---
title: "I-Itiye Eliluhlaza laseBhayimilingi"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/baima-ling-lucha
lang: zu
updated: 2026-04-08
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# I-Itiye Eliluhlaza laseBhayimilingi (白马岭绿茶, Báimǎ lǐng lǜchá)

I-Itiye Eliluhlaza laseBhayimilingi (白马岭绿茶, Báimǎ lǐng lǜchá) yitiye eliluhlaza elisezintabeni eziphakeme elisuka ku-Baima Ridge ("I-Bhayimili Yemikhovu Emhlophe") enhliziyweni yesiqhingi esishisayo sase-Hainan, ekujuleni kwezintaba zase-Wuzhishan (五指山, "Iminwe Emihlanu"). Leli itiye liyigugu ngokoqobo: umkhiqizo ophambili we-"Báimǎ Wùzhū" (白马雾珠, "Insimbi Yomoya Yomkhovu Omhlophe") usongwa ube amabhola aminyene afana nensimbi yomoya ezalwe emafini. Izivande zetiye zase-Baima Ridge zitshalwe emhlabathini ovela entaba-mlilo, ogcwele iseleniyamu ngokwemvelo, zizungezwe ihlathi elishisayo elifinyelela ku-86% – endaweni lapho kuba khona inkungu izinsuku ezingaphezu kwama-260 ngonyaka, futhi umoya unama-ion amabi angaphezu kwama-23,000 nge-sentimitha eyisigxobo. Itiye selithole isitifiketi se-GAP (Global Good Agricultural Practices) kanye nokuhlolwa kwase-Europe kwezinsalela zezibulala-zinambuzane, kwathi ngo-2017 lathola umklomelo okhethekile weGolide kumqhudelwano wakulo lonke elaseShayina i-"Huá Míng Bēi" (华茗杯).

**1. Uhlukaniso Nendabuko:**

* **Uhlobo:** Itiye eliluhlaza (绿茶, lǜchá), elingavuthisiwe. Lingelesigaba samatiye aluhlaza aphekwe epanini (炒青绿茶, chǎoqīng lǜchá). Umkhiqizo ophambili "Báimǎ Wùzhū" uwukusongeka okunezinhlamvu eziyinsimbi (珠形, zhūxíng); omunye umkhiqizo othi "Yúnwù Lǜchá" unokuma kwemicu yakudala (条形, tiáoxíng).

* **Isigaba:** Itiye elidumile lesifunda sase-Hainan. Umkhiqizo onendawo ebhalisiwe ngokwendawo (核心区 — i-Qiongzhong Li and Miao Autonomous County). Unesimo se-"Mkhiqizo Oluhlaza" (绿色食品), "Umkhiqizo Wezolimo Odumile Wesifundazwe sase-Hainan" (海南名牌农产品), "Uphawu Lwezentengiselwano Oludumile Lwesifundazwe sase-Hainan" (海南省著名商标). Umklomelo Okhethekile WeGolide kumqhudelwano we-"Huá Míng Bēi" (华茗杯特别金奖, 2017). Uphumelele isitifiketi se-GAP nokuhlolwa kwezinsalela zezibulala-zinambuzane ngamazinga e-EU.

* **Indabuko:** EShayina, esifundazweni sase-Hainan (海南省, Hǎinán Shěng), e-Qiongzhong Li and Miao Autonomous County (琼中黎族苗族自治县, Qióngzhōng Lízú Miáozú Zìzhìxiàn). Itiye likhiqizwa emithambekeni yomgogodla wase-Baima Ridge (白马岭, Báimǎ Lǐng), osendaweni ekujuleni kwezintaba zase-Wuzhishan – indawo ephakeme kunazo zonke e-Hainan (1867 m). Indawo yokukhiqiza iyipulazi lezolimo likahulumeni i-"Wushi" (国营乌石农场, Guóyíng Wūshí Nóngchǎng), manje eseyi-"Hainan Nóngkěn Wūshí Báimǎ Lǐng Cháyè" (海南农垦乌石白马岭茶业有限公司).

