---
title: "Báizhúshān chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/baizhushan-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Báizhúshān chá (白竹山茶)

**I-Baizhushan Cha** (*Báizhúshān chá*, 白竹山茶) "itiye lentaba yoqalo olumhlophe" itiye elihlaza lasentabeni lasedolobhaneni i-Fabiao (法脿镇) esifundeni i-Shuangbai (双柏县) esifundazweni esizimele sase-Chuxiong Yi esifundazweni sase-Yunnan. Lenziwa ngenani lendawo lase-Yunnan lamahlamvu amakhulu etiye, elethwa entabeni i-Baizhushan, ngokwencwadi yezinkomba zezimpawu zezindawo, ngo-1942. Igama livikelwa kabili: kusukela ngo-2013 njengomkhiqizo wezolimo onophawu lwendawo, futhi kusukela ngo-2025 njengomkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye Nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye elihlaza (绿茶, *lǜchá*), elingavutshelwanga. UMnyango Wezolimo wase-Yunnan (2025) ulibiza ngetiye elihlaza lekhwalithi ephezulu; ubuchwepheshe ngokwezimfuneko zika-2025 buluhlaza, ngokulungiswa ku-180–220 °C.
* **Isicupho segama:** Uhlamvu 白 (*bái*, "okumhlophe") lubhekise egameni lentaba, hhayi esigabeni. Akulona itiye elimhlophe.
* **Isigaba:** Itiye elihlaza lasentabeni elenziwe ngezinto zase-Yunnan zamahlamvu amakhulu; umkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe sase-Yunnan (云南, *Yúnnán*), isifunda esizimele sase-Chuxiong Yi (楚雄, *Chǔxióng*), isifunda i-Shuangbai (双柏, *Shuāngbǎi*), idolobhana i-Fabiao (法脿, *Fǎbiào*). Ngokwencwadi yesifunda ka-2024, intaba i-Baizhushan iseningizimu-mpumalanga yesikhungo sesifunda.
* **Indawo evikelwe:** Imizana engu-13 yokuphatha yedolobhana i-Fabiao: i-Fabiao (法脿), i-Lanni (烂泥), i-Shitou (石头), i-Pusi (铺司), i-Liujie (六街), i-Shuangba (双坝), i-Zhekeshao (者科哨), i-Maidi (麦地), i-Yulong (雨龙), i-Fadian (法甸), i-Gumu (古木), i-Hongli (红栗) kanye ne-Zheju (折苴). Umfakisicelo nguhulumeni wesifunda sase-Shuangbai.
* **Izixhumanisi zendawo:** 101°44′–101°50′ empumalanga no-24°26′–24°40′ enyakatho.

