---
title: "Qī wǔ qī èr"
url: https://thetea.app/zu/article/7572-shu-bing
lang: zu
updated: 2026-07-23
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Qī wǔ qī èr (唛号)

I-7572 akulona uhlobo lwethiya noma indawo, kodwa iyimàihào ([唛号](https://thetea.app/zu/article/maihao)), inombolo yeresiphi yasefektri, esiphenduke isilinganiso esingekho emthethweni salo lonke uhlobo lwe-shu-puer (熟普, *[shú pǔ'ěr](https://thetea.app/zu/article/pu-er-shucha)*). Kungenxa yaleli—ngenxa yephrofayili yalo eminyene, enomhlabathi omnandi ene-«[勐海](https://thetea.app/zu/article/meng-hai)味»—lapho imakethe isahlola khona ukuthi yini okufanele ibhekwe 'njenge-shu ecindezelwe efanele'.

## Okufihlwe enombolweni

Uhlelo lwe-màihào luyikhodi emfushane yokukhiqiza, okwathi ngesikhathi senkathi yohlelo lwemboni yetiye ehleliwe, lwathatha indawo yamagama okumaketha. Izinombolo ezine zifundeka kanje:

- **ezimbili zokuqala** — unyaka lapho iresiphi (inhlanganisela) yabhalwa khona, lapha ngu-**75**, okungukuthi ngo-1975;
- **eyesithathu** — izinga elimaphakathi lezinto zokusetshenziswa ngokobuncane beqabunga; isibalo sincane, izinto ezibuthakathaka kakhudlwana — lapha ngu-**7**, okuyizinga eliphakathi nendawo leqabunga, izinga 'lokusebenza';
- **eyesine** — ikhodi yefektri: **1** — iKunming (昆明), **2** — iMenghai (勐海), **3** — iXiaguan (下关), **4** — iPuer (普洱); lapha ngu-**2**, okungukuthi iMenghai Factory.

Ngakho-ke u-7572 'iresiphi yango-1975, izinto zokusetshenziswa zesigaba sesikhombisa, ifektri engunombolo-2'. Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi isibalo sesithathu asisho iqabunga elilodwa eliqondile, kodwa ubuncane obuqondiwe benhlanganisela: umxubi uhlanganisa ingxube yezinhlobo eziningi ukuze ubuncane bayo obumaphakathi buhlale bulingana 'nesikhombisa'. Lokhu kuzinza kweresiphi kungumongo we-màihào: ukunambitheka akuhlobene nesivuno esisodwa, kodwa nefomula ekwazi ukuphindwa.

## I-Terroir kanye Nezinto Zokusetshenziswa

I-7572 ingumkhiqizo wesiko laseMenghai (勐海, eningizimu yeYunnan, iSifunda saseXishuangbanna), futhi imvelaphi yaseMenghai ngokwayo iyona enikeza isimilo sayo esaziwayo. Izinto zokusetshenziswa zi-wuhlobo lwamahlamvu amakhulu esihlahla setiye saseYunnan (云南大叶种, *yúnnán dàyè zhǒng*), okuyisisekelo sawo wonke ama-puer: iqabunga eliwugqinsi elinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-polyphenol nezinto ezikhishwayo, elikwazi ukubekezelela ukuvutshelwa kahle futhi linikeze ukumnandi okugcwele, okunothe.

Inhlanganisela ye-7572 iyinhlanganisela yezinhlobo eziningi ngokuyisisekelo. Ngokungafani nama-shu ayi-premium 'anebhodwe elilodwa', lapha kusebenza ingxube yamacembe anobunzima nokuvuthwa obuhlukahlukene: izingxenyana ezithambile zinikeza ubumnandi 'nomzimba', kanti ezimahhadlahhadla zinikeza isakhiwo, isekelo le-tannin kanye nesisekelo esijwayelekile 'sokhuni nomhlabathi'. Isigaba sesikhombisa yilokhu kuhlanganisela: kuthambile ngokwanele ukuthi kushelele, futhi kumahhadla ngokwanele ukugcina ukunothe unyaka nonyaka.

## Ubuchwepheshe: 渥堆 kanye ne-«勐海味»

I-Shu-puer yehlukile kuyi-sheng-puer ngomsebenzi obalulekile — **ukufukwa okumanzi** ([渥堆](https://thetea.app/zu/article/wodui), *wòduī*). Lokhu wukuvutshelwa okulawulwa ngama-microbe: izinto zetiye ezifakwe umswakama zinqwabelaniswa zibe izinqwaba ezinkulu, lapho ngaphansi kwethonya lokushisa, umswakama kanye nama-microflora, emasontweni ambalwa, kwenzeka 'ukuguga' okusheshisayo, okuthatha amashumi eminyaka ku-puer ongahluziwe. Iqabunga liyafiphala, ama-tannin ayathamba, kuvele uhla lwezwi olujwayelekile olunomhlabathi omnandi, 'olusegumbini elingaphansi komhlaba'.