* **Izixhumanisi zokuma komhlaba:** Cishe u-19°10' enyakatho, u-109°50' empumalanga.

**2. Umlando Nokubaluleka Kwamasiko:**

* **Umlando:** Umlando wetiye waseBaima Ridge usukela emuva eminyakeni eyinkulungwane – esikhathini lapho okhokho babantu base-Li (黎族, Lízú) babebuthela itiye lasendle ezintabeni zase-Wuzhishan ukuze belaphe futhi baphuze nsuku zonke.

	**Isikhathi sasendulo.** Kakumagazini we-"Qióngtáizhì" (《琼台志》, "Umlando Wombhalo [Wesiqhingi] sase-Qióng"), owabhalwa ngesikhathi seMing (1511), sekubhalwe imiqulu yokukhiqiza "芽茶" (itiye lehlumela) kanye "叶茶" (itiye leqabunga) e-Hainan, kufaka phakathi imininingwane yamanani nokuthunyelwa esigodlweni. Emibhalweni yesifunda ye-Qing, umgogodla waseBaima Ridge ubalulwa ngegama elidala i-Sīhé Lǐng (思河岭); abalobi be-"Dìng Ān Xiàn Zhì" (《定安县志》) baphawula ukuthi itiye lase-Sīhé Lǐng "ngobumnandi belidlula itiye lase-Nánlǘlǐng" (南闾岭). Ngesikhathi se-Qing, itiye laseBaima Ridge kanye nelingumakhelwane "Shuǐmǎn Chá" ([水满茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/shuiman-cha)) oluvela emithambekeni eseningizimu ye-Wuzhishan kwafakwa ohlwini lwama-"gòngchá" (贡茶, gòngchá) – "amatiye esipho" ayethunyelwa esigodlweni sombusi.

	**Isikhathi samapulazi kahulumeni (1958–1990).** Ngo-1958, ngaphansi kohlelo olukhulu lokuthuthukisa izindawo zezintaba zase-Hainan, kwasungulwa izivande zokuqala zetiye endaweni yase-Wuzhishan. Ngo-1960, e-Baima Ridge kwasungulwa amapulazi etiye kahulumeni i-Língtóu (岭头) ne-Báimǎ Lǐng, kamuva ahlanganiswa nepulazi lase-"Nánfāng" futhi adluliselwa esikhungweni se-National Agricultural Enterprise "Wushi" (国营乌石农场). Ngalesi sikhathi, i-Hainan yayikhiqiza kakhulu itiye elibomvu (elimnyama) elithunyelwa ngaphandle – i-CTC itiye lomkhiqizo we-"Yuǎnyáng Pái" (远洋牌) oluvela epulazini lase-Nánhǎi lwaluthunyelwa emazweni ayi-18 emhlabeni, okuhlanganisa i-USA, Japan, ne-France. Ngo-1990, inani eliphelele lokuthunyelwa kwetiye lase-Hainan lase lidlule amathani angama-40,000, lilethela izwe imali engaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-70 ze-yuan.

	**Inkinga nokuvuselelwa (1990s – kuze kube manje).** Ekuqaleni kwawo-1990, ngemva kokususwa kwesistimu yokuthenga kukahulumeni (统购统销) nokuwa kwamanani etiye elibomvu emhlabeni, imboni yetiye yase-Hainan yabhekana nenkinga enkulu: kuma-mu angu-8,000 ezivande zetiye e-Baima Ridge, kwasala cishe ama-800 kuphela asetshenziswa. Inguquko yafika ngo-2009, lapho ibhizinisi lihlelwa kabusha futhi ligxile ekukhiqizeni itiye eliluhlaza lezinga eliphezulu. Ngo-2011 kwasungulwa umkhiqizo ophawu lwe-"Báimǎ Wùzhū" (白马雾珠) – itiye eliluhlaza elisongeke njengensimbi, okwaba uphawu lomkhiqizo. Ngo-2017 i-"Báimǎ Wùzhū" yathola umklomelo okhethekile weGolide kumqhudelwano wakulo lonke elaseShayina i-"Huá Míng Bēi". Ngo-2024, indawo yezivande zetiye yayidlule ama-mu angu-8,251, ukukhiqizwa konyaka kwakuyizi-dàn eziyi-10,000 (担, ~amathani angama-500) etiye elomile, futhi izinga lokusebenza ngobuhlakani kwezivande lalingama-80%.

