---
title: "Zhāopíng yínshān chá"
url: https://thetea.app/ny/article/zhaoping-yinshan-cha
lang: ny
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Zhāopíng yínshān chá (昭平银杉茶)

**Zhaoping Yinshan Cha** (*Zhāopíng yínshān chá*, 昭平银杉茶) ndi "silver fir wochokera ku Zhaoping", tiyi wobiriwira wa m’boma la Zhaoping (昭平县) m’chigawo cha Hezhou kum’mawa kwa Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region. Kufotokozera kwa chizindikiro chaulimi kumatcha tiyi ameneyu kuti tiyi wobiriwira watsopano wodziwika wa Guangxi. Dzinali linayamba mu zaka za m’ma 1970, pamene mafakitale a m’deralo anayamba kupanga tiyi motsatira njira ya longjing, wongoka, wophwaphwathwa pang’ono, wobiriwira, wokhala ndi ubweya woyera, ndipo anawutcha potengera kufanana kwa tsamba louma ndi singano za mtengo wa 杉; m’zaka za m’ma 1990 boma linapangira tiyi ameneyu muyezo waukadaulo. Maonekedwe monga momwe afotokozedwera ndi awa: tsamba lophwaphwathwa pang’ono, lokutidwa ndi ubweya, kudzera momwe kumawonekera kubiriwira, madzi otuwa obiriwira kwambiri owala, fungo loyera lodzaza, kukoma kofewa ndi koyera. Kuyambira 2010 dzinali limatetezedwa ndi chizindikiro cha geographical indication chaulimi ndi certification mark, ndipo kuyambira 2025 lili ndi udindo wa product wokhala ndi geographical indication.

**1. Gulu ndi Chiyambi:**

* **Mtundu:** Tiyi wobiriwira (绿茶, *lǜchá*). M’chilengezo cha 2025 gulu silinatchulidwe; kufotokozera kwa chizindikiro chaulimi (2010) kumatcha tiyi ameneyu "tiyi wobiriwira watsopano wodziwika wa Guangxi" (新创制发展的广西名优绿茶), ndipo zinthu zochotsedwa amazifananiza ndi muyezo wa tiyi wobiriwira.
* **Gulu:** Tiyi wodziwika watsopano wa Guangxi; geographical indication yaulimi ndi certification mark (2010), product wokhala ndi geographical indication (2025).
* **Chiyambi:** China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (广西壮族自治区, *Guǎngxī Zhuàngzú Zìzhìqū*), chigawo cha Hezhou (贺州, *Hèzhōu*), boma la Zhaoping (昭平县, *Zhāopíng Xiàn*).
* **Malo otetezedwa:** Zowonjezera ku chilengezo zimafotokoza malowa kawiri. Monga mndandanda, muli maboma khumi ndi awiri ndi matauni: Zhaoping, Wenzhu, Xianhui, Zouma, Wujiang, Majiang, Muge, Huangyao, Fuluo, Beituo, Zhangmulin ndi Fenghuang, ndipo mkati mwake muli midzi 128. Monga malire akutali kwambiri, kum’mawa ndi mudzi wa Yingpan wa m’boma la Fenghuang, kumwera ndi mudzi wa Nanlupo wa m’boma la Muge, kumadzulo ndi mudzi wa Maoping wa m’boma la Xianhui, kumpoto ndi mudzi wa Qichong wa m’boma la Wenzhu. Mndandanda womwewu umaperekedwanso ndi kufotokozera kwa chizindikiro chaulimi.
* **Ma coordinates a geographical:** 110°30′–111°19′ E, 23°39′–24°24′ N.

