---
title: "Bǎizhàngtán chá"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/baizhangtan-cha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Bǎizhàngtán chá (百丈潭茶)

**I-Baizhangtan Cha** (*Bǎizhàngtán chá*, 百丈潭茶) itiye eliluhlaza eliyisicaba lohlobo lokugazinga oluvela esifundeni sase-Tongcheng (通城县) ngaphansi kukamasipala wase-Xianning eningizimu impela yesifundazwe sase-Hubei, lapho kuhlangana khona i-Hubei, i-Hunan ne-Jiangxi. Uphawu oluyinhloko olugqamisa incazelo yomkhiqizo ngukuthi «扁平显毫»: iqabunga eliyisicaba eliqondile elinoboya obumhlophe obuvulekile. Itiye liselisha, lango-1990s. Ngo-2020 igama lathola uphawu lwendawo lwezolimo — okwesibili esifundeni, — kwathi ngo-2025 langena ohlwini lwemikhiqizo enophawu lwendawo lweHhovisi Likazwelonke Lobuhlakani beMpahla yaseChina.

**1. Ukuhlukaniswa kanye nemvelaphi:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza lohlobo lokugazinga (炒青, *chǎoqīng*), eliyisicaba (扁形, *biǎnxíng*). Isigaba sibizwa encazelweni yomkhiqizo ovikelwe: «百丈潭茶为炒青类扁形绿茶» — «itiye eliluhlaza eliyisicaba lohlobo lokugazinga».
* **Isigaba:** Itiye eliluhlaza lesimanje lesifunda; umkhiqizo onophawu lwendawo.
* **Imvelaphi:** I-China, isifundazwe sase-Hubei (湖北, *Húběi*), umasipala wase-Xianning (咸宁, *Xiánníng*), isifunda sase-Tongcheng (通城, *Tōngchéng*).
* **Indawo evikelwe:** Ngokwencwadi yemikhiqizo yendawo — amadolobhana nezifunda eziyishumi nanye zesifunda, izigodi zokuphatha eziyi-165: 马港镇, 五里镇, 隽水镇, 关刀镇, 沙堆镇, 麦市镇, 塘湖镇, 四庄乡, 大坪乡, 石南镇 and 北港镇. Ikhathalogi yemikhiqizo enophawu lwendawo ibiza indawo ngokuthi «indawo yokuphatha yamanje yesifunda sase-Tongcheng».
* **Izixhumanisi zokuma:** Ngokwencwadi efanayo — 113°36′–114°04′ empumalanga longitude no-29°02′–29°24′ enyakatho latitude.