* **Igama:**
	* "Báimǎ" (白马) – "Ihhashi Elimhlophe" – yigama lomgogodla wezintaba. Igama lendawo, ngokomunye umbono, lihlobene nokuma komgogodla okufana nesithombe sehhashi elimhlophe eligijimayo, elibonakala ngaphakathi emafini.
	* "Lǐng" (岭) – "umgogodla", "uhla lwezintaba".
	* "Lǜchá" (绿茶) – "itiye eliluhlaza".

* **Ukubaluleka kwamasiko:** Kubantu bomdabu base-Li (黎族) nabase-Miao (苗族) – abahlali bendawo engxenyeni yezintaba yase-Hainan – itiye liyingxenye engafani nempilo yansuku zonke, umuthi wesintu, nemikhuba yokungenisa izihambeli. I-Qiongzhong ingenye yezifunda ezintathu eziyinhloko zetiye e-Hainan (kanye ne-Baisha ne-Wuzhishan) – ibekwe njengesizinda "setiye lasehlathini elinamvula" (雨林茶). I-brand ye-"Báimǎ Lǐng" isibe ngolunye lwamabhrendi amabili aphambili etiye e-Qiongzhong County (olwesibili yi-"Xīnwěi", 新伟牌). Minyaka yonke e-Qiongzhong kuba ne-"Umkhosi Wetiye Lwentwasahlobo" (早春茶文化节), lapho "Báimǎ Lǐng" ihlala idonsela ukunaka kwabathengi abavela ezweni laseShayina.

**3. Incazelo Yezitshalo Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa:**

* **Izinhlobo / Imbewu Ekhuliswayo:** Kukhiqizwa kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezimbalwa ze- *Camellia sinensis*:
	* **Hǎinán Dàyè Zhǒng (海南大叶种)** – uhlobo lwendawo lwase-Hainan olunamacembe amakhulu (*C. sinensis* var. *assamica*), olwafuywa lusuka ezigodlweni zasendle zehlathi elishisayo lase-Wuzhishan. Ngo-2023, ukuhlaziywa kofuzo kwaqinisekisa isimo sakhona njengohlobo oluzimele, oluhlukile kolwase-Yunnan olunamacembe amakhulu. Okuqukethwe ama-polyphenols ≥28%. Kunikeza umzimba ominyene we-infusion kanye ne-profile "enemizimba".
	* **Yúnnán Dàyè Zhǒng (云南大叶种)** – uhlobo lwakudala olunamacembe amakhulu, olwangeniswa ngawo-1960s. Luyinhlanganisela yesisekelo.
	* **Qílán ([奇兰](https://thetea.app/zu/article/qi-lan))** – uhlobo olunamacembe aphakathi nendawo olunephunga elimnandi, olwavela e-Fujian. I-Qílán iyona ebangela amanothi ezimbali nezithelo ephunga.

* **Ukuvunwa:** Ngenxa yesimo sezulu esishisayo sase-Hainan (ukushisa okuphakathi unyaka ~22°C), isikhathi sokukhula side kakhulu kunasezwekazini. Ukuvunwa kwasentwasahlobo kungaqala ngoDisemba noma uJanuwari – i-Qiongzhong inomdlandla wokuba nengxenye yokuqala "yezifunda zetiye lasentwasahlobo" (早春茶产区) eShayina.