**2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **1942.** Ngokwencwadi yezinkomba zezimpawu zezindawo, isakhamuzi sase-Fabiao u-Yao Xingcun (姚兴存) waletha itiye lase-Yunnan lamahlamvu amakhulu esifundeni i-Jingdong (景东) futhi walitshala ngempumelelo entabeni i-Baizhushan.
    * **1958.** Inhlangano yase-Fabiao yathumela iqembu lentsha ukuyothuthukisa intaba ngetiye. Isimo samanje setiye incwadi yezinkomba isichaza cishe amashumi ayisikhombisa eminyaka yokujwayela kwendawo.
    * **Imiklomelo.** Ngokwencazelo yencwadi yezinkomba, ngo-1995 itiye lendawo elithi "Yunwu longzhao" (云雾龙爪, *yúnwù lóngzhǎo*) lathola umklomelo wesiliva, kwathi ngo-2002 elithi "Biluochun" ([碧螺春](https://thetea.app/zu/article/biluochun)) lathola igolide. Incwadi yezokuvakasha ibeka isiliva ngo-1985, okuwukungqubuzana.
    * **15 Ephreli 2013.** UMnyango Wezolimo we-PRC wabhalisa "白竹山茶" njengomkhiqizo wezolimo onophawu lwendawo (农产品地理标志).
    * **2025.** Ihhovisi likazwelonke lobunikazi bengqondo lase-China (CNIPA) ngesimemezelo No. 625 sango-1 Ephreli 2025 laqaphela amagama angu-90 njengemikhiqizo enophawu lwendawo; i-Baizhushan Cha isohlwini ngenombolo 69.
* **Igama:** 白竹 "uqalo olumhlophe", 山 "intaba", 茶 "itiye". Igama linikezwe ngentaba i-Baizhushan, isikhungo sesifunda.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** "Ubuciko bokwenza i-Baizhushan Cha" (白竹山茶制作技艺) bufakwe ohlwini lwamagugu amasiko angaphatheki ezingeni lesifunda sase-Chuxiong; unyaka wokufakwa awushiwongo emithonjeni etholakele.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Uhlobo / I-cultivar:** Ngokwezimfuneko zika-2025, inani lendawo (地方[群体种](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qunti-zhong), *dìfāng qúntǐzhǒng*), elakhiwe ngesisekelo setiye lase-Yunnan lamahlamvu amakhulu (云南大[叶种](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qiaomuguanmu), *Yúnnán dàyèzhǒng*). Ama-clone alethwa ngaphandle, okukhulunywa ngawo embhalweni ka-2017, awashiwongo ezimfunekweni.
* **Ukusabalalisa nokutshala:** Izithombo zikhuliswa kusukela ngo-Okthoba kuya kuJuni wonyaka olandelayo, ngokusabalalisa ngembewu noma ngama-clone. Zitshalwa ngoJulayi, izithombo ezingu-3500–4000 ngama-667 m², emigqeni ephindwe kabili ngesinyathelo esingaba ngu-25 × 30 cm, futhi endaweni efanayo, izihlahla eziyishumi zomthunzi.
* **Ukubunjwa:** Isihlahla esinobude obungu-0.8–1 m, isihlahla esingu-1.5–2 m.
* **Ukuvuna:** Entwasahlobo ngoMashi kuya ku-Ephreli, ehlobo ngoJuni, ekwindla ngo-Agasti kuya kuSepthemba; ngamaqoqo, kushiywa amahlamvu esihlahleni, "ngokuphakamisa isandla" (提手采, *tíshǒucǎi*). Incazelo yencwadi yezinkomba inikeza izikhathi ezihlukile (Mashi kuya kuMeyi, Julayi kuya ku-Agasti, Septhemba kuya ku-Okthoba).
* **Izinga lokuvuna:** Ihlumela elinamahlamvu elilodwa noma amabili (一芽一叶, 一芽二叶). Ngokombiko wesifundazwe ka-2025, entwasahlobo, kubhasikidini woqalo, kuvunwa ihlumela elithambile kakhulu elineqabunga elilodwa; ukuvuna kokuqala kwentwasahlobo kwalowo nyaka kwathatha cishe izinsuku eziyishumi.

**4. I-Terroir Nezici Zokukhulisa:**

* **Isifunda:** Intaba i-Baizhushan enezintaba eziphakeme nezigodi ezijulile ezizungezile.
* **Ukuphakama kokutshala:** **1800–2600 m** ngokwezimfuneko zika-2025. Izincazelo zencwadi yezinkomba zibiza u-1800–2350 m kanye nezingadi emithambekeni engezansi kuka-2000 m enokwehla okungu-25°; incwadi yesifunda ka-2024 ibiza indawo ephakeme kakhulu yentaba engu-2550 m.
* **Isimo sezulu:** I-subtropical yasenyakatho yezwekazi elinamandla emvula asolwandle, imvula engu-900–1100 mm ngonyaka, ngokwesilinganiso esingaba ngu-1000 mm (ngokwezincazelo zencwadi yezinkomba); usuku olufushane olunelanga, inkungu, isikhathi eside esingenasithwathwa (incwadi yezinkomba).
* **Umhlabathi:** I-humus, onsomi nophuzi (黄壤土); izinto eziphilayo azingaphansi kuka-3.0%, ukujula kwesendlalelo akungaphansi kuka-1.0 m, i-pH 4.5–6.0, amanzi angaphansi komhlaba angekho eduze kuka-2.0 m ngokwezimfuneko zika-2025. Ubuningi bamahlathi bezungeze izingadi bungaphezu kuka-88% ngokwencazelo yencwadi yezinkomba.
* **Indawo yezingadi:** Imininingwane iyahluka: amahektha angu-667 kanye namathani angu-500 ngonyaka kwimininingwane yokubhalisa ka-2013; ngaphezu kuka-7000 *mu* embhalweni ka-2017; "izinkulungwane eziyishumi *mu*" encwadini yesifunda ka-2024.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Izimfuneko zika-2025 zibeka imisebenzi eyisishiyagalolunye kanye nezindlela zayo. Kusukela ekuvuneni kuya emakethe, ngokombiko ka-2025, kuthatha izinsuku ezintathu kuya kwezinhlanu.