**2. Umlando nokubaluleka kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:**
    * **Ngawo-1990.** Ngokwamazwi omfakisicelo ekuhlolweni kuka-2020, itiye «lakhiwa kusukela eminyakeni yamashumi ayisishiyagalolunye» (自九十年代研制而成); ingosi ye-«Jingchu Wang» (2020) ikhuluma ngonyaka we-1990, kanti ukubhaliswa kophawu lokuhweba «百丈潭» kwangonyaka we-2003. Imibhalo yakuqala ebhaliwe ayitholakali emithonjeni etholakele.
    * **2005.** Ngokwencwadi kahulumeni wesifunda, ngoJulayi 2005 kwasungulwa inkampani yetiye enegama elifanayo (通城县百丈潭茶业有限责任公司) — ibhizinisi elihamba phambili lezolimo ezingeni lesifundazwe. Ukuxhumana kwayo nenqubo yophawu akutholakali emithonjeni etholakele.
    * **2009–2017 — imiklomelo.** Ngokwencwadi yemikhiqizo yendawo: ngo-2009 itiye langena emikhiqizweni emihlanu eyinhloko egqugquzelwayo yetiye eliluhlaza elidumile lase-Xianning, ngo-2013 lathola igolide embukisweni wezolimo wase-China (eWuhan) weshumi, ngo-2016 uphawu lwaqashelwa njengophawu lokuhweba oludumile lwase-Xianning, ngo-2017 itiye laba umkhiqizo odumile wedolobha. Imithombo iyaphikisana: i-«Jingchu Wang» ibeka ukuqashelwa kophawu njengodumile eXianning ngonyaka we-2008.
    * **Januwari 2020 — ukuhlolwa.** Ngokombiko womnyango wezolimo waseXianning, ochwepheshe bahlolisisa isicelo se-Tongcheng County Wild Tea Research Institute (通城县[野生茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/ye-sheng-cha)科学研究所), bathola ikhwalithi ihlukile futhi bavuma ukubhaliswa; umnyango wabiza i-Baizhangtan Cha njengomkhiqizo wesibili wesifunda onophawu lwezolimo.
    * **Ephreli — Meyi 2020 — ukubhaliswa.** Incwadi ithi isinqumo soMnyango Wezolimo Nezindaba Zasemakhaya sangomhla zingama-30 Ephreli 2020. Ngomhla ziyi-19 Meyi ingosi ye-«Jingchu Wang» (荆楚网) yabika ukuthi ngesimemezelo sikamongameli somnyango esinguNombolo 290 izitifiketi zatholwa yimikhiqizo eyishumi nesishiyagalolunye yaseHubei, futhi yabala phakathi kwazo i-Baizhangtan Cha. Inombolo yokubhaliswa kukhathalogi yezinkomba ngu-AGI02948.
    * **2025 — uhlu lweHhovisi Likazwelonke.** Ngesimemezelo esinguNombolo 640, esisayinwe ngomhla ziyi-16 Julayi futhi sashicilelwa ngomhla ziyi-13 Agasti 2025, iHhovisi Likazwelonke Lobuhlakani beMpahla laqashela njengemikhiqizo enophawu lwendawo amagama angu-1409; ikhathalogi yezinkomba ibeka i-Baizhangtan Cha kulesi simemezelo.
* **Igama:** 百 (*bǎi*) — ikhulu, 丈 (*zhàng*) — zhang, isilinganiso sakudala sobude, 潭 (*tán*) — ichibi elijulile: «ichibi elijule ngamazhang ayikhulu». Leli yigama lendawo: ngokwencwadi yesifunda, kubizwa kanjalo enye yezinhlaka ezintathu zamagesi amancane esifunda, kanti ugologo wendawo ubizwa nge-百丈潭酒. Ukuthi kungani igama lanikezwa itiye akuchazwanga emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Ohlwini «lokunambitha kwase-Tongcheng» lwehhovisi lesifunda lezamasiko nezokuvakasha (2021), itiye libhalwe njenge-«百丈潭[有机茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/youji-cha)» — itiye lezolimo elingelamakhemikhali i-Baizhangtan.

**3. Incazelo yezitshalo kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Uhlobo / Cultivar:** Emithonjeni etholakele uhlobo alubizwanga.
* **Izinto zokusetshenziswa:** Izinkomba zekhemikhali nokomzimba ezincwadini zinikezwa ngokukhiwa kwentwasahlobo «iqabunga elilodwa nehlumela elilodwa» (一芽一叶). Izinga lokukhiwa alitholakali emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Isikhathi sokukhiwa:** Azikho izinsuku eziqondile emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Ukunikezwa isitifiketi sezolimo ezingelamakhemikhali:** Ngokwamazwi omfakisicelo ekuhlolweni kuka-2020, itiye laphumelela izitifiketi zezolimo ezingelamakhemikhali zikahulumeni iminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalombili ilandelana.