* **Izinga lokuvuna:**
	* Uhlobo oluphezulu kakhulu (特级): ihlumela eliphelele noma ihlumela elilodwa elineqabunga elisanda kuvuleka (全芽或一芽一叶). Yakha ama-90% womkhiqizo wendawo ebaluleke kakhulu e-Wushi Farm.
	* Uhlobo lokuqala (一级): ihlumela elilodwa elineqabunga elilodwa.
	* Uhlobo lwesibili (二级): ihlumela elilodwa elinamacembe amabili amancane.

* **Izidingo zezinto zokusetshenziswa:** Amahlumela alinganayo, athambile, aphelele. Ukuvunwa ngesandla. Izinto ezisanda kuvunwa zicutshungulwa ngalo lolo suku.

**4. Terroir Nezici Zokutshala:**

* **Isimo sezulu:** Umgogodla weBaima Ridge usendaweni enesimo sezulu se-tropical monsoon, esishintshwa ukuma kwezintaba. Ukushisa okuphakathi unyaka cishe ku-22°C. Imvula yonyaka cishe ingama-2,500 mm. Okuhlukile okuyinhloko – **izinsuku ezingaphezu kwama-260 zenkungu ngonyaka** – esinye sezindlela eziphakeme kakhulu phakathi kwezifunda zetiye emhlabeni. Ukukhanya okusakazekayo (散射光) kwenza ngaphezu kwama-75% wokukhanya okuphelele. Ukwehluka kwezinga lokushisa phakathi kosuku nobusuku kungaphezu kuka-7°C. Lezi zimo zidala isimo esilungile sokukhula okuhamba kancane kwamahlumela kanye nokuqongelelwa okukhulu kwama-amino acid nezinto ezinuka kamnandi.

* **Indawo ephakeme yokutshala:** Kufinyelela kumamitha angu-1,264 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle – ngesiqhingi esishisayo lokhu kungukuphakama okukhethekile. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-latitude eshisayo (19°N) nokuphakama okungaphezu kuka-1,000 m kwakha isimo sezulu esincane esingenakuqhathaniswa nezinye izifunda zetiye eShayina.

* **Umhlabathi:** Umhlabathi obomvu ovela entaba-mlilo (火山灰发育的红壤, huǒshānhuī fāyù de hóng rǎng) one-pH engu-4.5–6.0. Okuqukethwe izinto eziphilayo kungu-≥15g/kg. Isici esiyingqayizivele – **ukucebisa ngokwemvelo ngeseleniyamu**: okuqukethwe i-Se emhlabathini kuphindwe kabili kunesilinganiso saseShayina sonke. Amanzi ahambelana nezinga lokuqala lamazinga kahulumeni.

* **Imvelo:** Ukumbozwa kwehlathi – 86%. Inani lama-ion amabi emoyeni – lingaphezu kwama-23,000 nge-sentimitha eyisigxobo (lapho okujwayelekile "ezindaweni zokungcebeleka zamahlathi" kungama-1500+). Akukho zimboni nhlobo. Izivande zetiye zizungezwe ihlathi elishisayo le-National Park yase-"Hainan Rèdài Yǔlín" (海南热带雨林国家公园).

* **Indawo eyinhloko:** Indawo yokukhiqiza yetiye ye-Wushi Farm (乌石农场白马岭茶区) ezansi ne-Yázhèn (牙叉镇), engxenyeni eseningizimu-ntshonalanga ye-Qiongzhong County. Lapha kukhiqizwa ama-90% etiye lezinga eliphezulu.

**5. Ubuchwepheshe Bokukhiqiza:**

Ngaphansi kophawu lwe-"Báimǎ Lǐng" kukhiqizwa izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zetiye eliluhlaza, ezihlukile ngesigaba sokulolonga: oluyinsimbi (珠形, "Báimǎ Wùzhū") nolwemicu (条形, "Yúnwù Lǜchá").

* **Ukunaba (摊放 — tān fàng):** Amahlumela avuniwe anabeka ngokhahlo oluncane amahora angu-2–4 ukuze abune kancane futhi kuqale ukwakheka kwephunga.