**2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe:**

* **Mbiri:**
    * **Mbiri yakale.** Kufotokozera kwa chizindikiro chaulimi kumayambitsa ulimi wa tiyi ku Zhaoping kuyambira nthawi ya mzera wa Song.
    * **Zaka za m’ma 1970, kubadwa kwa dzina.** Mafakitale a tiyi am’deralo anayamba kupanga tiyi pogwiritsa ntchito luso la longjing: tsamba louma linkatuluka lophwaphwathwa pang’ono ndi lowongoka, lobiriwira, lokhala ndi ubweya woyera. Malinga ndi mitundu anawutcha "silver needle" (银针) ndi "jade needle" (碧玉针), kenako anawaphatikiza pansi pa dzina lakuti "Yinshan Cha". Tsamba louma, monga mwafotokozedwera, linali "lofanana kwambiri ndi singano za mtengo wa 杉".
    * **Kumapeto kwa zaka za m’ma 1970.** Ku boma kunabweretsedwa mitundu ya clonal yokhala ndi kuphukira kwa masamba kogwirizana, choncho tsamba la Yinshan Cha linakhala lofanana kwambiri.
    * **Zaka za m’ma 1990, muyezo.** Boma linapanga tiyi kukhala imodzi mwa mafakitale otsogola a pulogalamu yake yaulimi. Pa maziko a fakitale ya tiyi ya Jiangjunfeng (将军峰茶厂), mothandizidwa ndi luso la South China Agricultural University, adapanga muyezo waukadaulo wa "昭平银杉茶".
    * **Kuyambira 2004.** Boma chaka chilichonse, pafupi ndi 28 March, limachititsa "Phwando la Mfumu ya Tiyi" la Guangxi (Zhaoping), lomwe malinga ndi kufotokozera kwa chizindikiro, mtsogoleri wake wamkulu anali Yinshan Cha.
    * **2007.** Tiyi wamtundu wa "Jiangjunfeng Yinshan" (将军峰银杉) analandira mendulo ya golide pa mpikisano wa tiyi wodziwika wobiriwira wa World Green Tea Conference ku Japan.
    * **Mipikisano ya VIII ndi IX ya "Zhongcha Bei".** Mphoto zoyamba pa mpikisano wa dziko wa tiyi wodziwika wobiriwira (中茶杯).
    * **2010.** Pa 25 March Ministry of Agriculture, kudzera mu chilengezo № 1364, inalembetsa Zhaoping Yinshan Cha monga geographical indication yaulimi (nambala AGI00257); chaka chomwecho State Administration for Industry and Commerce inalembetsa certification mark "昭平银杉" (№ 8051378, mwiniwake ndi Tea Association ya boma la Zhaoping, 昭平县茶叶协会).
    * **2025.** Kudzera mu chilengezo № 640, China National Intellectual Property Administration (CNIPA) inavomereza dzinali kukhala product wokhala ndi geographical indication; m’chilengezo chomwecho muli mayina 1409.
* **Dzina:**
    * "Zhaoping" (昭平) ndi dzina la boma.
    * "Yinshan" (银杉, *yínshān*) ndi "silver fir"; ndi liwu lomwelo ku China amatcha mtengo wakale wa coniferous cathaya (*Cathaya argyrophylla*). Kufotokozera kwa chizindikiro kumalongosola dzinali mwachidule: tsamba louma "lofanana kwambiri ndi singano za mtengo wa 杉" (杉树).
    * "Cha" (茶, *chá*) ndi "tiyi".
* **Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe:** Malinga ndi kufotokozera kwa chizindikiro, pofika kumapeto kwa zaka za m’ma 2000, Yinshan Cha adakhala mu boma lonselo chizindikiritso cha tiyi wa Zhaoping. M’dera lake muli tawuni ya Huangyao (黄姚), mzinda wakale wodziwika, tsopano malo oyendera alendo: malo a tiyi ndi malo oyendera alendo pano amakumana.