**4. Indawo yokutshala kanye nezici zokutshala:**

* **Isifunda:** Ngokwencwadi yesifunda, iTongcheng isenyakatho yezintaba zaseMufushan (幕阜山), lapho kuhlangana khona iHunan, iHubei neJiangxi. Empumalanga isifunda sinomngcele ne-Xiushui (Jiangxi), eningizimu ne-Pingjiang (Hunan), entshonalanga ne-Yueyang ne-Linxiang (Hunan), enyakatho ne-Chongyang (Hubei).
* **Ukuphakama kokutshala:** Ngokwencwadi yemikhiqizo yendawo, ukuphakama endaweni kuyi-250–1528 m; akukho datha ehlukile yezingadi.
* **Isimo sezulu:** Isimo sezulu esishisayo esinamanzi. Idatha iyaphikisana: incwadi yesifunda inikeza izinga lokushisa lonyaka eliphakathi nendawo elingu-15.5–16.7 °C nemvula engaba ngu-1500 mm, incwadi ithi 17 °C, 1627.3 mm imvula, 1694.5 amahora elanga ngonyaka kanye nesamba sonyaka sokushisa okusebenzayo kusuka ku-3000 kuya ku-5100 °C. Ukuminyana kwehlathi kuyo yomibili imithombo kungu-57.5 %.
* **Inhlabathi:** Ngokwencwadi — ikakhulukazi inhlabathi ebomvu nenhlabathi ephuzi nsundu, pH 4.5–6.8.
* **Ubukhulu:** Ngokwencwadi, indawo yezingadi zetiye endaweni ingamahektha angu-4620; unyaka wedatha awubhalwanga. Umthombo ofanayo ubiza iTongcheng njengesinye sezifunda ezintathu ezinkulu zetiye zaseHubei.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza:**

Incazelo yomkhiqizo ibeka itiye ohlotsheni lokugazinga oluyisicaba (炒青); imephu yobuchwepheshe nemingcele akutholakali emithonjeni etholakele.

Kumatiye aluhlaza agazingiwe ayisicaba ukulandelana okuvamile yilokhu:

1.  **Ukuvuthwa kweqabunga elisha (摊青, *tānqīng*).**
2.  **Ukuqedwa kokugazinga (杀青, *shāqīng*):** Ukushisa kumisa ukugqwaleka.
3.  **Ukuqondisa (理条, *lǐtiáo*).**
4.  **Ukucindezela ukuba kube isicaba (压扁, *yābiǎn*):** Iqabunga lithola isimo esiyisicaba.
5.  **Ukomisa (干燥, *gānzào*).**

Lena indlela ejwayelekile yesigaba, hhayi incazelo yobuchwepheshe be-Baizhangtan Cha.

**6. Izici zokuzwakala:**

Incazelo engezansi ivela encazelweni yomkhiqizo ovikelwe kukhathalogi yezinkomba; incwadi iyayiphinda.

* **Isimo seqabunga elomile:** Lisicaba futhi liqondile (扁平挺直), linesisindo futhi liminyene (身骨重实), liluhlaza, linoboya obumhlophe (色绿有白毫). Uphawu oluhlukile — «lisicaba, linoboya obuvulekile» (扁平显毫).
* **Iphunga leqabunga elomile:** Azikho izincazelo emithonjeni etholakele.
* **Iphunga letiye:** Liphezulu futhi lihlala isikhathi eside (香高持久).
* **Ukunambitheka:** Kugcwele, nobumnandi obubuyayo (醇厚回甘); itiye likwazi ukumelana nokuthelwa kaningi (耐冲泡).
* **Umbala wetiye:** Uluhlaza futhi ukhanya (绿亮).
* **Izinsalela zetiye (iqabunga eliphekiwe):** Ziyalingana futhi zikhanya (匀整明亮).

Umfakisicelo ekuhlolweni kuka-2020 uchaze ukunambitheka ngokuthi «kugcwele, kumnandi futhi kusha» (醇厚甘鲜), kanti iqabunga eliphekiwe walichaza njengelilinganayo, lithembekile, livuleka libe «izimbali» eziphelele (匀嫩成朵).

**7. Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali:**

Incwadi yemikhiqizo yendawo inikeza lezi zinkomba zokukhiwa kwentwasahlobo «iqabunga elilodwa nehlumela elilodwa»:

| Inkomba | Ivelu |
| :--- | :--- |
| Ama-phenol etiye | okungenani 15 % |
| Ama-amino acid akhululekile | okungenani 2 % |
| Izinto ezikhiphekayo emanzini | okungenani 36 % |
| Umswakama | okungaphezu kuka-6.5 % |

Izibalo aziqinisekiswanga ngombhalo wezidingo zeHhovisi Likazwelonke; ayikho idatha nge-caffeine.