* **"Ukubulala uhlaza" (杀青 — shāqīng):** Ukucutshungulwa emgodleni oyisilinda ku-120–140°C. Ukungasebenzi kwama-enzyme, ukugxilisa umbala oluhlaza.

* **I-Rolling (揉捻 — róuniǎn):** Ukucindezela kancane kube umucu (轻压成条) – ukwakha isakhiwo sesisekelo setiye.

* **Ukulolonga (做形 — zuòxíng):** Isigaba esinquma umkhiqizo wokugcina:
	* **Okwe-"Báimǎ Wùzhū" (白马雾珠):** Ukusongwa kwezinsimbi – itiye liginqwa libe amabhola aminyane emazingeni okushisa okuyi-~80°C ngokuwahluba nokuwagingqa ngokuphindaphindiwe (搓揉做形). Le nqubo "ivala" ngaphakathi kwezinhlamvu izinto ezinuka kamnandi ezibalekayo – yingakho ubuchwepheshe bubizwa ngokuthi "ukukhiya kwephunga okunjegezinsimbi" (珠形锁香).
	* **Okwe-"Yúnwù Lǜchá" ([云雾绿茶](https://thetea.app/zu/article/yun-wu-lu-cha)):** Icebe lilolongwa libe umucu oqondile ominyene (条索紧直) ngendlela evamile.

* **Ukomisa kanye nokushisa okokugcina (提香 — tíxiāng):** Ukomisa ngezinga lokushisa eliphansi ku-~50°C ukuze kususwe umswakama osele ngobumnene futhi kugxilwe iphunga.

* **Izici ezikhethekile zobuchwepheshe:** Kusetshenziswa umthetho othi "富硒转化" – "ukuguqulwa kweseleniyamu": ukususa ngokuphelele umquba wamakhemikhali, ukwethembela ekunothiseni okungokwemvelo kweseleniyamu oluvela emhlabathini wentaba-mlilo. Itiye seliphumelele isitifiketi se-GAP (Global Good Agricultural Practices) nokuhlolwa ngamazinga e-EU kwezinsalela zezibulala-zinambuzane.

**6. Izimpawu Zokunuka Nokunambitha:**

* **Ukubukeka kwetiye elomile:** **Wùzhū**: amabhola aminyene, alinganayo ombala ohlaza oshisayo onokuthunqa okunamafutha (深绿油润) noboya obuncane. **Yúnwù Lǜchá**: imicu eqondile, eminyene yombala ohlaza oshisayo enoboya obubonakalayo.

* **Iphunga letiye elomile:** Elihlanzekile, eliphakeme (清香), elinenothi elinamandla le-castanea (栗香) etiyeni lasentwasahlobo. Ezigabeni eziphakeme – kunothi olwengeziwe lwe-zòngyè (粽叶香, "iphunga leqabunga lika-bamboo"). Inkomishi ebandayo igcina iphunga isikhathi esingaphezu kwemizuzu eyi-8.

* **Iphunga le-infusion:** Elihlanzekile, elizinzile, elinomnyombo we-castanea namathoni aluhlaza amasha. Elihle futhi "elihlala isikhathi eside".

* **Ukunambitheka:** Okusha (鲜爽) ngenxa yokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-amino acid. Kunambitheka kamnandi kancane (甘醇, gānchún) nobukrakhulu obuncane (涩感微弱). Ubumnandi obubuyayo (回甘) – bucacile futhi buhlala isikhathi. Umzimba uminyene ngokulingene, "unomswakama".

* **Umbala we-infusion:** Umhlaza oluhlaza ocwebezelayo, omsulwa (嫩绿清澈). Kwe-"Wùzhū" – unokuthunqa okuncane okugolide.

* **I-tip yetiye (icebe elithengisiwe eliphekiwe):** Iluhlaza ngobumnene, ilingana (嫩匀成朵), iphilayo (黄绿鲜活). Kwitiye eliyinsimbi – amabhola avuleka ngokuphelele abe amahlumela aphelele, ekhombisa izinga lezinto ezisetshenzisiwe.

