---
title: "Yúnnán yánchá"
url: https://thetea.app/ny/article/yunnan-yancha
lang: ny
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Yúnnán yánchá (云南岩茶)

**Yunnan Yancha** (*Yúnnán yánchá*, 云南岩茶) ndi "tii ya miyala ya Yunnan": dzina limene mu 2024 ankanena kuti lilembetsedwe ngati chizindikiro cha malo cha tii ya mzinda wa Bangdong (邦东乡) m'chigawo cha Linxiang mumzinda wa Lincang, m'chigawo cha Yunnan. Mitengo yakale ya ku Bangdong imamera pakati pa miyala ikuluikulu, mizu yake ili m'ming'alu ya miyala, ndipo apa ndi pamene dzina "岩茶" limachokera. Ichi si chizindikiro cholembetsedwa ndipo ngakhale pempho silinaperekedwe: ofesi yaulimi ya mumzinda inayankha kuti dzina "云南岩茶" silinaphatikizidwe m'mapulani, ndipo dzina laling'ono kwambiri "邦东岩茶" lingathe kusungidwa pamene zolemba za mbiri zidzasonkhanitsidwa. Ndi oolong ya Wuyishan, dzina limeneli limagwirizana ndi mawu okha.

**1. Gulu ndi Chiyambi:**

* **Mtundu:** Sichinakhazikitsidwe. Palibe chikalata chimene chinganene za gulu, chifukwa ngakhale chizindikirocho kulibe. Zolemba za tii zimalemba za Bangdong monga kwawo kwa pu'er Xigui ndi Nahan; "岩茶" apa ndi fanizo la "tii pa miyala", osati kuloza ku oolong ya Wuyishan.
* **Gulu:** Dzina loperekeredwa la chizindikiro cha malo; malinga ndi yankho la akuluakulu mu 2024, pempho silinaperekedwe.
* **Chiyambi:** China, chigawo cha Yunnan (云南, *Yúnnán*), mzinda wa Lincang ([临沧](https://thetea.app/ny/article/lincang), *Líncāng*), chigawo cha Linxiang (临翔区, *Línxiáng qū*), mzinda wa Bangdong (邦东乡, *Bāngdōng xiāng*).
* **Malo:** Sanavomerezedwe. Ofesi yaulimi imalemba kuti pa "云南岩茶" ndi kovuta kujambula malire a malo ochokera. Nkhani ya tii ya 2020 imatchula minda yakale ya mzindawo m'midzi isanu ndi iwiri yoyang'anira: Bangdong (邦东), Mangang (曼岗), Bangbao (邦包), Heping (和平), Zhangzhen (璋珍), Weiping (卫平) ndi Tuanshan (团山).
* **Malo ogwirira ntchito pamtunda:** Palibe malo enieni omwe anapezeka m'mabuku.