**8. Izinzuzo zempilo:**

Ayikho idatha eqinisekisiwe ngomphumela waleli tiye uqobo.

**9. Ukuphisa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba samatiye aluhlaza.

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Inani letiye:** 3 g ku-150 ml.
* **Isitsha:** ingilazi noma i-gaiwan emhlophe.
* **Inqubo:**
    1. Shisisa isitsha.
    2. Faka itiye bese uthela amanzi eceleni kwesitsha.
    3. Ukukhishwa kokuqala — ngemva kwemizuzwana engu-40–60.
    4. Phuza, ushiya ingxenye yetiye.
    5. Thela amanzi futhi.
    6. Ukuphinda kabili noma kathathu ukuthelwa.

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

Umkhuba wesigaba. Emaphaketheni avaliwe, esiqandisini ku-0–5 °C, ngaphandle kokukhanya, umswakama namaphunga. Kungcono ukuphuzwa phakathi nonyaka.

**11. Intengo kanye nokukhwabanisa:**

Ayikho idatha ngentengo emithonjeni etholakele.

* **Indlela yokugwema omgunyathi:**
    * Bheka uphawu lwendawo ephaketheni.
    * Qinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizi uvela esifundeni sase-Tongcheng.
    * Iqabunga — lisicaba, liqondile, linoboya obumhlophe obuvulekile. Lokhu kubukeka kukhona kumatiye amaningi ayisicaba, ngakho imvelaphi nophawu kuthembeke kakhulu kunokubukeka.

**12. Amaqiniso athakazelisayo:**

* Igama letiye liyigama lendawo, eliphinde libe yigama lenhlaka yamagesi amancane kanye nogologo wesifunda.
* Esimemezelweni esifanayo sikamongameli womnyango sika-2020 uphawu lwatholwa yiminye imikhiqizo eyishumi nesishiyagalombili yaseHubei, phakathi kwayo omakhelwane ochungechungeni — i-Donghe Bizhen Cha ([董河碧珍茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/donghe-bizhen-cha)) ne-Luotian Xianglu Cha ([罗田香露茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/luotian-xianglu-cha)).

**13. Ukuqhathaniswa namanye amatiye aluhlaza:**

* **I-Tongcheng Haolü ([通城毫绿](https://thetea.app/zu/article/tongcheng-haolu)):** Elinye itiye eliluhlaza lesifunda elifanayo — ukusongeka okuqondile okunoboya kohlobo lwe-maojian; iBaizhangtan Cha ineqabunga eliyisicaba.
* **I-Xi Hu Long Jing ([西湖龙井](https://thetea.app/zu/article/xihu-longjing)):** Isibonelo setiye eliluhlaza eliyisicaba eligazingiwe; i-Baizhangtan Cha itiye laseHubei lakamuva lesimo esifanayo.
* **I-Sanxia Long Jing ([三峡龙井](https://thetea.app/zu/article/sanxia-long-jing)):** Itiye eliluhlaza laseHubei elenziwe ngobuchwepheshe be-longjing, livela entshonalanga yesifundazwe.
* **I-Shuangjing Lü ([双井绿](https://thetea.app/zu/article/shuangjing-lu)):** Itiye eliluhlaza elisongekile elinoboya lesifunda esingumakhelwane sase-Xiushui — ngaphesheya komngcele wesifundazwe, eJiangxi.

**Ekuphetheni:**

I-Baizhangtan Cha itiye eliluhlaza eliyisicaba eliselisha lezintaba zase-Tongcheng lapho kuhlangana khona izifundazwe ezintathu: iqabunga eliqondile elinoboya obumhlophe, iphunga eliphezulu elihlala isikhathi eside, ukunambitheka okugcwele nobumnandi obubuyayo. Imibhalo ikhuluma ngendawo, ukubukeka nokubhaliswa, kodwa ayisho uhlobo lwetiye noma imephu yobuchwepheshe.