1.  **Ukusabalalisa amahlamvu amasha (摊凉, *tānliáng*):** Amahlamvu asatshalaliswa ngongqimba olungu-5–10 cm isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora angu-1–2.
2.  **Ukulungiswa (杀青, *shāqīng*):** 180–220 °C. Ihlumela kufanele "libulawe" ngokuphelele futhi ngokulinganayo; ukusha okuncane emaphethelweni kuyavunyelwa, kodwa akumele kube khona iziqu noma amahlamvu abomvu. Inhloso "imibala emithathu eluhlaza": umbala wehlumela elomile, wokumnika kanye nehlumela elibilisiwe.
3.  **Ukusonga (揉捻, *róuniǎn*):** Ngomshini, cishe imizuzu engu-35–45: ihlumela elithambile "ingcindezi elula, ukusonga okufushane", eliqinile "ingcindezi enamandla, ukusonga okude".
4.  **Ukuhlukanisa izigaxa (解块, *jiěkuài*):** Ihlumela lisatshalaliswa kancane futhi lihlukaniswe ukuze imicu iqonde futhi ilingane.
5.  **Ukomisa (烘干, *hōnggān*):** Ukomisa kokuqala ngu-110–120 °C, imizuzu engu-5–10.
6.  **"Umlilo oluhlaza" (毛火, *máohuǒ*):** 90–110 °C, ebhodweni imizuzu engu-30–35.
7.  **"Umlilo ogcwele" (足火, *zúhuǒ*):** Ibhodwe elingaba ngu-80 °C; njengoba loma, izinga lokushisa lehliselwa ku-65–70 °C, umthwalo ngamunye uthatha imizuzu engu-40–45.
8.  **Ukuhlunga (筛选, *shāixuǎn*):** Izihlungo ezine: kusuka kwesokuqala kuphuma itiye elikhulu, kwesesine kuphuma imvuthuluka.
9.  **Ukukhetha (拣剔, *jiǎntī*):** Ukungcola kukhethwa ngesandla.

**6. Izici Zezitho Zomzimba:**

* **Ukubukeka kwehlumela elomile:** Lisongwe ngokuqinile futhi lilingana, lineziqu ezithambile; umbala uluhlaza okumpunga kancane ngokucwebezela (条索紧实、匀整、有嫩茎、色泽微灰绿润).
* **Iphunga lehlumela elomile:** Ayikho incazelo ehlukile emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga lokumnika:** Lapho kubiliswa, lihlanzekile futhi liphakeme (开汤香气清高).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kugcwele futhi kuthambile (滋味浓醇). Ngokwencwadi yezinkomba, kunambitheka kamnandi ngemva kokugwinya futhi kumelana nokuphindwa kaningi.
* **Umbala wokumnika:** Uphuzi-oluhlaza, okhanyayo (汤色黄绿明亮). Incwadi yesifunda ka-2024 ibhala ngokuhlukile "oluhlaza ngokuhlanzekile, okhanyayo" (清绿明亮).
* **Isisekelo setiye (ihlumela elibilisiwe):** Uphuzi-oluhlaza, lithambile futhi lilingana (叶底黄绿嫩匀).

