---
title: "Shíqiān táichá"
url: https://thetea.app/ny/article/shiqian-taicha
lang: ny
updated: 2026-10-04
source: THE TEA — encyclopedia of Chinese tea (https://thetea.app)
---
# Shíqiān táichá (石阡苔茶)

**Shiqian Taicha** (*Shíqiān táichá*, 石阡苔茶) — tiyi yobiriwira ya m’boma la Shiqian (石阡县) m’chigawo cha Tongren kumpoto chakum’mawa kwa chigawo cha Guizhou. “Taicha” ndinso dzina la chitsamba cha tiyi cha kumaloko: chifukwa cha mphukira zazitali zokhuthala (苔, *tái*), alimi anatcha “taizi cha”. Malinga ndi zofunikira za 2025, mankhwala otetezedwa ndi tiyi yobiriwira yosalala; tiyi wofiira, wulong ndi woyera ochokera ku mtundu womwewo sali m’gulu limeneli. Dzinali latetezedwa kuyambira 2009.

**1. Gulu ndi Chiyambi:**

* **Mtundu:** Tiyi yobiriwira (绿茶, *lǜchá*). Zofunikira za 2025 zimatanthauzira mankhwalawa ngati “tiyi yobiriwira yosalala” (扁形绿茶, *biǎnxíng lǜchá*).
* **Msampha wa dzina:** “Taicha” ndi mtundu wa chomera komanso tiyi. Malinga ndi “Renmin Ribao”, kuchokera ku mtundu umenewu amapanga tiyi yobiriwira, yofiira, ya wulong ndi yoyera; gulu liyenera kuyang'anidwa pa lebulo, osati kulingalira kudzera mu dzina.
* **Gulu:** Tiyi yobiriwira yosalala ya ku Guizhou, yotchulidwa ndi mtundu wa chomera cha kumaloko; mankhwala okhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo.
* **Chiyambi:** China, chigawo cha Guizhou (贵州, *Guìzhōu*), chigawo cha Tongren (铜仁, *Tóngrén*), boma la Shiqian (石阡, *Shíqiān*).
* **Malo otetezedwa:** Matauni ndi maboma 18 a m’boma la Shiqian: Longtang, Longjing, Baisha, Jufeng, Benzhuang, Heba, Dashaba, Pingdizhang, Huaqiao, Shigu, Qingyang, Wude, Fengxiang, Pingshan, Zhongba, Ganxi, Guorong ndi Tangshan. Wopempha — bungwe la tiyi la boma la Shiqian (石阡县茶业协会).
* **Ma coordinates a malo:** 27°17′05″–27°42′50″ N ndi 107°44′55″–108°33′47″ E.

