhiqizo Yomgunyathi:**

Imininingwane ngezintengo emithonjeni etholakele ayikho.

* **Ungakugwema kanjani ukukhohlisa:**
    * Funana uphawu lwesitifiketi sendawo «保康绿茶» № 10987830.
    * Hlola ukuthi umkhiqizi ungowesifunda sase-Baokang futhi uvunyelwe ukusebenzisa uphawu: ihhovisi lesifundazwe lishicilela uhlu lwabasebenzisi.
    * Iqabunga — licolekile futhi liluhlaza okotshani, ukumnika — kuluhlaza okotshani futhi kukhanyayo, iphunga — lihlanzekile futhi liqinile.

**12. Amaqiniso Athokozisayo:**

* Indawo yophawu — yiyo yonke indawo yesifunda, ngaphandle kokukhetha amadolobhana ahlukene.
* I-Wikipedia yesiShayina ibiza i-Baokang njengesifunda esikhulu kunazo zonke e-Hubei setiye le-organic.
* Isifunda asithumeli kuphela itiye elineqabunga: ngokombiko ka-2025, ukuthunyelwa kwetiye eliqediwe (精制茶), i-extract yetiye kanye neminye imikhiqizo yokucubungula kudlule amathani angu-1000 futhi kwaletha izigidi ezingama-25 zama-dollar.
* Igama elithi «荆山锦» — «indwangu yezintaba zase-Jingshan» — uMnyango Wezolimo ka-2014 walibala phakathi kwemikhiqizo ekhethekile yesifunda; i-cooperative enaleli gama — iphakathi kwabasebenzisi bophawu ohlwini luka-2025.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye aluhlaza:**

* **I-Meizi Gongcha ([梅子贡茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/meizi-gongcha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lasentabeni lesifunda sase-Zhuxi, naso enyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Hubei; linombhalo wokuvikela onemininingwane enohlobo nokuphakama kwamasimu, i-Baokang Lücha inokubukeka nendawo kuphela.
* **I-Enshi Yulu ([恩施玉露](https://thetea.app/zu/article/enshi-yulu)):** Itiye lase-Hubei elinalithi elifakwa ngesitimu; ezinye izinkomba zibeka uphawu lwe-Baokang Songzhen uhlelo olufanayo, kodwa izincazelo zobuchwepheshe bazo ziyaphikisana.
* **I-Anhua Songzhen ([安化松针](https://thetea.app/zu/article/anhua-song-zhen)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lase-Hunan elinomfanekiso ofanayo we-«zinalithi zikaphayini» egameni.
* **I-Dengcun Lücha ([邓村绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/dengcun-lucha)):** Itiye eliluhlaza lasentabeni eliphakeme lesifunda sase-Yichang entshonalanga ye-Hubei.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Baokang Lücha itiye eliluhlaza lasentabeni lasenyakatho-ntshonalanga ye-Hubei ngaphansi kophawu oluvikela igama kuyo yonke indawo yesifunda. Umbhalo ngayo mfushane futhi ukhuluma kuphela ngokubukeka: iqabunga elicolekile eliluhlaza okotshani, iphunga elihlanzekile neliqinile, ukumnika okuluhlaza okotshani nokuthelwa okuningi. Okunye — ubukhulu bemboni, okwathi eminyakeni engamashumi ayisithupha yakhula kusukela ekutshalweni kokuhlola kwafinyelela emakhulwini amabili ezinkulungwane zama-mu amasimu, kanye nophawu lwanalithi lwe-Baokang Songzhen, ubuchwepheshe balo okusamele buqinisekiswe ngomthombo wokuqala.