**2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe:**

* **Mbiri:**
    * **Zolemba zakale.** Nkhani ya tii ya 2019 imagwira mawu kuchokera mu "Zolemba za mzinda wa Mianning" (《缅宁县志》): pakati pa tii za mzinda wa Bangdong, 蛮鹿 ndi 锡规 ndi zodziwika kwambiri, ndipo tii ya 蛮鹿 pa mtundu ndi kukoma ndi yabwino kuposa madera ena. "Zolemba za mzinda wa Lincang" (《临沧县志》), malinga ndi nkhani yomweyo, zimasankha tii ya mudzi wa 忙六 wa mzinda wa Bangdong: yamphamvu, yoyera, imapirira kutsanulidwa kambiri. Zolemba zokhazo sindinaziwone.
    * **2023.** Pa 5 November ofesi ya boma la Lincang inatulutsa ndondomeko ya chitukuko cha makampani a tii (临政办字〔2023〕106号) ndi ntchito zazikulu khumi ndi zisanu. Chakhumi ndi chizindikiro cha tii ndi chizindikiro cha malo: pofika 2025 kuposa khumi. Chigawo cha Linxiang chinasankha mayina anayi oti alembetsedwe: «临翔[昔归](https://thetea.app/ny/article/xi-gui)茶», «马台岩茶», «南美坡脚茶» ndi «临翔白茶».
    * **2024 — malingaliro.** Pa msonkhano wachitatu wa bungwe la uphungu la mzinda wachisanu, m'modzi mwa mamembala ake anapereka malingaliro nambala 05030198 — kuti alembetse "云南岩茶" monga chinthu chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo. Tanthauzo: kutengera chilengedwe ndi makampani a tii a Bangdong, kulembetsa chizindikiro cha certification "云南岩茶" kapena "邦东岩茶", kupanga chizindikiro chofanana cha anthu onse.
    * **25 June 2024 — yankho.** Ofesi yaulimi ya Lincang, poganizira maganizo a ofesi yoyang'anira msika (临农函〔2024〕35号), inatchula zinthu zofunika. Pa "云南岩茶" wopemphayo amafunika chivomerezo cha boma la chigawo ndi zolemba mu "Yearbook ya Yunnan", "Zolemba za chigawo cha Yunnan" kapena mabuku ena ovomerezeka; chitetezo cha chinthu ndi chizindikiro chimafuna zolemba za mbiri zosachepera zaka 30, chizindikiro cha certification chimafuna zaka 3 ndi kalata ya boma la chigawo ndi chidindo chokhudza malire a malo ochokera. Pa "邦东岩茶" zinthu zofunika ndi zomwezo, koma pa mlingo wa chigawo cha Linxiang. Mfundo: "云南岩茶" pakadali pano sichinaphatikizidwe mu ntchito za mzinda — ndi kovuta kujambula malire, ndi kovuta kupeza chivomerezo cha chigawo, zolemba za mbiri ndi zosakwanira; "邦东岩茶" ingathe kusungidwa pamene chizindikiro chidzakhwima, ndipo zolemba zidzakhala zokwanira.
    * **2025.** Pa 21 May, pa Tsiku Lapadziko Lonse la Tii, boma la mzinda wa Bangdong linasindikiza nkhani ya "邦东茶": mitengo ya tii ndi miyala pano, malinga ndi mawu awo, "zimakhala pamodzi" (茶树与岩石共生).
* **Dzina:** 云南 — chigawo, 岩茶 — "tii ya m'miyala", kapena "ya miyala". Ku Wuyishan amatchula oolong, Wuyi Yancha; ku Bangdong, malinga ndi nkhani ndi zolemba za mzinda, ndi tii ya mitengo yakale yomwe imamera pakati pa miyala. Mzindawu umagwira mawu kuchokera mu "Canon ya Tii" ya Lu Yu: tii yabwino kwambiri imamera pa mwala wosweka (上者生烂石).
* **Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe:** Nkhani ya 2019 imafotokoza "zodabwitsa zitatu za Bangdong": mitengo ya zaka mazana, yomwe mizu yake imalowa mumwala; mapiri ndi miyala yodabwitsa; komanso tii zomwezo Xigui ndi Nahan. Kuchokera pamenepo pali mawu a m'deralo "岩韵花香" — "kumveka kwa miyala ndi fungo la maluwa".

**3. Kufotokozera za Zomera ndi Zopangira:**

* **Mitundu / Cultivars:** Nkhani ya 2019, pogwira mawu kuchokera mu "Zolemba za chilengedwe cha Lincang" (《临沧风物志》), imagawa zomera za tii za mzindawu kukhala zakutchire, zolimidwa ndi zobweretsedwa. Zakutchire zili mitundu yoposa khumi ndi mitundu, pakati pawo 红山茶, [大树茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/da-shu-cha), 香果叶茶, 牛皮茶 ndi 老苦茶.
* **Mtengo waukulu kwambiri:** Malinga ndi nkhani yomweyo, umamera m'dera la 曼干大箐地: kutalika 9,94 m, malo a korona 60,5 m², kuzungulira kwa tsinde 1,45 m, zaka pafupifupi 250, amatenga pafupifupi 250 kg ya masamba atsopano pachaka.
* **Zaka za minda:** Nkhani ya 2020 imayerekeza kuti zaka zapakati za mitengo yakale ya mudzi wa Bangdong ndi 300–500 — zoposa zaka za mtengo waukulu kwambiri malinga ndi nkhani yapitayi. Kusiyana kumeneku magwero sakufotokoza.
* **Zopangira ndi kukolola:** Palibe zomwe zinapezeka m'magwero.