**2. Mbiri ndi Tanthauzo la Chikhalidwe:**

* **Mbiri:**
    * **Nthawi zakale.** Zolemba za kumaloko zimagwirizanitsa ndi tiyi ya Shiqian mzere wa “Cha Jing” wa Lu Yu “往往得之，其味极佳” — “nthawi zambiri amapezeka, kukoma kwake kuli kwabwino kwambiri” — ndipo amalemba kuti mu nthawi ya Song, Ming ndi Qing, tiyiyi inkatumizidwa ku nyumba yachifumu. Magwero oyambirira sanatsimikizidwe.
    * **2009.** Bungwe lalikulu loyang'anira za ubwino, kuyendera ndi quarantine (AQSIQ) polengeza nambala 88 linateteza Shiqian Taicha monga mankhwala okhala ndi chizindikiro cha malo.
    * **2015.** Chigawo chinavomereza muyezo wa mankhwala DB52/T 532-2015 ndi malamulo a kukonza DB52/T 1014-2015. Chaka chomwecho Unduna wa Zaulimi unapereka satifiketi ya chizindikiro cha malo aulimi, ndipo luso la manja la taicha linalowa m’ndandanda wa chigawo wa cholowa chosagwirika.
    * **2023–2024.** Chigawo cha Tongren chinapereka malamulo ake a kukonza DB5206/T 168-2023 (20 December 2023); malamulo a chigawo a 2015, malinga ndi nsanja ya miyezo, anachotsedwa pa 2 January 2024.
    * **2025.** Polengeza nambala 646 (ya 23 September) Bungwe la Dziko la Katundu wa Nzeru linavomereza zofunikira za Shiqian Taicha, zomwe zinalowa m’malo mwa gawo lonena za iyo ndi zowonjezera za ubwino kuchokera ku chilengezo cha 2009.
* **Kukula:** Malinga ndi Xinhua (June 2024), minda ya tiyi m’bomali ndi 436,000 *mu*, pomwe yobala zipatso ndi 337,000.
* **Dzina:** 石阡 (*Shíqiān*) ndi dzina la boma; 苔 (*tái*) ndi mphukira yokhuthala. Tsamba la boma limaperekanso dzina lina la anthu — 苔[紫茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/zicha) (*táizǐchá*), “taicha yofiirira”.
* **Tanthauzo la chikhalidwe:** Bomali limatchedwa “kwawo kwa taicha ya China” (中国苔茶之乡), ndipo tiyiyo ndi imodzi mwa “tiyi zitatu zodziwika za Guizhou”. Zolemba za kumaloko zimalongosola mwambo wa “tiyi ya mphika” (罐罐茶): masamba okhwima ndi madzi a kasupe amaphikidwa pang'onopang'ono mu mphika wa dothi pamoto wa makala, thovu limachotsedwa, nthawi yozizira amawonjezera ginger.

**3. Kufotokozera kwa Zomera ndi Zopangira:**

* **Mtundu:** Mtundu wa kumaloko 石阡苔茶. Malinga ndi “Renmin Ribao”, masamba a chitsambacho ndi okhwima, masamba ndi amphamvu, mapesi ndi atali; kukafunda masamba ndi masamba amakhala ofiira owala, kenako ofiira ofiirira. Kufotokozera kwa encyclopedic kumati ndi mtundu wakale wa kumaloko, womwe unafalikira kummawa, kumpoto ndi kumwera chakum’mawa kwa Guizhou.
* **Mitundu yovomerezeka:** Zofunikira za 2025 zimatchula mitundu yayikulu monga taicha yomweyo, komanso Fuding, Mingshan ndi mndandanda wa Longjing (福鼎、名山、龙井系列). Dzina la “taicha” silifuna kuti zopangira zikhale zochokera kokha ku chitsamba cha kumaloko.
* **Zopangira ndi kukolola:** Kukolola ndi manja kapena makina — monga m’zofunikira za 2025. Kwa maofeng wamanja, malinga ndi tsamba la boma, ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito mphukira ndi tsamba limodzi.
* **Mikhalidwe ya kubzala:** Malo okwezeka otaya madzi, dothi la acidic, organic m’nthaka yapamwamba yoposa 1 %, makulidwe a nthaka kuyambira 80 cm.

**4. Terroir ndi Zinthu Zapadera za Kulima:**

* **Chigawo:** Malinga ndi zolemba za kumaloko, boma lili pa phiri lotsetsereka, kumene phiri lalikulu la Yunnan-Guizhou limasintha kukhala mapiri a kumadzulo kwa Hunan, kumwera chakumadzulo kwa mapiri a Wuling. Kumwera chakum’mawa ndi kokwezeka kuposa kumpoto chakumadzulo, malo ndi karst.
* **Nyengo:** Subtropical yonyowa ya monsoon; zolemba za kumaloko zimabwereza mawu akuti “latitudi yotsika, kutalika kwakukulu, dzuwa lochepa” (低纬度、高海拔、寡日照). Tsamba lothandizira limapereka kutentha kwapachaka kwapakati 16.8 °C, maola 1233 a dzuwa, mvula pafupifupi 1121 mm ndi masiku 303 opanda chisanu; gwero lovomerezeka la ziwerengerozi silinapezeke.
* **Dothi:** Dothi lachikasu ndi lachikasu-bulauni la mapiri.
* **Kutalika:** Palibe deta yopezeka m’magwero opezeka.