Into ethakazelisa kakhulu nge-shu ukuthi i-wòduī ayinyumba futhi ayifani yonke indawo. I-microflora yendawo yokusebenzela, amanzi endawo, umswakama kanye nesikole ngokwaso sochwepheshe kwakha uphawu lwesifunda — **味型** (*wèixíng*, 'uhlobo lokunambitheka'). Kwi-7572 lolophawu lubizwa ngokuthi «**勐海味**» (*měnghǎi wèi*, 'ukunambitheka kwaseMenghai'): ukuvutshelwa okuminyene kakhudlwana, okufudumele, nobujule obuncane 'bokhuni ne-camphor', okuhlukile ekuqineni okomile kweKunming (昆明味, *kūnmíng wèi*) kanye nasekululameni kweLincang ([临沧](https://thetea.app/zu/article/lincang)味, *líncāng wèi*). Empeleni, 'ukunambitheka kwaseMenghai' yilokho iningi labaphuzayo elikuthatha ngokunganaki 'njengokunambitheka kwe-shu jikelele', ngenxa enkulu yobukhona bayo yonke indawo be-7572.

Ngemuva kokufukwa nokuhlungwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, kucindezelwa kube idiski elijwayelekile—i-bǐng (饼), ama-357 g akudala — kuyashiswa ngesitimu, kubunjwe futhi komiswe. Ukwakheka okucindezelwe kubalulekile: i-7572 yayihloselwe ukuba itiye 'lokusebenza' elikhulu, elithuthwayo, neligcinekayo, futhi i-bing ilungele lokhu ngokuphelele.

## Amazinga kanye Nendawo kulayini

I-Puer njengesigaba ilawulwa amazinga kazwelonke aseChina (GB/T), ahlukanisa izinhlobo ze-生 (sheng, eluhlaza) kanye ne-熟 (shu, evutshiwe) futhi achaza izinto zokusetshenziswa zohlobo lwamahlamvu amakhulu aseYunnan. I-7572 ingena ngokuphelele encazelweni eyisisekelo ye-shu: izinto zokusetshenziswa zamahlamvu amakhulu aseYunnan, ezidlule kwi-wòduī, ezicindezelwe zaba idiski.

Esigabeni semakethe sama-shu, i-7572 ithatha isigaba esimaphakathi, 'esiyisilinganiso'. Kulula ukusiqonda ngokusebenzisa omakhelwane basefektri efanayo kanye nemindeni yeresiphi efanayo:

- **[宫廷普洱](https://thetea.app/zu/article/gongting-pu-er)** (*gōngtíng pǔ'ěr*, 'umbuso') — izinga eliphakeme lobuncane, acishe abe ngamabhodwe kanye neqabunga elicolekile kakhulu; i-shu ebushelelezi futhi 'enombala onofifi' kunazo zonke, i-premium;
- **7262** — iresiphi yesimanje ye-Menghai esezintweni ezisetshenziswayo ezithambile (isigaba sesithupha), ethambile kakhudlwana futhi 'eyi-premium' ngokuphawulekayo;
- **7572** — 'isikhombisa' esimaphakathi, isilinganiso sokuhlanganisela nokusabalala;
- **8592** — iresiphi yango-1985, isigaba sesishiyagalolunye, evela kuma-«老五样» ('amasampula amadala amahlanu'), emahhadla futhi 'esemaphandleni' kakhudlwana;
- **7581** — ulayini 'wezitini' we-Kunming (中茶), ngokomlando esinye sezitini zokuqala ze-shu; ifektri ehlukile, ukwakheka okuhlukile kanye ne-wèixíng ehlukile.

Kulesi sikali, i-7572 iyindawo yokuqalisa: eshibhile ngokwanele ukuphuzwa nsuku zonke, futhi 'ifanele' ngokwanele ukuthi kungalinganiswa ngayo ukunambitheka.

## Ukunambitheka Nokuphisa

Iphrofayili ye-7572 iyincwadi yokufunda ye-shu 'yaseMenghai': ithoni efudumele enomhlabathi nokhuni, ubumnandi bemvelo obucacile ngemuva, 'umzimba' wokumnandi ominyene, obushelelezi ongenabo ubukrakra obuhlabayo. Amaqoqo amasha angase abe nethoni 'esanda kufukwa' (堆味, *duīwèi*) — enomswakama kancane futhi enjengegumbi elingaphansi; ngokuvuthwa, ihamba, inikeze indawo yobumnandi obuhlanzekile, obuyindilinga kanye namanothi ezithelo ezomisiwe. Umbala wokumnandi ubomvu onsundu ngokujulile, ezikhathini ezigcwele cishe awubonakali.