**7. Isakhiwo Samakhemikhali:**

* **Ama-polyphenols (ama-catechin):** ≥25%. Uhlobo lwase-Hainan olunamacembe amakhulu ngokwemvelo luqukethe ama-polyphenols amaningi kunezinhlobo ezinamacembe aphakathi nendawo zasezweni, okuhlinzeka ngamandla amakhulu e-antioxidant.

* **Ama-amino acid (kuhlanganise no-L-theanine):** Okuqukethwe okuphezulu ngenxa yokufiphala okukhethekile (izinsuku zenkungu ezingaphezu kwama-260) nokuchichima kokukhanya okusakazekayo. Ama-amino acid yiwona anquma "ubusha" nokunambitheka mnandi kancane.

* **I-Selenium (Se):** ≥0.8 mg/kg – isici esiyingqayizivele. Uma kuqhathaniswa: isilinganiso se-selenium kutiyeni eliluhlaza olujwayelekile ≤0.3 mg/kg. I-Selenium ikwisimo se-organic (etholakalayo kalula), idonswa kalula ngumzimba.

* **Ama-alkaloids:** I-caffeine (okuqukethwe okuphakathi nendawo), i-theobromine, i-theophylline.

* **Ama-vithamini:** I-Vitamin C, ama-vithamini eqembu B.

* **Amaminerali:** I-Potassium, i-magnesium, i-zinc, i-manganese – okubangelwa umhlabathi ovela entaba-mlilo.

* **Ama-oligosaccharides aphansi (低聚果糖):** Ngokusho komkhiqizi, okuqukethwe kungaphezulu ngama-40% kunakwitiye eliluhlaza olujwayelekile – okuyinto esiza ukukhula kwama-microbiome amathumbu.

**8. Izinzuzo Zezempilo:**

* **Ukugcwalisa ukusilela kwe-selenium ngempumelelo:** Okuqukethwe i-Se (≥0.8 mg/kg) – kuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-2.5+ kunesilinganiso. I-Selenium iyinto encane ebalulekile emasosheni omzimba, endlala yegilo, nokuvikela ama-antioxidant.
* **Umsebenzi onamandla we-antioxidant:** Ukusebenzisana kwama-polyphenols (≥25%) ne-selenium e-organic.
* **Umphumela wokuvuselela:** Inhlanganisela ye-caffeine ne-L-theanine ihlinzeka ngokuvuka okumnene nokulinganiselayo.
* **Ukusekela ukugaya kanye nama-microbiome amathumbu:** Ama-catechin + okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwama-oligosaccharides aphansi – umphumela ophindwe kabili wokukhuthaza ukukhula kwama-microbiome amathumbu.
* **Umsebenzi wokuqabula nokwehlisa ukushisa:** Kubaluleke kakhulu esimweni sezulu esishisayo sase-Hainan. Ngokwesiko lama-Li, itiye eliluhlaza lisetshenziswa ngale ndlela.
* **Ukusekela uhlelo lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi:** Ama-polyphenols asiza ukulungisa ukusetshenziswa kwamafutha emzimbeni.
* **Umsebenzi wokuqinisa jikelele:** Inhlanganisela yamavithamini (C, B), amaminerali (K, Mg, Zn) kanye no-Se.

**9. Ukuthela:**

* **Izinga lokushisa lamanzi:** 80°C (amanzi abilayo apholile ~imizuzwana engu-90). Ngohlobo oluphezulu kakhulu kungahle kwehliselwe ku-75°C.

* **Inani letiye:** ama-3 g ku-150 ml (ingilazi, isilinganiso 1:50).

* **Izitsha:** Ingilazi – iyona engcono kakhulu ku-"Báimǎ Wùzhū": ikuvumela ukubuka "umdanso wamabhola", avuleka kancane emanzini. I-gaiwan yamapheya amhlophe (白瓷盖碗) – ilungile ukuhlanganisa iphunga.