**4. Terroir ndi Makhalidwe a Kulima:**

* **Dera:** Kum'mawa kwa chigawo cha Linxiang, pafupi ndi Lancang; kumpoto kwa Bangdong, malinga ndi nkhani ya 2020, kuli madera a tii a chigawo cha Yunxian.
* **Kutalika:** Minda yakale ya mzindawu ili pa **730–2180 m** (nkhani ya 2020). Nkhani ina ya chaka chomwecho imapereka chithunzi china: tii imabzalidwa mpaka 2000 m, ndipo mitengo yambiri yakale imamera pa 800–1300 m. Ndi kuyerekezera kotani kolondola, malinga ndi magwero opezeka sitingadziwe.
* **Miyala:** Malinga ndi nkhani ya 2020, m'minda yakale ya mudzi wa Bangdong pali miyala ikuluikulu paliponse, ndipo mitengoyo imalowetsa mizu yake kwambiri m'ming'alu. Mzindawu umalemba kuti mizu imatenga zakudya za mchere kuchokera ku mwala wopunduka; palibe miyeso yotsimikizira mfundo imeneyi.
* **Nyengo:** Pa Bangdong nkhani ya 2020 imatchula pafupifupi 1500 mm ya mvula pachaka, kutentha kwapakati 21 °C ndi nkhalango 52,5 %.
* **Malo:** Malinga ndi nkhani yomweyo, mudzi wa Bangdong uli ndi minda yoposa 5000 mu ndipo pafupifupi 80 t ya tii pachaka, mwa iwo 30 t zochokera kumitengo yakale.
* **Nthaka:** Palibe kufotokozera kovomerezeka. Nkhani yachiwiri ya 2020 imalemba kuti kuchokera ku mwala wopunduka wa sandstone ndi granite kunapangidwa dothi lofiira lamapiri (山地红壤, 赤红壤) — lofewa, lotsika bwino komanso losakhala ndi asidi wambiri; sizipereka zoyezetsa.

**5. Ukadaulo wa Kupanga:**

Palibe ukadaulo wa "tii ya miyala ya Yunnan": kulibe chizindikiro kapena mulingo. Tii ya Bangdong m'mabuku imafotokozedwa ngati pu'er; ngati dzinalo lidzakhazikitsidwa pa sheng pu'er, dongosolo lofanana ndi ili:

1.  **Kukolola (采摘, *cǎizhāi*).**
2.  **Kuziziritsa masamba (摊晾, *tānliàng*).**
3.  **Kukhazikitsa m'potolo (杀青, *shāqīng*).**
4.  **Kupotoza (揉捻, *róuniǎn*).**
5.  **Kuyanika padzuwa (晒干, *shàigān*):** Amatenga maocha wosakanizika ([晒青](https://thetea.app/ny/article/shai-qing)毛茶, *shàiqīng máochá*).
6.  **Kuphimbira (紧压, *jǐnyā*):** Si kofunikira.

Ichi ndi dongosolo lofanana la gulu, osati kufotokozera ukadaulo wa Yunnan Yancha.

**6. Makhalidwe a M'kamwa:**

Mafotokozedwe otsatirawa nkhani ya tii ya 2020 amapereka pa tii ya mitengo yakale ya mudzi wa Bangdong; palibe amene anawalumikiza mwalamulo ku dzina "云南岩茶".

* **Maonekedwe a masamba owuma:** Wobiriwira kwambiri, masamba ndi masamba a m'matumbo ndi olimba, nsonga ya masamba ndi yokongola, tsambalo limawala ngati mafuta.
* **Fungo la masamba owuma:** Palibe zomwe zinapezeka m'magwero.
* **Fungo la tii:** Fungo lamaluwa lowala, lokoma, koma losati lokoma mopambanitsa; pansi pa khapu kumakhala fungo la uchi wochuluka. Zolemba za mzinda za 2025 zimanena za "kumveka kwa miyala ndi fungo la maluwa" ndi fungo la uchi.
* **Kukoma:** Kuwawa, malinga ndi nkhani, kulibe kwenikweni, kuphulika kumakhala kosavuta; kumveka kwanthawi yayitali pakhosi, kutulutsa mate kwambiri ndi kubwerera kokoma, kuzizira pakhosi. Zolemba za mzinda zimalemba kuti tiiyo "ndi yolimba ngati mwala", ndipo kubwerera kokoma "ndi kofewa ngati mtambo".
* **Mtundu wa tii:** Palibe zomwe zinapezeka m'magwero.
* **Pansi pa tii (masamba atathiridwa):** Wobiriwira wopepuka, wokhazikika, ndi kuwala kwabwino.

**7. Kapangidwe ka Mankhwala:**

Palibe zomwe zinapezeka m'magwero. Nkhani ya 2020 imanena kuti ma amino acid mu tii ya Bangdong ndi ochuluka kuposa momwe amakhalira nthawi zambiri mu tii ya masamba akulu ya Yunnan, koma sizipereka manambala.

**8. Ubwino wake:**

Palibe umboni wotsimikizika wa zotsatira za tii imeneyi.

**9. Kuthira:**

Mchitidwe wa gulu. Gulu silinakhazikitsidwe; malangizo otsatirawa ndi a sheng pu'er, omwe tii ya Bangdong amafotokozedwa nawo m'mabuku.