Umkhuba wokuphisa:

- isitsha — i-gàiwǎn (盖碗) noma itiye le-Yixing eliminyene; i-shu ibekezelela kahle ubucwebe 'obusindayo';
- amanzi abilayo asezingeni eliphezulu (cishe 100 °C) — iqabunga elivutshiwe lithanda izinga lokushisa eliphezulu;
- ukugeza-'ukuvusa' okuyimpoqo (洗茶): ukukhipha okukodwa noma okubili okufushane, ukususa uthuli lokucindezela nokuthambisa i-duīwèi esencane;
- ukuphisa okufushane (imizuzwana emi-5 – 10 okokuqala, ngokwelula kancane kancane); i-shu iyakuxolela ukufakwa okuminyene futhi inikeza imizamo eminingi;
- ukufakwa okuphanayo (cishe 7 – 8 g ku-100 ml) — i-7572 ivuleka 'ngomzimba', hhayi ngamaphunga athambile.

Leli tiye, okunzima 'ukulibulala' ngokuphisa budedengu—ngokwengxenye yingakho liye laba ihhashi elisebenzayo labantu.

## Umlando Namasiko

Ubuchwepheshe be-wòduī njengendlela yezimboni bacwasiswa maphakathi nawo-1970; kungalesi sikhathi lapho kwahlanganiswa khona izinombolo zeresepe eziyisisekelo 'zamashumi ayisikhombisa nanhlanu', kufaka phakathi i-7572. Ukuvela kohlelo lwe-màihào kanye nokuqiniswa kwamaresiphi kwasho ukuguquka kwe-puer kusuka kumkhiqizo wezandla, oncike esimweni sezulu, iye ezingeni lezimboni elikwazi ukuphindwa. I-7572 evela eMenghai Factory (namuhla ngaphansi kophawu lwe-大益, *Dàyì*) yaba i-shu bing enezikhathi eziningi futhi 'ubuso' besigaba: ngayo umuntu ufunda ukuhlukanisa i-shu kwi-sheng, ngayo i-'zero' yokunambitha iyasethwa.

Ngokwamasiko, i-7572 iyi-puer yentando yeningi, yansuku zonke: itiye lokuphuzwa njalo, lokulinganisa ukunambitheka, lokuzwisisa ukuthi isitayela 'saseMenghai' siyini. Akuvamisile ukuthi ibe yinto yokugijimela ukuqoqwa ngokwayo, kodwa kungenxa yalokhu lapho ihlala iyisilinganiso esithembeke kakhulu sohlobo.

## Ungahlukanisa Kanjani

- **Funda inombolo.** '75-7-2': iresiphi yango-1975, isigaba sesikhombisa, iMenghai Factory. Uma isibalo sokugcina kungeyona 'u-2' — kungesinye isikhungo kanye ne-*wèixíng* ehlukile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-bing ibukeka ifana kangakanani.
- **Ukwakheka.** I-7572 iyidiski elicindezelwe *bǐng* (ngokujwayelekile 357 g), hhayi isitini; isitini, ngokwesibonelo, yi-7581 yaseKunming.
- **Iphrofayili.** Bheka 'umzimba' ophakathi ngokuminyene, ubumnandi obufudumele bomhlaba nokhuni kanye nesimilo 'saseMenghai' esingenabo ubukrakra obuhlaselayo. Ukumahhadla ngokweqile nobukrakra 'basemaphandleni' kusondele ku-8592; ubushelelezi obucishe bungabi namzimba, obunombala onofifi kanye namabhodwe kusondele ku-宫廷 kanye no-7262.
- **Izinto zokusetshenziswa.** Lena yinhlanganisela yezinhlobo eziningi, hhayi into 'yebhodwe elilodwa'; iqabunga elibushelelezi ngokufanayo, elithambile ngokugcwele lapho liphukile—yisizathu sokungabaza ukuthi 'yisikhombisa' okuphambi kwakho.
- **Ubusha ngokumelene nokuguga.** I-7572 entsha ingase inuke ifuku (*duīwèi*); lokhu kuvamile eqoqweni elisha futhi kuyahamba ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kodwa akumele kusibekele isisekelo ngokwaso esimnandi nesokhuni.

I-7572 iyigugu ngenxa yokubikezela kwayo: lesi akusona isiqongo futhi akuyona into engavamile, kodwa isilinganiso esikalelwe, okulula kakhulu ukufunda ukulalela ngaso ukuthi i-shu-puer ithini ngempela.