* **Inqubo:**
	1. Fudumeza ingilazi noma i-gaiwan ngamanzi ashisayo.
	2. Thela itiye.
	3. Indlela "ephakathi yokuthelela" (中投法): thela ingxenye eyi-1/3 yamanzi "ukuvusa itiye" (润茶), linda imizuzu emi-3 – amabhola azoqala ukuvuleka. Bese ungeza amanzi afinyelela kumazinga awu-7/10.
	4. Ukuthela kokuqala: imizuzu emi-2–3 (ngengilazi).
	5. Itiye limelana nokuthelwa izikhathi ezi-3–4 ezigcwele (uma kusetshenziswa indlela yokuthelela ngegaiwan – izikhathi ezi-5–6 ezimfushane zemizuzwana engu-10–15).

**10. Ukugcinwa:**

* Ukupakisha okuvaliwe, ukuvikelwa ekukhanyeni, emswakameni, naseziphungweni ezingaphandle.
* Okuhle – ukugcinwa efrijini ku-0–5°C ekupakisheni okuvaliwe.
* Isikhathi sokugcinwa singavuliwe – izinyanga eziyi-12.
* Ngemva kokuvulwa – sebenzisa kungakapheli inyanga eyi-1.
* Ungagcini ndawonye nokudla okunephunga elinamandla.

**11. Amanani Nemikhigizo-mbumbulu:**

* **Isigaba sentengo:** Isigaba esiphakathi nesiphezulu samatiye aluhlaza ase-Hainan. Amanani alinganisiwe: uhlobo oluphezulu kakhulu (特级) – kusukela kuma-yuan angu-800 nge-500 g kuye phezulu (imikhiqizo yezipho "yesiphethwane entwasahlobo" – ibiza kakhulu); uhlobo lokuqala (一级) – ama-yuan angu-300–500; uhlobo lwesibili – luthengeka kakhulu, lusetshenziswa futhi njengento yokwenziwa kwetiye elisemaphaketheni.

* **Indlela yokugwema imikhiqizo-mbumbulu:**
	* Thenga kumkhiqizi osemthethweni – "Hainan Nóngkěn Wūshí Báimǎ Lǐng Cháyè" (海南农垦乌石白马岭茶业有限公司) noma ezindaweni zokuthengisa ezigunyaziwe.
	* Hlola uphawu lwezohwebo "白马岭" kanye nophawu "绿色食品" emaphaketheni.
	* Okwe-"Wùzhū": amabhola angempela – aminyene, alinganayo, aluhlaza oshisayo ngokunamafutha. Imikhiqizo-mbumbulu ivame ukuguquguquka, ayifani ngombala.
	* Iphunga – elihlanzekile le-castanea, lingenawo amanothi amakhemikhali. Infusion – isobala, iluhlaza ngobumnene. Ukubhuqa kunguphawu lwezinto ezingasezingeni.
	* Ikhono lokumelana nokuthelwa okugcwele izikhathi ezi-3–4 liwuphawu lobuqiniso.

**12. Amaphuzu Athakazelisayo:**

* **"Itiye lesipho" lomkhosi wase-Hainan.** Emibhalweni yesifunda ye-Qing, itiye lomgogodla i-Sīhé Lǐng (igama elidala le-Baima Ridge) kanye netiye le-"Shuǐmǎn" lase-Wuzhishan kubalulwa njengama-"贡茶" (gòngchá) – amatiye athunyelwa esigodlweni. Abalobi be-"Dìng Ān Xiàn Zhì" (《定安县志》) baphawula ukuthi "itiye lase-Sīhé Lǐng lalimnandi ukwedlula ele-Nánlǘlǐng" – enye yezincazelo zokuqala zokunambitha nokunuka kwetiye lase-Hainan.

* **Izinsuku ezingama-260 enkungu.** Izinsuku ezingaphezu kwama-260 zenkungu ngonyaka – isibalo esifanayo nesezintaba zetiye ezifiphala kakhulu zase-Guizhou nasenyakatho ne-Fujian. Kwisiqhingi esishisayo esiku-19° enyakatho, yinto engavamile ebangelwa inhlanganisela yokuphakama (1,264 m) nomthelela wemimoya esuka eSouth China Sea.