**5. Ukadaulo wa Kupanga:**

Zofunikira za 2025 sizimalongosola ukadaulo, zolemba za malamulo a kukonza sizinapezeke. Tsamba la boma, mokamba za mbuye — yemwe ali ndi cholowa chosagwirika cha chigawo — limalongosola maofeng wamanja ([毛峰](https://thetea.app/ny/article/maofengcha), *máofēng*) — tiyi yopindidwa, osati yosalala:

1.  **Kufota:** Pafupifupi maola 7–8 pa kutentha kosalekeza.
2.  **Kukonza (杀青, *shāqīng*):** Mphika umapakidwa mafuta a tiyi; tsamba limayikidwa pamene chikhatho cha dzanja pamtunda wa 20 cm kuchokera pansi chimamva kutentha.
3.  **“Kuotcha katatu — kupinda katatu” (三炒三揉, *sān chǎo sān róu*):** Tsamba limapindidwa mkati mwa mphika, kukakamiza — “mopepuka — mwamphamvu — mopepuka”, malinga ndi lamulo lakuti “dzanja silichoka pa tiyi, tiyi sichichoka mu mphika” (手不离茶、茶不离锅). Kukakamiza kwambiri kumathyola tsamba, kochepa kwambiri sikumapereka mawonekedwe.
4.  **Kuyanika:** Pang'onopang'ono, kutentha kwa mphika kokuti chikhatho cha dzanja choyikidwa sichipsa.

Maofeng womalizidwa, malinga ndi kufotokozera komweko, ndi zopindika zothinana zopyapyala, zobiriwira ngati emerald, zokhala ndi ubweya; madzi ake ndi obiriwira owala komanso owonekera. Kwa tiyi yosalala, nkhani yachidule m’magazini ya zaulimi imatchula ntchito zisanu ndi chimodzi ndi njira zisanu ndi zitatu. Tiyi wofiira wa mtundu womwewo, mokamba za mbuye yemweyo m’zolemba za chigawo, amapangidwa pambuyo pa chiyambi cha chilimwe (立夏).

**6. Makhalidwe a Kumverera kwa Ziwalo:**

Malinga ndi zofunikira za 2025 za tiyi yobiriwira yosalala:

* **Maonekedwe a tsamba louma:** Lofanana ndi mphukira, lophwanyidwa pang'ono, lokhala ndi ubweya (外形自然芽状、稍扁、有毫); lobiriwira ndi lowala ngati mafuta, lofanana.
* **Fungo la tsamba louma:** Palibe kufotokozera kwapadera m’magwero opezeka.
* **Fungo la madzi:** Loyera (清香). “Renmin Ribao” limalongosola fungo lokhazikika la mtedza wa chestnut (栗香持久) kwa taicha yobiriwira — kusiyana ndi zofunikira.
* **Kukoma:** Kwatsopano, kwatsopano (鲜爽); m’kufotokozera kwa “Renmin Ribao” — kokwanira komanso kofewa (醇厚).
* **Mtundu wa madzi:** Wachikasu-wobiriwira, wowala (黄绿、明亮).
* **Masamba otsala (pambuyo pa kutsuka):** Athunthu, ofewa komanso ofanana (完整、嫩匀).

**7. Kapangidwe ka Mankhwala:**

Zofunikira za 2025:

| Chizindikiro | Zofunikira |
| :--- | :--- |
| Ma polyphenols a tiyi | 18.63–23.9 % |
| Ma amino acid | osachepera 3.0 % |
| Zakumwa zotuluka m’madzi | osachepera 40.0 % |
| Chinyezi | osaposera 6.5 % |
| Phulusa lonse | osaposera 7 % |
| Zidutswa | osaposera 5.0 % |
| Ulusi wokhwima | osaposera 15.0 % |

Tsamba lothandizira limapereka ma polyphenols 20–26 % ndi caffeine 4.5–6.0 % — popanda gwero loyambirira komanso zosagwirizana ndi zofunikira.

**8. Zopindulitsa Zaumoyo:**

Palibe deta yotsimikizika ya zotsatira za tiyi imeneyi. Manyuzipepala a kumaloko amatcha taicha “tiyi ya moyo wautali” (长寿茶) ndipo amagwirizanitsa ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu okalamba m’bomali; uku ndi kugwirizana kotsatsa, osati zotsatira zotsimikizika.