**7. Ukwakheka Kwamakhemikhali:**

Izinkomba zomzimba namakhemikhali ngokwezimfuneko zika-2025:

| Inkomba | Imfuneko |
| :--- | :--- |
| Ama-polyphenol etiye | angaphansi kuka-20.0% |
| I-caffeine | angaphansi kuka-2.5% |
| Ama-amino acid akhululekile | angaphansi kuka-3.1% |
| I-theanine | angaphansi kuka-1.5% |

**8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo:**

Ayikho imininingwane eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye ngokwalo.

**9. Ukubiliswa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba setiye elihlaza; azikho izincomo ezithile emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g ngama-150 ml.
* **Izitsha:** Ingilazi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Fudumeza izitsha.
    2. Faka itiye bese uthela amanzi ngasodongeni.
    3. Ukumnika kokuqala ngemva kwemizuzwana engu-40–60.
    4. Phuza, ushiya ingxenye yokumnika.
    5. Thela amanzi futhi.
    6. Ukuphindwa kabili noma kathathu.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Ephaketheni elivalekile, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama kanye namaphunga. Kungcono ukuphuzwa phakathi nonyaka.

**11. Intengo Nemikhiqizo Yomgunyathi:**

Ayikho imininingwane ngezintengo emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Ungakugwema kanjani ukukhwabanisa:**
    * Bheka uphawu olukhethekile lwendawo. Ilungelo lalo liqinisekiswa yi-CNIPA ngesicelo esidlula ezikhungweni zesifunda nezifundazwe.
    * Hlola ukuthi umkhiqizi uvela edolobhaneni i-Fabiao esifundeni i-Shuangbai.
    * Ihlumela liqinile, lilingana, luhlaza okumpunga ngokucwebezela; ukumnika kuphuzi-oluhlaza futhi kukhanya.
    * Ungathathi igama njengetiye elimhlophe: 白 kulo liyingxenye yegama lentaba.

**12. Amaqiniso Athakazelisayo:**

* Ngokwencwadi yezinkomba, ngo-2000–2002, amatiye endawo "Baizhu yinhao" (白竹银毫, *Báizhú yínháo*) kanye ne-"Biluochun" imincintiswano emithathu elandelanayo yathola igolide le-"Yuncha bei" (云茶杯).
* Ibhulogi yesifunda ka-2017 iveza ukulinganisa komkhiqizo "双柏县白竹山茶" ngonyaka ka-2016 ongama-487 wezigidi zama-yuan futhi ibika ukuthi izimboni ezimbili zetiye zathola izitifiketi "zokudla okuluhlaza" zemikhiqizo eyisikhombisa.

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye aluhlaza ase-Yunnan:**

* **I-Yunnan Lücha ([云南绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/yunnan-lucha)):** Igama elijwayelekile lamatiye aluhlaza amahlamvu amakhulu esifundazwe.
* **I-Baohongcha ([宝洪茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/baohongcha)):** Itiye elithosiwe eliyisicaba lesifunda sase-Yiliang elivela ezinhlobonhlobo zamahlamvu amancane.
* **I-Nanjian Lücha ([南涧绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/nanjian-lucha)):** Itiye elihlaza lesifunda sase-Nanjian esifundeni sase-Dali.
* **I-Tengchong Lücha ([腾冲绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/tengchong-lucha)):** Itiye elihlaza lesifunda sedolobha i-Tengchong.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Baizhushan Cha itiye elihlaza elivela entabeni eyatshalwa ngetiye maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule: izihlahla zamahlamvu amakhulu ezivela esifundeni i-Jingdong, izingadi ekuphakameni okungu-1800–2600 m, inkungu kanye nomhlabathi onomuncu. Izimfuneko zika-2025 ziyichaza ngokunembile, kusukela ekulungisweni ku-180–220 °C kuya ekumnikeni okuphuzi-oluhlaza, futhi zivikela igama emingceleni yedolobhana elilodwa.