* **Ukufakazelwa ngofuzo.** Ngo-2023, ukuhlaziywa kofuzo kwaqinisekisa ukuthi uhlobo lwetiye lwase-Hainan olunamacembe amakhulu (海南大叶种) luwuhlobo oluzimele, oluhluke ngofuzo kolwase-Yunnan olunamacembe amakhulu. Lokhu kutholwa kuphakamisa inani le-Báimǎ Lǐng Lǜchá njengetiye elivela ekuhlanganeni kwe-terroir nokofuzo okungatholakali kwenye indawo.

* **Kusuka kokubomvu kuye kokuluhlaza.** Kuze kube ngawo-1990, amapulazi etiye ase-Hainan ayekhiqiza cishe itiye elibomvu (elimnyama) kuphela elithunyelwa ngaphandle. Ukushintshela kwitiye eliluhlaza kwenzeka ngempoqo – ngemuva kokuwa kwezimakethe zokuthekelisa – kodwa kwaba yimpumelelo: izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezinamacembe amakhulu ezihlanganiswe nomhlabathi oneseleniyamu kanye nesimo sezulu esifiphala zikhiqize itiye eliluhlaza elinomzimba ominyene ngokungajwayelekile kanye nokunambitheka okuhlala isikhathi eside.

* **Ama-ion amabi angu-23,000.** Inani lama-ion amabi e-oxygen emoyeni wezivande zetiye zase-Baima Ridge lingaphezu kwama-23,000 nge-sentimitha eyisigxobo. Uma kuqhathaniswa: emoyeni wedolobha – 100–300, ehlathini elijwayelekile – 1500–3000. Lesi silinganiso sihlala endaweni ye-Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park.

**13. Izinhlobonhlobo zetiye lase-Baima Líng:**

* **Báimǎ Wùzhū (白马雾珠, Báimǎ Wùzhū) — "Insimbi Yomoya Yomkhovu Omhlophe":** Ukusongeka kwezinsimbi (珠形). Amabhola aminyene, avuleka emanzini njengezimbali ezichumayo. Iphunga — eliphakeme le-castanea elinenothi le-zòngyè. Umkhiqizo ophambili, isikhundla sesipho. Wadalwa ngo-2011.

* **Yúnwù Lǜchá (云雾绿茶, Yúnwù Lǜchá) — "Itiye Eliluhlaza Elisesifini":** Isimo semicu yakudala (条形). Imicu eqondile, eminyene yombala ohlaza oshisayo. Ukunambitheka — kuminene futhi "kunamandla" kune-"Wùzhū". Ilungele ukusetshenziswa nsuku zonke kanye nemakethe evamile.

**Sokuphetha:**

I-Itiye Eliluhlaza laseBhayimilingi liyitiye elivela ezweni okunzima ukulicabanga: isiqhingi esishisayo, lapho ekuphakameni kwamamitha angu-1,264, enkungwini ehlala izinsuku ezingama-260 ngonyaka, emhlabathini ovela entaba-mlilo ogcwele iseleniyamu, ezungezwe ihlathi elimboze ngama-86%, kumila itiye okhokho balo ababeyisipho esithunyelwa esigodlweni se-Qing. Amabhola e-"Báimǎ Wùzhū", avuleka kancane engilazini, akukhona nje umkhuba omuhle, kodwa yindlela yokukhipha iphunga "elivalelwe" ngaphakathi kwecebe ngobuchwepheshe obuthi "珠形锁香". Enkomishini – ubusha obumnene besimo sezulu esishisayo obunokufudumele kwe-castanea kanye nokunambitheka okunoshukela okuhlala isikhathi eside, okusekelwa yizinzuzo ezingokoqobo ze-selenium e-organic. Itiye elilungele labo abathanda ukuthola okungaziwa.