* **Kutentha kwa madzi:** 95–100 °C.
* **Kuchuluka kwa tii:** 5–8 g pa 110–150 ml.
* **Zida:** Gaiwan kapena mphika wadothi.
* **Ndondomeko:**
    1. Tenthetsa zida.
    2. Ikani tii; ngati ndi yophimbidwa, chotsani mosamala osaphwanya masamba.
    3. Sambani masamba mwachidule ndi madzi otentha ndikutsanulira.
    4. Zoyamba kuthira — masekondi 10–15.
    5. Tsanulirani kwathunthu.
    6. Onjezerani nthawi pa kutsanulira kulikonse.

**10. Kusunga:**

Mchitidwe wa gulu. Sheng pu'er amasungidwa pamalo owuma, oyeretsedwa, opumira bwino opanda kuwala ndi fungo lachilendo, m'matumba opumira; nthawi zambiri amasungidwa zaka zambiri.

**11. Mtengo ndi Zonama:**

Palibe zomwe zinapezeka m'magwero okhudza mitengo.

* **Momwe mungapewere zonama:**
    * Kumbukirani kuti pa tsiku la yankho la akuluakulu (25 June 2024) ngakhale "云南岩茶" ngakhale "邦东岩茶" sanalembedwe ngati chizindikiro cha malo: zolemba pa paketi ndi dzina la malonda, osati dzina lotetezedwa.
    * Musasokoneze ndi Wuyi Yancha: kumeneko ndi oolong yokhala ndi chizindikiro ndi mulingo, pano ndi zopangira za pu'er zopanda chizindikiro.
    * Fufuzani pa paketi malo enieni — mzinda wa Bangdong kapena midzi yake, — osati mawu amodzi okha "岩茶".
    * Kumbukirani kuti mzinda wa Bangdong wokha uli m'dera la chinthu chokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo "pu'er" malinga ndi mulingo GB/T 22111-2008: dzina lotetezedwa ndi "[普洱茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/pu-ercha)", osati "岩茶".

**12. Zinthu Zosangalatsa:**

* Kuti ateteze chinthu ndi chizindikiro pamafunika zolemba za mbiri za zaka 30, pamene chizindikiro cha certification chimafuna zaka 3 zokha.
* Mawu "岩茶" alipo kale m'ndandanda wa chigawo: pakati pa mayina anayi osankhidwa ndi Linxiang kuti alembetsedwe pali "马台岩茶".
* Mzindawu umatsimikizira chithunzi cha "miyala" ndi mawu ochokera mu "Canon ya Tii" ya Lu Yu ya tii yomwe imamera pa mwala wosweka.

**13. Kufanizira ndi Tii Zina:**

* **Wuyi Yancha ([武夷岩茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/wuyi-yancha)):** Oolong ya Wuyishan yokhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo, komwe mawu "岩茶" amachokera; alibe chochita ndi Bangdong.
* **Xigui (昔归):** Tii yodziwika kwambiri ya mzinda wa Bangdong; nkhani ya encyclopedia yathu.
* **Yunnan Matai Gushu Hongcha ([云南马台古树红茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/yunnan-matai-gushu-hongcha)):** Tii yofiira ya mitengo yakale ya Matai m'chigawo cha Linxiang; nkhani ya encyclopedia yathu. Malinga ndi ndandanda wa mulingo GB/T 22111-2008, Matai (马台乡) ndi mzinda wosiyana wa chigawo, osati mudzi wa Bangdong.
* **Yunxian Dachaoshan Cha ([云县大朝山茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/yunxian-dachaoshan-cha)):** Chizindikiro cha tawuni yoyandikana nayo ya chigawo cha Yunxian, yomwe imadutsana ndi Bangdong.
* **Lincang (临沧):** Nkhani yofotokoza za encyclopedia ya tii, ndi gawo lonena za Bangdong ndi Xigui.

**Pomaliza:**

Yunnan Yancha ndi dzina lopanda chizindikiro: chithunzi chokongola cha tii yomwe imamera pakati pa miyala pamwamba pa Lancang, chomwe sichinayesedwe ndi zolemba. Akuluakulu anayankha momveka: pa dzina la chigawo chonse palibe malire, palibe chivomerezo cha chigawo, palibe zolemba za mbiri, ndipo "邦东岩茶" yapafupi idzadikirira mpaka zolemba zidzasonkhanitsidwe. Tii ya Bangdong yokha yakhala ikudziwika kale — pansi pa mayina a Xigui, Nahan ndi midzi ina.