**3. Kufotokozera kwa Botanical ndi Zopangira:**

* **Mtundu / Cultivar:** Kufotokozera kwa chizindikiro kumafuna mitundu ya clonal ya gulu la masamba apakati kapena ang’onoang’ono, oyenera Zhaoping, obzalidwa m’deralo kapena obweretsedwa; kututa kwawo kuyenera kuyamba pasanafike kumayambiriro kwa March. Mitundu yeniyeni sinatchulidwe.
* **Muyezo wa kututa:** Malinga ndi kufotokozera kwa chizindikiro, pali magawo atatu. Kwa mtundu wapamwamba kwambiri, "wamtengo wapatali" (珍品), amatuta masamba amodzi okha; kwa mtundu wapadera, bud ndi tsamba limodzi longotuluka kumene; kwa Yinshan Cha wamba, bud ndi tsamba limodzi. Mphukira ziyenera kukhala zofewa, zofanana ndi zaubweya.
* **Kututa:** Kwa masika mu February–April, kwa autumn mu October–November. Masamba otutidwa kuyambira May mpaka September amapita ku maojian ndi tiyi wina.
* **Zofunika pa zopangira:** Mphukira zazing’ono za mitundu ya clonal yobzalidwa m’boma, zopanda kuwonongeka, fungo lachilendo ndi zonyansa.

**4. Terroir ndi Makhalidwe a Kulima:**

Malinga ndi kufotokozera kwa chizindikiro chaulimi (2010):

* **Dera:** Kum’mawa kwa Guangxi; mitsinje ya boma pafupifupi yonse ndi ya m’chigwa cha Guijiang (桂江).
* **Nyengo:** Subtropical monsoon. Kutentha kwapachaka kwapakati ndi 19,9 °C, kuchuluka kwa kutentha kogwira ntchito pamwamba pa 10 °C ndi 6953 °C, mvula ndi 2046,6 mm pachaka, chinyezi chachibale ndi 81 %. Zima ndi yofunda, chirimwe sichotentha, mitambo ndi chifungo zimagwira chaka chonse.
* **Kutalika kwa kulima:** Mapiri ndi mapiri aakulu otsika pansi pa 800 m; mapiri pansi pa minda sali otsetsereka kuposa 25°.
* **Dothi:** Dothi lamapiri lofiira lachikasu ndi lachikasu, pa miyala ya sandy shale komanso zoyambira za m’mitsinje ndi zotsetsereka; zotulutsa madzi bwino, pH 5,0–6,5, organic matter 2,5–3,4 %.
* **Dera:** Maboma khumi ndi awiri ndi matauni, midzi 128; m’zowonjezera za 2025 malire amaperekedwanso ndi midzi inayi yakumalire ndi ma coordinates.
* **Kukula:** Malinga ndi kufotokozera kwa chizindikiro, mu 2010 pansi pa Yinshan Cha panali mahekitala 8000.

**5. Ukadaulo wa Kupanga:**

Kufotokozera kwa chizindikiro chaulimi kumapereka ndondomeko iyi: kuyala masamba atsopano → fixation → kuzizira → kukazinga koyamba ndi kuwongola → kuyanika ndi kuumba → kuyanika kwathunthu → kusankha → kuyika m’paketi. Kwa kupanga ndi manja kumaperekanso magawo.

* **Kuyala masamba atsopano (摊放, *tānfàng*):** Maola 2–4 pamalo ozizira amphepo.
* **Fixation (杀青, *shāqīng*):** Mu poto wamagetsi pafupifupi 140 °C, kwa mphindi 3–5 zotembenuka mwachangu mpaka tsamba litakhala lofewa ndi lobiriwira kwambiri, ndipo fungo la udzu lisinthe kukhala fungo loyera.
* **Kuzizira (摊凉, *tānliáng*):** Kwa mphindi 5–6, kuti tsamba lisachite chikasu.
* **Kukazinga koyamba ndi kuwongola (初炒理条, *chūchǎo lǐtiáo*):** Poto 80–90 °C; tsamba limapanikizidwa ndi kutambasulidwa mpaka litakhala mizere yowongoka, yophwaphwathwa pang’ono, ndipo chinyezi chitsike kufika pa 40 %.
* **Kuyanika ndi kuumba (复干做形, *fùgān zuòxíng*):** Tsamba limapanikizidwanso mu poto, kuchepetsa kupanikizika, mpaka 70–80 % youma.
* **Kuyanika kwathunthu (烘足干, *hōng zúgān*):** Pafupifupi 50 °C, mpaka chinyezi chikhale pansi pa 6 %.
* **Kusankha (精选, *jīngxuǎn*):** Kuchotsa zinyalala ndi kusankha pamanja malinga ndi mitundu.
* **Kuyika m’paketi.**