**9. Kukonza Chakumwa:**

Mchitidwe wa gulu la tiyi yobiriwira.

* **Kutentha kwa madzi:** 80–85 °C.
* **Kuchuluka kwa tiyi:** 3 g pa 150 ml.
* **Chotengera:** Galasi lagalasi kapena gaiwan yoyera.
* **Ndondomeko:**
    1. Tenthetsa chotengera.
    2. Ikani tiyi ndikutsanulira madzi m’mphepete.
    3. Kutentha koyamba — pakadutsa masekondi 40–60.
    4. Imwani, kusiya gawo la madzi, ndikuwonjezera madzi.
    5. Kutsanulira kawiri kapena katatu.

**10. Kusunga:**

Mchitidwe wa gulu. M’katoni kotsekedwa bwino, mufiriji pa 0–5 °C, popanda kuwala, chinyezi ndi fungo; ndibwino kumwa mkati mwa chaka chimodzi.

**11. Mtengo ndi Zonama:**

Palibe deta yodalirika ya mitengo; sitolo imodzi ya intaneti imatchula kuti pafupifupi ndi pafupifupi 300 yuan pa jin (500 g).

* **Momwe mungapewere zonama:**
    * Fufuzani chizindikiro cha malo: amalandira opanga ochokera m’malo otetezedwa ndi chivomerezo cha Bungwe la Dziko la Katundu wa Nzeru.
    * Yang'anani gulu pa lebulo: taicha yofiira ndi tiyi yovomerezeka ya mtundu womwewo, koma si mankhwala otetezedwa.
    * Maonekedwe otetezedwa ndi tsamba lofanana ndi mphukira lophwanyidwa pang'ono lokhala ndi ubweya ndi madzi achikasu-wobiriwira owala.

**12. Zinthu Zosangalatsa:**

* Mtundu wa chomera unatchulidwa ndi maonekedwe a mphukira: “tai” yokhuthala inapereka dzina kwa chitsamba ndi tiyi.
* Kukafunda, masamba a taicha amakhala ofiira, kenako ofiirira; m’limodzi mwa maina a anthu a chitsambacho, 苔紫茶, pali chilembo 紫 — “wofiirira”.
* Zofunikira zimalola mitundu yosakhala ya kumaloko kwa tiyi yotetezedwa — Fuding, Mingshan, mndandanda wa Longjing.

**13. Kufananitsa ndi Tiyi Zina:**

* **Beichuan Taizi Cha ([北川苔子茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/beichuan-taizi-cha)):** Tiyi yobiriwira ya Sichuan, yotchulidwanso ndi maonekedwe a mphukira za chitsamba cha kumaloko; muyezo wake nawonso sufuna kuti zopangira zikhale zochokera kokha ku chitsamba chimenecho.
* **Fanjingshan Lücha ([梵净山绿茶](https://thetea.app/ny/article/fanjingshan-lucha)):** Tiyi yobiriwira yamtundu wambiri ya chigawo cha Tongren; boma la Shiqian lili m’malo ake.
* **Meitan Cuiya ([湄潭翠芽](https://thetea.app/ny/article/meitan-cui-ya)):** Tiyi yobiriwira yosalala ya boma la Meitan, tiyi ina yosalala yodziwika ya Guizhou.

**Pomaliza:**

Shiqian Taicha ndi tiyi yobiriwira yosalala ya kumpoto chakum’mawa kwa Guizhou, yotchulidwa ndi chitsamba cha kumaloko chokhala ndi mphukira zokhuthala, zomwe m’chaka zimakhala zofiira. Zofunikira za 2025 zimalongosola tsamba lofanana ndi mphukira lokhala ndi ubweya, fungo loyera, kukoma kwatsopano ndi madzi achikasu-wobiriwira; mtundu womwewo m’bomali umaperekanso tiyi wofiira ndi wulong, choncho gulu liyenera kuwerengedwa pa lebulo.