**6. Makhalidwe a Organoleptic:**

Kufotokozera kwa chizindikiro chaulimi: 外形微扁、披毫隐绿，汤色嫩绿明亮，清香浓郁，滋味纯爽，叶底绿亮、肥嫩露芽. Tea Quality Supervision and Inspection Center ya Ministry of Agriculture pa kafukufuku inavomereza kuti tiyi ali ndi "kalembedwe ka tiyi wodziwika" ndipo anamufotokoza ndi mawu ake; tebulo la kufotokozera komweko limasiyanitsa mitundu itatu: "wamtengo wapatali" (珍品), wapadera (特级) ndi wamba.

* **Maonekedwe a tsamba louma:** Lophwaphwathwa pang’ono, lokutidwa ndi ubweya, kudzera momwe kumawonekera kubiriwira (微扁、披毫隐绿). Malinga ndi kafukufuku, lalikulu ndi lolimba, lowongoka, lophwaphwathwa pang’ono, ndi kubiriwira kobisika ndi kuwala (肥壮，条直微扁，隐绿润泽).
* **Fungo la tsamba louma:** Palibe mafotokozedwe m’zolemba zopezeka.
* **Fungo la madzi otuwa:** Loyera ndi lodzaza (清香浓郁); malinga ndi kafukufuku, loyera ndi lapamwamba (清高). Kwa mtundu wapamwamba, fungo latsopano ndi losalala (鲜嫩香).
* **Kukoma:** Kofewa ndi koyera (纯爽); malinga ndi kafukufuku, kwatsopano ndi kofewa (鲜醇). Kwa mtundu wapamwamba, kumakhala ndi kukoma kotsekemera pambuyo pake (回味甘甜).
* **Mtundu wa madzi otuwa:** Wobiriwira kwambiri ndi owala (嫩绿明亮).
* **Pansi pa tiyi (tsamba lophikidwa):** Lobiriwira ndi lowala, ndi buds zofewa (绿亮、肥嫩露芽); malinga ndi kafukufuku, lalikulu ndi losalala, ndi buds zooneka, lobiriwira, lowala ndi lofanana (肥嫩显芽，绿亮匀整). Kwa mtundu wapamwamba, buds amodzi okha osalala ndi athunthu.

**7. Kapangidwe ka Mankhwala:**

Kufotokozera kwa chizindikiro kumapereka chiwerengero chachikulu: zinthu zochotsedwa pafupifupi **45 %** pomwe muyezo ndi **36 %** malinga ndi muyezo wa tiyi wobiriwira GB/T 14456-1993; chifukwa chake, malinga ndi mawu ake, amapirira kubwereza kuthira madzi. Miyezo ya physicochemical ya kufotokozera komweko: chinyezi osapitirira 6,0 %, phulusa lonse osapitirira 6,5 %, zinyalala osapitirira 2,5 %, zinthu zochotsedwa osachepera 36,0 %, crude fiber osapitirira 14,0 %. Palibe zina za physicochemical zopezeka m’zolemba.

**8. Ubwino Wathanzi:**

Palibe chidziwitso chotsimikizika chokhudza zotsatira za tiyi ameneyu.

**9. Kupanga Tiyi:**

Njira ya gulu la tiyi wobiriwira.

* **Kutentha kwa madzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Kuchuluka kwa tiyi:** 3 g pa 150 ml.
* **Zida:** Kapu yagalasi, momwe mawonekera masamba owongoka ndi ubweya, kapena gaiwan yoyera.
* **Ndondomeko:**
    1. Tenthetsa zida.
    2. Ikani tiyi ndi kuthira madzi m’mphepete.
    3. Kudya koyamba pakatha masekondi 40–60.
    4. Mwani, kusiya gawo la madzi.
    5. Onjezani madzi.
    6. Kubwereza kuthira katatu kapena kanayi; zolemba zimanena kuti tiyi amapirira kuthira kambiri.

**10. Kusunga:**

Njira ya gulu. Mu paketi yotsekedwa bwino, mufiriji pa 0–5 °C, popanda kuwala, chinyezi ndi fungo. Ndi bwino kumwa mkati mwa chaka chimodzi.

**11. Mtengo ndi Zonamizira:**

Palibe deta ya mitengo m’zolemba zopezeka.

* **Momwe mungapewere zonamizira:**
    * Fufuzani certification mark "昭平银杉" № 8051378 kapena chizindikiro cha geographical indication chaulimi.
    * Onetsetsani kuti wopanga ndi wa m’boma la Zhaoping.
    * Tsamba loyenera kukhala lowongoka, lophwaphwathwa pang’ono, ndi ubweya ndi kubiriwira kobisika; madzi otuwa akhale obiriwira kwambiri ndi owala.
    * Musasokoneze ndi tiyi wina wobiriwira wa m’boma: Yinshan Cha ndi dzina lapadera.

**12. Zochititsa Chidwi:**

* Dzinali linaperekedwa mu zaka za m’ma 1970 potengera kufanana kwa tsamba louma ndi singano za mtengo wa 杉; m’Chinenero cha China, 银杉 ndinso dzina la mtengo wakale wa coniferous cathaya.
* Yinshan Cha amapangidwa kokha kuchokera ku kututa kwa masika ndi autumn; masamba a chilimwe amapita ku maojian ndi tiyi wina.
* Malire a dera m’zowonjezera za 2025 amaperekedwa mwachikale ndi midzi inayi yakumalire komanso mwatsopano ndi ma coordinates.
* M’dera muli Huangyao, mzinda wakale, wodziwika kutali kwambiri kuposa nkhani ya tiyi.
* Dzinali linayamba mu zaka za m’ma 1970, muyezo waukadaulo mu zaka za m’ma 1990, ndipo mu 2010 tiyi analandira nthawi yomweyo geographical indication yaulimi ndi certification mark.

**13. Kuyerekeza ndi Tiyi Wina wa Guangxi:**

* **Zhaoping Lü Cha ([昭平绿茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/zhaoping-lucha)):** Tiyi wobiriwira wa m’boma lomwelo. Nkhani ya corpus imatchula "silver fir" (银杉) pakati pa mitundu yake, koma Yinshan Cha amatetezedwa ndi dzina lapadera, ndipo sayenera kuphatikizidwa.
* **Zhaoping Hong Cha ([昭平红茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/zhaoping-hongcha)):** Tiyi wofiira wa gongfu wa m’boma lomwelo, gulu lina lochokera kumapiri omwewo.
* **Guilin Mao Jian ([桂林毛尖](https://thetea.app/ny/article/guilin-mao-jian)):** Tiyi wobiriwira wa Guilin kumpoto chakum’mawa kwa Guangxi; mizere yopyapyala yowongoka ndi ubweya woyera motsutsana ndi tsamba lophwaphwathwa pang’ono la Yinshan Cha.

**Pomaliza:**

Zhaoping Yinshan Cha ndi tiyi wobiriwira wa kum’mawa kwa Guangxi, amene analandira dzina mu zaka za m’ma 1970 potengera kufanana kwa tsamba louma ndi singano ndi muyezo waukadaulo mu zaka za m’ma 1990. Maonekedwe ake ndi odziwika: tsamba lowongoka, lophwaphwathwa pang’ono lokhala ndi ubweya ndi kubiriwira kobisika, madzi otuwa obiriwira kwambiri owala, fungo loyera ndi kukoma kofewa kwatsopano. Kufotokozera kwa chizindikiro kumapereka mitundu itatu, kuyambira buds amodzi mpaka bud ndi tsamba, ndipo amalola kupanga tiyi kokha kuchokera ku kututa kwa masika ndi autumn; dera limaperekedwa ndi mndandanda wa maboma khumi ndi awiri ndi matauni, midzi inayi yakumalire ndi ma coordinates.